Nursing Concepts in Gerontology
Mock Exam
Course Introduction
Nursing Concepts in Gerontology explores the foundational principles and specialized knowledge required to care for older adults in various healthcare settings. The course emphasizes age-related physiological changes, psychosocial adaptations, and the complexities of chronic illness management unique to geriatric populations. Students will learn to assess, plan, and implement evidence-based nursing interventions that promote health, independence, and quality of life for elders. Ethical and legal considerations, cultural influences on aging, interprofessional collaboration, and strategies for communicating effectively with older adults and their families are also examined, preparing students to deliver holistic and compassionate gerontological nursing care.
Recommended Textbook
Ebersole and Hess Gerontological Nursing Healthy Aging 4th Edition by Theris A.
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426 Verified Questions
426 Flashcards
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Page 2
Touhy
Chapter 1: Introduction to Healthy Aging
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22 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse prepares for the arrival of older adults evacuated from a hurricane to a shelter for short-term care.Which of the following is the priority nursing intervention?
A) Demonstrate that the staff is prepared to meet their needs.
B) Use individual medical records to develop a medication plan.
C) Help older adults display family photographs and memorabilia.
D) Help older adults teach one another a new skill in the shelter.
Answer: B
Q2) The nurse develops a community program to promote exercise for older adults.Which should the nurse include in the exercise program?
A) Reinforce the ease of exercising every day.
B) Use exercise to relax any dietary restrictions.
C) Describe ways to resume exercise after lapses.
D) Participate because exercise achieves wellness.
Answer: C
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3
Chapter 2: Gerontological Nursing History, Education, and Roles
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which gerontological organization had a significant influence on the care of older adults?
A) American Association of Retired Persons (AARP)
B) John Hartford Foundation
C) Medicare
D) Mutual of Omaha Insurance
Answer: B
Q2) Several organizations collaborated in 2001 to publish Scope and Standards of Gerontological Nursing Practice by the ANA.What is the significance of the collaborative effort to gerontological nurses?
A) Changes the health care delivery to increasing numbers of older adults
B) Mandates gerontological certification for nurses who care for older adults
C) Standardizes gerontological nursing practice among various organizations
D) Ensures minimum gerontological competencies for all graduating students
Answer: C
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Chapter 3: Care Across the Continuum
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Sample Questions
Q1) A family that has three small children prepares to move an older female parent into their home knowing that she stays up all night.The nurse helps the family prepare for the change.Which part of planning should the nurse indicate is the family's priority?
A) Sharing household responsibilities
B) Preparing the house for her arrival
C) Helping her use her skills and talents
D) Setting limits on nighttime activities
Answer: B
Q2) The nurse prepares to transfer an older adult to a long-term care facility and calls the facility to give a report.Which nursing actions are the responsibilities of the transferring nurse and the receiving nurse?
A) Incorporating patient goals into the plan
B) Ensuring the patient is stable for transfer
C) Supplying patient documents for planning
D) Providing continuity of care during the transfer
Answer: D
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Chapter 4: Culture and Aging
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which health belief system uses treatments to repair a body part?
A) Holistic
B) Biomedical
C) Personalistic
D) Magicoreligious
Q2) Which of the following is a true statement about gerontological nursing for patients of different races and ethnic backgrounds?
A) The fact that a nurse is white has no bearing on the nurse's ability to care for minority patients or patients of color.
B) An encyclopedic accumulation of details of a particular culture is the best preparation for caring for persons from that culture.
C) A nurse who works in Illinois does not need to be as concerned about sensitivity to multiple cultures as the nurse who works in California.
D) Facial expressions, body language, posture, and touch are important elements of communication between a nurse and a patient from a different ethnicity.
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6
Chapter 5: Theories of Aging and Physical Changes
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which factor(s)associated with aging contribute(s)to the high incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus in older adults?
A) Fewer T-lymphocytes
B) Less lean muscle mass
C) Decreased thyroid function
D) Decreased physical activity
E) Left ventricular hypertrophy
F)Decreased insulin sensitivity
Q2) The nurse designs a group exercise program at a senior center.Which room should the nurse choose for the program?
A) Room with a beautiful hardwood floor tastefully appointed with throw rugs
B) Spacious room with no windows but with fluorescent lighting and a natural stone floor
C) Room with a hardwood floor and large windows overlooking a garden area
D) End room with a linoleum floor and a fan for ventilation to compensate for the room's broken air conditioner
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Chapter 6: Social, Psychological, Spiritual, and Cognitive Aspects of Aging
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which role is most likely to have a significant effect on the type of aging process experienced by the older adult?
A) Grandparent
B) Spouse
C) Friend
D) Parent
Q2) Which of the following is a true statement about neuropsychiatric function in older adults?
A) Overall cognitive abilities are progressively degraded by neuron loss in the cerebral cortex with aging.
B) Improving cognitive functions in an older person calls for sporadic mental activity around ideas the person finds significant and interesting.
C) Nerve cells regenerate in the hippocampus.
D) Mood does not influence an older person ability to remember verbal instructions.
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Chapter 7: Assessment and Documentation for Optimal Care
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which option is not a primary reason that documentation is important?
A) Documentation enables the team to provide care to meet a resident's individual needs.
B) Documentation helps defend the nurse in the event of a possible lawsuit.
C) Documentation enables a patient to receive consistent care from one shift to the next.
D) Documentation is the basis for reimbursement to the facility.
Q2) Which of the following is a true statement about documentation?
A) Nurses should keep records of patients' wishes.
B) Patients do not have access to their own medical records.
C) The Outcomes and Assessment Information Set (OASIS) is a complete record of the health status of a patient.
D) The nurse is responsible for completing all of the Minimum Data Set (MDS).
Q3) Which mental status assessment tool(s)would be appropriate for use in long-term care facilities?
A) Fulmer SPICES
B) Clock Drawing Test
C) The Mini-Cog
D) Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE)
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Chapter 8: Safe Medication Use
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which medication is correctly matched to the condition given of an older adult patient according to current medical knowledge?
A) Methylphenidate (Ritalin) for depression at bedtime
B) Buspirone (BuSpar) for chronic anxiety states
C) Amitriptyline (Elavil) for depression in the morning
D) Haloperidol (Haldol) long-term for psychotic behavior
Q2) An older woman who takes escitalopram (Lexapro)10 mg by mouth daily states she does not feel better after 1 week of treatment.Rank the interventions in order,starting with the first intervention the nurse should implement to facilitate patient compliance with therapy.
A) Tell her that the beneficial effects can take 4 to 6 weeks to appear.
B) Instruct her to take the medication as prescribed without stopping.
C) Suggest hard candy, ice chips, and sips of water for a dry mouth.
D) Collaborate with the health care provider to provide an increased dose.
E) None of the above
Q3) Which process is increased in the early morning?
A) Fibrinolytic activity
B) Blood plasma
C) Asthma symptoms
D) Rheumatoid arthritis pain
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Chapter 9: Nutrition and Hydration
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is a true statement about fluid intake for older adults?
A) Daily total volume should be 1500 ml to 2000 ml.
B) Coffee is a suitable beverage for maintaining hydration.
C) Caffeinated beverages are sometimes preferable to water.
D) Total daily fluid intake should be approximately 10 ml per kg of body weight.
Q2) Which of the following is a true statement?
A) Urine flow gradually decreases in older age.
B) Older adults generally need less fluid than younger people because of their lower body water content.
C) Urine-specific gravity and skin turgor can be used to diagnose dehydration in older adults and in younger people.
D) Multiple physiological changes of aging place older adults at a greater risk of dehydration than middle-aged persons or children.
Q3) Which medication(s)affect appetite and nutrition in the older adult?
A) Digoxin
B) Theophylline
C) Iron supplements
D) Aspirin
E) Phenergan
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Page 11
Chapter 10: Elimination
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Sample Questions
Q1) An older adult is in the hospital because of heart failure and has become incontinent of urine.Which evidence-based resource should the nurse use to guide continence care for this patient?
A) Nursing Standard Practice Protocol
B) The Borun Center training modules
C) Toolkit from the American Geriatrics Society
D) The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services
Q2) A large residual urine volume characterizes what type of incontinence?
A) Urge
B) Stress
C) Overflow
D) Functional
Q3) The nurse assesses a male resident in a nursing home for urinary incontinence and determines that he is unaware of the problem.Which recommendation should the nurse implement?
A) Limit oral fluid intake.
B) Provide regular toileting.
C) Apply absorbent undergarment.
D) Encourage frequent rest periods.
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Page 12
Chapter 11: Rest, Sleep, and Activity
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is the difference between rest and sleep?
A) Sleep occurs with rest.
B) Rest is an extension of sleep.
C) Rest occurs only in brief periods.
D) Sleep is restorative and recuperative.
Q2) The nurse expresses concern about a female nursing home resident in the team meeting.Which resident information determines the team's priority in planning her care?
A) Experiences several interruptions with sleep
B) Has had coronary bypass graft surgery during the last year
C) Needs increasing help with personal hygiene
D) Eats insufficient calories to maintain her weight
Q3) The nurse completes an admission assessment on an older adult patient.The nurse identifies which factor that may contribute to sleep problems?
A) Exposure to sunlight
B) Polypharmacy
C) Use of a sleep aid
D) Decreased fluid intake
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13
Chapter 12: Promoting Healthy Skin and Feet
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is an important consideration about the skin of an older adult person?
A) Generous amounts of soap should be used for cleansing.
B) Sweat gland activity increases.
C) Skin becomes more vulnerable to damage.
D) Skin becomes darker in unexposed areas.
Q2) Which infection-control practice should the nurse implement when caring for an older adult who has active herpes zoster?
A) Wear a face shield and gown for all patient contact.
B) Instruct the staff and visitors to wear a type of respirator mask.
C) Use a hospital room that has negative airflow circulation.
D) Cover ruptured skin lesions with a nonabsorbent dressing.
Q3) Which of the following patient(s)does the nurse identify as at risk for developing fungal infections?
A) Obesity
B) Multiple sclerosis
C) Impaired mental status
D) Incontinent
E) Bedridden
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Chapter 13: Promoting Safety
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse assesses the quality of which of the following patient characteristics when applying the Get-Up-and-Go test from the Hendrich II Fall Risk Model?
A) Stride
B) Speed
C) Balance
D) Flexibility
Q2) Which factors in the patient care environment should be routinely assessed to decrease the risk of falls?
A) Outdoor grounds
B) Appropriate footwear
C) All four bed rails raised
D) Grab bars in place
Q3) Which one of the following is a true statement about mobility and safety for older adults?
A) Use of restraints on older patients helps prevent injuries from falls.
B) Falls that do not cause physical injury are not significant.
C) The get-up-and-go test provides a measure of a patient's energy and initiative.
D) Lowering the bed and fluorescent tapes are interventions to increase safety.
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15
Chapter 14: Living With Chronic Illness
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following describes the nurse's role for an older patient with a chronic illness?
A) Implement an individualized therapeutic regimen that brings about a cure.
B) Provide caring to help the patient live at the optimal level of health and wellness.
C) Suggest that the patient accept eventual death to reduce the burdens on the patient's family.
D) Encourage the patient to minimize the use of services to control costs.
Q2) Over 50% of the population,aged 65 years and older,suffers from which one of the following chronic health conditions?
A) Hypertension
B) Renal failure
C) Multiple sclerosis
D) Cancer
Q3) Acute illness is to chronic illness as to which of the following comparisons?
A) An emergency department is to a nursing home
B) A hospital staff nurse is to a nurse practitioner
C) Health insurance is to Medicare for older adults
D) Inpatient surgical care is to outpatient medical care
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Chapter 15: Pain and Comfort
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Sample Questions
Q1) The safest opioid analgesic choice for an older patient who has severe acute pain is which of the following?
A) Meperidine (Demerol)
B) Pentazocine (Talwin)
C) Morphine sulfate (Morphine)
D) Safe opioids do not exist.
Q2) Which type of pain tends to occur persistently along a well-defined path in a region of the body?
A) Unrelenting pain
B) Osteoarthritic pain
C) Postoperative pain
D) Postherpetic pain
Q3) Which of the following statements is true about analgesic medications for older adults?
A) Opioids are less effective in older patients than in younger patients.
B) Stool softeners and laxatives should be used with opioids.
C) Over-the-counter NSAIDs are generally harmless.
D) The dose limit for acetaminophen is difficult to reach for older adults.
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17
Chapter 16: Diseases Affecting Vision and Hearing
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Sample Questions
Q1) The children of an older man believe he is too old to drive a car.Which assessment information about the man warrants further investigation by the nurse to determine his fitness to drive a car safely?
A) Increased rate of tripping on curbs
B) Increased frequency of getting lost
C) Multiple bruises on lower extremities
D) Restricts reading to a well-lit sunroom
E) Socializes with a partner's bridge group
F)Cooks gourmet meals for entertainment
Q2) The nurse recognized which of the following as symptoms of wet age-related macular degeneration (AMD)?
A) Rarely causes severe visual impairment
B) Yellow deposits under the retina
C) Decrease in central vision
D) Visual distortion
Q3) Which population groups are most at risk for developing macular degeneration?
A) African American
B) Asian American
C) Caucasian
D) Hispanic
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Chapter 17: Metabolic Disorders
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse assists an older man who has type 2 diabetes mellitus to improve his glucose control.Which of the following instructions does the nurse give to this individual when he plans to walk more than usual in one day?
A) Omit antidiabetic medication.
B) Wear sturdy open-toed shoes.
C) Supplement caloric intake.
D) Prepare to administer insulin.
Q2) Which laboratory results are goals for reducing a person's risk for diabetes and heart disease?
A) Triglycerides over 150 mg/dl
B) Cholesterol 250 mg/dl
C) High-density lipoprotein (HDL) over 40 mg/d
D) Fasting blood glucose under 150 mg/dl
Q3) When teaching a patient about foods that do not increase blood glucose,which should the nurse include?
A) White bread
B) Baked beans
C) Broccoli
D) Corn
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Page 19
Chapter 18: Bone and Joint Problems
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following characteristics of RA are unlike those of OA?
A) Myalgia and stiffness
B) Joint pain that is curable
C) Crepitus and instability
D) Systemic and symmetrical
Q2) An older man who has hyperuricemia complains of severe pain in the right ankle.Which instructions should the nurse include in patient teaching to enhance the action of the medication the patient takes for his condition?
A) Avoid dehydration by drinking water.
B) Take aspirin when joints are red and hot.
C) Comply with antihypertensive diuretic regimen.
D) Avoid game meat, asparagus, and alcohol.
Q3) Which of the following is a true statement about joints in older adults?
A) OA is an inflammatory joint disorder.
B) Surgical joint replacement can cure OA.
C) Joint damage in OA is reversed with medication.
D) Very old patients should avoid joint replacement surgery.
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Chapter 19: Cardiovascular and Respiratory Disorders
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse understands that heart disease risk factors are which of the following?
A) Age
B) Hypertension
C) Diabetes
D) Macular degeneration
Q2) The nurse should instruct a patient on which of the following modifiable risk factor(s)for essential hypertension?
A) Tobacco use
B) Alcohol
C) Stress management
D) Adequate rest
Q3) Which of the following is a true statement about tuberculosis (TB)in older adults?
A) The principal threat from TB is its highly contagious nature.
B) The tuberculin purified protein derivative (PPD) is a conclusive test for TB.
C) Antimicrobial drugs have made TB an infection of the past.
D) Older persons, particularly those in nursing homes, are at risk for TB.
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Chapter 20: Neurological Disorders
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse is caring for a patient who has had a stroke.The nurse is concerned the patient will develop contractures.Which intervention should the nurse implement?
A) Use tennis shoes while in bed.
B) Turn the patient onto the affected side, resting on the shoulder.
C) Use paraffin wax for hand soaks.
D) Conduct passive range-of-motion movements to the affected extremities.
Q2) Which of the following behavior modifications should the nurse instruct a patient to accomplish to help reduce the risk factors for an occurrence of a stroke.
A) Increase the intake of green, leafy vegetables.
B) Stop smoking.
C) Control blood pressure.
D) Increase physical activity.
Q3) Persons with _____________ _______________ usually understand others but speak very slowly and use a minimal number of words.
Q4) _____________ _____________ is the result of a lesion in the part of the brain adjacent to the primary auditory cortex (Wernicke area).
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Page 22
Chapter 21: Cognitive Impairment
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse working in a long-term care facility completes her morning assessment on a new postoperative patient and notes a change in cognitive status from the previous day? The nurse recognizes which of the following as a precipitating factor for delirium?
A) Major medical treatment
B) Poor sleep habits
C) Admission to long-term care
D) Pharmacological agents
Q2) Which assessment parameter should the nurse use to differentiate between delirium and depression in an older adult?
A) Orientation
B) Activity
C) Course over the morning hours
D) Psychomotor activity
Q3) Which of the following should the nurse use to assess a nonverbal older adult for delirium?
A) Cranial nerves XI and XII
B) Confusion Assessment Method
C) MMSE-2
D) Controlled Word Association Test
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Page 23
Chapter 22: Mental Health
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements is true about the mental health of older adults?
A) Nurses should discourage denial and regression so older adults can directly face underlying causes of anxiety.
B) Anxiety is easily distinguished from depression, dementia, and the effects of disease or medication.
C) Compulsive rituals surrounding toileting and sleep are signs of a serious mental disorder.
D) The nurse avoids antianxiety medications without an assessment for factors associated with anxiety.
Q2) An older woman with dementia exhibits new behaviors including crying and repeatedly verbalizing the same phrase; further,the behavior has increased over 2 days.Which intervention should the nurse implement in response to this behavior?
A) Tell her you will remember what she says if she stops crying.
B) Attribute these findings to a deterioration in cognitive function.
C) Check the medication administration record for missed doses.
D) Present probing questions to the patient about her behavior.
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Chapter 23: Economic and Legal Issues
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Q1) The wife of an older man who has diabetes mellitus brings him to primary care.He has severe bilateral infections forming black rings around each ankle.He tells the nurse it is caused by tight shoes.Which intervention should the nurse implement first to investigate this individual's health care regimen?
A) Examine his health insurance coverage.
B) Question the man without the wife present.
C) Consult with social services about neglect.
D) Analyze his glycosylated hemoglobin level.
Q2) Which is the fundamental difference between Medicare Part A and Medicare Part B?
A) Hospice care
B) Health care setting
C) Home care services
D) Invasive procedures
Q3) When an older adult is considering long-term care insurance (LTCI),which is an important consideration?
A) Carefully scrutinize all exclusions before enrolling.
B) Apply at the oldest age possible for lower rates.
C) Avoid purchasing LTCI through a group policy.
D) Delay application until the government sponsors LTCI.
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Page 25
Chapter 24: Relationships, Roles, and Transitions
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Q1) The community health nurse delivers a program to middle-aged adults about retirement planning and wants to them to choose the year of their retirement.Which is the most important area on which the participants should focus to ease the transition to retirement?
A) Kind of legacy they want to leave behind
B) Type of setting for their personal residence
C) Location of convenient health care services
D) Ability to maintain a stable standard of living
Q2) Which is the most important element for older adults to have for enhancing the transition into retirement?
A) Good health
B) Private pension
C) 401k retirement plan
D) Preretirement planning
Q3) Which population(s)is(are)most at risk for developing HIV?
A) Those over the age of 50 years
B) Women
C) Those who are cognitively impaired
D) Those who are sexually active
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Page 26
Chapter 25: Loss, Death, and Palliative Care
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Q1) A patient loses her husband because of a sudden myocardial infarction,and she blames herself for not recognizing the warning signs.Which patient outcome associated with her loss should the nurse use to plan care?
A) Meets her daily responsibilities
B) Expresses feelings of guilt, fear, anger, or sadness
C) Assesses the causes of the dysfunctional grieving processes
D) Identifies problems connected to anticipatory grief
Q2) Which of the following interventions is recommended for an older adult in the final stages of dying?
A) Apply an electric blanket to keep the patient warm.
B) Lower the head of the bed, and turn the head to the side.
C) Decrease the number of visitors.
D) Support the preservation of energy.
Q3) Those who cope less effectively may exhibit which of the following?
A) Avoids avoidance
B) Confronts reality
C) Is demanding
D) Is rigid
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