Organizational Leadership Exam Questions
Course Introduction
Organizational Leadership explores the principles, theories, and practices essential for leading individuals and teams within various organizational settings. The course examines key leadership styles, decision-making processes, ethical considerations, and strategies for effective communication and motivation. Students will analyze real-world scenarios to develop problem-solving skills, enhance their ability to manage change, and foster an inclusive, productive workplace culture. Emphasis is placed on both the personal development of leadership qualities and the application of these skills to achieve organizational goals in a dynamic and diverse environment.
Recommended Textbook
Strategic Management Concepts and Cases 1st Edition by Jeffrey H. Dyer
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Page 2
Chapter 1: What Is Business Strategy
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements about risks is true?
A) Investing in a utility company that supplies power to customers, who have few alternative sources of power, can be very risky.
B) Investors take up risks every time when they are not sure if their investments will be a gain or a loss.
C) Investing in a stable firm is generally considered very risky even if it has a long history of profitability.
D) Investors face vey less risk when they put their money into start-up companies that try to launch products based on new technologies.
Answer: B
Q2) A company's primary purpose that often specifies the business or businesses in which the firm intends to compete -or the customers it intends to serve-refers to its
Answer: mission
Q3) What does the term cost advantage mean?
Answer: It is an advantage that a firm has over its competitors in the activities associated with producing a product or service,thereby allowing it to produce the same product at lower cost.
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Chapter 2: Analysis of the External Environment: Opportunities and Threats
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Q1) The household appliance industry has few major manufacturers like Nebula Corp.,Cook Well Inc.,and Mercury Corp.and a few smaller manufacturers.There is not much competition in this industry because the smaller companies cannot afford to compete aggressively with the large firms which do not engage in price wars.This scenario best illustrates a _____.
A) quinary industry
B) fragmented industry
C) quaternary industry
D) concentrated industry
Answer: D
Q2) Which of the following statements is true about concentrated industries?
A) These industries have few competitors and rivalry is less intense.
B) Smaller competitors usually respond aggressively to actions taken by large firms.
C) Few large competitors are aware of each other's presence and therefore more likely to create conflict.
D) If firms are approximately the same size, they tend to be able to respond, or retaliate, strongly to moves by rival firms.
Answer: A
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Chapter 3: Internal Analysis: Strengths, Weaknesses, and Competitive Advantage
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is a disadvantage of the value chain process?
A) It does not help analyze a company's strength compared to its competitors.
B) It does not take into account firm infrastructure or human resource management.
C) It does not help managers to identify areas in which a firm has an absolute strength.
D) It does not span all of a firm's economic activities.
Answer: A
Q2) ZipTag Inc.is an online company that allows venders of varied products to display their products to prospective buyers.This company has been providing service to both customers and sellers and has established itself in the market as a credible company to conduct business with.This has caused more dealers to display their products in ZipTag as they trust that the company will provide the necessary advertising to pull in prospective customers.This is an example of a _____.
A) time compression diseconomy
B) virtuous circle
C) tacit knowledge
D) path dependence
Answer: B
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Page 5
Chapter 4: Cost Advantage
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Q1) Define learning curve,experience curve,and scale curve.Compare them with each other.
Q2) Orange Superstore is largely customer centric and economical in its methods.The store sells the best quality products at prices that are lower than other stores.The store depends on the fact that its salespeople get better at completing their tasks over time.This method used by Orange Superstore is an example of _____.
A) cost limitation strategy
B) cost advantage strategy
C) proprietary knowledge strategy
D) sustained competitive advantage strategy
Q3) Indigo Inc.experienced a drop in the price of each product as the overall volume of production increased.This relationship or method caused an increase in profits accrued by the company.This is an example of the _____.
A) law of motion
B) law of experience
C) law of value
D) law of knowledge
Q4) Which is an important source of proprietary knowledge?
Q5) When do economies of scope come into existence?
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Chapter 5: Differentiation Advantage
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Q1) Frieda,the manager of a retail store,believes that a customer,Jake,is in the selection making stage.Nina,the sales person,believes that Jake is at the stage where he requires help in using the product.Which of the following statements strengthens Frieda's argument?
A) Jake is unaware of his need for a product.
B) Jake had placed an order for the product earlier and was in the store to pick it up.
C) Jake is comparing the product features offered by two brands.
D) Jake had purchased the product and is looking for a manual.
Q2) Explain product differentiation.
Q3) When products are differentiated by being associated with positive qualities in the minds of customers,they are considered _____.
Q4) Mention the general environmental factors that can affect the profit potential of a firm.Briefly explain the factors of technological change and social/cultural forces.
Q5) Define mass customization and explain what companies must do in order for this method to be successful.
Q6) What is brand image and when does a company make use of this product differentiation method?
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Page 7
Chapter 6: Corporate Strategy
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Q1) Which of the following is an example of a horizontal diversification?
A) A new company selling a new product in the market
B) An old company increasing its supply of existing products
C) A company acquiring its raw materials from many parts of the world
D) A new company trying to reintroduce an old product with improved advertising tactics
Q2) What does the term adjacent market mean?
Q3) Stacy works as a manager at Daffodils Corp.,a manufacturing firm that has not been performing well.Despite the availability of research materials and databases,she uses her own experience to make acquisitions because she is usually very confident about the success of her plans.This attitude of Stacy can be termed _____.
A) hubris
B) selfishness
C) solipsism
D) megalomania
Q4) What is a greenfield entry? When should a company use it?
Q5) How does diversification help exploit existing customer-facing resources?
Q6) In vertical integration,movement in the direction of raw materials is _____.
Q7) Explain the ways in which diversification adds value.
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Chapter 7: Vertical Integration and Outsourcing
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Q1) Green Solutions Corp.is a washing machine manufacturing company.When it initially started out,it had held contracts with a supplier who provided the company with finished washing machine parts.However,Green Solutions later started manufacturing the parts by itself and assembling its products within the company without having to seek supplier intervention.This scenario best exemplifies _____.
A) vertical integration
B) market penetration
C) task specialization
D) horizontal diversification
Q2) Vertical integration can be best defined as:
A) breaking a large process into smaller tasks that require specialized knowledge. B) bringing business processes or activities previously conducted by outside companies in-house.
C) a graphic representation of the relationship between cost per unit of a product and its scale of production.
D) the sequence of all activities that are performed by a firm to turn raw materials into a finished product.
Q3) In the context of coordination,what is modular interdependence?
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Chapter 8: Strategic Alliances
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Q1) Which of the following statements is true about strategic alliances?
A) Strategic alliances exclude functions that are bought through bidding.
B) In strategic alliances, the power to make decisions is always evenly distributed amidst the firms.
C) In strategic alliances, companies may choose to cooperate at any stage along the value chain.
D) Strategic alliances usually lead to one of the firms losing their relational advantage.
Q2) _____ occurs when one partner in an alliance creates false expectations about the resources it brings to the relationship or fails to deliver what it originally promised.
A) Hold-up
B) Misrepresentation
C) Bondage
D) Profit stealing
Q3) Which of the following statements is true about firms in a joint venture?
A) The firms contribute knowledge but each performs its roles separately.
B) The contributions made by individual firms are easy to measure.
C) The parent firms share revenues and expenses in a particular ratio.
D) The dependency level between partners is low.
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Chapter 9: International Strategy
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Q1) Score Ink Corp.,a publishing firm,decides to enter a new market.It changes its strategy from standardization to local responsiveness in order to meet the needs of the new market.However,in order to execute this strategy,it had to increase production and distribution expenses.Which of the following is adopted by Score Ink?
A) A multidomestic strategy
B) A global strategy
C) An arbitrage strategy
D) A standardization strategy
Q2) Dave is a research analyst at Geo Corp.,a U.S.-based firm,specializing in organic farm produce.Since the management is considering entering a foreign market,Dave begins to study the risks associated with this move.After gathering sufficient data regarding the internal factors of the new market,he categorizes the risks based on the type.Which of the following is most likely to be considered a political risk?
A) Marketers of Geo standardizing products based on local market needs
B) Distribution costs being higher in the market than that in the United States
C) Laws prohibiting foreign ownership of local firms in the new market
D) Consumers preferring local goods to foreign products in the new market
Q3) The spread of businesses across national borders is called _____.
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11
Chapter 10: Innovative Strategies That Change the Nature of Competition
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Q1) Explain the four stages of the product life cycle.
Q2) The Table Mat,an online review site,provides information about restaurants,the products they offer,details on home delivery,take away,and so on.Restaurants are charged by The Table Mat for advertising to millions of product users.Which of the following is being exemplified in this case?
A) A blue ocean strategy
B) A cross-sell strategy
C) A third-party pay strategy
D) A bundling strategy
Q3) Ochre Inc.uses the freemium strategy to enter a market.This strategy becomes successful and the organization gains a wide customer base.Which of the following is likely to be true in this case?
A) It is likely to use the high-end disruptive innovation strategy.
B) It is likely to use product differentiation to mark-up the initial price of the product.
C) It is likely to gain a wide customer base only if there is a high conversion rate.
D) It is likely to gain new customers in an existing market only through price skimming.
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Page 12
Chapter 11: Competitive Strategy
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Q1) A research institute plans to build a competitor response profile for a study.Which of the following is the first step to build such a profile?
A) Identifying the assumptions
B) Studying the strategic ideas of competitors
C) Creating a structural chart
D) Focusing on productivity
Q2) Briefly describe competition under monopoly.
Q3) Fuchsia Inc.,a cosmetics manufacturer,decides to change how it competes in the market.With this objective in mind,it decides to target a different market segment with its existing set of products.However,Fuchsia takes a long time to reconfigure its activities and systems to meet these changes.Which of the following is being exemplified in this case?
A) Mobility barrier
B) Product differentiation
C) Customer bias
D) Tasks disintermediation
Q4) Briefly describe the game theory.
Q5) In game theory,a set of actions that are always played no matter what a rival chooses to do is referred to as the _____.
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Chapter 12: Implementing Strategy
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Q1) Gonkie Inc.,strives to create shared values by focusing on respect for the individual and extraordinary customer service.It works to create these shared values by sharing stories with its associates and managers that provide examples of the behavior they want to encourage.Which of the following is exemplified in this case?
A) Scorecard
B) Strategy
C) Skills
D) Superordinate goals
Q2) In the context of the 7 S model of organizational alignment,_____ refers to the plan,process,and related activities that create and sustain a competitive advantage for a firm in its target markets.
Q3) An organization believes that each division of services is a separate business.Each division of the organization includes all the functions needed to run that business.This is an example of a(n)_____.
A) M-form structure
B) strategy
C) guiding coalition
D) soft square
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14
Chapter 13: Corporate Governance and Ethics
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Q1) ShopEazy Inc.operates a chain of supermarkets.The managers and employees of the company have been on strike for months due to their differences with its owners.As a result,the share price of the company has fallen to a historic low.Zeltro Investments decides to purchase a majority of ShopEazy's shares,confident that it can manage the company better.In this scenario,Zeltro Investments can be best categorized as a(n)_____.
A) corporate raider
B) venture capitalist
C) secondary stakeholder
D) angel investor
Q2) Which of the following statements is true of an individual proprietorship?
A) It is owned by two or more partners.
B) It is run and owned by the same person.
C) It is considered a distinct and separate entity from its owners.
D) It is a rare form of business ownership in the United States.
Q3) _____ are those values that define for an individual,group,or society things that are morally right or wrong.
Q4) In a company,who are called agents?
Q5) Define ethical behavior.
Q6) Describe two of the arguments used by participants of debates about ethics.
Page 15
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Chapter 14: Strategy and Society
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Q1) Inde Air Inc.,a major airline,launches promotional schemes at regular intervals to increase its market share and counter the schemes launched by another airline,FlySky Inc.In the context of the value net model,which of the following best represents the relationship between Inde Air and FlySky?
A) Suppliers
B) Competitors
C) Complementors
D) Principal investors
Q2) Jason,a visually impaired employee of Melony Inc.,believes that his workplace has given him independence and self-confidence,thereby increasing his morale.Which of the following has been exemplified by Melony in this scenario?
A) Legal responsibility
B) Social value
C) Superordinate goal
D) Capacity building
Q3) Discuss the four fundamental social responsibilities of a business.
Q4) The ability of an organization to consistently gather resources from,or provide services to,key stakeholders such as donors,volunteers,students,or clients is referred to as _____.
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