Nursing Theory and Concepts Exam Preparation Guide
Course Introduction
Nursing Theory and Concepts explores the foundational frameworks, principles, and models that guide nursing practice and research. This course introduces students to classic and contemporary nursing theories, examining their impact on healthcare delivery, patient care, and professional development. Students will critically analyze the evolution and significance of nursing concepts such as health, environment, person, and nursing itself. Emphasis is placed on understanding how these theories inform evidence-based practice, enhance clinical decision-making, and shape holistic approaches to patient care within diverse populations and settings.
Recommended Textbook
Professional Nursing Practice Concepts and Perspectives 7th Edition by Blais
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25 Chapters
637 Verified Questions
637 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Beginning the Journey
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nursing student would like to talk with a faculty advisor prior to registering for next semester's classes.What is the best strategy for this student?
A)Catch the faculty member after a lecture and ask for a few minutes to talk.
B)Stop by the faculty member's office to see whether the faculty member has time to talk.
C)Call the faculty member and request a time to meet for advisement.
D)Talk to the faculty member in the cafeteria at school.
Answer: C
Q2) The nursing student is completing the Critical Thinking Exercises in the textbook.What is a strategy for getting the most benefit from these exercises?
A)Look for the single best answer to the questions asked.
B)Work independently to find answers.
C)Look for answers in an appendix in the back of the book.
D)Discuss the questions with classmates.
Answer: D
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Chapter 2: Socialization to Professional Nursing Roles
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Sample Questions
Q1) What are Patricia Benner's five levels of proficiency in nursing?
A)Student,graduate,clinical specialist,practitioner,clinician.
B)Pre-professional,technical,professional,advanced,expert.
C)Novice,advanced beginner,competent,proficient,expert.
D)Student,staff nurse,manager,supervisor,director.
Answer: C
Q2) Which option best describes the major emphasis of the approach traditionally taken by physicians in their relationship with clients?
A)Caring
B)Communication
C)Clinical,biological
D)Behavioral science
Answer: C
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Chapter 3: Historical Foundations of Professional Nursing
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Sample Questions
Q1) The American Red Cross is planning a celebration of its founding.Which nurse should be included as an important figure?
A)Clara Barton
B)Luther Christman
C)Lucy Osborne
D)Cecilia Makiwane
Answer: A
Q2) Which nurse founded the National Association of Colored Graduate Nurses in 1908?
A)Mary Seacole
B)Cecilia Makiwane
C)Mary Mahoney
D)Loretta Ford
Answer: C
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Page 5
Chapter 4: Ethical Foundations of Professional Nursing
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Q1) To what does the moral principle of nonmaleficence refer?
A)Truth telling
B)Duty to do no harm
C)Faithfulness
D)Doing good
Q2) To what does the moral principle of beneficence refer?
A)Truth telling
B)Duty to do no harm
C)Faithfulness
D)Doing good
Q3) Why are nurses valuable members of ethics committees?
A)They have more time to work on committees than many healthcare providers.
B)Their wages are lower than many disciplines so it is more cost effective.
C)They are direct and to the point and make decisions quickly.
D)They frequently have more contact with clients and families than other disciplines.
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Chapter 5: Legal Foundations of Professional Nursing
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which act requires that a copy of the client's advance health care directive be included in the client's medical record?
A)Good Samaritan Act
B)Americans with Disabilities Act
C)Patient Self-Determination Act
D)Nurse practice Act
Q2) What is true about certification in nursing?
A)It is the same as registration.
B)It is the same as credentialing.
C)It is voluntary.
D)It can be obtained only in maternal-child health.
Q3) The nurse educator asks the student whether the American Nurses Association supports striking as a strategy when collective bargaining breaks down.Which response,made by the student,reflects the best understanding of the ANA's position?
A)"No,the organization holds that striking is not professional."
B)"Only when no direct client care is delivered in the area affected by work stoppage."
C)"Only when the daily operation of the healthcare facility is not compromised."
D)"Yes,as a means of achieving economic and general welfare."
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Chapter 6: Remembering Development in Nursing
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Q1) Which option is the most general in the scope of nursing theories and looks at the nature of things?
A)Grand theory
B)Middle-range theory
C)A concept
D)Philosophy
Q2) What are the four concepts that have historically been identified as the focus of nursing theory?
A)Assessment,goals,interventions,and evaluation.
B)Pain,anxiety,stress,and fatigue.
C)Disease,death,care,and cure.
D)Person,environment,health,and nursing.
Q3) The nursing school's curriculum is based on Orem's self-care deficit theory of nursing.How would this curriculum describe nursing interventions designed for individuals who are unable to perform some (but not all)self-care activities?
A)Wholly compensatory
B)Partly compensatory
C)Supportive
D)Educative
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Page 8
Chapter 7: The Nurse As Health Promoter and Care Provider
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which level of prevention as defined by Leavell and Clark most closely reflects health promotion?
A)Primary
B)Secondary
C)Tertiary
D)None of the levels is related to health promotion
Q2) The nurse working to promote a client's health identifies that the client did not finish high school.Using Pender's Health-Promotion Model,the nurse classifies this information as which personal factor?
A)Biologic
B)Psychologic
C)Sociocultural
D)Affect
Q3) What is the outcome of a work-site health-promotion program for the company offering these classes to employees?
A)There is no benefit documented.
B)Employees report feeling coerced to attend.
C)Morale among employees often increases.
D)Absenteeism increases during classes.
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Page 9
Chapter 8: The Nurse As Learner and Teacher
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse is preparing a teaching session that focuses on Piaget's phases of cognitive development.In which order should the nurse present material about these phases?
A)Different viewpoints
B)Includes others in the environment.
C)Deductive and futuristic thinking and reasoning.
D)Discovery of new goals and ways to attain those goals.
Q2) Which theorist developed a learning theory based on humanism?
A)Rogers
B)Piaget
C)Skinner
D)Bandura
Q3) Who should be involved in the development of a nursing teaching plan?
A)Only the nurse-teacher
B)The nurse-teacher and the client's physician
C)Only the client-learner
D)Both the nurse-teacher and the client-learner
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Chapter 9: The Nurse As Leader and Manager
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which is true of primary nursing?
A)The nurse provides all care.
B)It is the same as primary care.
C)The nurse is responsible for total care of assigned clients.
D)The focus of the care is teaching the client about health and client advocacy.
Q2) What is true of a manager?
A)Has an assigned position in the formal organization.
B)Does not have delegated authority.
C)Emphasizes interpersonal relationships.
D)Directs willing followers.
Q3) What is the best way for the nurse to ensure control on the nursing unit?
A)Create tightly written job descriptions
B)Write extensive rules
C)Make certain that procedures are strict
D)Support continuous quality improvement activities
Q4) What is the definition of leadership?
A)Coordination and integration of resources.
B)Planning,organizing,directing,and controlling.
C)Process of influencing people to accomplish goals.
D)Accomplishing specific institutional goals and objectives.
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Chapter 10: The Nurses Role in Evidence-Based Health Care
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Sample Questions
Q1) The staff development instructor is preparing material to introduce the importance of research in nursing practice.In which order should the instructor explain the behaviors associated with nurses adopting evidence-based practice?
A)The innovation is used regularly
B)An attitude about the innovation is formed
C)Information about an innovation is learned
D)The innovation is either adopted or rejected
Q2) What is the final focus for nursing research?
A)Making a difference that matters for improving client care
B)Contributing to developing theory
C)Contributing to the body of scientific knowledge regarding nursing
D)Describing situations about which little is known
Q3) The physician leading a research study asks a client to participate and infers that unless the client agrees the physician will no longer provide medical care for the client.What client right is violated in this situation?
A)Right of self-determination
B)Right to full disclosure
C)Right not to be harmed
D)Right of privacy and confidentiality
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Page 12
Chapter 11: The Nurses Role in Quality and Safety
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Q1) The department of nursing has updated a policy that outlines actions that must be taken routinely to facilitate client safety.Which actions should be emphasized on this document? (Select all that apply. )
A)Mandatory reading back of all verbal orders.
B)Posting actions to take when preparing medications.
C)Implementing an algorithm identifying the punitive steps for client care errors.
D)Charge nurse to notify health care providers of critical morning laboratory values by 10 a.m.
E)Implementing a checklist for change of shift report,identifying critical information required.
Q2) The staff development trainer is preparing material as part of a teambuilding seminar.What should the trainer include in the teaching material? (Select all that apply. )
A)Importance of setting goals
B)Honoring individual talents
C)Strategies to support group cohesion
D)Methods to ensure good communication
E)Reviewing structure,process,and outcomes
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Chapter 12: The Nurses Role As Political Advocate
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which nurse used contacts with powerful men in government to obtain needed personnel and supplies for wounded soldiers in the Crimea?
A)Harriet Tubman
B)Florence Nightingale
C)Lillian Wald
D)Margaret Sanger
Q2) What is the most basic way for the nurse to influence government?
A)Joining the national nursing organization
B)Registering to vote and voting
C)Working on political campaigns
D)Engaging in personal lobbying
Q3) The nurse has been invited to an informal nursing networking meeting at a church close to the hospital where she works.What should the nurse expect to encounter at this meeting?
A)A requirement to pledge money to the group by paying dues.
B)A focus on getting to know the others attending.
C)Presence of the local television network's news anchor.
D)A plea to support the church by donating time to events.
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Chapter 13: The Nurse As Colleague and Collaborator
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurses on the unit have approached the nurse-manager with reports that a physician is abusive and rude in interactions with staff.The nurse-manager says,"Don't take the remarks personally and maybe they will stop." This is an example of which negotiation technique?
A)Forcing
B)Bargaining
C)Smoothing over
D)Avoidance
Q2) Which statement reflects a belief that is central to holistic,collaborative health care?
A)Interdisciplinary decisions are made about the client's care.
B)Collaboration involves questioning and ordering.
C)Responsibility for health falls on the client rather than on healthcare professionals.
D)Healthcare providers hold the best idea about what will meet the client's needs.
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15
Chapter 14: Communicating Effectively
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse sends an e-mail to the unit manager requesting a vacation day.The manager does not answer the e-mail and schedules the wrong day.Has a response to the original message occurred?
A)Yes;when the day was scheduled,the response occurred.
B)Yes;the action of not sending a reply to the e-mail was the response.
C)No;this scenario required an e-mail reply as a response.
D)No;the action taken has to be correct in order for a response to occur.
Q2) The nurse enters the client's room and asks the client a from the doorway.What distance is this considered?
A)Public
B)Social
C)Personal
D)Intimate
Q3) During a customer service meeting,a nurse says,"There are many connotations to the word customer." What does this statement mean?
A)The word is spelled differently in countries such as England and Australia.
B)The word has different dictionary definitions.
C)The word has different meanings depending upon personal experience.
D)The word is used in different ways by people of different cultures.
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Page 16
Chapter 15: Managing Change
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which statement explains the empirical-rational approach to planned change?
A)Using knowledge as the power ingredient and self-interest
B)Using command and control
C)Using sociocultural norms as the motivator
D)Using personalized 1:1 education
Q2) What are Lewin's steps of change?
A)Instruct,manage,and reward
B)Chaos,change,and control
C)Trust,autonomy,and initiative
D)Unfreezing,moving,and refreezing
Q3) In Lewin's Force Field Analysis Model,which two forces affect change?
A)Power and coercion
B)Driving forces and restraining forces
C)Reward and punishment
D)Discontentment and challenge
Q4) How should the nurse describe change?
A)Positive or negative,planned or unplanned
B)Prevented and managed
C)Negative,doesn't have to occur,easily managed
D)Difficult and always negative
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Chapter 16: Technology and Informatics
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Sample Questions
Q1) Nurses can be certified in nursing informatics through which organization?
A)American Nurses Credentialing Center (ANCC)
B)American Nurses Association (ANA)
C)The state board of nursing (BON)in which they have primary residence
D)Any accredited master of nursing (MSN)program
Q2) What do requirements for certification as an informatics nurse include?
A)A minimum of a baccalaureate degree in nursing or relevant field
B)An advanced practice license
C)A minimum of an associate degree in nursing
D)A master's degree in nursing
Q3) Which is an ethical concern of nursing informatics?
A)Maintaining confidentiality and privacy
B)Values clarification exercises
C)Providing end-of-life care
D)Cost accountability
Q4) What does the Health on the Net Foundation (HON)code of conduct address?
A)Patient respect
B)Nurse conduct
C)Credibility of information on the World Wide Web
D)Reliability of information posted on PDAs
Page 18
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Chapter 17: Nursing in an Evolving Health Care Delivery System
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Sample Questions
Q1) What do diagnosis-related groups (DRGs)establish?
A)The nursing care plan
B)Pretreatment diagnosis billing categories and fee schedule
C)Private health insurance premiums
D)The need for the primary care physician to be consulted
Q2) How does the World Health Organization define health?
A)Physical fitness and positive self-concept
B)A state of complete physical,mental,and social well-being
C)Being well
D)The absence of disease
Q3) What should a nurse working in a public nonprofit hospital understand?
A)The hospital is publicly traded on the New York Stock Exchange.
B)The hospital provides care only if the patient has the ability to pay.
C)Federal,state,or local governments govern this type of hospital.
D)The hospital is owned by a voluntary board of trustees.
Q4) To what does resource management for nurses refer?
A)Licensure of RNs
B)Hiring of personnel
C)Evidence-based practice
D)Cost-effective approaches to quality care
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Chapter 18: Providing Care in Home and Community
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Q1) What would be included in the assessment of the recreation subsystem of a community? (Select all that apply. )
A)The air and water quality
B)Where children play
C)The number of libraries
D)Who participates in sports programs
E)Gyms and pools
Q2) The administrator of a healthcare-related business published the following position description online:
Wanted: Are you a registered nurse with maternal-child,pediatric,or adult medical-surgical experience? If so,consider a position with ABC Agency.We have several positions available to provide care to patients in their homes and to provide care in neighborhood clinics.Call XXX-XXX-XXXX for more information. Which type of nursing practice is being advertised?
A)Public health
B)Population health
C)Community-based
D)Community-oriented
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Page 20
Chapter 19: Global Health
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Sample Questions
Q1) An individual trained as a nurse in South Africa has set a personal goal to practicing nursing in the United States.What issue should this person be prepared to address to meet this personal goal?
A)Converting U.S.money
B)Comparable skill level
C)Living accommodations
D)Transportation to the hospital
Q2) A group of community members are diagnosed with a chronic illness affecting the same body system.What should the nurse consider as social determinants of health that contributed to the development of the disease process in these individuals? (Select all that apply. )
A)Age
B)Housing
C)Gender at birth
D)Community violence
E)Office location of employment
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Chapter 20: Dimensions of Holistic Health Care
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Q1) A patient takes herbal medicines,vitamins,and eats only whole or organic foods.Based on this information,what is this patient practicing?
A)Mind-body alternative therapies
B)Biologically-based alternative therapies
C)Manipulative body-based alternative therapies
D)Energy alternative therapies
Q2) Herbs,vitamins,and organic whole foods are what complementary and alternative medicine category-based therapies?
A)Biologically-based
B)Energy
C)Manipulative body-based
D)Mind-body
Q3) School nurses often teach about sun protection and give instruction on healthy eating.What do these actions exemplify?
A)Primary prevention
B)Secondary prevention
C)Tertiary prevention
D)Preventive care
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22
Chapter 21: Nursing in a Culturally Diverse World
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Q1) A client of Hispanic descent has just delivered her fourth child,and avoids cold beverages and foods because she believes she must eat hot or warm foods and beverages and not allow herself to chill.Which health belief view is this client demonstrating?
A)Biomedical
B)Holistic
C)Magico-religious
D)Folk medicine
Q2) After learning of a diagnosis of pancreatic cancer the client begins to cry and asks "What have I done wrong? Why did God do this to me?" This statement reflects which health belief view?
A)Biomedical
B)Holistic
C)Magico-religious
D)Folk medicine
Q3) What can be stated regarding diversity in the United States?
A)Diversity is decreasing in the United States.
B)Diversity is increasing in the United States.
C)Diversity is relatively stable in the United States.
D)There has been no change in diversity within the last 40 years.
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Q1) The nurse using Westerhoff's stages of faith should place a 13-year-old patient in which stage?
A)Experienced faith
B)New faith
C)Owned faith
D)Affiliative faith
Q2) On what is the holistic health belief view based?
A)The belief that supernatural forces control illness
B)The belief that human life is one aspect of nature
C)The belief that when one's natural balance or harmony is disturbed,illness results
D)The belief that illness results from being bad
E)The belief that forces of nature must be maintained in balance or harmony
Q3) In Westerhoff's stage of affiliative faith,what does an individual do?
A)Participates in activities that characterize a particular faith tradition
B)Puts faith into personal and social action
C)Acquires a cognitive as well as an affective faith
D)Experiences faith through interaction with others who are living a particular faith tradition
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Chapter 23: Nursing in a Culture of Violence
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Q1) What must be done when assessing an injured patient? (Select all that apply. )
A)Ensure privacy
B)Be alert for signs of abuse
C)Provide safety
D)Assert personal values
E)Display a nonjudgmental demeanor
Q2) Which is true about who perpetrates most intimate partner abuse against whom?
A)By men against other men
B)By men against women
C)By caregivers against elders
D)By adults against children
Q3) What behavior should the nurse demonstrate when caring for victims of abuse?
A)Distant
B)Authoritarian
C)Nonjudgmental
D)Judgmental
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Chapter 24: Advanced Nursing Education and Practice
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Q1) What did Dr.Loretta Ford and Dr.Henry Silver at the University of Colorado develop first?
A)Clinical specialist role
B)Graduate program in nursing
C)Nurse practitioner role
D)Group practice
Q2) What is the first step in selecting a graduate program to attend?
A)Determining geographic availability of programs
B)Seeking financial aid
C)Identifying clear professional career goals
D)Modifying one's work schedule
Q3) A nurse with mental health experience wants to return to school for a graduate degree to teach Psychiatric Nursing at the local nursing college.To be qualified to teach,what master's degree should this nurse obtain?
A)Psychology
B)Nursing
C)Education
D)Mental health nursing
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26
Chapter 25: The Future of Nursing
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Q1) In the new paradigm of wellness and prevention,what is true regarding nurses? (Select all that apply. )
A)As "models of good health," some nurses will have to adopt healthier behaviors and lifestyles.
B)Nurses will have to keep abreast of the most recent prevention and treatment research.
C)The nurse will be the primary person who works to help individuals stay well and do things to promote health.
D)Nurses will need to learn more about nutrition,exercise,and vitamin replacement.
E)All nurses will need a bachelor's degree to enter practice.
Q2) In an attempt to contain the staffing budget the nurse manager may introduce:
A)Advanced practice nurses
B)Cross training of nursing staff
C)Longer work days
D)Nurses with bachelor degrees
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