Oceanography Exam Bank
Course Introduction
Oceanography is the scientific study of the Earth's oceans, encompassing their physical, chemical, biological, and geological aspects. This course introduces students to the fundamental principles governing ocean systems, such as ocean circulation, waves, tides, marine ecosystems, and the chemistry of seawater. It also covers the exploration of ocean basins, coastal processes, and the role oceans play in climate regulation. Students will gain an understanding of how human activities impact marine environments and explore contemporary issues like marine pollution and resource management. Through a combination of theoretical knowledge and practical applications, the course provides a comprehensive foundation for further study in marine and environmental sciences.
Recommended Textbook
Introduction to Marine Biology 4th Edition by George Karleskint
Available Study Resources on Quizplus
20 Chapters
2050 Verified Questions
2050 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/study-set/3780
Page 2
Chapter 1: Science and Marine Biology
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
73 Verified Questions
73 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/75431
Sample Questions
Q1) What percentage of the surface of the earth is covered by seawater?
A) 46%
B) 55%
C) 64%
D) 71%
E) 83%
Answer: D
Q2) Among other discoveries, Lamarck was the first to explain the phenomenon of atolls.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q3) Massachusetts
A)Scripps Institute of Oceanography
B)Friday Harbor Laboratories
C)Marine Biological Laboratory at Woods Hole
D)Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science
Answer: C
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 3
Chapter 2: Fundamentals of Ecology
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
113 Verified Questions
113 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/75432
Sample Questions
Q1) The amount of dissolved salts in water determines the:
A) temperature.
B) luminosity.
C) salinity.
D) clarity.
E) turbidity.
Answer: C
Q2) Photic Zone
A)Open Ocean
B)Near Shore
C)Primary Production
D)Benthic area exposed during low tide
Answer: C
Q3) An organism that maintains a constant body temperature is termed:
A) an endotherm.
B) an ectotherm.
C) a poikiotherm.
D) cold blooded.
E) an osmoconformer.
Answer: A
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 4
Chapter 3: Geology of the Ocean
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
110 Verified Questions
110 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/75433
Sample Questions
Q1) At the base of a steep continental slope a gentle slope is called:
A) a bajada.
B) a delta.
C) an inverse plane.
D) the continental rise.
E) an abyssal hill.
Answer: D
Q2) Ridges
A)deep crevices in the ocean floor
B)continuous series of large, underwater, volcanic mountains
C)associated with trenches
Answer: B
Q3) Fracture zone
A)where new ocean bottom is formed
B)where most earthquakes occur
C)where ocean plate goes below terrestrial plate
Answer: B
Q4) Define a nautical mile, the unit of distance used in oceanic navigation. Answer: A nautical mile is equal to one minute of latitude (1.85 km or 1.15 land miles).
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 5
Chapter 4: Water, Waves, and Tides
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
121 Verified Questions
121 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/75434
Sample Questions
Q1) Seawater is considered buffered due to the presence of:
A) oxygen ions.
B) nitrogen ions.
C) bicarbonate ions.
D) silicon ions.
E) calcium ions.
Q2) At 30° north and 30° south, air is:
A) cool and rising.
B) moist and rising.
C) moist and falling.
D) dry and falling.
E) dry and rising.
Q3) Large bodies of water maintain relatively constant temperatures compared to terrestrial locations. Why is this so, and how is this feature of water important for life?
Q4) Oxygen
A)83%
B)11%
C)6%
Q5) What are hydrogen bonds?
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 6
Chapter 5: Biological Concepts
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
86 Verified Questions
86 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/75435
Sample Questions
Q1) Which is the proper order of organization?
A) Cells, organs, tissues
B) Cells, tissues, organs
C) Organs, tissues, organs systems
D) Organs, cells, tissues
E) Tissues, organs, cells.
Q2) The hard exterior of crabs and lobsters is:
A) chitin.
B) triglycerides.
C) glycogen.
D) cellulose.
E) based on wax polymers.
Q3) Kingdom
A)Fungi, Plantae, Animalia
B)Eukarya
C)Archaea, Eubacteria, Eukarya
Q4) Recombination
A)alleles switching chromosomes
B)gametes
C)increase in genetic variation
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 7
Chapter 6: Marine Microbes
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
104 Verified Questions
104 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/75436
Sample Questions
Q1) Thraustochytrids
A)DHA fatty acid
B)planktonic decomposer
C)wasting disease
Q2) Icosahedral
A)icosahedral heads with helical tails
B)protein subunit of the capsid spiral around the central core of the nucleic acid
C)capsid with twenty triangular faces
Q3) Marine yeast asexual reproduction
A)conidiospores
B)budding
C)ascocarp
Q4) Zooxanthellae are members of the following group of Eukaryotes:
A) diatoms.
B) coccolithophores.
C) amoebas.
D) dinoflagellates.
E) ciliates.
Q5) Briefly explain why viruses are not considered living organisms.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 8
Chapter 7: Multicellular Primary Producers
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
111 Verified Questions
111 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/75437
Sample Questions
Q1) Brown algae
A)Stipe and blade
B)Aerenchyme
C)Filamentous
D)Pelagic
Q2) The root system of mangroves is extensive and penetrates deep into the sediment.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The depth distribution of algae is limited by:
A) temperature.
B) pressure.
C) pH.
D) light quality.
E) salinity.
Q4) In seagrasses the process of water-insoluble fertilization is called
A) hydroponic pollination.
B) hydrophilous pollination.
C) sperm pollination.
D) aquatic insemination.
E) clonal growth.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 9
Chapter 8: Lower Invertebrates
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
99 Verified Questions
99 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/75438
Sample Questions
Q1) Water enters the spongocoel through the osculum.
A)True
B)False
Q2) A sponge body type with many chambers lined with collar cells is called:
A) asconoid.
B) syconoid.
C) leuconoid.
D) hexactinellida.
E) demospongoid.
Q3) Porifera
A)comb plates
B)filter feeder
C)reef forming
Q4) The Portuguese man-o-war is a member of the class:
A) Hydrozoa.
B) Scyphozoa.
C) Cubozoa.
D) Anthozoa.
E) Bryozoa.
Q5) What are 2 functions of naturally produced chemical defenses in sponges?
Page 10
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 9: Higher Invertebrates
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
145 Verified Questions
145 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/75439
Sample Questions
Q1) Spiny bristles used for locomotion that emanate from the segments of annelids are called:
A) pharynx.
B) parapodia.
C) epitokes.
D) setae.
E) prostomia.
Q2) Sea urchins
A)Bilateral flattened
B)Five arms attach to central region
C)Radial oval test
D)Five arms attach to a round central disk
Q3) Nacreous
A)inner layer
B)outer layer
C)middle layer
Q4) Arthropoda
A)Exoskelton, jointed legs
B)Foot, mantle
C)Lancelets
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 11
Chapter 10: Marine Fishes
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
117 Verified Questions
117 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/75440
Sample Questions
Q1) About 2/3 of a shark's brain is used for:
A) control of body movement.
B) processing electrical currents from the water.
C) olfaction.
D) vision.
E) processing water pressure differences.
Q2) The rectal gland of sharks is involved in the excretion of:
A) urea.
B) sodium chloride.
C) calcium and magnesium.
D) trimethyamine oxide.
E) carbon dioxide.
Q3) Viviparity
A)development in mother's uterus without an egg
B)egg released outside of body
C)egg hatched in mothers uterus
Q4) How does human activity drastically affect the reproductive success of salmon?
Q5) What advantage does bright coloration confer upon venomous fishes?
Q6) How do marine biologists know that sharks and bony fishes evolved in freshwater but then later migrated to the marine environment?
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 12
Chapter 11: Reptiles and Birds
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
108 Verified Questions
108 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/75441
Sample Questions
Q1) Penguins
A)fish, jellyfish and squid
B)krill and fish
C)fish
Q2) Birds that catch their prey by plunge diving into the water from the air are:
A) skimmers.
B) cormorants.
C) terns.
D) penguins.
E) avocets.
Q3) Leatherback Sea Turtle
A)Invertebrates and seaweeds
B)Sponges
C)Invertebrates and fish
D)Jellyfish
Q4) Sea Turtles
A)buries eggs in beach sand
B)all but three species are viviparous at sea
C)nest builder on land
Q5) What are 3 human activities that negatively affect sea turtle survival?
Page 13
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 12: Marine Mammals
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
115 Verified Questions
115 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/75442
Sample Questions
Q1) Adaptations for deep diving in cetaceans include all the following except:
A) large amount of hemoglobin.
B) large amount of cholesterol.
C) lowered sensitivity to lactic acid.
D) high levels of myglobin.
E) decreased metabolism.
Q2) Baleen plates are composed of:
A) calcium carbonate.
B) cellulose.
C) keratin.
D) chitin.
E) silica.
Q3) The melon of dolphins and other toothed whales is used for:
A) storage of food.
B) protecting the brain.
C) focusing sound pulses.
D) receiving sound pulses.
E) producing sounds.
Q4) List the three major groups of pinnipeds and outline the anatomical differences between them.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 14
Chapter 13: Intertidal Communities
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
104 Verified Questions
104 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/75443
Sample Questions
Q1) Swash
A)surf zone
B)lacks a surf zone
C)the water flowing back down the beach
D)the water running up the beach
Q2) Supralittoral fringe
A)acorn barnacles
B)mussels
C)periwinkles
Q3) Dissipative beach
A)surf zone
B)lacks a surf zone
C)the water flowing back down the beach
D)the water running up the beach
Q4) Tide pools offer refuge to intertidal animals because they are not subject to wild fluctuations in temperature and salinity.
A)True
B)False
Q5) How do intertidal brown algae compete with barnacles and mussels for space?
Page 15
Q6) List at least 3 adaptations of rocky intertidal animals to resist desiccation.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 14: Estuaries
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
100 Verified Questions
100 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/75444
Sample Questions
Q1) In estuaries at high latitudes, which of the following factors strongly influences mixing?
A) Oxygen concentrations
B) Nutrient concentrations
C) Carbon dioxide concentrations
D) Temperature
E) Turbidity
Q2) Fjord
A)glacial formed
B)land movement
C)inter-glacial periods
Q3) Salt marsh communities predominate in temperate and subarctic areas.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Ghost shrimp and mud shrimp play an active role in:
A) compacting the sediment.
B) reducing species through competition.
C) decomposition of seagrass roots.
D) oxygenating the sediments.
E) consuming marsh plants.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 16
Chapter 15: Coral Reef Communities
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
98 Verified Questions
98 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/75445
Sample Questions
Q1) The largest barrier reef in the world is the Great Barrier Reef of Australia.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The ecological model that random recruitment from the larval pool leads to high reef fish diversity is called:
A) competition model.
B) predation disturbance model.
C) lottery model.
D) resource limitation model.
E) optimal foraging model.
Q3) Buttress zone
A)finger-like projections
B)highest point
C)vertical wall
Q4) Outline the three mechanisms by which corals obtain their nutrition.
Q5) What are the three categories of coral reefs and how do they develop?
Q6) What accounts for the higher coral species diversity in the Pacific and Indian Oceans compared to the Atlantic?
Q7) Describe at least 3 physical factors that limit coral reef distribution.
Q8) How do some corals reproduce asexually?
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 17
Chapter 16: Continental Shelves and Neritic Zone
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
82 Verified Questions
82 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/75446
Sample Questions
Q1) Kelps require ____ substrates in order to grow.
A) rocky
B) muddy
C) silty
D) sandy
E) porous
Q2) Suspension feeder
A)eats detritus and bacteria
B)scavenger and predator
C)eats detritus and plankton
D)herbivore
Q3) Nanophytoplankton is
A) 2.0 to 20 microns.
B) 20 - 200 microns.
C) 2 - 20 mm.
D) 20 - 200 cm.
E) 20 - 200 mm.
Q4) Coastal waters are highly productive areas.
A)True
B)False
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 18
Chapter 17: The Open Sea
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
97 Verified Questions
97 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/75447
Sample Questions
Q1) An example of mesoplankton would be
A) larval fishes.
B) Sargassum seaweed.
C) invertebrate larvae.
D) green flagellates.
E) bacteria.
Q2) Those organisms that live only part of their life history as plankton are called:
A) meroplankton.
B) holoplankton.
C) nanoplakton.
D) seston.
E) pleuston.
Q3) Bacteria play an insignificant role in the pelagic realm.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Describe the open-ocean planktonic food chain, and elaborate on why its supports few large animals.
Q5) What is micropatchiness, and what factors give rise to micropatchiness in the open sea?
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 19
Chapter 18: Life in the Oceans Depths
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
82 Verified Questions
82 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/75448
Sample Questions
Q1) Evolutionary biologists find the deep sea interesting because
A) of the unusual environmental conditions.
B) of the abundance of organisms.
C) the environment has remained stable for 100 million years.
D) the environment is constantly changing due to continental drift.
Q2) Transatlantic cable
A)Philippine Trench
B)Challenger Deep
C)depths below the photic zone
Q3) Black smokers produce a fluid rich in:
A) copper sulfides.
B) iron sulfides.
C) zinc sulfides.
D) magnesium sulfides.
E) sodium chloride.
Q4) Crabs
A)primary consumers
B)primary producers
C)secondary consumers
Q5) Describe at least 3 functions of bioluminescence in deep-sea fishes.
Page 20
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 19: Harvesting the Oceans Resources
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
88 Verified Questions
88 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/75449
Sample Questions
Q1) Most fossil fuels mined from the sea are mined in coastal areas that make up part of the continental shelf. Very little exploration for fossil fuels is done in the deep sea. What are some reasons for this?
Q2) Resources derived from microorganisms
A)oil and gas
B)renewable resources
C)non-renewable resources
Q3) At least 60% of the ____ most valuable fish species are overfished or fished to the limit.
A)30
B)100
C)150
D)200
E)400
Q4) Genetics
A)no longer fulfills role in ecosystem
B)reduces species abundance
C)removal of large fish over time will affect this
Q5) Describe the impact of the incidental catch of the U.S. trawl fishery on marine ecosystems.
21
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 20: Oceans in Jeopardy
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
97 Verified Questions
97 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/75450
Sample Questions
Q1) DDT and PCBs are no longer legally used anywhere in the U.S.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Ocean/Waterway
A)35.8
B)6.3
C)52
Q3) Describe at least 3 effects of oil spills on marine organisms and the marine environment.
Q4) The largest volumetric component of trash collected on beaches will likely be:
A) metal.
B) plastic.
C) medical waste.
D) glass.
E) cigarette butts.
Q5) Microorganisms
A)polychlorinated biphenyls
B)benzene and other ring-shaped molecules
C)heptane and other straight-chain molecules
D)coliforms
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 22