Oral Histology Exam Bank
Course Introduction
Oral Histology is the study of the microscopic structure, function, and development of the tissues that comprise the oral cavity and associated structures. This course provides a comprehensive examination of the cells, tissues, and organs involved in the formation and maintenance of teeth, gingiva, periodontal ligament, alveolar bone, and oral mucosa. Emphasis is placed on understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying normal oral tissue development, as well as the implications for oral health and disease. Through lectures, laboratory sessions, and slide analysis, students gain foundational knowledge essential for clinical practice in dentistry and related fields.
Recommended Textbook Essentials of Oral Histology and Embryology A Clinical Approach 4th Edition by Daniel J. Chiego
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16 Chapters
514 Verified Questions
514 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: Development and Structure of Cells and Tissues
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34 Verified Questions
34 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The information in mRNA is translated by ribosomes located on the surface of the rough endoplasmic reticulum.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) Developmental abnormalities are not associated with which number of chromosomes?
A) 44
B) 45
C) 46
D) 47
Answer: C
Q3) Smooth muscle is consciously controlled.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q4) ___________bone formation occurs directly through a tight matrix of collagen fibers,which slowly calcify into bone.
Answer: Intramembranous
Q5) Blood cells begin to form in the __________ __________ at weeks of development.
Answer: yolk sac
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Chapter 2: Structure and Function of Cells, Tissues, and Organs
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36 Verified Questions
36 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which body system relies on neural stimuli to function?
A) Vascular
B) Digestive
C) Endocrine
D) Respiratory
Answer: C
Q2) Which of the following is not a major function of the urinary system?
A) Controls blood volume
B) Controls blood pressure
C) Controls testosterone levels
D) Controls urine composition
Answer: C
Q3) Ligaments and tendons are composed of which tissue?
A) Neural
B) Muscle
C) Epithelial
D) Connective
Answer: D
Q4) Which organ system secretes and regulates hormones in the blood?
Answer: Endocrine system
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Chapter 3: Development of the Oral Facial Region
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31 Verified Questions
31 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which defines the term synchondrosis?
A) The rod-shaped cartilage of the hyoid arch
B) The center of all growth and function in the mandible
C) A band of connective tissue containing osteogenic cells
D) A union of two bones that have been separated by cartilage
Answer: D
Q2) The stomodeum first appears in the __________ week of prenatal development.
A) second
B) fourth
C) sixth
D) eighth
Answer: B
Q3) The ____ ____ is a cartilage structure,which underlies and supports the brain.
Answer: cranial base
Q4) Which bones support the palatine shelf?
A) Maxillary
B) Temporal
C) Zygomatic
D) Mandibular
Answer: A
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Chapter 4: Development of the Face and Palate
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29 Verified Questions
29 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The thyroid gland descends to the front of the trachea,attached to the tongue by the thyroglossal ________.
A) duct
B) cyst
C) fistula
D) swelling
Q2) List the components of the Waldeyer tonsillar ring.
Q3) In the fifth week,the frontal process becomes known as the _______ process.
Q4) The eyes move to the front of the face in the sixth week of prenatal development.
A)True
B)False
Q5) A combination of genetic and _____ factors are associated with palatal and facial clefts.
A) social
B) behavioral
C) age-related
D) environmental
Q6) In which direction do the palatine shelves grow on contact with the tongue in the seventh prenatal week?
Page 6
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Chapter 5: Development of Teeth
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Sample Questions
Q1) Compact bone is the most highly calcified tissue in the human body.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Which sequence reflects the correct order of appearance?
A) Predentin, ameloblasts, enamel, odontoblasts
B) Ameloblasts, enamel, odontoblasts, predentin
C) Ameloblasts, odontoblasts, predentin, enamel
D) Odontoblasts, enamel, ameloblasts, predentin
Q3) ________ ________ is a genetic disorder that makes teeth susceptible to excessive wear.
Q4) Bone,dentin,cementum and enamel grow through incremental deposition.
A)True
B)False
Q5) List the five functional stages of change that each ameloblasts undergoes,in sequential order.
Q6) _________ bone forms between the roots of multirooted teeth.
Q7) Precursor odontoblast cells use cell signaling to determine the correct starting position.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 6: Eruption and Shedding of the Teeth
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30 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Special _______ cells destroy collagen fibers by ingestion.
A) fibroblast
B) osteoclast
C) osteoblast
D) amino acid
Q2) Fusion of the tooth (reduced enamel epithelium)with the oral epithelium forms the __________ epithelium.
Q3) The mixed dentition phase occurs from approximately _____ years of age.
A) birth to 2
B) 3 to 6
C) 8 to 12
D) 13 to 18
Q4) _________ are not successors of primary teeth.
Q5) Which of the following is the origin of osteoclasts?
A) Fibroclasts
B) Monocytes
C) Amino acids
D) Root resorption
Q6) Name two characteristics of both primary and permanent dentitions.
Q7) Briefly describe why humans are considered diphyodonts.
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Chapter 7: Enamel
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33 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Ameloblasts travel along parallel paths to produce straight enamel rods.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The surface of an enamel rod is called the ______ _______.
Q3) Enamel is approximately ______thick at the occlusal or incisal surface.
A) 1 µm
B) 9 µm
C) 2.5 mm
D) 4.5 mm
Q4) In the Hunter-Schreger phenomenon,adjacent rod groups lie at right angles to each other.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Which of the following best defines perikymata?
A) Termination of dentinal tubules in enamel
B) Alternating dark and light bands of enamel rod groups
C) Growth lines visible as ridges on the surface of enamel
D) Lines that result from the rhythmic recurrent deposition of enamel
Q6) Name the organic component of enamel.
Q7) Two ameloblast cells form the enamel rod _________.
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Chapter 8: Dentin
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which type of dentin forms to protect and maintain the vitality of the pulp?
A) Mantle
B) Sclerotic
C) Peritubular
D) Reactionary
Q2) Interglobular dentin is associated with vitamin B deficiency.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The major organic component of dentin is _______.
A) water
B) collagen
C) enamelin
D) hydroxyapatite
Q4) Incremental lines are also known as _______ _________.
Q5) The appositional growth of dentin is apparent in which feature?
A) Incremental lines
B) Lateral canaliculi
C) Transparent dentin
D) Interglobular spaces
Q6) Primary dentin consists of mantle,globular,and _________ dentin.
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Chapter 9: Dental Pulp
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Sample Questions
Q1) Odontoblasts produce which type of collagen?
A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
Q2) Pulpal fibrosis is associated more with aging than injury.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Pulp stones are ectopic calcifications produced by microtrauma.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Pulp stones only occur in erupted teeth.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Radicular pulp is singular in all permanent teeth.
A)True
B)False
Q6) How many pulps are present in the permanent dentition?
Q7) The largest blood vessels found in the dental pulp are __________.
Q8) List five functions of pulp tissue.
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Chapter 10: Cementum
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Sample Questions
Q1) Cementum forms more rapidly than dentin.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Intermediate cementum overlies dentin.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Following resorption,cemental repair is a function of the ____________.
Q4) Which percentage of collagen is found in organic cementum?
A) 20% to 25%
B) 30% to 35%
C) 40% to 45%
D) 50% to 55%
Q5) List two characteristic differences between cementum and bone.
Q6) Young children frequently develop free cementicles.
A)True
B)False
Q7) Cementum resorption is a characteristic of aging cementum.
A)True
B)False
Q8) Aging cementum may obstruct the ______ _______.
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Chapter 11: Periodontium: Periodontal Ligament
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31 Verified Questions
31 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The periodontal ligament is composed of fibers,cells,and ___________.
A) synovial fluid
B) visceral fascia
C) crevicular fluid
D) intercellular substance
Q2) The primary function of the periodontal ligament is to do which of the following?
A) Support the teeth.
B) Provide nutrition.
C) Transmit neural input.
D) Protect the cementum.
Q3) The most important function of the periodontal ligament is to sense movement.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Which arises from the dental follicular tissue?
A) Dentin
B) Enamel
C) Cementicles
D) Periodontium
Q5) Fibroblasts are most concentrated in the _______ _________.
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Chapter 12: Periodontium: Alveolar Process and Cementum
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Sample Questions
Q1) Hyalinization of the periodontal ligament is caused by which of the following?
A) Mesial drift
B) Traumatic compression
C) Eruption of permanent teeth
D) Gradual orthodontic movement
Q2) The alveolar crest is located _______ mm below the dentinoenamel junction.
A) 10
B) 3 to 4
C) 1.2 to 1.5
D) 2.5 to 3.2
Q3) When a tooth is lost,the adjacent supporting tissues are also lost.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Identify and describe two types of bone loss.
Q5) Tooth loss causes loss of periodontal fibers,as well as loss of _______ ________.
Q6) Bone marrow is the smallest organ in the body.
A)True
B)False
Q7) ___________ canals pass through the long axis of the bone.
Page 14
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Chapter 13: Temporomandibular Joint
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Sample Questions
Q1) More blood vessels innervate the lateral and medial surfaces of the articular disk than the anterior and posterior areas.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Cartilage-bone remodeling is not possible.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Which of the following is a function of the temporomandibular joint capsule?
A) Provides joint lubrication
B) Supports articulatory movements
C) Encloses the lateral, medial, and posterior boundaries
D) Keeps the disk immobile when the head of the condyle moves
Q4) The postnatal condylar head is a thick band of ___________.
Q5) Which ligament extends down the medial side of the ramus to insert on the lingula?
A) Stylohyoid
B) Stylomandibular
C) Sphenomandibular
D) Temporomandibular
Q6) Which branches of the trigeminal nerve innervate the TMJ?
Page 15
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Chapter 14: Oral Mucosa
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34 Verified Questions
34 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Nonkeratinocytes constitute about ______ of the mucosal cell population.
A) 5%
B) 10%
C) 20%
D) 50%
Q2) Cellular activity __________ and fibrosis __________ with age.
A) decreases, increases
B) increases, decreases
C) plateaus, increases
D) decreases, plateaus
Q3) Masticatory mucosa is found on the ____________.
A) lips
B) soft palate
C) alveolar ridges
D) surface of the tongue
Q4) Which papillae lie in a V-shaped sulcus between the base and body of the tongue?
A) Foliate
B) Filiform
C) Fungiform
D) Circumvallate
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Chapter 15: Salivary Glands and Tonsils
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33 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Serous secretions are ________ protein and ________ carbohydrate.
A) 50%, 50%
B) 25%, 75%
C) low in, high in
D) high in, low in
Q2) Which structural characteristic makes the palatine tonsil susceptible to infection?
A) Large size
B) Deep crypts
C) Septa capsule
D) Germinal centers
Q3) Lymphocytes may transform into plasma cells.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The palatine,lingual,and pharyngeal tonsils compose the Waldeyer ring.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Tonsils contain cells that secrete saliva.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 16: Biofilms
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Sample Questions
Q1) Within days,a pellicle can grow into a thick plaque,containing motile spirochetes.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The breakdown of ______________ results in a brown spot on the tooth.
A) organic debris
B) enamel crystals
C) salivary corpuscles
D) filamentous organisms
Q3) Which type of organism appears supragingivally?
A) Neutral
B) Anaerobic
C) Gram-positive
D) Gram-negative
Q4) Which of the following forms the primary cuticle?
A) Fibroblasts
B) Ameloblasts
C) Odontoblasts
D) Cementocytes
Q5) The _________ allows plaque to form on the surface of the tooth.
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