Nursing Research
Mock Exam
Course Introduction
Nursing Research is a foundational course that explores the principles, processes, and methods of scientific inquiry as they apply to the nursing profession. Students learn to critically analyze research studies, understand basic statistics, and apply evidence-based practice to improve patient outcomes. The course emphasizes problem identification, development of research questions or hypotheses, research design, data collection, analysis, and ethical considerations in conducting research with human subjects. It prepares nursing students to utilize research findings in clinical settings and to contribute to the advancement of the profession through scholarly inquiry and evidence-based care.
Recommended Textbook
Nursing Research 8th Edition by
Geri LoBiondoWood
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535 Verified Questions
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Integrating Research, Evidence-Based Practice, and Quality Improvement Processes
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of these actions demonstrates the role of a knowledgeable consumer of nursing research?
A) Designing a nursing research study
B) Analyzing data to determine a study's outcomes
C) Evaluating the credibility of research findings
D) Implementing an intervention found to be effective in one clinical case study
Answer: C
Q2) The nurse is using the critical reading process to analyze a research article. The nurse is using a list of criteria to determine how well the researcher performed each step of the research process. The nurse is using a strategy to promote which type of understanding?
A) Preliminary
B) Comprehensive
C) Analysis
D) Synthesis
Answer: C
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Chapter 2: Research Questions, Hypotheses, and Clinical Questions
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Q1) Which of these statements is correctly phrased as a clinical question for evidence-based practice?
A) What is the best method to insert an enteral feeding tube in an adult patient?
B) Are there differences in the characteristics of various brands of enteral feeding tubes?
C) In addition to aspiration, what are the most problematic complications of enteral tube feedings?
D) What method of determining stomach placement of enteral feeding tubes helps to prevent aspiration in adult patients?
Answer: D
Q2) A nurse researcher proposes a study of teenage mothers and their experience with postpartum depression. Which of these considerations would affect the feasibility of the study?
A) Availability of participants
B) Direction of the hypotheses
C) Gaps in the literature
D) Design of the study
Answer: A
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4
Chapter 3: Gathering and Appraising the Literature
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Q1) What is considered to be essential to a thorough and relevant review of the literature?
A) Use of both published and unpublished sources
B) Critical evaluation of mainly primary sources
C) Liberal use of secondary sources
D) Evaluation of both quantitative and qualitative sources
Answer: B
Q2) Which objective of a review of the literature is unique to a review for research purposes, rather than a review for evidence-based practice?
A) Discover conceptual frameworks used to examine problems
B) Generate useful research questions and hypotheses
C) Determine what is unknown about a subject, as well as what requires clarification
D) Uncover a new practice intervention or gain support for current interventions and policies
Answer: B
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5
Chapter 4: Theoretical Frameworks for Research
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Sample Questions
Q1) When critiquing a research study's theoretical framework, the nurse should keep in mind which information? (Select all that apply.)
A) Theoretical frameworks guide hypothesis formulation in qualitative and quantitative research studies.
B) Theoretical frameworks can be implicitly or explicitly stated in a research report.
C) A theoretical framework of a nursing research study must be based on nursing theories or models.
D) A theoretical framework may not be identified in all types of nursing research.
Q2) How is a model related to a concept or concepts?
A) A model tests conceptual theories.
B) A concept defines the purpose of a model.
C) Relationships between or among concepts are demonstrated in a model.
D) Concepts generate the theoretical basis for knowledge depicted in a model.
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6
Chapter 5: Introduction to Qualitative Research
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Q1) Which type of clinical application of qualitative research would help a nurse describe the trajectory of an illness?
A) Insight or empathy
B) Assessment of status or progress
C) Anticipatory guidance
D) Coaching
Q2) How does the nurse researcher know when data saturation has been reached?
A) When the participants all agree on the themes derived from the study
B) When the ideas or information coming from new participants have been expressed previously by other participants
C) When the emerging themes are congruent with those developed as a result of previous studies of the same phenomenon
D) When the participants are no longer interested or willing to discuss their experiences or feelings
Q3) Which description is typical of a qualitative research study?
A) Deductive reasoning is used.
B) Truth is a subject's perception of reality.
C) Sample size is determined before the study begins.
D) One or more variables are measured in a context-free setting.
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Page 7
Chapter 6: Qualitative Approaches to Research
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Q1) Which title suggests an ethnographic study?
A) The phenomenon of breast self-examination among African American women
B) The lived experience of breast cancer in postmenopausal women
C) The need for culturally sensitive cancer prevention patient education materials
D) The challenge of retaining femininity after mastectomy
Q2) Which research question is appropriate for a grounded theory approach?
A) How do incarcerated prisoners interact with fellow prisoners who are known pedophiles?
B) How do Native American teenage girls select a method of contraception?
C) What percent of primary education teachers also have a degree in nursing?
D) How is the total number of clinical hours in a nursing program related to National Council Licensure Examination (NCLEX) pass rates?
Q3) Which factor in a research report indicates that the study used a qualitative design?
A) Hypotheses are stated.
B) The sample is described as convenient.
C) People who participated in the study are described as informants.
D) Participants completed a questionnaire to measure their understanding of the topic.
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Chapter 7: Appraising Qualitative Research
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Q1) What information in the report of a qualitative research study indicates to the nurse that the research meets the criterion of auditability?
A) The study's participants recognize the experience described as their own.
B) The results are meaningful to individuals beyond those in the study population.
C) The projected significance of the study to nursing is described.
D) The researcher documented how the data led to the conclusions.
Q2) Which outcome or overall purpose would be consistent with a qualitative study?
A) Development of creative solutions to practical problems
B) Prediction and control of a human phenomenon
C) Description of behavior within a context-free theoretical framework
D) Use of statistical analyses to determine significant differences between variables
Q3) The nurse is critiquing a qualitative research study. Which question would be appropriate for the nurse to ask when critiquing the study's credibility?
A) Has adequate time been allowed to fully understand the phenomenon?
B) Are the results meaningful to individuals not involved in the research?
C) Does the investigator document the research process?
D) What is the projected significance of the research to nursing?
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Chapter 8: Introduction to Quantitative Research
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Q1) A nurse is designing a study to determine whether a videotape or a written pamphlet is more effective in teaching young women how to perform breast self-examination (BSE). Which of these actions would provide the best control for a mediating variable?
A) Include identical content in both BSE teaching methods
B) Exclude subjects who already perform BSE on a regular basis
C) Limit the study subjects to women who are heterosexual
D) Determine what breast cancer means to the individual participants
Q2) A nurse researcher is planning to write a proposal for a research study using a quantitative design. To maintain control in the study, the nurse should include which elements? (Select all that apply.)
A) Valid, reliable collection methods
B) Subjects of all ages
C) Trained data collectors
D) Standardized data collection processes
E) Analysis of data by words or text only
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Chapter 9: Experimental and Quasi-Experimental Designs
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Q1) In which way is the independent variable handled differently in a study with a true experimental design compared with a study with a quasi-experimental design?
A) An experimental design requires an independent variable, whereas a quasi-experimental design neither identifies nor requires an independent variable.
B) Although both designs identify an independent variable, the nature of the groups (randomized versus nonrandomized) means that manipulation may result in different results.
C) Experimental designs demonstrate that the independent variable is related to the outcome, and quasi-experimental studies allow for independent variables that stand alone.
D) Although both designs identify an independent variable, experimental designs identify it before the research is initiated, whereas quasi-experimental designs identify it after the data are analyzed.
Q2) In a true experimental study, the control group is the group that does what?
A) Receives the experimental treatment
B) Receives the placebo treatment
C) Experiences the adverse results
D) Experiences the reactive effects
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Chapter 10: Nonexperimental Designs
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Q1) How does an experimental research design differ from a nonexperimental research design?
A) Experimental designs allow observation of a phenomenon as it naturally occurs, and nonexperimental designs permit environmental manipulation.
B) Nonexperimental designs manipulate the dependent variable, and experimental designs manipulate the independent variable.
C) Nonexperimental designs attempt to test differences among variables, and experimental designs attempt to establish cause-and-effect relationships.
D) Experimental designs are scientific, and nonexperimental designs have no scientific basis.
Q2) What study design allows study participants to serve as their own controls, allowing early trends in the data to emerge?
A) Cross-sectional
B) Ex post facto
C) Retrospective
D) Longitudinal
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12
Chapter 11: Systematic Reviews and Clinical Practice Guidelines
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Q1) ___ references and tables
Q2) ___ implications for research and practice
Q3) ___ methods for selecting studies for review
Q4) ___ type of studies reviewed
Q5) What is known to contain bibliographic information on articles and books on reviewing research and methodological studies?
A) Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
B) Database of Abstracts of Review of Effects
C) Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials
D) Cochrane Methodology Register
Q6) What terms means a summation and assessment of research studies found in the literature based on a clearly focused question?
A) Meta-analysis
B) Systematic review
C) Cochrane collaboration
D) Integrative review
Q7) ____ types of participants
Q8) ___ plain language summary
Q9) ___ background of the question Page 13
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Page 14
Chapter 12: Sampling
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Q1) Which type of sampling is most at risk for sample bias?
A) Quota
B) Random
C) Purposive
D) Convenience
Q2) A nurse researcher should be concerned about establishing clear eligibility criteria for inclusion in a study sample because such criteria will do what?
A) Increase the homogeneity of the sample
B) Decrease the homogeneity of the sample
C) Increase the size of the sample
D) Decrease the size of the sample
Q3) What can a nurse researcher use to restrict the study population to homogeneous groups of subjects?
A) Sampling
B) Self-selection
C) Eligibility criteria
D) Defining study limitations
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Chapter 13: Legal and Ethical Issues
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Q1) What is the basic human right that is violated when a nurse researcher allows an unauthorized person access to study data containing information about subject identity and responses?
A) Justice
B) Beneficence
C) Confidentiality
D) Respect for persons
Q2) The nurse researcher is planning a research study that will use human subjects and their choice to participate in a specific treatment. The ethical principle that describes a prospective subject's freedom to choose whether or not to participate in the research study is what?
A) Justice
B) Beneficence
C) Confidentiality
D) Respect for persons
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16
Chapter 14: Data Collection Methods
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Sample Questions
Q1) Two data collectors scored pressure ulcers similarly using the Braden Scale for pressure ulcer assessment. This finding indicates what?
A) Interrater reliability between the two data collectors was high.
B) Interrater reliability between the two data collectors was low.
C) The data collection method was inappropriate for the investigation.
D) Interrater reliability cannot be established without the two data collectors examining each pressure ulcer together at the same time.
Q2) Which observational role would be most appropriate if the nurse researcher wants to identify maternal response behaviors to cries of infants with colic?
A) Concealment with intervention
B) Concealment without intervention
C) No concealment with intervention
D) No concealment without intervention
Q3) Which data collection method is most vulnerable to researcher bias?
A) Questionnaires
B) Available data
C) Observation methods
D) Physiologic measurement
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17
Chapter 15: Reliability and Validity
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Q1) What is the significance of concurrent validity to a nurse researcher?
A) The degree of correlation between the measure of the concept and some future measure of the same concept
B) The degree of correlation of two measures of the same concept administered at the same time
C) The extent to which a test measures a theoretical construct or trait
D) The representativeness of the items to measure a specific concept
Q2) The reliability coefficient of a new instrument is established at 0.86. The nurse researcher should interpret this finding to mean what?
A) High error variance; high reliability
B) High error variance; low reliability
C) Low error variance; high reliability
D) Low error variance; low reliability
Q3) The nurse researcher notes that test-retest correlations were r = 0.79 when given over 4-week intervals. This is interpreted to indicate what?
A) Equivalence
B) Discriminability
C) Reliability
D) Homogeneity
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Page 18
Chapter 16: Data Analysis: Descriptive and Inferential Statistics
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Q1) The nurse researcher opts to use a measure of variability. Which measure of variability does the researcher recognize as being most unstable?
A) Mean
B) Median
C) Range
D) Semiquartile range
Q2) Which statements regarding measures of central tendency are accurate? (Select all that apply.)
A) This classification of levels of measurement is scientifically inaccurate.
B) Having the mean, mode, and median exactly the same indicates the measures have been correctly applied.
C) They have great flexibility with regard to the amount of mathematical manipulation possible.
D) They vary from sample to sample, even when the same trait or characteristic is measured.
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Chapter 17: Understanding Research Findings
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Q1) Which section of the report allows the nurse researcher to determine if data collection was consistent?
A) Results
B) Discussion
C) Literature review
D) Methods
Q2) Which section of the report allows a nurse researcher to review critical summary numbers for each test?
A) Results
B) Discussion
C) Literature review
D) Methods
Q3) Tables and figures assist in presenting the findings of studies by doing what? (Select all that apply.)
A) Supplementing the text
B) Repeating the text
C) Representing the results
D) Reproducing the results
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Chapter 18: Appraising Quantitative Research
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Q1) A nurse researcher is critically appraising a research report and asks the question "Is a rationale given for the selection of a particular instrument or method?" Which data collection methods and procedures would this question evaluate?
A) Physiologic measurement
B) Interviews
C) Available data records
D) Observation
Q2) How could the sample selection procedures used in a research study investigating the levels of depression occurring in blind and sighted adolescents make the sample of blind adolescents more homogeneous?
A) Eliminate subjects taking prescription medications
B) Narrow the age range of subjects to those between 13 and 18 years
C) Have the same person administer the questionnaire to all subjects
D) Avoid telling the subjects the nature of the study
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21
Chapter 19: Strategies and Tools for Developing an
Evidence-Based Practice
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Q1) Skills needed to consult the literature and answer a clinical question are known as what?
A) Informatics
B) Database searching
C) Information literacy
D) Evidence-based practice (EBP)
Q2) What order would be most appropriate for these statements involving development of a focused clinical question, progressing from lowest level to highest level?
A-What is the population of interest?
B-To what will this intervention be compared?
C-What is the intervention of interest?
D-How will the intervention make things better or worse?
A) A, B, C, D
B) D, C, B, A
C) D, B, C, A
D) A, C, B, D
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Chapter 20: Developing an Evidence-Based Practice
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Q1) The characteristics of an opinion leader from the local peer group include what? (Select all that apply.)
A) Considered by associates as technically competent
B) Viewed as a respected source of influence
C) Narrow but clearly defined sphere of influence
D) Trusted to evaluate new information in the context of group norms
E) Full and dedicated member of the local group
Q2) For an EBP project to succeed in improving practice, what type of team is warranted? (Select all that apply.)
A) Physician
B) Stakeholder
C) Interdisciplinary team
D) Psychologist
Q3) ___ establish content validity of data collection forms
Q4) ___ use data to assist staff in modifying or integrating the evidence-based practice change
Q5) ___ determine baseline and follow-up sample sizes
Q6) ___ determine methods and frequency of data collection
Q7) ___ collect data at specified intervals
Q8) ___ train data collectors
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Chapter 21: Quality Improvement
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Q1) Increased ability to create value for both parties
A)Customer focus/patient focus
B)Leadership
C)Involvement of people
D)Process approach
E)System approach to management
F)Continual improvement
G)Factual approach to decision making
H)Mutually beneficial supplier relationships
Q2) Miscommunication between organization levels are minimized.
A)Customer focus/patient focus
B)Leadership
C)Involvement of people
D)Process approach
E)System approach to management
F)Continual improvement
G)Factual approach to decision making
H)Mutually beneficial supplier relationships
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