Nursing Policy and Advocacy Test Bank
Course Introduction
Nursing Policy and Advocacy explores the vital role nurses play in shaping healthcare policies and advocating for patients, communities, and the nursing profession. This course examines the policy-making process at local, national, and global levels, highlighting the impact of legislation, regulation, and ethics on healthcare delivery. Students will develop skills in policy analysis, learn strategies for effective advocacy, and explore current issues influencing healthcare reform. Emphasis is placed on empowering nurses to become leaders and change agents who advance health equity and promote quality care through active engagement in policy development and advocacy initiatives.
Recommended Textbook
Nursing Now! Todays Issues Tomorrows Trends 6th Edition by Joseph T. Catalano
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26 Chapters
618 Verified Questions
618 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: The Development of the Profession
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16 Verified Questions
16 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is the best method for nurses to prepare for future professional practice?
A)Take additional courses in the use of computers.
B)Understand and explore the issues involved in professionalism as nurses.
C)Accept that nursing is a profession.
D)Cross-train with other health-care providers, such as physical therapists, laboratory technicians, and radiologists.
Answer: B
Q2) Which statement is the best description of a profession from the "power approach" method of defining a profession?
A)The members of the profession attain all the traits required for that profession.
B)The members of the profession have high income levels.
C)The profession is near the end of its developmental process.
D)The education for the members of the profession must be attained in graduate schools.
Answer: B
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3
Chapter 2: Historical Perspectives
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18 Verified Questions
18 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) List the following civilizations in their correct time sequence.
____ Greek Empire
____ Ancient Hebrews
____ Roman Empire
____ Egyptian Empire
____ Taoism
Answer: 5, 4, 2, 1, 3
5 4 2 1 3
Q2) Which problem had the most effect on nursing education during the 1920s and 1930s?
A)Too many college-based schools of nursing
B)A lack of qualified nursing instructors
C)Too many nursing students from the lower and middle classes
D)Not enough demand for educated nurses
Answer: B
Q3) The Dark Ages brought the advent of _____________________that were composed exclusively of men who wore suits of armor to protect themselves and their hospitals.
Answer: military nursing orders
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Page 4
Chapter 3: The Evolution of Licensure, Certification, and Nursing Organizations
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20 Verified Questions
20 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Select all the items that are correct concerning the New York State Licensure Bill of 1904.
A)Required hospitals to accept nursing students for training
B)Required nursing schools to be registered with the state board of regents
C)Formulated rules for the examination of nurses
D)Established the minimum length of basic nursing programs at 1 year
E)Established a State Board of Nursing
Answer: B, C, E
Q2) The primary driving force in the history of the development of licensure for nurses was _____________________of nursing care and protection of the public.Multiple Response
Identify one or more choices that best complete the statement or answer the question. Answer: inconsistent quality
Q3) What is the primary goal of the National Student Nurses Organization?
A)Changing curricula in schools of nursing to allow more students to graduate
B)Eliminating poor and unprofessional nursing professors from schools of nursing
C)Maintaining high standards of education in schools of nursing
D)Keeping unqualified students from entering the profession
Answer: C
Page 5
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Chapter 4: Theories and Models of Nursing
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Sample Questions
Q1) Identify the primary goal of nursing in the Orem Self-Care Model.
A)Reestablish the absolute state of health the client had before his or her illness.
B)Help the client conduct self-care activities to reach the highest level of functioning.
C)Prevent further injury to the client's biosystems.
D)Help balance technological care with humanistic aspects of care.
Q2) Select all the elements from the list below that are considered to be key to the King model of nursing.
A) Action
B) Transaction
C) Rejection
D) Feedback
E) Teaching
F) Interaction
Q3) What belief forms the basis for the Orem Self-Care Model?
A)The nurse helps the client adapt to his or her illness.
B)The primary goal of health care is cure of the client.
C)Health care is the responsibility of each individual.
D)Health-care goals must be established for each client.
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Chapter 5: The Process of Educating Nurses
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22 Verified Questions
22 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Select all the elements from the list below that were found as assumptions in the ANA Position Paper on Nursing Education.
A)Nursing education should meet the increasing need for nurses as quickly as possible.
B)The professional practitioner is responsible for the nature and quality of all nursing care clients receive.
C)Education for those in the health-care professions must increase in depth and breadth as scientific knowledge expands.
D)Community colleges are able to prepare nurses just as well as 4-year colleges.
E)The demand for the services of nurses will continue to increase.
Q2) What is a type of nursing education program that is conducted in junior and community colleges that is nominally 2 years in length?
A)Diploma program
B)Baccalaureate program
C)Associate degree program
D)Professional nursing program
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Chapter 6: Critical Thinking
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Sample Questions
Q1) Nurses who are not influenced by others with strong opinions are using ________________critical thinking.
Q2) Identify the primary distinction between nursing diagnosis and medical diagnosis.
A)Nursing diagnosis is based on information gathered from the assessment of the client.
B)Medical diagnosis identifies client care problems that affect the whole client.
C)Nursing diagnosis identifies client problems that nurses can treat independently.
D)Medical diagnosis is vague and confusing.
Q3) If all of these goals were appropriate for a client, which would have the highest priority?
A)Prevent injury from falls caused by confusion
B)Re-establish the role as primary provider for the family
C)Improve body image after leg amputation
D)Control postoperative bleeding
Q4) A ________________is generally defined as an error in reasoning that leads to a conclusion that does not follow from its premises.
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Chapter 7: Ethics in Nursing
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20 Verified Questions
20 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Identify the best method for a nurse to acknowledge a client's autonomy.
A)Follow only the instructions of the client's family.
B)Know and understand the state's laws that address living wills.
C)Use the ethical principle of "best interest" when making decisions about the client's care needs.
D)Incorporate the ethical principle of paternalism into all client care activities.
Q2) What is best described as the concepts, ideals, behaviors, and significant themes that give meaning to a person's life?
A)Morals
B)Values
C)Laws
D)Ethics
Q3) What is the first step in the ethical decision-making process?
A)Consider the alternatives.
B)Collect, analyze, and interpret the data.
C)Consider the consequences of the actions.
D)Make a decision.
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Chapter 8: Bioethical Issues
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Sample Questions
Q1) The ethical principle of _____________________requires nurses to provide care for all clients, including clients who are HIV positive.
Q2) The essential ethical principle of ________________is the legal and ethical foundation for the use of advanced directives.
Q3) What are the primary ethical issues involved in genetic research?
A)Production of mutant organisms and dangerous diseases
B)Violations of confidentiality and informed consent
C)Breeding of a "super-race" of humans because of purification of genetic material
D)Loss of control of reproduction by the human species
Q4) A physician writes a "do not resuscitate" order for a competent client. Which individual may give permission for this order?
A)The client's spouse
B)The client's only child
C)The client
D)Any close blood-related relative
Q5) As a general ethical principle, ________________and ________________should be excluded from the selection of an organ transplant recipient.
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Chapter 9: Nursing Law and Liability
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26 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) In which situation is the nurse allowed to breech a client's right of confidentiality?
A)A local politician is admitted after an automobile accident in which he was inebriated.
B)An 18-year-old unwed teenager seeks an abortion at an abortion clinic.
C)A 32-year-old housewife comes to the emergency room for care after being raped in a parking lot.
D)An important member of the business community is treated for cuts and bruises after a fight with his neighbor.
Q2) When someone is accused of violating a ____________________, the government at the county, city, state, or federal level imposes appropriate punishments.Multiple Response
Identify one or more choices that best complete the statement or answer the question.
Q3) Identify the situation in which a nurse would likely be charged with negligence.
A)Slapping a client across the face for using foul language
B)Leaving the side rails down on a bed of a confused client
C)Using restraints on a client without a doctor's order
D)Telling the local newspaper of a client's diagnosis
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Chapter 10: How to Take and Pass Tests
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74 Verified Questions
74 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Select the best time for the nurse to administer a PRN dose of morphine sulfate, 5 mg IV, to a client who is experiencing leg pain after an open reduction for a fractured femur.
A)When the pain is in the moderate to severe range
B)When the pain first starts, before it becomes severe
C)No more than every 6 hours to prevent morphine addiction
D)Regularly every 4 hours
Q2) Using crisis intervention theory in the care of a 26-year-old woman who was raped 1 week ago, select the intervention by the nurse that best achieves successful treatment.
A)Preventing rape trauma syndrome
B)Helping the woman grow to a higher level of functioning
C)Referring the woman to a rape victims' group therapy session
D)Restoring the woman to her pre-rape level of functioning
Q3) Select the instruction by the nurse that is most helpful in relieving the pain from an episiotomy in a 1-day postpartum client.
A)Increase fluid intake to 2000 mL per day.
B)Keep the head of the bed elevated 45 degrees.
C)Apply an ice pack to your perineum.
D)Use a sitz bath twice a day.
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Chapter 11: Nclex: What You Need to Know
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121 Verified Questions
121 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Choose the dietary recommendations that are most appropriate for the nurse to make to a client who was diagnosed with hypoparathyroidism.
A)Increase your intake of vitamin D and calcium.
B)Increase your intake of potassium and iron.
C)Decrease your intake of calcium and phosphate.
D)Increase your intake of folic acid and decrease your intake of sodium.
Q2) Choose the nursing action that is most appropriate for the collection of a stool specimen from a 3-year-old child who has had diarrhea for the past 4 days.
A)Use a preservative solution after the specimen is obtained.
B)Store the specimen in the refrigerator until it can be taken to the lab.
C)Place the specimen in a sterile container.
D)Collect an entire stool.
Q3) A 28-year-old woman is diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Select the discharge instructions by the nurse that best help prevent exacerbation of the disease.
A)Avoid using birth control pills and stay out of the bright sun.
B)Make sure to take your penicillin and sulfa antibiotics as prescribed.
C)Avoid foods that are high in potassium and protein.
D)Once you go into remission, you can stop taking your prednisone.
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Page 13
Chapter 12: Reality Shock in the Workplace
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20 Verified Questions
20 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which personality characteristics would make a person more susceptible to burnout?
A)Average intelligence, procrastinator, poor health
B)Above average intelligence, idealistic, perfectionist
C)Below average intelligence, procrastinator, excellent health
D)Average motivation level, high income, idealistic
Q2) Which activity tends to increase nurses' satisfaction during work?
A)Multitasking to complete all assigned work
B)Taking time to talk with clients about their needs
C)Doing all important tasks themselves to make sure they are done correctly
D)Putting off difficult activities until the end of the shift
Q3) How can a nursing student best lessen role conflict after graduation?
A)Become involved in an internship between the junior and senior years in nursing school.
B)Avoid contact with nurses in the hospital because they have a very negative attitude.
C)Seek psychological counseling with a qualified psychotherapist.
D)Discuss emotions and feelings about nursing school with other nursing students at least once a week.
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Chapter 13: Principles of Leadership and Management
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22 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which objective best indicates that a vice president for nursing services has a good understanding of methods to decrease staff turnover rate?
A)Postdischarge questionnaires will show increased levels of client satisfaction.
B)During the next 6 months, attrition rates will be the national average.
C)During the next 3 months, retention rates will increase by 10%.
D)Nurses will feel more control over their work environment.
Q2) Identify a typical response for a manager who uses the laissez-faire approach to leadership when faced with a difficult decision.
A)Consult with the coworkers on the best way to resolve the problem.
B)Make the tough decision by himself or herself and accept the responsibility.
C)Appeal to a higher authority to make the decision.
D)Postpone making the decision in the hopes that it will resolve itself.
Q3) What is the primary drawback to using the trait theory of management in developing management skills?
A)It does not take into account how the person responds in specific situations.
B)A person has to have all the traits in order to be an effective manager.
C)Only persons with many years of experience can master the required traits.
D)It is not reflective of the traits that are required for management.
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Chapter 14: Communicating Successfully
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which behavior indicates that a nurse who is forced to confront a conflict situation is using a submissive approach to communication?
A)Sets up a one-on-one meeting at a specific time
B)Confronts the other person loudly and in front of an audience
C)Refers the problem to a supervisor
D)Uses the incident as a threat
Q2) Identify an important communication difference between men and women.
A)Men have a larger and better-developed vocabulary at an earlier age than women.
B)Women prefer the face-to-face communication style.
C)Men prefer close proximity when communicating important information.
D)Women tend to be more physical when communicating.
Q3) Identify an important characteristic of informal norms found in most nursing units.
A)Expressed clearly so that everyone knows what is expected
B)Promulgated through memos
C)Unclear but often used for informal evaluation of work behaviors
D)Logical and well organized
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16
Chapter 15: Incivility: the Antithesis of Caring
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10 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) What action would contribute most in preventing experienced nurses from "eating their young"?
A)Punishing experienced nurses with extra shifts for displaying incivility to new graduates
B)Keeping new graduate nurses segregated as much as possible from hostile experienced nurses until they gain more on-the-job experience
C)Providing in-service training sessions for experienced nurses on civility
D)Teaching new nurses to be more assertive and to express their opinions without fear
Q2) What has been identified as a key element to effective education of nursing students?
A)A feeling of personal safety in the classroom setting
B)Low stress levels produced by decreased work assignments
C)Permitting students to use cell phones during classes
D)High-quality interpersonal relationships between students and teachers
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Chapter 16: Delegation in Nursing
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Sample Questions
Q1) Because of short staffing in the intensive care unit (ICU), a labor and delivery nurse is floated to the unit. Identify the most appropriate assignment for this nurse.
A)A 36-year-old woman with steroid-induced cardiomyopathy
B)An 85-year-old man in cardiogenic shock
C)A 3-year-old girl with an accidental overdose of acetaminophen (Tylenol)
D)A 23-year-old man with malignant hypertension
Q2) When a nurse delegates a task, who is responsible for ensuring that the task was completed as assigned?
A)The person to whom the task was delegated
B)The physician who ordered the task
C)The nurse manager
D)The nurse who delegated the task
Q3) Identify the task that may be delegated to an LPN (LVN) if all the clients are stable.
A)Adding potassium to a bag of D5W that was already hanging
B)Developing the nursing diagnosis for a newly admitted client
C)Teaching a new diabetic patient how to administer insulin injections
D)Turning a client with a CVA every 2 hours
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Page 18
Chapter 17: Governance and Collective Bargaining
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Sample Questions
Q1) Identify the most important element to look for in a good contract.
A)Description of the official bargaining group
B)Description of the benefits included in the contract, such as wages, overtime pay, and holidays
C)Description of what is expected of the professional
D)Timeframe for the implementation of the contract
Q2) What is the primary role of the American Nurses Association (ANA) in relation to collective bargaining?
A)It is the primary bargaining unit for nurses across the country.
B)It is opposed to collective bargaining by nurses because it is unprofessional.
C)It recommends that nurses join powerful unions such as the AFL-CIO to maximize their power.
D)It actively supports the state nursing associations (SNAs) to function as bargaining agents.
Q3) If mediation fails, the Federal Mediation and Conciliation Service may appoint a ________________to investigate the conflict and make recommendations.Multiple Response
Identify one or more choices that best complete the statement or answer the question.
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Chapter 18: Health-Care Delivery Systems
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27 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Identify a type of care delivery model that focuses on the whole person and gives the nurse responsibility for all of the client's nursing needs.
A)Modular nursing
B)Team nursing
C)Primary care nursing
D)Functional nursing
Q2) Identify where diagnosis-related groups (DRGs) are primarily used.
A)Private insurance companies
B)Prospective payment systems
C)Retrospective payment systems
D)Current reimbursement systems
Q3) Select from the list below the primary goals of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) of 2010.
A)Increase the tax rate on the wealthy
B)Addressing inequities in insurance coverage
C)Helping the struggling elderly
D)Providing a way to insure all Americans
E)Increasing the number of large hospitals
F)Breaking the insurance industry's strangle hold on health care
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Page 20
Chapter 19: Nursing Informatics
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Sample Questions
Q1) Identify the underlying premise for evidence-based practice.
A)Practice based on research produces better client outcomes.
B)Nurses need to provide strong rationales for all their interventions.
C)Nurses who use research to guide practice make fewer errors.
D)Evidence for practice is accumulated over the years when nurses perform the same skills repeatedly.
Q2) Identify the element that has been found most effective in the reduction of technology-related errors in client care.
A)Extended periods of training
B)Computer-based reminder systems
C)Systems involving 8 to 10 steps
D)Hiring only the most intelligent nurses
Q3) What does function in nursing informatics focus on?
A)How the management and processing of information helps nurses enter, organize, or retrieve information
B)A well-articulated theoretical basis to guide the gathering of data
C)The levels of special interest, including technology and concepts of nursing theory
D)Areas of research that lead to new knowledge
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Chapter 20: The Politically Active Nurse
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which statement best indicates the use of political capital?
A)"I will issue an executive order on that topic."
B)"Without your vote, the bill will never pass."
C)"If you vote for my bill, I will vote for your bill."
D)"Large groups of citizens support this issue."
Q2) What is the document that provides nurses with the right to practice and specifies the parameters of professional practice?
A)Nurse Practice Act
B)Scope of Practice
C)Legislative Law
D)State Board of Nursing
Q3) Select all the items from the list below that are characteristics of a successful organizer.
A)Easy-going
B)Curious
C)Persistent
D)Rigid planner
E)Imaginative
F)Charismatic
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Page 22
Chapter 21: Spirituality and Health Care
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Sample Questions
Q1) As a philosophical approach to understanding truth, ________________advocates the view that consciousness determines reality and truth in space and time.
Q2) What are clients experiencing major life transitions least likely to encounter?
A)Anxiety and vulnerability
B)Spiritual abandonment
C)Stagnation and apathy
D)Spiritual enlightenment
Q3) What is the least effective measure for nurses to use to maintain an internal state of balance and prevent burnout?
A)Use multitasking at work
B)Take time to feed their spirits
C)Use periodic retreats
D)Play basketball
Q4) What must the nurse recognize when trying to understand the concept of "truth"?
A)Truth is always supported by facts.
B)Hypothetical-deductive reasoning and quantitative research are the only ways to arrive at truth.
C)Spirituality cannot be proven, so it is not truth.
D)Truth is a relative concept.
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Chapter 22: Cultural Diversity
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Sample Questions
Q1) Select the term used for an oversimplified belief, conception, or opinion about another person or group based on a limited amount of information.
A)Judgment
B)Stereotype
C)Bias
D)Prejudice
Q2) What can generally be excluded from the common causes for noncompliance among culturally diverse clients?
A)Use of treatments that are similar to traditional treatments
B)Lack of external symptoms of disease
C)Inconvenient or painful treatments
D)Lack of external support from family members or close friends
Q3) When do subcultures develop?
A)Life in the country of origin becomes too difficult.
B)People marry people from other cultures.
C)Members of the group do not accept all the values of their dominant culture.
D)Cultural expressions become primarily conscious.
Q4) Developed from a long-term process and based on a need for group survival, ________________are neither right nor wrong.
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Chapter 23: Developments in Current Nursing Practice
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Q1) Identify an important aspect of the role of forensic psychiatric nurses.
A)Conduct deep analyses of perpetrators to determine what caused the crime.
B)Provide intervention to prevent crimes before they occur.
C)Identify changes in behaviors linking criminals to criminal offenses.
D)Promote functional disabilities.
Q2) Select all the categories from the list below that are appropriate for nurse entrepreneurs.
A)Nurse attorneys
B)Nurse death investigators
C)Nurse epidemiologists
D)Psychiatric nurses
E)School nurses
F)Legal nurse consultants
Q3) Why do forensic nurses practicing in an institutional setting commonly face basic value conflicts?
A)Health care is the primary goal.
B)Inmates do not regard the nurse as an authority figure.
C)Resources for health-care services are severely limited.
D)The principles of security are often at odds with the principles of treatment.
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Chapter 24: Client Education: a Moral Imperative
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Sample Questions
Q1) Identify the elements that are considered essential to include in an electronic client-education tracking system. Select all that apply.
A)Client control
B)Physician input
C)Customized to each client
D)Continuous tracking
E)Successful outcomes
Q2) Select the factor that is most likely to increase a client's motivation to learn.
A)A severe illness with the potential to be fatal
B)The presence of the client's significant other during teaching session
C)A college education
D)A high socioeconomic level
Q3) Which is an important element for the nurse to remember when conducting a client language assessment?
A)Did the client bring an interpreter to the hospital?
B)What is the client's fluency in both the primary and secondary languages?
C)How long has the client been living in America?
D)What cultural health-care practices does the client use on a regular basis?
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Chapter 25: Nursing Research and Evidence-Based Practice
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Sample Questions
Q1) A doctoral-prepared nurse researcher employed by your acute care facility has recently completed a rigorous research study. Your clinical director has proposed that one of her findings be used in the development of a procedure and implemented on your unit. What is the best argument for questioning this decision?
A)The hospital should wait until the research findings are published.
B)Single studies are rarely sufficient for making decisions regarding clinical practice.
C)The hospital's institutional review board must first make a determination that implementing the findings would be safe.
D)Studies must be peer reviewed before they are determined valid.
Q2) What is the purpose of qualitative inquiry research?
A)Gaining an understanding of how individuals find meaning in their world
B)Measuring the variables identified as dependent
C)Testing an identified hypothesis and proving a theory
D)Generalizing relationships between concepts
Q3) It is important for nurses to develop the skill of ________________so that they will have the ability to understand the research process and then be able to sift through and carefully assesses all available and credible research findings.
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Page 27
Chapter 26: Alternative and Complementary Healing Practices
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Sample Questions
Q1) Some cultures do not prescribe herbs based on the biologic effects of their chemical ingredients but rather use the _____________________by which they are prescribed on the basis of their physical and taste characteristics; for example, herbs with heart-shaped leaves are used to treat heart problems.Multiple Response Identify one or more choices that best complete the statement or answer the question.
Q2) Select from the list below all the reasons for the increasing use of alternative and complementary healing practices.
A)Dissatisfaction with conventional health care
B)Desire for greater control over one's health
C)Desire for cultural and philosophical congruence with personal beliefs about health and illness
D)Growing understanding of the philosopy behind alternative practices
E)Belief in the effectiveness of alternative therapies
F)Traditions passed on from parents
Q3) With the goal of restoring the natural movement of vital forces, life essences, or other such vitalities, ________________bring balance back to factors disturbed by diseases or trauma.
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