

Organic Chemistry II Practice Exam
Course Introduction
Organic Chemistry II builds upon the foundational principles explored in the first semester, delving deeper into the mechanisms, synthesis, and reactivity of organic molecules. The course covers advanced topics such as aromaticity, electrophilic and nucleophilic aromatic substitution, carbonyl chemistry, enolate reactions, amines, and biomolecules. Students will also explore spectroscopic techniques for organic compound identification and complex reaction mechanisms, emphasizing problem-solving and the application of organic synthesis in real-world contexts such as pharmaceuticals, polymers, and natural products. This course provides a comprehensive understanding of organic chemistry essential for careers in chemistry, biochemistry, medicine, and related fields.
Recommended Textbook
Organic Chemistry 3rd Edition by David R. Klein
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27 Chapters
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3751 Flashcards
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Page 2

Chapter 1: A Review of General Chemistry: Electrons, Bonds, and
Molecular Properties
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Sample Questions
Q1) Constitutional isomers do not differ in ____________.
A) physical properties
B) atomic connectivity
C) molecular formula
D) name
E) constitution
Answer: C
Q2) The Cl-Cl bond is best described as___________.
A) nonpolar covalent
B) polar covalent
C) ionic
D) coordinate covalent
E) None of these.
Answer: A
Q3) Draw the Lewis structure for SOCl<sub>2</sub> and predict the hybridization state, molecular geometry and approximate bond angle around the central atom.
Answer: 11ea894b_ac4e_0c61_bba7_113eb42442a2_TB4454_00_TB4454_00 sp<sup>3</sup>, trigonal pyramidal, 107<sup>0</sup>
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Chapter 2: Molecular Representations
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Sample Questions
Q1) Delocalization of charge over two or more atoms _______ a molecule.
A) destabilizes
B) delocalizes
C) localizes
D) stabilizes
E) None of these
Answer: D
Q2) Draw all the constitutional isomers with a molecular formula of C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>6</sub>O and label the functional groups in each isomer.
Answer: 11ea894b_ac5d_9d38_bba7_d92c94e321f0_TB4454_00_TB4454_00 11ea894b_ac5d_c449_bba7_671896bd267a_TB4454_00_TB4454_00
Q3) Diazomethane has the molecular formula CH<sub>2</sub>N<sub>2</sub>. Draw the preferred Lewis structure for diazomethane and assign formal charges to all atoms except hydrogen.
Answer: 11ea894b_ac61_46d3_bba7_33dd416c8850_TB4454_00_TB4454_00
Q4) Draw a bond-line structure for CH<sub>3</sub>C C(CH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>3</sub>C(CH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>C H<sub>2</sub>OCH<sub>3</sub>.
Answer: 11ea894b_ac59_f396_bba7_81bf1cc783ac_TB4454_00_TB4454_00
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Chapter 3: Acids and Bases
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is not a Brønsted -Lowry base?
A) CH<sub>3</sub>OH
B) CH<sub>3</sub>OCH<sub>3</sub>
C) CH<sub>3</sub>NH<sub>2</sub>
D) CH<sub>3</sub>CH<sub>3</sub>
E) None of these
Answer: D
Q2) In a Brønsted-Lowry acid-base reaction, the products are _______.
A) Brønsted-Lowry acid and Brønsted-Lowry base
B) Brønsted-Lowry acid and conjugate base
C) Brønsted-Lowry base and conjugate acid
D) conjugate acid and conjugate base
E) Brønsted-Lowry acid and conjugate acid
Answer: D
Q3) Identify a Brønsted-Lowry acid.
A) proton acceptor
B) proton donor
C) species remaining after acid is deprotonated
D) species remaining after base is protonated
Answer: B
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Chapter 4: Alkanes and Cycloalkanes
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Sample Questions
Q1) Draw an energy diagram for the conformational analysis of propane.
Q2) Identify the size of the hydrocarbon that is used in natural gas.
A) C<sub>1</sub> - C<sub>4</sub>
B) C<sub>5</sub> - C<sub>12</sub>
C) C<sub>12</sub> - C<sub>18</sub>
D) C<sub>12</sub> and higher
Q3) Identify the size of the hydrocarbon that is used in jet fuel.
A) C<sub>1</sub> - C<sub>4</sub>
B) C<sub>5</sub> - C<sub>12</sub>
C) C<sub>12</sub> - C<sub>18</sub>
D) C<sub>12</sub> and higher
Q4) Draw the most stable chair conformer of the most stable isomer of 1,3,5-trimethylcyclohexane.
Q5) What is the structure of an isopropyl group?
Q6) Draw the most stable chair conformer of cis-1,4-diethylcyclohexane.
Q7) Draw a chair conformation of cyclohexane showing all of the equatorial H's.
Q8) Draw a chair conformation of ethylcyclohexane with the ethyl group axial.
Q9) What is the structure of 1-cyclopropyl-3-methylcyclopentane?
Q10) Draw the most stable chair conformer of the most stable isomer of 1-ethyl-3-isopropylcyclohexane. Page 6
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Page 7

Chapter 5: Stereoisomerism
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Sample Questions
Q1) When a racemic mixture is reacted with a single enantiomer of another compound, then a pair of _________ is formed.
A) identical compounds
B) enantiomers
C) diastereomers
D) none of the above
Q2) What is the percentage of the R enantiomer in a sample of carvone that has a specific rotation of 10, given that the specific rotation of (R)-carvone is 61?
A) 42
B) 84
C) 16
D) 58
Q3) Draw the structure of the compound (R)-4-ethyloctane.
Q4) Stereoisomers that result from the hindered rotation of a single bond are called ___________.
Q5) Rank the following from highest to lowest priority according to the Cahn-Ingold-Prelog system.
I. -CH<sub>2</sub>CH<sub>3</sub><sub> </sub> II. -CHCH<sub>2</sub> III. -CCH IV. -CH<sub>3</sub>
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Chapter 6: Chemical Reactivity and Mechanisms
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is an intermediate?
A) A local maximum on the energy diagram.
B) A point on the reaction pathway that has a discrete minima.
C) A point half-way between the starting materials and products.
D) The highest energy compound on an energy diagram.
Q2) Which of the following describes the effect of a catalyst on a reaction?
A) It lowers the free energy of the products.
B) It makes the reactants less stable.
C) It changes the equilibrium constant.
D) It lowers the energy of activation.
Q3) Does a reaction with a positive G favor reactants or products?
Q4) Why is the entropy change negative for ring closures?
A) Closing a ring results in fewer molecules.
B) Closing a ring results in more molecules.
C) Closing a ring releases energy.
D) Closing a ring restricts the rotation around individual carbon-carbon bonds.
Q5) Does a reaction with a H of 20 kJ/mol and a S of 10 J/mol·K at 298 K favor reactants or products?
Q6) Draw an energy diagram for an endothermic reaction with two steps.
Q7) Does a reaction with a K<sub>eq</sub> = 10 favor reactants or products?
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Chapter 7: Alkyl Halides: Nucleophilic Substitution and Elimination
Reactions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is a strongest nucleophile in a polar protic solvent?
A) F<sup>-</sup>
B) Cl<sup>-</sup>
C) OH<sup>-</sup>
D) SH<sup>-</sup>
E) All of these
Q2) Identify the methylating agent used in biological systems.
A) methyl iodide
B) S-adenosylmethionine
C) methylalanine
D) methylproline
E) methyl bromide
Q3) Draw the transition state for the following reaction. (S)-1-iodo-3-methylpentane + NaSCH<sub>3</sub>
Q4) Which of the following is a strongest nucleophile in a polar protic solvent?
A) F<sup>-</sup>
B) Cl<sup>-</sup>
C) Br<sup>-</sup>
D) I<sup>-</sup>
E) All of these
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Chapter 8: Addition Reactions of Alkenes
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Sample Questions
Q1) When an alkene is subjected to treatment with Hg(OAc)<sub>2</sub> in alcohol, followed by reaction with NaBH<sub>4</sub>, what functional group is formed?
A) ether
B) epoxide
C) alkane
D) syn diol
E) alkyne
Q2) Any proper mechanism of hydroboration-oxidation must explain the observed _________ addition of the H and OH to the alkene as well as the _____________ regiochemistry.
Q3) The reaction of HCl with 2-ethyl-1-pentene or HCl with 3-methyl-2-hexene results in the identical major product of 3-chloro-3-methylhexane. Provide a mechanistic explanation showing the reaction of each alkene with HCl, including the intermediate and product. Provide a brief explanation of how the different alkene reactants could be transformed into the same product.
Q4) Draw Fischer projection (s) of the major product(s) of the reaction between (Z)-3-methyl-3-hexene and MCPBA, followed by aqueous acid.
Q5) The alkene precursor to acetone is __________.
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Chapter 9: Alkynes
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is the structure for 2,5,5?trimethylhept?3?yne?
A)
CH<sub>3</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>CH(CH<sub>3</sub>)C CCH<sub>2</sub>CH(CH<sub>3 </sub>)<sub>2</sub>
B)
CH<sub>3</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>C(CH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>C CCH(CH<sub>3</su b>)<sub>2</sub>
C)
(CH<sub>3</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>2</sub>C(CH<sub>3</sub>)C CCH<sub>2</sub >CH<sub>3</sub>
D)
CH<sub>3</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>C(CH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>C CC(CH<sub>3</sub >)<sub>3</sub>
E)
CH<sub>3</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>CH(CH<sub>3</sub>)C CC(CH<sub>3< /sub>)<sub>3</sub>
Q2) A dihalide in which the halogens are attached on the same carbon is called a _______________ dihalide.
A) vicinal
B) geminal
C) vinylic
D) allylic
E) cis
Q3) Describe the shape for acetylene.

Page 12
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Chapter 10: Radical Reactions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Thermal cracking of butane can produce ethyl radicals via homolytic cleavage. Give the arrows to show this process.
Q2) Propose a synthesis of 4-penten-2-ol from propene.
Q3) Upon treatment with NBS and irradiation with UV light, 2-methyl-2-butene reacts to produce exactly six monobrominated compounds. Draw the products of this reaction.
Q4) Free radical chlorination of ethane can produce higher halogenation products such as dichloroethane, trichloroethane, tetrachloroethane, pentachloroethane, and hexachloroethane. How could the production of higher halogenated products be minimized?
A) use an excess of chlorine
B) use an excess of ethane
C) use equimolar chlorine and ethane
D) it is not possible to minimize the production of higher halogenated products
Q5) Upon treatment with NBS and irradiation with UV light, 2-isopropyl-3-methyl-1-butene reacts to produce exactly two monobrominated compounds. Draw the products of this reaction.
Q6) A bromine radical can add to the bond of 2-methylpropene. Give the arrows to show this process and the expected result.
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Chapter 11: Synthesis
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Sample Questions
Q1) Select the best reagent to convert 1-bromo-1-methylcyclohexane to 1-bromo-2-methylcyclohexane.
A) 1. KOtBu; 2. HBr
B) 1. NaOEt; 2. HBr
C) 1. NaOEt; 2. HBr, ROOR
D) 1. KOtBu; 2. HBr, ROOR
E) Br<sub>2</sub>, h\(\upsilon\)
Q2) Reaction of compound A (molecular formula = C<sub>7</sub>H<sub>12</sub>) with sodium amide, followed by reaction with 1-bromobutane produces a compound with a structure of (CH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>CHCH(CH<sub>3</sub>)CC(CH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>3</s ub>CH<sub>3</sub>. What is the name of compound A?
A) 2,3-dimethylnon-4-yne
B) 2,2-dimethylpent-1-yne
C) 3,4-dimethylpent-1-yne
D) 4,4-dimethylhept-1-yne
E) 1-heptyne
Q3) Devise a synthetic route to prepare 1,3-dibromopropan-2-ol from propene.
Q4) Propose a synthesis of 1-butene from propyne.
Q5) Propose a synthesis of propanoic acid from acetylene.
Q6) Devise a synthetic route to convert 5-methyl-1-hexene into 5-methylhexanal.
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Chapter 12: Alcohols and Phenols
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Sample Questions
Q1) Provide the structure for 6-sec-butyl-7,7-dimethyl-4-decanol.
Q2) What is the IUPAC name for the following compound?
HOCH<sub>2</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>OH
A) 1,2-butanediol
B) isopropyl alcohol
C) 1-propanol
D) 1,3-propanediol
E) 1,2-ethanediol
Q3) Identify rubbing alcohol.
A) methanol
B) 2-propanol
C) ethanol
D) 1-butanol
E) 1-propanol
Q4) What is the IUPAC name for isobutyl alcohol?
A) 2-methyl-1-propanol
B) 2-methyl-1-butanol
C) 1-methyl-1-propanol
D) 1,1-dimethyl-1-ethanol
E) 3-methyl-1-propanol

Page 15
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Chapter 13: Ethers and Epoxides; Thiols and Sulfides
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Sample Questions
Q1) Provide the structure for tetrahydrofuran.
Q2) Provide the structure for (R)-1,1-dimethoxy-3-phenoxycyclopentane.
Q3) Provide the structure for (2S,5R)-5-ethoxy-2-octanol.
Q4) What is the IUPAC name for CH<sub>3</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>OCH<sub>2</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>CH <sub>2</sub>OCH<sub>2</sub>CH<sub>3</sub>?
A) 1,4-ethoxyoctane
B) diethoxy butyl ether
C) 1,2-diethoxymethane
D) 1,2-diethoxyhexane
E) 1,4-diethoxybutane
Q5) What is the common name for CH<sub>3</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>OCH<sub>2</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>CH <sub>3</sub>?
A) dibutyl ether
B) 1-propoxypropane
C) 1-propoxyhexane
D) dipropyl ether
E) none of these
Q6) What is the correct structure for phenylthiol?
Q7) What is the correct structure for 3-methyl-1-hexanethiol?
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Chapter 14: Infrared Spectroscopy and Mass Spectrometry
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Sample Questions
Q1) Provide the structure of the major fragment that results when the molecular ion of CH<sub>3</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>OH undergoes fragmentation via alpha cleavage.
Q2) Calculate the degree of unsaturation for C<sub>11</sub>H<sub>8</sub>ClBrO.
A) 4
B) 6
C) 7
D) 8
E) 10
Q3) Which of the following is currently most often used to indicate the location of a signal on an IR spectrum?
A) wavelength
B) wavenumber
C) frequency
D) A and B
E) all of these
Q4) Provide a molecular formula that is consistent with the following mass spectral data. M<sup>+</sup> <sup> </sup>at m/z = 167, relative height = 50.0% (M+1)<sup>+</sup> <sup> </sup>at m/z = 168, relative height = 4.4%
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Chapter 15: Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
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Sample Questions
Q1) In an NMR spectrometer, the receiver coil records a complex signal, called a ________________, which is converted into a spectrum via a mathematical technique called a ____________________.
Q2) Which of the following type(s) of protons are chemically non-equivalent?
A) homotopic
B) enantiotopic
C) diastereotopic
D) A & B
E) B & C
Q3) The coupling constant (J) for bromoethane is 7 Hz when the <sup>1</sup>H NMR spectrum is acquired at 250 MHz. What is the coupling constant between these protons when the spectrum is acquired at 500 MHz?
A) 3.5 Hz
B) 7 Hz
C) 14 Hz
D) 21 Hz
E) 1 Hz
Q4) NMR is an abbreviation for ____________ ____________ __________.
Q5) List the most common nuclei that are used in NMR.
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Chapter 16: Conjugated Pi Systems and Pericyclic Reactions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which statement is NOT true about the Diels-Alder reaction?
A) It is a [4+2] cycloaddition reaction.
B) The diene must be in the s-cis conformation to react.
C) Most Diels-Alder reactions are reversible.
D) It is a sigmatropic rearrangement.
E) Electron donating groups on the diene and electron withdrawing groups on the dienophile favor product formation.
Q2) Identify the product of a thermodynamically-controlled reaction.
A) the most stable product
B) the product whose formation requires the smallest free energy of activation
C) the product that can be formed in the fewest steps
D) the product that is formed at the fastest rate
E) none of these
Q3) Which one of the following compounds is not a product of the reaction between 1,3-butadiene and HBr?
A) (S)-3-bromo-1-butene
B) (R)-3-bromo-1-butene
C) (E)-1-bromo-2-butene
D) (Z)-1-bromo-2-butene
E) (Z)-2-bromo-2-butene

Page 19
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Chapter 17: Aromatic Compounds
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Sample Questions
Q1) Provide a structure for the compound with molecular formula C<sub>9</sub>H<sub>9</sub>ClO and with the following spectroscopic data. IR: 1680 cm<sup> 1</sup> <sup>1</sup>H NMR: 3.5 \(\delta\) (triplet, 2H), 4.0 \(\delta\) (triplet, 2H), 7.4 \(\delta\) (triplet, 2H), 7.6 \(\delta\) (triplet, 1H), 7.9 \(\delta\) (doublet, 2H)
Q2) For a compound to be aromatic, it must have a planar cyclic conjugated \(\pi\) system along with an _____ number of electron pairs.
A) even
B) odd
C) either even or odd
D) none of these
Q3) Which of the following describes the current view of the two Kekulé structures for benzene?
A) they are both correct structures for benzene
B) the two structures are in equilibrium
C) the two structures adequately describe benzene
D) benzene is a resonance hybrid of the two structures
E) None of the above
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Chapter 18: Aromatic Substitution Reactions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following compounds will yield the ortho substituted compound as the major product for a nitration reaction?
A) toluene
B) ethylbenzene
C) cumene
D) t-butylbenzene
E) none of these
Q2) Identify the electrophile in a Friedel-Crafts alkylation.
A) aluminum chloride
B) carbocation
C) aluminum tetrachloride ion
D) carbanion
E) radical
Q3) Draw all of the resonance structures of the sigma complex which is formed when benzene reacts with an electrophile (E<sup>+</sup>).
Q4) An alkyl group ___________ the benzene ring to make it __________ reactive than benzene.
Q5) Identify the mechanism by which benzene reacts with bromine.
Q6) Give the preferred products from the nitration of bromobenzene.
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Chapter 19: Aldehydes and Ketones
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is the correct order of the migration rate for the following groups in the Baeyer-Villiger oxidation reaction?
A) phenyl > methyl > t-butyl > H
B) phenyl > t-butyl > methyl > H
C) H > phenyl > methyl > t-butyl
D) H > t-butyl > phenyl > methyl
E) methyl > t-butyl > phenyl > H
Q2) Suggest a stepwise synthesis for pentanal from butanal.
Q3) Provide a structure for the compound with molecular formula C<sub>5</sub>H<sub>10</sub>O and with the following spectroscopic data. IR: 1720 cm<sup> 1</sup> <sup>1</sup>H NMR: 0.9 \(\delta\) (triplet, 3H), 1.7 \(\delta\) (sextet, 2H), 2.1 \(\delta\) (singlet, 3H), 2.4 \(\delta\) (triplet, 2H)
Q4) Provide the structure for 4-methylbenzaldehyde.
Q5) Benzaldehyde is less reactive than ethanal towards nucleophilic addition reactions. Explain why using words as well as structural drawings.
Q6) Provide the structure for 2,3-dimethyl-2-octen-4-one.
Q7) Suggest a stepwise synthesis for 3-phenylpropanal from benzyl alcohol.
Page 22
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Chapter 20: Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives
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Sample Questions
Q1) Provide the structure for benzoyl chloride.
Q2) Give the IUPAC name for malonic acid.
A) ethanedioic acid
B) propanedioic acid
C) butanedioic acid
D) pentanedioic acid
E) benzoic acid
Q3) Which one of the following is the strongest acid?
A) benzoic acid
B) 4-nitrobenzoic acid
C) 4-ethylbenzoic acid
D) 4-chlorobenzoic acid
E) 4-hydroxybenzoic acid
Q4) Provide the structure for acetic formic anhydride.
Q5) Provide the structure for benzoic ethanoic anhydride.
Q6) Provide the structure for (3S,4S)-3-hydroxy-4-phenylnonanoic acid.
Q7) Propose a stepwise synthesis for N-propylbutanamide, using 1-proanol and/or carbon dioxide as your only source of carbon and any other reagents necessary.
Q8) Provide the structure for benzyl propionate.
Q9) Methanoic acid is commonly known as ________. Page 23
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Page 24

Chapter 21: Alpha Carbon Chemistry: Enols and Enolates
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Sample Questions
Q1) How many beta hydrogens are in 2-pentanone?
A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 5
Q2) Which one of the following compounds does not undergo an aldol addition reaction in the presence of aqueous sodium hydroxide?
A) butanal
B) 2-methylbutanal
C) 3-methylpentanal
D) 2,2-dimethylbutanal
E) pentanal
Q3) Which one of the following is a major product in a Claisen condensation?
A)(\(\alpha\)-keto ester)
B) (\(\beta\)-keto ester)
C) (\(\beta\)-hydroxy ester)
D)( \(\gamma\)-hydroxyester)
E) (\(\beta\)-diketone)
Q4) An intermolecular Claisen condensation is called a _____________.
Page 25
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Chapter 22: Amines
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is the structure for 1-butanamine?
A) CH<sub>3</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>NH<sub>2</sub> B)
CH<sub>3</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>NHCH<sub>2</sub>CH(CH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub> C)
(CH<sub>3</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>2</sub>NCH<sub>2</sub>CH(CH<sub>3</sub> )<sub>2</sub>
D) (CH<sub>3</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>4</sub>N<sup>+ </sup>OH<sup>-</sup>
E) (CH<sub>3</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>3</sub>CNH<sub>2</sub>
Q2) Which of the following is a tertiary amine?
A) CH<sub>3</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>NH<sub>2</sub> B)
CH<sub>3</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>NHCH<sub>2</sub>CH(CH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub> C)
(CH<sub>3</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>2</sub>NCH<sub>2</sub>CH(CH<sub>3</sub> )<sub>2</sub>
D) (CH<sub>3</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>4</sub>N<sup>+ </sup>OH<sup>-</sup> E) (CH<sub>3</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>3</sub>CNH<sub>2</sub>
Q3) A compound with molecular formula C<sub>4</sub>H<sub>11</sub>N exhibits a triplet at \(\delta\) 0.9 (3H), a doublet at \(\delta\) 1.1 (3H), a quintet at \(\delta\) 1.4 (2H), a singlet at \(\delta\) 1.7 (2H) and a sextet at \(\delta\) 2.8 (2H) in its <sup>1</sup>H NMR spectrum. Its IR spectrum shows two medium absorption bands near 3400 cm<sup>-1</sup>. What is the structure for this compound?
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Chapter 23: Introduction to Organometallic Compounds
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Sample Questions
Q1) Starting from vinyl chloride and ________ as the only source of carbon atoms, 1-heptene can be synthesized using a Corey-Posner/Whitesides-House coupling reaction.
A) 1-bromopropane
B) 2-bromopentane
C) 1-bromohexane
D) 1-bromopentane
Q2) Diethyl ether is a good solvent to be used with Grignard reagents. Which of the following explanations for this fact is false?
A) It has a very high boiling so it can be heated to drive the Grignard formation to completion.
B) It can serve as a Lewis base and stabilize the Grignard reagent.
C) It is polar enough to stabilize the Grignard reagent.
D) It is aprotic and thus is not acidic enough to react with the Grignard reagent.
Q3) What is the product of treating styrene with the Grubbs Catalyst?
A) E-stilbene only
B) Z-stilbene only
C) A mixture of E and Z stilbene
D) No reaction because the alkene is terminal
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Chapter 24: Carbohydrates
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144 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) When D-ribose is treated with nitric acid, it forms
A) a racemic mixture of aldonic acids
B) a meso aldaric acid
C) an optically active aldaric acid
D) an optically active aldonic acid
E) a meso aldonic acid
Q2) Which of the following best describes L-galactose?
A) aldopentose
B) aldohexose
C) ketopentose
D) ketohexose
E) aldotetrose
Q3) A polysaccharide found in the exoskeletons of insects and arthropods is called _______.
Q4) When D-glucose is treated with aqueous NaOH it undergoes_______.
A) mutarotation
B) oxidation
C) glycoside formation
D) epimerization
E) none of these

28
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Chapter 25: Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following amino acids will migrate towards the anode at pH 6?
Phenylalanine: pI = 5.5
Leucine: pI = 6
Q2) Which of the following amino acids is achiral?
A) alanine
B) leucine
C) glycine
D) phenylalanine
E) none of these
Q3) Which of the following amino acids contain a polar side chain?
A) tyrosine
B) proline
C) leucine
D) tryptophan
E) glycine
Q4) The quaternary structure of a protein is due to _______.
A) hydrogen bonding within the peptide
B) aggregation of two or more polypeptides
C) disulfide linkages within the peptide
D) covalent bonding between peptides
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Chapter 26: Lipids
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is not a class of complex lipids?
A) waxes
B) prostaglandins
C) triglycerides
D) phospholipids
Q2) A triglyceride produced a linoleic acid residue, a palmitoleic acid residue and an oleic acid residue, when heated in the presence of an acid. Provide one of the possible structures for this triglyceride.
Q3) Provide the structure of an optically active triglyceride that produced two myristic acid residues and an oleic acid residue when heated in the presence of an acid.
Q4) List the components of lechithins and cephalins.
A) three polar head groups
B) two polar head groups and one nonpolar hydrophobic tail
C) one polar head group and two nonpolar hydrophobic tails
D) three nonpolar hydrophobic tails
Q5) Predict the product when testosterone is treated with PCC.
Q6) Male sex hormones are called ______ and female sex hormones are called ____.
Q7) Explain why fatty acids cannot form a bilayer.
Q8) ______lipids undergo hydrolysis in the presence of aqueous acid or base.
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Chapter 27: Synthetic Polymers
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Sample Questions
Q1) The glass transition temperature (T<sub>g</sub>), is the temperature at which the ________regions of the polymers become ________.
A) crystalline, amorphous
B) amorphous, hard
C) crystalline, hard
D) amorphous, soft
E) none of these
Q2) Polymers constructed from a single type of monomer are called_______, where as those constructed from two or more different types of monomers are called________.
A) copolymers, homopolymers
B) homopolymers, copolymers
C) block polymers, homopolymers
D) homopolymers, block polymers
E) copolymers, block polymers
Q3) Draw a possible segment of syndiotactic poly(vinyl fluoride).
Q4) Give the monomers to form Lexan.
Q5) Draw a possible segment of isotactic poly(vinyl acetate).
Q6) Draw a possible segment of syndiotactic polyacrylonitrile.
Q7) Give the monomers to form PET.

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