Oral Health and Nutrition Final Exam
Course Introduction
This course explores the intricate relationship between nutrition and oral health, emphasizing how dietary choices impact the development, prevention, and management of oral diseases. Students will learn about essential nutrients required for maintaining healthy teeth and gums, the role of diet in oral disease etiology such as dental caries and periodontal disease, and strategies for promoting oral health through nutritional counseling. The course also examines special nutritional considerations for different populations and discusses current research linking systemic health to oral health through nutrition.
Recommended Textbook
The Dental Hygienists Guide to Nutritional Care 4th Edition by Cynthia A. Stegeman
Available Study Resources on Quizplus
21 Chapters
824 Verified Questions
824 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/study-set/2141
Page 2
Chapter 1: Overview of Healthy Eating Habits
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
41 Verified Questions
41 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/42644
Sample Questions
Q1) Each of the following accurately describe aspects of the dietary reference intakes (DRIs) published by the Food and Nutrition Board of the Institute of Medicine (IOM) except one. Which one is the exception?
A) The DRIs replace the older recommended daily allowances.
B) Current DRIs attempt to estimate required nutrients to improve long-term health.
C) DRIs specifically address individuals whose requirements are affected by a disease state.
D) The DRIs attempt to establish maximum safe levels of tolerance for nutrients.
Answer: C
Q2) Healthy People (HP 2020), issued by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services has resulted in a reduction of deaths from cardiovascular disease, stroke, and some cancers. It also has resulted in decreased dental caries in children aged 2 to 4 years and adults aged 53 to 44 years.
A) Both statements are true.
B) Both statements are false.
C) The first statement is true; the second is false.
D) The first statement is false; the second is true.
Answer: C
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 3
Chapter 2: Concepts in Biochemistry
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
22 Verified Questions
22 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/42645
Sample Questions
Q1) Biochemists organize the variety in chemical structure by classifying molecules into functional groups. A functional group is a group of atoms that gives a family of molecules its characteristic chemical and physical properties.
A) Both statements are true.
B) Both statements are false.
C) The first statement is true; the second is false.
D) The first statement is false; the second is true.
Answer: A
Q2) Each of the following is true of lipids except one. Which one is the exception?
A) The catabolism of lipids is a major source of energy for the body.
B) Lipids can by oxidized to produce more energy than carbohydrates or proteins.
C) The hydrous nature of lipids make them retain water.
D) Lipids can be stored in adipose tissue in unlimited amounts.
Answer: C
Q3) In general, a condensation reaction creates a new molecule by:
A) breaking a larger molecule into two smaller molecules.
B) forming an ionic bond between a metal and a nonmetal ion.
C) forming a bond between two smaller molecules.
D) sharing two electrons between two nonmetals.
Answer: C
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 4
Chapter 3: The Alimentary Canal: Digestion and Absorption
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
47 Verified Questions
47 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/42646
Sample Questions
Q1) Each of the following statements describes functions of the small intestine except one. Which one is the exception?
A) Complete hydrolysis of most energy-providing nutrients
B) Absorption of most vitamins and minerals
C) Enzymatic breakdown of cellulose
D) Secretion of digestive juices from its luminal wall
Answer: C
Q2) Demineralization is a result of acids produced by fermentable carbohydrates combining with proteins to form prebiotics. Demineralization is caused by a lack of calcium intake or a calcium deficiency.
A) Both statements are true.
B) Both statements are false.
C) The first statement is true; the second is false.
D) The first statement is false; the second is true.
Answer: B
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 4: Carbohydrate: the Efficient Fuel
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
49 Verified Questions
49 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/42647
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is least likely to be found free in nature?
A) Galactose
B) Fructose
C) Glucose
D) Maltose
Q2) Which one of the following food groups in MyPyramid provides the least amount of carbohydrates to the diet?
A) Milk, cheese, and yogurt
B) Bread, cereal, rice, and pasta
C) Meat, poultry, fish, dry beans, eggs, and nuts
D) Vegetables
Q3) Which of the following animal-derived foods contains the most significant level of carbohydrates?
A) Egg
B) Beef
C) Milk
D) Poultry
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 6
Chapter 5: Protein: the Cellular Foundation
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
35 Verified Questions
35 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/42648
Sample Questions
Q1) In most cases, digestibility and nutritional value are adversely affected by cooking procedures. Although cooking makes egg albumin more readily digestible, cooking soybeans decreases amino acid bioavailability.
A) Both statements are true.
B) Both statements are false.
C) The first statement is true; the second is false.
D) The first statement is false; the second is true.
Q2) Per kilogram of body weight, which group has the lowest RDA for protein?
A) Infants
B) Children
C) Pregnant women
D) Men
Q3) Analysis of a vegan's diet reveals that the patient has not been consuming any vitamin B<sub>12</sub>. As an intervention, each of the following would be appropriate to suggest except one. Which one is the exception?
A) Brewer's yeast
B) White chicken breast
C) Soy-fermented tempeh
D) Fortified breakfast cereal
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 7
Chapter 6: Lipids: the Condensed Energy
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
41 Verified Questions
41 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/42649
Sample Questions
Q1) Interesterification blends highly saturated fats with oils to produce trans fatty acid alternatives. This process shows promise in reducing the detrimental effect of SFAs on blood lipids.
A) Both statements are true.
B) Both statements are false.
C) The first statement is true; the second is false.
D) The first statement is false; the second is true.
Q2) High-density lipoproteins are considered detrimental to cardiovascular health because they contain only trace amounts of protein and large amounts of lipid.
A) Both the statement and the reason are correct and related.
B) Both the statement and the reason are correct but are not related.
C) The statement is correct, but the reason is not correct.
D) The statement is not correct, but the reason is correct.
E) Neither the statement nor the reason is correct.
Q3) Which of the following fats is the most saturated?
A) Soybean
B) Canola
C) Palm
D) Oliver
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 8
Chapter 7: Use of the Energy Nutrients: Metabolism and Balance
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
37 Verified Questions
37 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/42650
Sample Questions
Q1) The main manifestation of type 2 diabetes is:
A) hyperglycemia.
B) hypoglycemia.
C) ketoacidosis.
D) insulin resistance.
Q2) The liver performs each of the following actions upon cholesterol except one. Which one is the exception?
A) Produces cholesterol
B) Converts cholesterol to urea
C) Removes cholesterol from the blood
D) Uses cholesterol to make bile salt
Q3) The thalamus gland, located in the center of the brain, is important in controlling huger because it contains both a satiety and a hunger center.
A) Both the statement and the reason are correct and related.
B) Both the statement and the reason are correct but are not related.
C) The statement is correct, but the reason is not correct.
D) The statement is not correct, but the reason is correct.
E) Neither the statement nor the reason is correct.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 9
Chapter 8: Vitamins Required for Calcified Structures
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
48 Verified Questions
48 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/42651
Sample Questions
Q1) Oily fish are considered excellent sources of vitamin D. Each of the following is an oily fish except one. Which one is the exception?
A) Salmon
B) Cod
C) Mackerel
D) Sardines
E) Tuna
Q2) Although limited amounts of vitamin K are stored in the body, a shortage of vitamin K is unlikely because like vitamin D it is provided by sunlight.
A) Both the statement and the reason are correct and related.
B) Both the statement and the reason are correct but are not related.
C) The statement is correct, but the reason is not correct.
D) The statement is not correct, but the reason is correct.
E) Neither the statement nor the reason is correct.
Q3) Vitamin A can be stored in the liver for at least:
A) 1 month.
B) 6 months.
C) 1 year.
D) 18 months.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 10
Chapter 9: Minerals Essential for Calcified Structures
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
45 Verified Questions
45 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/42652
Sample Questions
Q1) Adequate intake of calcium is observed in males and females from 20 to 35 years. Women can continue to increase bone growth and density through their 20s, but do not achieve the bone mass level observed in most men.
A) Both statements are true.
B) Both statements are false.
C) The first statement is true; the second is false.
D) The first statement is false; the second is true.
Q2) Calcium balance, an intake that equals excretion, depends solely on adequate calcium intake. Although hormones such as PTH are involved in phosphorus balance, hormonal influence on calcium balance is insignificant.
A) Both statements are true.
B) Both statements are false.
C) The first statement is true; the second is false.
D) The first statement is false; the second is true.
Q3) Nourishment for the dentin is provided by:
A) bioavailable calcium.
B) odontoblasts.
C) phosphorus.
D) osteoid.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 11
Chapter 10: Nutrients Present in Calcified Structures
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
30 Verified Questions
30 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/42653
Sample Questions
Q1) Aluminum exposure increases prevalence of dental caries because this element decreases the uptake and retention of fluoride. Aluminum accumulation can occur when taking antacids containing aluminum hydroxide.
A) Both statements are true.
B) Both statements are false.
C) The first statement is true; the second is false.
D) The first statement is false; the second is true.
Q2) High doses of zinc supplements increase copper absorption. Large amounts of vitamin C supplements increase bioavailability of copper.
A) Both statements are true.
B) Both statements are false.
C) The first statement is true; the second statement is false.
D) The first statement is false; the second statement is true.
Q3) Which mineral is most important for carbohydrate and fat metabolism?
A) Selenium
B) Manganese
C) Chromium
D) Molybdenum
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
12
Chapter 11: Vitamins Required for Oral Soft Tissues and Salivary Glands
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
47 Verified Questions
47 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/42654
Sample Questions
Q1) During early phases of nutritional deficiency, which epithelial tissue is the most likely to be evident?
A) Gingival
B) Lips
C) Glossal
D) Palatal
Q2) Associated with malnourished alcoholics
A)Antigenic
B)Filiform papillae
C)Vitamin B<sub>6</sub>
D)Circumvallate lingual papillae
E)Angular cheilosis
F)Xerostomia
G)Cobalamin
H)Thiamin
I)Folate
J)Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome
K)Pellagra
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 13
Chapter 12: Fluids and Minerals Required for Oral Soft
Tissues and Salivary
Glands
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
44 Verified Questions
44 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/42655
Sample Questions
Q1) Approximately 25% of reputable producers of bottled water use groundwater as their water source. Plain tap water is the most natural source of fluids.
A) Both statements are true.
B) Both statements are false.
C) The first statement is true; the second is false.
D) The first statement is false; the second is true.
Q2) Loss of 1 pound of body weight during exercise means that at least 2 cups of water have been lost. High protein diets during exercise retain more water than do diets high in fruits and vegetables.
A) Both statements are true.
B) Both statements are false.
C) The first statement is true; the second is false.
D) The first statement is false; the second is true.
Q3) Which of the following ingredients in tea are considered beneficial to health? (Select all that apply.)
A) Tannin
B) Polyphenols
C) Flavonoids
D) Theanine
Page 14
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 13: Nutritional Requirements Affecting Oral Health in
Women
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
36 Verified Questions
36 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/42656
Sample Questions
Q1) The best time period for a pregnant woman to receive routine dental care is during the:
A) first 6 to 8 weeks.
B) first trimester.
C) second trimester.
D) third trimester.
E) last month.
Q2) A leading cause of death related to food borne illness
A)Nutritional insult
B)Preeclampsia
C)Gravida
D)Erythropoiesis
E)Anencephaly
F)Lactation
G)Alcohol
H)Dysesthesia
I)Menopause
J)Hormone replacement therapy
K)Toxoplasmosis
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 15
Chapter 14: Nutritional Requirements During Growth and Development and Eating Habits Affecting Oral Health
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
43 Verified Questions
43 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/42657
Sample Questions
Q1) When counseling a parent regarding early childhood caries (ECC), advice from the dental hygienist should include the which of the following? (Select all that apply.)
A) Limit the child's access to a sippy cup containing milk or juice.
B) If natural fluoride is low, install a home filtration system to add fluoride.
C) During the first year, food that requires chewing should be added based on the number of erupted teeth.
D) Wean the infant from the bottle soon after the first birthday.
E) To encourage more consumption of fluids, add fruit juice to bottle and sippy cup.
Q2) The birth weight of an infant doubles in 3 months, and it has quadrupled by 1 year of age. Length or height increases by 50% by year of age.
A) Both statements are true.
B) Both statements are false.
C) The first statement is true; the second is false.
D) The first statement is false; the second is true.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 16
Chapter 15: Nutritional Requirements for Older Adults and Eating Habits
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
34 Verified Questions
34 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/42658
Sample Questions
Q1) Chronic stomach inflammation
A)Obesity
B)Hypogeusia
C)Anosmia
D)Xerostomia
E)Edentulism
F)Atrophic gastritis
Q2) Sarcopenia, protein, and osteoporosis have important links that dental hygienists should understand. Which of the following are accurate? (Select all that apply.)
A) Sarcopenia is inevitable with aging.
B) Impaired protein use can be overcome by consuming high-quality protein at each meal.
C) High-protein foods stimulate carbohydrate synthesis.
D) Resistance exercise combined with complete protein consumption elicits anabolism.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 17
Chapter 16: Food Factors Affecting Health
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
41 Verified Questions
41 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/42659
Sample Questions
Q1) While discussing benefits and drawbacks of organic foods, which selection can a dental hygienist convey correctly to a patient? (Select all that apply.)
A) Experts agree that organic foods are more nutritious.
B) Animals raised by organic producers cannot be given antibiotics to stimulate growth.
C) Products labeled "Made with Organic Ingredients" must contain at least 70% organic ingredients.
D) A product containing more than 5% of the Environmental Protection Agency pesticide tolerance cannot be labeled organic.
E) Nonorganic produce is 60% more likely to have pesticides than organic fruits and vegetables.
Q2) Which food additives control growth of mold, bacteria, and yeast?
A) Sodium benzoate, sulfites, and sorbic acid
B) Monoglycerides and diglycerides
C) Casein, pectin, and gelatin
D) Fumaric acid, lactic acid, and phosphoric acid
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 17: Effects of Systemic Disease on Nutritional
Status and Oral Health
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
50 Verified Questions
50 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/42660
Sample Questions
Q1) Lingering unpleasant taste even though nothing is in the mouth
A)Phantom taste
B)Pernicious anemia
C)Neutropenia
D)Bisphosphonates
E)Goitrogens
F)Hypopituitarism
G)Brown tumors
H)Osteosclerosis
I)Neoplasia
Q2) Intake of which nutrients is most frequently cited as being negatively affected by oral problems and dentate status? (Select all that apply.)
A) Protein
B) Vitamin C
C) Fiber
D) Vitamin D
E) Vitamin K
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 19
Chapter 18: Nutritional Aspects of Dental Caries: Causes,
Prevention, and Treatment
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
39 Verified Questions
39 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/42661
Sample Questions
Q1) Polysaccharides such as rice, potatoes, and corn (starches) are less cariogenic than monosaccharides because the physical and chemical properties of starches render complex carbohydrates less damaging to enamel.
A) Both the statement and the reason are correct and related.
B) Both the statement and the reason are correct but are not related.
C) The statement is correct, but the reason is not correct.
D) The statement is not correct, but the reason is correct.
E) Neither the statement nor the reason is correct.
Q2) Which food would be least beneficial for an individual wanting to restrict both plaque acid and fat intake?
A) American cheese
B) Seafood
C) Poultry
D) Eggs
Q3) Which food selection has the most fermentable carbohydrate?
A) Dairy desserts
B) Cookies
C) Sodas or sugar sweetened fruit drinks
D) Cakes
E) Candy
Page 20
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 19: Nutritional Aspects of Gingivitis and Periodontal Disease
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
35 Verified Questions
35 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/42662
Sample Questions
Q1) Each of the following is a factor to consider prior to making dietary recommendations for a patient who is scheduled for periodontal surgery except one. Which one is the exception?
A) Extent of the surgery
B) Potential postoperative discomfort
C) Patient's ability to eat after the surgery
D) Limitation of kilocalories to be consumed
Q2) During initial assessment, a dental hygienist documents purplish red gingival tissues, pockets of 4 mm or more, and pain. Which of the following are appropriate dental hygiene interventions? (Select all that apply.)
A) Oral debridement to deplaque teeth
B) Recommend an antimicrobial agent
C) Encourage appropriate techniques for optimal oral self-care
D) Prescribe antibiotics
E) Identify and recommend modification of defective restorations
Q3) Which of the following is true of gingivitis? (Select all that apply.)
A) It is a progressive inflammatory process.
B) It begins in the interdental papilla and advances to the attached gingiva.
C) It is easily identified by its classic, dark reddish-blue color.
D) Excessive stippling is present.
Page 21
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 20: Nutritional Aspects of Alterations in the Oral
Cavity
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
33 Verified Questions
33 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/42663
Sample Questions
Q1) Xerostomia has a negative effect on oral tissues, but its effect on dietary intake is typically negligible because this condition is characterized by diminished or absent salivary flow or a change in the viscosity of saliva.
A) Both the statement and the reason are correct and related.
B) Both the statement and the reason are correct but are not related.
C) The statement is correct, but the reason is not correct.
D) The statement is not correct, but the reason is correct.
E) Neither the statement nor the reason is correct.
Q2) Soft drinks, energy drinks, and sports drinks with fermentable carbohydrate should be avoided during orthodontia to enhance demineralization. Foods and drinks high in citric acid should also be avoided.
A) Both statements are true.
B) Both statements are false.
C) The first statement is true; the second is false.
D) The first statement is false; the second is true.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 22
Chapter 21: Nutritional Assessment and Education for Dental Patients
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
27 Verified Questions
27 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/42664
Sample Questions
Q1) Positive nonverbal communications increase the effectiveness of a message and create a comfortable atmosphere for the patient. Avoiding direct eye contact by frequently studying the patients chart enables the patient to relax and think more clearly.
A) Both statements are true.
B) Both statements are false.
C) The first statement is true; the second is false.
D) The first statement is false; the second is true.
Q2) Disturbances in which of the following nutrients contribute to glossitis? (Select all that apply.)
A) Niacin
B) Vitamin C
C) Folic acid
D) Biotin
E) Vitamin D
Q3) Overall, the most effective method of obtaining dietary information is with the:
A) diet history.
B) twenty-four-hour-recall.
C) food frequency questionnaire.
D) food diary.
Page 23
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.