Nursing Fundamentals
Pre-Test Questions
Course Introduction
Nursing Fundamentals introduces students to the essential concepts, skills, and values required for professional nursing practice. This course covers the principles of patient-centered care, basic nursing procedures, communication techniques, infection control, safety practices, and ethical standards. Students will develop a foundational understanding of the nursing process, documentation, and the roles and responsibilities of nurses within healthcare teams. Practical experiences and simulations are incorporated to build confidence and competence in delivering safe and effective care to individuals across the lifespan.
Recommended Textbook
Concepts for Nursing Practice 2nd Edition by Giddens
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58 Chapters
459 Verified Questions
459 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/study-set/174
Page 2
Chapter 1: Development
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8 Verified Questions
8 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) A mother complains to the nurse at the pediatric clinic that her 4-year-old child always talks to her toys and makes up stories. The mother wants her child to have a psychological evaluation. The nurse's best initial response is to
A) refer the child to a psychologist immediately.
B) explain that playing make believe is normal at this age.
C) complete a developmental screening using a validated tool.
D) separate the child from the mother to get more information.
Answer: B
Q2) A 17-year-old girl is hospitalized for appendicitis, and her mother asks the nurse why she is so needy and acting like a child. The best response of the nurse is that in the hospital, adolescents
A) have separation anxiety.
B) rebel against rules.
C) regress because of stress.
D) want to know everything.
Answer: C
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3
Chapter 2: Functional Ability
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13 Verified Questions
13 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse is developing an interdisciplinary plan of care using the Roper-Logan-Tierney Model of Nursing for a patient who is currently unconscious. Which interventions would be most critical to developing a plan of care for this patient?
A) Eating and drinking, personal cleansing and dressing, working and playing
B) Toileting, transferring, dressing, and bathing activities
C) Sleeping, expressing sexuality, socializing with peers
D) Maintaining a safe environment, breathing, maintaining temperature
Answer: D
Q2) The nurse is assessing a patient's functional abilities and asks the patient, "How would you rate your ability to prepare a balanced meal?" "How would you rate your ability to balance a checkbook?" "How would you rate your ability to keep track of your appointments?" Which tool would be indicated for the best results of this patient's perception of their abilities?
A) Functional Activities Questionnaire (FAQ)
B) Mini Mental Status Exam (MMSE)
C) 24hFAQ
D) Performance-based functional measurement
Answer: A
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Chapter 3: Family Dynamics
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7 Verified Questions
7 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which factors which would alert the nurse to negative/dysfunctional family dynamics?
A) Aging of family members
B) Chronic illness of a family member
C) Disability of a family member
D) Intimate partner violence
Answer: D
Q2) The nurse identifies the family with a child graduating from college as being in which family life cycle?
A) Single young adult leaving home
B) New couple joins their families through marriage or living together
C) Families with young children
D) Launching children and moving on
Answer: D
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Page 5
Chapter 4: Culture
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Sample Questions
Q1) A 60-year-old Italian immigrant presents for an annual physical. He is counseled about diagnostic testing including laboratory testing, colonoscopy, influenza vaccination, and pneumococcal vaccination. His reply is "If it ain't broke, don't try to fix it."
When developing a plan of care, the nurse should consider which cultural orientation for this patient?
A) Short term
B) Long term
C) Leisurely term
D) Noncommittal
Q2) Women who are given the job of caretaker for aging relatives are subject to caregiver strain due to A) feminine attributes.
B) unequal gender.
C) fixed gender roles.
D) female inequality.
Q3) What interrelated constructs facilitate a nurse to become culturally competent?
A) Cultural diversity, self-awareness, cultural skill, and cultural knowledge
B) Cultural desire, self-awareness, cultural knowledge, and cultural identity
C) Cultural desire, self-awareness, cultural knowledge, and cultural diversity
D) Cultural desire, self-awareness, cultural knowledge, and cultural skill
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Chapter 5: Spirituality
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Sample Questions
Q1) When developing a plan of care, the nurse should consider which attribute of the Chapter of spirituality?
A) Spirituality is not a well-known universal concept
B) Chronic versus acute illnesses affect spirituality
C) Convincing patients to pray is a priority intervention
D) Referrals may be needed to spiritual counselors
Q2) The nurse recognizes that which life events can be spiritually life changing? (Select all that apply.)
A) Births
B) Weddings
C) Medical diagnoses
D) Career day to day job duties
E) Loss of independence
Q3) The nurse is assessing a patient's spirituality and observes the patient meditating before any treatments. What is the nurse's best action?
A) Document that the patient is not religious
B) Offer the patient a copy of the bible to read
C) Arrange for quiet time for the patient as needed
D) Limit the time patient can meditate before procedures
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Page 7
Chapter 6: Adherence
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse is preparing a discharge teaching plan for a patient who has peripheral vascular disease and has poor circulation to the feet. Which learning goal should the nurse include in the teaching plan?
A) The nurse will demonstrate the proper technique for trimming toenails.
B) The patient will understand the rationale for proper foot care after instruction.
C) The nurse will instruct the patient on appropriate foot care before discharge.
D) The patient will post reminder stickers on the calendar to check feet every day and record scheduled appointments with podiatrist.
Q2) A 73-year-old male patient is seen in the home setting for a routine physical. The nurse notes which behavior as the most reassuring sign that the patient has been following the treatment plan for the diagnoses of hypertension, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia?
A) The patient has a list of glucose readings for the past 10 days.
B) The patient has a list of medications along with newly refilled meds.
C) The patient has a list of all foods and beverages for a 3-day period.
D) The patient verbalizes the side effects of all his medications.
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Chapter 7: Self-Management
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse is developing a teaching plan for a patient diagnosed with congestive heart failure. Which are the most appropriate teaching points to include that will assist in self-management of the disease? (Select all that apply.)
A) Side effects of medications
B) Activity restrictions
C) Daily weights
D) Increased sodium intake
E) Blood pressure monitoring
Q2) The nurse is assisting an older adult patient, diagnosed with type 2 diabetes, with self-injection of insulin. What is the most appropriate intervention for this patient at discharge?
A) Arrange daily home visits for injections
B) Request an insulin pen prescription
C) Recommend upper arm injection sites
D) Supply patient with 100 unit insulin syringes
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9
Chapter 8: Fluid and Electrolyte Balance
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse assessed four patients at the beginning of the shift. Which finding should the nurse report immediately to the physician?
A) Swollen ankles in patient with compensated heart failure
B) Positive Chvostek's sign in patient with acute pancreatitis
C) Dry mucous membranes in patient taking a new diuretic
D) Constipation in patient who has advanced breast cancer
Q2) The patient's laboratory report today indicates severe hypokalemia, and the nurse has notified the physician. Nursing assessment indicates that heart rhythm is regular. What is the most important nursing intervention for this patient now?
A) Raise bed side rails due to potential decreased level of consciousness and confusion.
B) Examine sacral area and patient's heels for skin breakdown due to potential edema.
C) Establish seizure precautions due to potential muscle twitching, cramps, and seizures.
D) Institute fall precautions due to potential postural hypotension and weak leg muscles.
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Chapter 9: Acid-Base Balance
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Sample Questions
Q1) The patient had diarrhea for 5 days and developed an acid-base imbalance. Which statement would indicate that the nurse's teaching about the acid-base imbalance has been effective?
A) "To prevent another problem, I should eat less sodium during diarrhea."
B) "My blood became too acid because I lost some base in the diarrhea fluid."
C) "Diarrhea removes fluid from the body, so I should drink more ice water."
D) "I should try to slow my breathing so my acids and bases will be balanced."
Q2) The patient has type B chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbated by an acute upper respiratory infection. Which blood gas values should the nurse expect to see?
A) pH high, PaCO<sub>2</sub> high, HCO<sub>3</sub>- high
B) pH low, PaCO<sub>2</sub> low, HCO<sub>3</sub>- low
C) pH low, PaCO<sub>2</sub> high, HCO<sub>3</sub>- high
D) pH low, PaCO<sub>2</sub> high, HCO<sub>3</sub>- normal
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11
Chapter 10: Thermoregulation
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Sample Questions
Q1) A volunteer at the senior center asks the visiting nurse why the senior citizens always seem to be complaining about the temperature. What is the nurse's best response?
A) Older people have a diminished ability to regulate body temperature because of active sweat glands.
B) Older people have a diminished ability to regulate body temperature because of increased circulation.
C) Older people have a diminished ability to regulate body temperature because of peripheral vasoconstriction.
D) Older people have a diminished ability to regulate body temperature because of slower metabolic rates.
Q2) What is the priority nursing action for a patient suspected to be hypothermic?
A) Assess vital signs.
B) Hydrate with intravenous (IV) fluids.
C) Provide a warm blanket.
D) Remove wet clothes.
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Page 12
Chapter 11: Sleep
7 Verified Questions
7 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) A mother tells the nurse she is concerned because her 8 month old infant sleeps all day and night and is only awake about 2-3 hours per day. What is the nurse's best response?
A) "This sleep pattern is very normal for an infant at this age."
B) "Adding an additional feeding will keep the child awake more."
C) "I recommend that you notify the child's pediatrician."
D) "Be sure you are laying the child on his back to sleep at night."
Q2) A patient tells the nurse that he experiences daytime fatigue even after 7-8 hours of sleep each night. What is the best assessment question for the nurse to ask?
A) Have you tried getting 10 hours of sleep instead of 8 hours?
B) How long are you in the rapid eye movement (REM) stage?
C) Do you also have any recent lifestyle or behavior changes?
D) Do any of your close relatives have any sleep disorders?
Q3) The nurse is caring for a child with tonsillar enlargement. What is the nurse's priority concern?
A) Low oxygen saturation
B) Daytime fatigue
C) Increased temperature
D) Antibiotic administration
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Page 13
Chapter 12: Cellular Regulation
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11 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) A cancer patient's susceptibility to the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) can be suspected with which of the following laboratory results?
A) Serum potassium of 5.2 mmol/L
B) Serum sodium of 120 mmol/L
C) Hematocrit of 40%
D) Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) of 10 mg/dL
Q2) A female patient complains of a "scab that just won't heal" under her left breast. During your conversation, she also mentions chronic fatigue, loss of appetite, and slight cough, attributed to allergies. What is the nurse's best action?
A) Continue to conduct a symptom analysis to better understand the patient's symptoms and concerns.
B) End the appointment and tell the patient to use skin protection during sun exposure.
C) Suggest further testing with a cancer specialist and provide the appropriate literature.
D) Tell her to put a bandage on the scab and set a follow-up appointment in one week.
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Chapter 13: Intracranial Regulation
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which assessment finding would be the earliest and most sensitive indicator that there is an alteration in intracranial regulation?
A) Change in level of consciousness
B) Inability to focus visually
C) Loss of primitive reflexes
D) Unequal pupil size
Q2) After shunt procedure, the nurse would monitor the patient's neurologic status by using which test?
A) Electroencephalogram
B) Glasgow Coma Scale
C) National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale
D) Monro-Kellie doctrine
Q3) Components of the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) the nurse would use to assess a patient after a head injury include which assessment?
A) Blood pressure
B) Cranial nerve function
C) Head circumference
D) Verbal responsiveness
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Chapter 14: Hormonal Regulation
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse is caring for a patient diagnosed with syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). What is the nurse's best action?
A) Encourage increased fluid and water intake
B) Teach about risk for malignancies
C) Monitor for changes in level of consciousness
D) Assess labwork for potassium level changes
Q2) The nurse is caring for a patient who has undergone a thyroidectomy. Which patient complaint is highest priority requiring further evaluation?
A) Pain at surgical site
B) Thirst
C) Hoarseness
D) Nausea
Q3) Following a parathyroidectomy, which electrolyte should the nurse most closely monitor?
A) Potassium
B) Sodium
C) Magnesium
D) Calcium
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16
Chapter 15: Glucose Regulation
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is the nurse's best response about developing diabetes to the patient whose father has type 1 diabetes mellitus?
A) "You have a greater susceptibility for development of the disease because of your family history."
B) "Your risk is the same as the general population, because there is no genetic risk for development of type 1 diabetes."
C) "Type 1 diabetes is inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern. Therefore the risk for becoming diabetic is 50%."
D) "Because you are a woman and your father is the parent with diabetes, your risk is not increased for eventual development of the disease. However, your brothers will become diabetic."
Q2) The nurse instructs a patient with type 1 diabetes mellitus to avoid which of the following drugs while taking insulin?
A) Furosemide (Lasix)
B) Dicumarol (Bishydroxycoumarin)
C) Reserpine (Serpasil)
D) Cimetidine (Tagamet)
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Page 17
Chapter 16: Nutrition
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse is assisting a 79-year-old patient with information about diet and weight loss. The patient has a body mass index (BMI) of 31. How should the nurse instruct this patient?
A) "Your weight is within normal limits. Continue maintaining with current lifestyle choices."
B) "You are a little overweight. Cut down on calories and increase your activity, and you should be fine."
C) "You are morbidly obese, and we would like to schedule you an appointment to speak with a bariatric specialist about surgery."
D) "You are considered obese and will need to consult with your doctor about a plan that includes exercises, not diet, to decrease weight."
Q2) During a physical examination, the nurse notes that the patient's skin is dry and flaking, with patches of eczema. Which nutritional deficiency might be present?
A) Vitamin C
B) Vitamin B
C) Essential fatty acid
D) Protein
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18
Chapter 17: Elimination
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse is caring for a patient who has suffered a spinal cord injury and is concerned about the patient's elimination status. What is the nurse's best action?
A) Speak with the patient's family about food choices.
B) Establish a bowel and bladder program for the patient.
C) Speak with the patient about past elimination habits.
D) Establish a bedtime ritual for the patient.
Q2) The nurse is listening for bowel sounds in a postoperative patient. The bowel sounds are slow, as they are heard only every 3 to 4 minutes. The patient asks the nurse why this is happening. What is the nurse's best response?
A) "Anesthesia during surgery and pain medication after surgery may slow peristalsis in the bowel."
B) "Some people have a slower bowel than others, and this is nothing to be concerned about."
C) "The foods you eat contribute to peristalsis, so you should eat more fiber in your diet."
D) "Bowel peristalsis is slow because you are not walking. Get more exercise during the day."
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Chapter 18: Perfusion
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Sample Questions
Q1) A patient diagnosed with hypertension asks the nurse how this disease could have happened to them. What is the nurse's best response?
A) "Hypertension happens to everyone sooner or later. Don't be concerned about it."
B) "Hypertension can happen from eating a poor diet, so change what you are eating."
C) "Hypertension can happen from arterial changes that block the blood flow."
D) "Hypertension happens when people do not exercise, so you should walk every day."
Q2) The patient is brought to the emergency department after a motor vehicle accident. The patient is diagnosed with internal bleeding. What is the priority of care for this patient?
A) Mental alertness
B) Perfusion
C) Pain
D) Reaction to medications
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Chapter 19: Gas Exchange
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse would identify which patient condition as a problem of impaired gas exchange secondary to a perfusion problem?
A) Peripheral arterial disease of the lower extremities
B) Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
C) Chronic asthma
D) Severe anemia secondary to chemotherapy
Q2) The nurse is reviewing the patient's arterial blood gas results. The PaO<sub>2</sub> is 96 mm Hg, pH is 7.20, PaCO<sub>2</sub> is 55 mm Hg, and HCO<sub>3</sub> is 25 mEq/L. What might the nurse expect to observe on assessment of this patient?
A) Disorientation and tremors
B) Tachycardia and decreased blood pressure
C) Increased anxiety and irritability
D) Hyperventilation and lethargy
Q3) Which patient finding would the nurse identify as being a risk factor for altered transport of oxygen?
A) Hemoglobin level of 8.0
B) Bronchoconstriction and mucus
C) Peripheral arterial disease
D) Decreased thoracic expansion
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Page 21
Chapter 20: Clotting
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse would anticipate that which of the following patient conditions will be treated with the collaborative treatment of regular phlebotomies?
A) Hemophilia
B) Thrombocytopenia
C) Eosinophilia
D) Polycythemia
Q2) A patient on a medical surgical unit has a platelet count of 90,000 per mm³. The nurse knows to include which of the following precautions in discharge instructions?
A) Use a standard safety razor for shaving.
B) Use a soft bristle toothbrush.
C) Have aggressive dental care immediately to prevent dental caries.
D) Do not eat fresh fruit.
Q3) Which nursing observation would indicate that the nurse hold the medication warfarin (Coumadin)?
A) An INR (international normalize ratio) of 1.8
B) An INR of 4.8
C) A partial thromboplastin time (APTT) level of 25 seconds
D) An APTT level of 35 seconds
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Chapter 21: Reproduction
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse at the family planning clinic conducts a male history for infertility evaluation. Which finding has the greatest implication for this patient's care?
A) Practice of nightly masturbation
B) Primary anovulation
C) High testosterone levels
D) Impotence due to alcohol ingestion
Q2) The nurse is admitting a prenatal patient for diagnostic testing. While eliciting the psychosocial history, the nurse learns the patient smokes a pack of cigarettes daily, drinks a cup of cappuccino with breakfast, has smoked marijuana in the remote past, and is a social drinker. Which action should the nurse first take?
A) Strongly advise immediate tobacco cessation
B) Elimination of all caffeinated beverages
C) Serum and urine testing for drug use and alcohol use
D) Referral to a 12-step program
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23
Chapter 22: Sexuality
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Sample Questions
Q1) The school nurse is developing a curriculum for a junior human sexuality class. In order to provide the most up-to-date information, the nurse should be aware that which is the single most effective primary prevention strategy for preventing sexually transmitted infections (STIs)?
A) A vaccine to prevent HPV infection
B) HIV screening
C) Abstinence
D) The male condom
Q2) Which statements related to sexual dysfunction are correct? (Select all that apply.)
A) Biological factors play a more significant role than psychologic factors.
B) Sexual dysfunction is more prevalent among men than women.
C) The best predictor of sexual health is emotional well-being.
D) The patient with sexual dysfunction is at risk for anxiety and depression.
E) Sexual dysfunction remains uncommon.
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24
Chapter 23: Immunity
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse is preparing to administer medications to a patient with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The nurse should explain which goal of treatment to the patient?
A) Eradicate the disease
B) Enhance immune response
C) Control inflammation
D) Manage pain
Q2) The nurse is caring for a postoperative patient who had an open appendectomy. The nurse understands that this patient should have some erythema and edema at the incision site 12 to 24 hours post operation dependent on which condition?
A) His immune system is functioning properly.
B) He is properly vaccinated.
C) He has an infection.
D) The suppressor T-cells in his body are activated.
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Chapter 24: Inflammation
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse reviews the patient's complete blood count (CBC) results and notes that the neutrophil levels are elevated, but monocytes are still within normal limits. This indicates what type of inflammatory response?
A) Chronic
B) Resolved
C) Early stage acute
D) Late stage acute
Q2) The nurse assesses the patient and notes all of the following. Select all of the findings that indicate the systemic manifestations of inflammation.
A) Oral temperature 38.6° C/101.5° F
B) Thick, green nasal discharge
C) Patient complaint of pain at 6 on a 0 to 10 scale on palpation of frontal and maxillary sinuses
D) WBC 20 cells/McL \(\times\) 10<sup>9</sup>/L
E) Patient reports, "I'm tired all the time. I haven't felt like myself in days."
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Chapter 25: Infection
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Q1) A nurse is teaching a group of business people about disease transmission. He knows that he needs to reeducate when one of the participants states which of the following?
A) "When traveling outside of the country, I need to be sure that I receive appropriate vaccinations."
B) "Food and water supplies in foreign countries can contain microorganisms to which my body is not accustomed and has no resistance."
C) "If I don't feel sick, then I don't have to worry about transmitted diseases."
D) "I need to be sure to have good hygiene practices when traveling in crowded planes and trains."
Q2) In order to provide the best intervention for a patient, the nurse is often responsible for obtaining a sample of exudate for culture. What information will this provide?
A) Whether a patient has an infection.
B) Where an infection is located.
C) What cells are being utilized by the body to attack an infection.
D) What specific type of pathogen is causing an infection.
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Chapter 26: Mobility
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Sample Questions
Q1) What percentage of hip fractures is the result of falls?
A) 50%
B) 80%
C) 90%
D) 100%
Q2) A patient who has been in the hospital for several weeks is about to be discharged. The patient is weak from the hospitalization and asks the nurse to explain why this is happening. What is the nurse's best response?
A) "Your iron level is low. This is known as anemia."
B) "Your immobility in the hospital is known as deconditioning."
C) "Your poor appetite is known as malnutrition."
D) "Your medications have caused drug induced weakness."
Q3) An older patient is talking with the nurse about hip fractures. The patient would like to know the best approach to strengthen the bones. What is the nurse's best response?
A) "Walk at least 5 miles every day for exercise."
B) "Wear proper fitting shoes to prevent tripping."
C) "Talk with your physician about a calcium supplement."
D) "Stand up slowly so you don't feel faint."
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28
Chapter 27: Tissue Integrity
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Sample Questions
Q1) A patient is to receive phototherapy for the treatment of psoriasis. What is the nursing priority for this patient?
A) Obtaining a complete blood count (CBC)
B) Protection from excessive heat
C) Protection from excessive ultraviolet (UV) exposure
D) Instructing the patient to take their multivitamin prior to treatment
Q2) The nurse is instructing the nursing assistant to prevent pressure ulcers in a frail older patient. Which action indicates the nursing assistant has understood the nurse's teaching?
A) Bathing and drying the skin vigorously to stimulate circulation
B) Keeping the head of the bed elevated 30 degrees
C) Limiting intake of fluid and offer frequent snacks
D) Turning the patient at least every 2 hours
Q3) A nurse is educating a 21-year-old lifeguard about the risk of skin cancer and the need to wear sunscreen. Which statement by the patient indicates that the need for further teaching?
A) "I wear a hat and sit under the umbrella when not in the water."
B) "I don't bother with sunscreen on overcast days."
C) "I use a sunscreen with the highest SPF number."
D) "I wear a UV shirt and limit exposure to the sun by covering up."
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Chapter 28: Sensory Perception
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Sample Questions
Q1) An 80-year-old patient is being discharged after he was diagnosed with diabetes mellitus and retinopathy. His daughter has been part of the discharge instruction process. Understanding of the instructions is evident when the daughter says which of the following?
A) "I will make sure that Dad always wears warm socks."
B) "Dad needs to wear his glasses so he can delay the onset of macular degeneration."
C) "I will ask the home health aide to carefully inspect Dad's feet every day when she helps him bathe."
D) "We will give him only warm foods, so that he doesn't burn his mouth."
Q2) A 75-year-old woman walks into the emergency department with complaints of "not feeling well." Her blood pressure is 145/95, pulse 85 beats/min, respirations 24 breaths/min, and blood sugar 300. Upon inspection, the nurse notices that the woman has an open wound on the bottom of her foot, but the patient states she is not aware of this. How should the nurse interpret these findings?
A) Normal in the older adult
B) A need for the patient to be evaluated for cognitive impairment
C) A side effect of anti-hypertensive medication
D) Pathologic impairment of sensory responses
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Chapter 29: Pain
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Sample Questions
Q1) A 62-year-old male has fallen while trimming tree branches sustaining tissue injury. He describes his condition as an aching, throbbing back. This is characteristic of what type of pain?
A) Neuropathic pain
B) Nociceptive pain
C) Chronic pain
D) Mixed pain syndrome
Q2) An 80-year-old male patient is in the intensive care unit has suffered a fractured femur. You are making rounds and notice he is somnolent, with no response to verbal or physical stimulation. He has been on round the clock opioid doses q 4 hours. What is the nurse's first action?
A) Call the rapid response team to care for the patient immediately.
B) Discontinue the opioids on the medication administration record.
C) Assess the patient's blood pressure and pain level.
D) Start a second intravenous line with a large bore catheter.
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Chapter 30: Fatigue
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Sample Questions
Q1) Based on the significant effects of chronic idiopathic fatigue, what is the nurse's priority assessment?
A) Cholesterol level and lipid profile
B) Creatinine and BUN levels
C) Memory loss testing
D) Mental health evaluation
Q2) The occupational health nurse is making rounds in a factory. Which employees need further education about energy conservation strategies?
A) Workers reaching up to high shelf often to obtain cleaning supplies
B) Workers bending over to lift boxes onto conveyer belt
C) Workers who have delegated out parts of their activities
D) Workers standing for long periods
E) Workers standing at desks at waist level
Q3) The nurse is caring for a patient diagnosed with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. The nurse should assess for which priority problem?
A) Fatigue
B) Bradypnea
C) Hypertension
D) Fall risk
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Page 32
Chapter 31: Stress
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Sample Questions
Q1) A patient tells the nurse, "I'm told that I should reduce the stress in my life, but I have no idea where to start." Which would be the best initial nursing response?
A) "Why not start by learning to meditate? That technique will cover everything."
B) "In cases like yours, physical exercise works to elevate mood and reduce anxiety."
C) "Reading about stress and how to manage it might be a good place to start."
D) "Let's talk about what is going on in your life and then look at possible options."
Q2) An older patient presents to the outpatient clinic with a chief complaint of headache and insomnia. In gathering the history, the nurse notes which factors as contributing to this patient's chief complaint?
A) The patient is responsible for caring for two school-age grandchildren.
B) The patient's daughter works to support the family.
C) The patient is being treated for hypertension and is overweight.
D) The patient has recently lost her spouse and needed to move in with her daughter.
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Chapter 32: Coping
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Q1) After a management decision to admit terminal care patients to a medical unit, the nursing manager notes that nursing staff on the unit appear tired and anxious. Staff absences from work are increasing. The nurse manager is concerned that staff may be experiencing stress and burnout at work. What action would be best for the manager to take that will help the staff?
A) Ask administration to require staff to meditate daily for at least 30 minutes.
B) Have a staff psychologist available on the unit once a week for required counseling.
C) Have training sessions to help the staff understand their new responsibilities.
D) Ask support staff from other disciplines to complete some nursing tasks to provide help.
Q2) The nurse is developing a care plan for a patient with ineffective coping skills. Which intervention would be an example of a problem-focused coping strategy?
A) Scheduling a regular exercise program
B) Attending a seminar on treatment options
C) Identifying a confidant to share feelings
D) Attending a support group for families
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Chapter 33: Mood and Affect
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Q1) A patient who has been diagnosed with depression is scheduled for cognitive therapy in addition to receiving prescribed antidepressant medication. The nurse understands that the goal of cognitive therapy will be met when what is reported by the patient?
A) "I will tell myself that I am a good person when things don't go well at work."
B) "My medications will make my problems go away."
C) "My family will help take care of my children while I am in the hospital."
D) "This therapy will improve my response to neurotransmitter impulses."
Q2) A patient has been prescribed a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) antidepressant. After taking the new medication, the patient states, "This medication isn't working. I don't feel any different." What is the best response by the nurse?
A) "I will call your care provider. Perhaps you need a different medication."
B) "Don't worry. You can try taking it at a different time of day to help it work better."
C) "It usually takes a few weeks for you to notice improvement from this medication."
D) "Your life is much better now. You will feel better soon."
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Chapter 34: Anxiety
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Sample Questions
Q1) A patient is newly diagnosed with anxiety and placed on a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). The nurse is developing the plan of care for this patient. How long will it take for this medication to become effective?
A) The medication will become effective immediately.
B) The medication may take up to 12 weeks to become effective.
C) The medication may take up to 6 weeks to become effective.
D) The medication may take up to 4 weeks to become effective.
Q2) A patient complains of insomnia during his stay in the hospital. Which nursing diagnosis would be a top priority for this patient?
A) Anxiety related to hospitalization
B) Ineffective Coping related to hospitalization
C) Denial related to hospitalization
D) High Risk for Insomnia related to hospitalization
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Chapter 35: Cognition
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Sample Questions
Q1) An 82-year-old patient who is in the hospital awakens from sleep and is disoriented to where she is at the present time. The nurse reorients the patient to her surroundings and helps the patient return to sleep. What data does the nurse consider as a probable cause of the patient's confusion?
A) Pain medication received earlier in the night
B) The death of the patient's spouse 2 years ago
C) The patient's history of diabetes
D) The age of the patient
Q2) A nurse working in a pediatric clinic recognizes that which child is most at risk for cognitive impairment?
A) An infant who is being fed reconstituted powdered formula
B) A toddler living in an older home that is being remodeled
C) A preschooler who attends a play group 3 days a week
D) A school-age child who rides a school bus 5 days a week
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Chapter 36: Psychosis
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Q1) Clients who are psychotic because of underlying psychiatric illness are treated with antipsychotic medications. Typical antipsychotic medications can improve positive symptoms in clients with schizophrenia. Positive symptoms include which of the following? (Select all that apply.)
A) Hallucinations
B) Disorganized speech and behavior
C) Anhedonia
D) Delusions
E) Agitation
Q2) A client with schizophrenia has relapsed and has been identified as being in stage four of relapse. The nurse expects to observe which behavior that most consistent with this stage of relapse?
A) Expressing feelings of anxiety
B) Expressing feelings of being overwhelmed
C) Bizarre behaviors and speech
D) Presence of hallucinations
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38
Chapter 37: Addiction
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Q1) The nurse is assessing a patient using the CAGE Questionnaire. The patient answers yes to all of the questions. The nurse suspects alcoholism and feels the patient is in denial when the patient makes which statement?
A) "I go to meetings once a day and still drink."
B) "My family and friends have been avoiding me lately."
C) "I don't have a problem with alcohol. I can quit anytime I want to."
D) "I know it will be hard to quit, but I am willing to try."
Q2) A 45-year-old man is brought to the emergency department presenting with a respiratory rate of 6 breaths/min, and cardiac dysrhythmias. What is the most appropriate question the nurse should ask the patient's friend?
A) "Does he take amphetamines or uppers?"
B) "Has he ever used LSD?"
C) "Have you two been out of the country in the last 2 days?"
D) "Is he using any opioids such as heroin?"
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Chapter 38: Interpersonal Violence
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse working at a women's health clinic is seeing a teenage female patient who has come in for a refill on her birth control medication and with a complaint of abdominal pain. When the nurse enters the room, the patient is sitting in the chair with her head down, rocking back and forth, does not make eye contact, and answers questions with no expression on her face. What assessment question would be important for the nurse to ask the patient?
A) "What brings you to the clinic today?"
B) "What can we do to help you today?"
C) "Do you feel safe in your current relationship?"
D) "Have you changed your diet lately?"
Q2) The nurse is seeing a patient who has been in the clinic eight times in the past 6 months for injuries from an abusive partner. The patient states, "I don't see any way to get away from my partner, and I can't keep going on like this." What assessment question is most important for the nurse to ask?
A) "Do you have any family in the area that can help?"
B) "Have you thought about hurting yourself or someone else?"
C) "Have you thought about moving to a different city?"
D) "Have you discussed this with anyone else?"
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Chapter 39: Professional Identity
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Questions
Q1) A new registered nurse asks the registered nurse (RN) preceptor what could be done to become more professional. What is the preceptor's best response?
A) "Attend nursing educational meetings."
B) "Listen to other nurses."
C) "Read the agency newsletter."
D) "Pass the licensing exam."
Q2) The qualities of leadership, clinical expertise and judgment, mentorship, and lifelong learning would best describe which type of nurse?
A) Administrator
B) Certified nurse specialist
C) Practitioner
D) Professional
Q3) The scope of professional nursing practice is determined by the rules promulgated by which organization?
A) American Nurses' Association (ANA)
B) Institute of Medicine (IOM)
C) State Board of Nursing
D) State Nursing Association
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Chapter 40: Clinical Judgment
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Sample Questions
Q1) A patient has been admitted for a skin graft following third degree burns to the bilateral calves. The plan of care involves 3 days inpatient and 6 months outpatient treatment, to include home care and dressing changes. When should the nurse initiate the educational plan?
A) After the operation and the patient is awake
B) On admission, along with the initial assessment
C) The day before the patient is to be discharged
D) When narcotics are no longer needed routinely
Q2) A student nurse is studying clinical judgment theories and is working with Tanner's Model of Clinical Judgment. How can the student nurse best generalize this model?
A) A reflective process where the nurse notices, interprets, responds, and reflects in action
B) One conceptual mechanism for critiquing ideas and establishing goal-oriented care
C) Researching best practice literature to create care pathways for certain populations
D) Assessing, diagnosing, implementing, and evaluating the nursing care plans
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Chapter 41: Leadership
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to situational and contingency theory, which statement is true?
A) The theory challenges the concept that one leadership style is always best.
B) The theory supports employee feelings, morale, and feedback during the change process.
C) Motivation through inspiration and recognition is the focus for transforming employee behavior.
D) A leader is someone who possesses great intelligence and decision-making authority.
Q2) The nursing unit director exhibits the definition of leadership in which of the following responses?
A) The nurse manager refers the concern to the director of the department.
B) The nurse manager corrects the concern with the patient directly and does not communicate her actions to the staff.
C) The nurse manager meets with the staff to discuss the concern and identify solutions.
D) The nurse manager tells the staff that they need to correct the situation by tomorrow and leaves the meeting.
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Chapter 42: Ethics
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Sample Questions
Q1) A nurse on the unit makes an error in the calculation of the dose of medication for a critically ill patient. The patient suffered no ill consequences from the administration. The nurse decides not to report the error or file an incident report. The nurse is violating which principle of ethics?
A) Fidelity
B) Individuality
C) Justice
D) Values clarification
Q2) A patient suffered a brain injury from a motor vehicle accident and has no brain activity. The patient has a living will which states no heroic measures. The family requests that no additional heroic measures be instituted for their son. The nurse respects this decision in keeping with which principle?
A) Accountability
B) Autonomy
C) Nonmaleficence
D) Veracity
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Chapter 43: Patient Education
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Q1) Interrelated Chapters to the professional nursing role a nurse manager would consider when addressing concerns about the quality of patient education include which factor?
A) Adherence
B) Developmental level
C) Motivation
D) Technology
Q2) When planning to evaluate a patient's satisfaction with a teaching activity, what is the most appropriate strategy?
A) Include a survey instrument.
B) Observe for level of skill mastery.
C) Present information more than one time.
D) Provide for a return demonstration.
Q3) When describing patient education approaches, the nurse educator would explain that informal teaching is an approach that involves which quality?
A) Addresses group needs
B) Follows formalized plans
C) Has standardized content
D) Often occurs one-to-one
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Chapter 44: Health Promotion
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Q1) Interrelated Chapters to professional nursing a nurse manager would consider when addressing concerns about the quality of health promotion include which Chapters? (Select all that apply.)
A) Culture
B) Development
C) Evidence
D) Nutrition
E) Health policy
Q2) The nurse in a newly opened community health clinic is developing a program for the individuals considered at greatest risk for poor health outcomes. How should the nurse consider this group?
A) Global community
B) Sedentary society
C) Unmotivated population
D) Vulnerable population
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Chapter 45: Communication
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Sample Questions
Q1) A patient states, "I had a bad nightmare. When I woke up, I felt emotionally drained, as though I hadn't rested well." Which response by the nurse would be an example of interpersonal therapeutic communication?
A) "It sounds as though you were uncomfortable with the content of your dream."
B) "I understand what you're saying. Bad dreams leave me feeling tired, too."
C) "So, all in all, you feel as though you had a rather poor night's sleep?"
D) "Can you give me an example of what you mean by a 'bad nightmare'?"
Q2) The nurse is seeking clarification of a statement that was made by a patient. What is the best way for the nurse to seek clarification?
A) "What are the common elements here?"
B) "Tell me again about your experiences."
C) "Am I correct in understanding that "
D) "Tell me everything from the beginning."
Q3) The nurse and the patient are conversing face to face. What communication technique is being demonstrated?
A) Linguistic
B) Paralinguistic
C) Explicit
D) Metacommunication
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Page 47
Chapter 46: Collaboration
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Q1) The nurse is caring for a patient with a progressive, degenerative muscle illness. The patient states that she would like to remain in her home with her daughter as long as possible. What action should the nurse take?
A) Teach the patient muscle strengthening and stretching exercises.
B) Tell the patient to make plans to move to an assisted-living facility.
C) Discuss resources to help the patient and make appropriate referrals.
D) Ask the patient to come in for daily physical therapy.
Q2) The nurse is presenting an in-service on the importance of collaborative communication. The nurse includes which critical event identified by the Joint Commission as an outcome of poor communication among health care team members?
A) The occurrence of a patient event resulting in death or serious injury
B) Decreased ability to document expenses of care provided
C) Longer time to begin surgical cases
D) Increased time to discharge patients to outpatient care
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Chapter 47: Safety
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Q1) Aspects of safety culture that contribute to a culture of safety in a health care organization include which component?
A) Communication
B) Fear of punishment
C) Malpractice implications
D) Team nursing
Q2) A staff nurse reports a medication error due to failure to administer a medication at the scheduled time. What is the charge nurse's best response?
A) "We'll conduct a root cause analysis."
B) "That means you'll have to do continuing education."
C) "Why did you let that happen?"
D) "You'll need to tell the patient and family."
Q3) Prior to drug administration the nurse reviews the seven rights, which include right patient, right medication, right time, right dose, right education, right documentation, and what other right?
A) Room
B) Route
C) Physician
D) Manufacturer
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Page 49
Chapter 48: Technology and Informatics
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Q1) The application of information processing that deals with the storage, retrieval sharing, and use of health care data, information, and knowledge for communication and decision making is the definition of which area?
A) Computer science
B) Health informatics
C) Health information technology
D) Nursing informatics
Q2) Florence Nightingale, the first nurse informatician, sought hospital data for comparison purposes to compete which goal?
A) Allow faster and accurate diagnosis.
B) Better coordinate care.
C) Improve the efficiency of care.
D) Show people how their money was spent.
Q3) Which are exemplars of the health informatics Chapter?
A) Clinical research informatics
B) Hardware and software
C) Privacy and security
D) Standard terminology
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Chapter 49: Evidence
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Q1) The nurse in the psychiatric unit is involved in a research study for a depression medication. In the study, patients are randomly assigned to one depression medication and the other group is receiving no medication to treat the depression. What method of research are the patients involved with?
A) Descriptive
B) Correlational
C) Quasi-experimental
D) Experimental
Q2) One of the first nurse researchers to document evidence-based practice for nursing was Florence Nightingale. What did Nightingale incorporate into her practice that made her practice different from her colleagues?
A) Nightingale gathered scientific data.
B) Nightingale calculated statistics to report her findings.
C) Nightingale communicated her findings to powerful others.
D) Nightingale based her nursing practice on her findings.
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Chapter 50: Health Care Quality
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Q1) What are the major attributes of health care quality? (Select all that apply.)
A) Conforms to standards
B) Sound decision making
C) High acuity patients
D) Low health care costs
E) Identifies adverse events
Q2) A student nurse is talking with his instructor. The student asks how quality of care is evaluated. What is the best response by the instructor?
A) "Quality of care is evaluated by the patient getting well."
B) "Quality of care is evaluated on the basis of process and outcomes."
C) "Quality of care is evaluated by the physician's assessment."
D) "Quality of care is evaluated by the patient's satisfaction."
Q3) The focus of quality health care should be on which of the following items? (Select all that apply.)
A) Excellent services
B) Comprehensive communication
C) Private hospital rooms
D) Health team collaboration
E) Culturally competent care
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Chapter 51: Care Coordination
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Q1) For children and teens, which model includes school-based services?
A) Social
B) Integrated
C) Medically-Oriented
D) Nurse-Oriented
Q2) Nurses work to serve the population, and they know that which priority population needs to be served by care coordination?
A) Most vulnerable and the frail
B) Uninsured and the very young
C) Underinsured and the elderly population
D) Whole population of the community
Q3) Medical models coordinate medical services and were traditionally designed fulfill which function?
A) Be patient specific.
B) Be nursing oriented.
C) Be diagnosis specific.
D) Be community oriented.
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Page 53
Chapter 52: Caregiving
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Q1) The community health nurse is assessing a family who has a chronically ill child. The child needs special care, and the nurse has to coordinate the care for the home setting. What behavior will the nurse assess for to know that the family can care for the child?
A) The family is willing to learn about the care and share the caregiving needs.
B) The mother is going to care for the child and the family herself.
C) The older siblings are going to care for the child while the parents are at work.
D) An outside agency will be coming to the home three times a week to give care.
Q2) A young wife is talking with the nurse about her husband who is returning from the military. The wife confides that her husband is physically okay but is behaving differently. What is the nurse's best response?
A) "He is just trying to adjust to civilian life again; he'll be okay."
B) "You should observe him closely, because he could attack you."
C) "Many times people need care for emotional trauma."
D) "Talk with your physician to get medication, and then put it in his food."
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Chapter 53: Palliation
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Q1) The student demonstrates a lack of understanding of palliative care when making which statement?
A) "Palliative care is designed to promote comfort."
B) "Palliative care is designed to reduce disease exacerbations."
C) "Palliative care is designed to decrease acute care hospital admissions."
D) "Palliative care is designed to promote a cure for chronic disease."
Q2) Which is one of the biggest challenges facing current nursing practice?
A) The number of aging Americans living with chronic disease.
B) The number of patients entering into hospice programs.
C) The number of cancer patients receiving supportive care.
D) Reduced length of stay in hospice care.
Q3) The interprofessional core team includes members from which disciplines?
A) Nursing, medicine, volunteers, and nutrition
B) Medicine, nursing, social work, and clergy
C) Medicine, nursing, physical therapists, and volunteers
D) Nursing, home health aides, volunteers, and clergy
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Chapter 54: Health Disparities
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Q1) A healthcare provider whose native country is India is explaining the treatment plan to a patient. The patient tells the nurse she is having trouble understanding the provider but is embarrassed about asking to repeat the information over and over. The nurse should assess for which results due to this disparity in provider-patient communication? (Select all that apply.)
A) Patient dissatisfaction
B) Optimal health outcome
C) Poor adherence
D) Increased patient confidence
E) Improved communication
Q2) A new nurse requires further teaching when failing to identify which practice as a health disparity?
A) Annual mammogram
B) Early prenatal care
C) Blood pressure screening
D) Frequent fast food meals
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Chapter 55: Health Care Organizations
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Q1) A hospital is experiencing a drop in patient admissions, resulting in the implementation of a hiring freeze. What is a potential critical consequence of this internal organizational decision?
A) A decrease in the availability of future nurses to hire
B) A savings of salaries and benefits
C) Increased scholarships to nursing students from the local high school
D) Increased cross-training of current staff
Q2) A nurse manager recognizes that systems theory identifies that there is a social component within an organization that affects the overall functioning of the system. What indicator would demonstrate to the nurse manager that the social needs of an organization are being met?
A) Most employees from the organization attend an annual holiday celebration.
B) Separate eating areas for each discipline are set up in the cafeteria.
C) Nurse managers are planning to move to a centralized area away from the care units.
D) The summer softball teams are canceled due to lack of interest.
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Chapter 56: Health Care Economics
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Q1) Which of the following statements is true about health care in the US?
A) The US spends more money on health care than any other nation.
B) The US provides health care to every citizen.
C) The US relies on government funding to treat most citizens.
D) The US spends less money on pediatric care than other nations.
Q2) A student asks the instructor about health care economics. The instructor knows the student understands when the student makes which statement?
A) "The elderly population uses most of the health care services."
B) "Everyone should have health insurance to obtain services."
C) "Health care dollars should be partitioned by the government."
D) "Resources will be needed to serve health care issues."
Q3) Two nurses are discussing health care in the past and the present. The two nurses know which to be true about health care in the present?
A) Health care in the present is mostly provided by nurses.
B) Health care in the present is controlled by third party payers.
C) Health care in the present is controlled by physicians.
D) Health care in the present is dictated by the patient.
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Page 58
Chapter 57: Health Policy
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Q1) Which branch of government is responsible for the execution of laws passed by legislatures?
A) Legislative
B) Judicial
C) Executive
D) Local
Q2) Which of the following components are included in health policy at the state level?
A) Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990
B) Scope of nursing practice
C) Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) of 1996
D) Patient Safety and Quality Improvement Act of 2005
Q3) A definition of health policy includes which of the following elements?
A) Funding for public education
B) Appropriation of funds for roadwork
C) Selection of congressional members of committees
D) Public policy made to support health-related goals
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Chapter 58: Health Care Law
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is true about health care legislation?
A) The US Constitution addresses health care law specifically to give the federal government the ability to license professionals and institutions.
B) The power of the US Constitution does not have a direct relationship to health care and reserves most of the power to the states.
C) State laws are considered the highest source of health care law and trump the federal laws.
D) The federal government asserts its power over health care legislation through the US Constitution.
Q2) The new nurse correctly defines a law when stating which information?
A) "Law is a fundamental concept for health care professionals."
B) "Law's rule is developed by the employee's organization."
C) "Law's rule is enacted by a government agency that defines what must be done in a given circumstance."
D) "Law is a mandate from the Joint Commission or other accrediting agency."
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