Nursing Care of Older Adults Test
Questions
Course Introduction
Nursing Care of Older Adults explores the unique health needs and challenges faced by aging populations, focusing on holistic, evidence-based nursing practices that promote optimal well-being and quality of life. The course covers age-related physiological and psychosocial changes, common chronic illnesses, geriatric syndromes, medication management, health promotion, and end-of-life care. Emphasis is placed on patient-centered assessment, communication, and culturally competent care, as well as collaboration within interdisciplinary healthcare teams to support older adults and their families in diverse settings.
Recommended Textbook
Toward Healthy Aging Human Needs and Nursing Response 7th Edition by Priscilla Ebersole
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262 Verified Questions
262 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: Gerontological Nursing and an Aging Society
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Sample Questions
Q1) The Scope and Standards of Gerontological Nursing Practice:
A) identifies minimum nurse staffing levels for both acute and long-term care facilities.
B) describes minimum gerontological nursing education required for nursing staff in long-term care facilities.
C) mandates the presence of a full-time advanced practice nurse (APN),either a gerontological clinical nurse specialist or a geriatric nurse practitioner,for all patient care areas with greater than 50% of the population older than age 65.
D) identifies levels of clinical gerontological care and gerontological nursing performance.
Answer: D
Q2) The following services are commonly offered by state Area Agencies on Aging (AAAs),except:
A) senior centers.
B) nutrition centers.
C) long-term care ombudsman.
D) primary health care.
Answer: D
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Chapter 2: Theories of Aging
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Sample Questions
Q1) During her nursing admission assessment,your patient tells you that she is taking several herbs and supplements because she heard that they can slow down the aging process.She asks you if this is true.When answering her,which theory of aging should you consider?
A) Cross-link theory
B) Error theory
C) Free radical theory
D) Nutrition theory
Answer: C
Q2) Select the true statement regarding the nonstochastic group of theories.
A) Aging events occur randomly.
B) Biological aging is genetically programmed.
C) Aging is a result of an accumulation of errors in RNA and DNA metabolism.
D) The free radical theory is an example of this type of theory.
Answer: B
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4
Chapter 3: Health and Wellness
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Sample Questions
Q1) A 68-year-old patient is being seen in the geriatric clinic for her annual physical examination.The nurse practitioner states that she is going to do a pelvic examination and Pap smear.The patient asks the nurse,"Since my husband died,I am no longer sexually active.I don't think I need a pelvic exam anymore.What do you think?" The nurse bases her response on the knowledge that:
A) Pelvic examinations and Pap smears are not necessary in individuals older than age 65 who are no longer sexually active.
B) Pelvic examinations and Pap smears are only done in individuals older than age 65 who have specific gynecological complaints.
C) Pelvic examinations and Pap smears are performed annually until age 70.After age 70,they are no longer necessary if three or more consecutive examinations were negative in the previous 10 years.
D) Pelvic examinations and Pap smears are performed annually in all females,regardless of age.
Answer: C
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Chapter 4: Physiological Changes with Aging
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Sample Questions
Q1) A 97-year-old patient is admitted to the medical unit with pneumonia.He was treated as an outpatient with oral antibiotics and was only admitted for intravenous antibiotics when his symptoms did not resolve.He has a productive cough and bilateral congestion and is complaining of weakness.His vital signs are 106/78,82,24,and a temperature of 97 degrees (oral).His granddaughter asks you,"Why isn't grandpa running a fever? He is so very sick." You answer her based on the knowledge that:
A) he is no longer febrile because his pneumonia is resolved.
B) in a 97-year-old,a temperature of 97 degrees is considered febrile.
C) a lack of fever cannot be used to rule out an infection in older adults.
D) oral temperatures are always inaccurate in older adults.
Q2) You are caring for an 89-year-old woman who was admitted to the hospital for weakness and a cough.In her assessment,the client describes that she has to go to the bathroom frequently and manages this by monitoring her fluid intake,especially before going to bed.She has no pain or discomfort with voiding.The nurse knows:
A) that this is normal for a woman her age.
B) that this is indicative of a urinary tract infection.
C) that this is a sign of diabetes.
D) that the patient is drinking too many fluids.
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Chapter 5: Laboratory Values and Diagnostics
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Sample Questions
Q1) You are a nurse working in a community health center that is sponsoring a program that offers free prostate-specific antigen (PSA)blood tests to all men older than age 50.A man approaches you and asks,"What is this all about?" What is the best response to him?
A) "PSA is one of the primary screening tests for prostate cancer.All men older than 50 should be screened for prostate cancer."
B) "PSA is a definitive way to diagnose prostate cancer.All men older than 50 should be screened for prostate cancer."
C) "PSA is indicated when a man has other symptoms of prostate cancer."
D) "PSA is invalid unless a digital rectal exam is done immediately before the blood sample being drawn."
Q2) While looking at your patient's laboratory values,you note the following values.Which contains an alteration (increase or decrease)that you might expect with aging?
A) Potassium 4.5 mEq/L
B) Blood urea nitrogen (BUN)10 mg/dL
C) Creatinine 0.8 mg/dL
D) Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)20 mm/hr
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Chapter 6: Health Assessment in Gerontological Nursing
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Sample Questions
Q1) An 88-year-old woman with a new diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease is being cared for by her daughter,who is eager to honor her mother's wishes to be cared for at home and not be placed in a nursing home.The visiting nurse makes her initial home visit and administers the Family APGAR in order to assess the:
A) caregiver's perception of emotional and social support with a new diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease.
B) patient.
C) environmental changes needed to enhance function.
D) degree of physical assistance that the patient and caregiver need.
Q2) The FANCAPES assessment tool:
A) appraises the older adult's ability to meet his or her needs and the amount of assistance needed.
B) evaluates the older adult's ability to perform instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs).
C) assesses the older adult's cognitive abilities.
D) assesses the level of dementia present.
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Chapter 7: Managing Basic Physiological Needs
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Sample Questions
Q1) You are a nurse on the Acute Care for the Elderly unit in a large academic medical center.One of the performance improvement projects of your unit is to implement a protocol to decrease the use of indwelling urinary catheters.The major reason for the choice of this project is that:
A) urinary catheters are very costly.
B) long-term catheter use increases the risk of urinary tract infections.
C) long-term catheter use causes pain in older adults.
D) intermittent catheterization is very time consuming.
Q2) An older adult has Alzheimer's disease.His wife says he gets up at night and wanders around the house.What suggestion given by the nurse would be most appropriate?
A) "Ask your physician to prescribe strong sedatives."
B) "Increase his daily activity by taking him on frequent walks."
C) "Try using a restraint jacket at night."
D) "He needs his rest,so make sure he takes a nap during the day."
Q3) Older adults with sleep apnea:
A) experience excessive deep sleep.
B) are often slim and underweight.
C) have an increased risk for sudden death and stroke.
D) experience excessive tension in the muscles of the throat and soft palate.
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Page 9
Chapter 8: Biological Maintenance Needs
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Sample Questions
Q1) Normal age-related changes in the mouth include:
A) thickening of the enamel on the teeth.
B) recession of the gums.
C) increase in saliva production
D) leukoplakia.
Q2) An important consideration about the skin of an elderly person is that:
A) generous amounts of soap should be used as cleanser.
B) sweat glands increase in activity.
C) the patient's thermoregulating capabilities are decreased.
D) the epidermis becomes thicker and harder.
Q3) An 88-year-old resident in a long-term care facility tells the nurse she is having mouth pain.The first action the gerontological nurse should take is to:
A) notify the physician in charge about the resident's problem.
B) carefully inspect the resident's mouth,teeth,and tongue.
C) medicate the resident with a prescribed analgesic.
D) instruct the resident to begin rinsing the mouth with an antimicrobial mouthwash.
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Chapter 9: Nutritional Needs
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Sample Questions
Q1) A 78-year-old female is admitted to the long-term care facility after a hospitalization for pneumonia.She has a history of a right cerebrovascular accident and dysphagia.When preparing the room for this patient,what equipment is most important in the care of this patient?
A) A room close to the nursing station
B) An adjustable height bed that goes low to the floor
C) A suction machine
D) Oxygen at bedside
Q2) The following are reliable methods to evaluate obesity except:
A) BMI (body mass index).
B) WHR (waist-hip ratio).
C) weight and height evaluation using a table of desirable weight.
D) weight greater than 150% of ideal body weight.
Q3) An 80-year-old patient has gout.Diet teaching should include the avoidance of alcohol and:
A) foods high in purine.
B) foods high in calcium.
C) foods high in phosphorous.
D) foods high in magnesium.
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Page 11
Chapter 10: Chronic Disease in Late Life
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Sample Questions
Q1) As the nurse plans to instruct a chronically ill older adult about the changes needed to maintain his health,what statement is most appropriate to consider in establishing goals for behavior change?
A) Management of the client's chronic disease rests on the client and caregiver; goals should be set in collaboration.
B) The client will be able to make needed changes in his life if the nurse provides accurate written instructions.
C) Psychological functioning is usually impaired only to a small extent in a client with chronic illness.
D) The client's values,culture,and beliefs have little to do with the types of changes he will be able to make.
Q2) An 86-year-old woman is diagnosed with diverticulosis on her routine colonoscopy.She asks you how she got this problem.You base your answer on the knowledge that the risk factors for diverticulosis include:
A) increased intake of dairy products.
B) overuse of laxatives.
C) infection with the bacterium Helicobacter pylori.
D) a diet low in fiber.
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Chapter 11: Pain and Comfort
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Sample Questions
Q1) A 78-year-old client is being seen in the geriatrician's office for a blood pressure check.She has a history of hypertension and osteoarthritis,and has recently fallen and fractured two ribs.She has been prescribed extra strength Tylenol for the pain.What statement by the client requires further evaluation by the nurse?
A) "I find that when I drink herbal tea and then take my Tylenol at bedtime,I sleep through the whole night."
B) "I heard that meditation may help me deal with the pain without taking all that Tylenol."
C) "I take two extra strength Tylenol tablets (500 mg/tablet)every 4 hours around-the-clock and it helps my pain."
D) "I make sure that I take my Tylenol with breakfast when I first get up."
Q2) Compared with acute pain,persistent pain:
A) leads to markedly altered vital signs.
B) is usually described as a burning pain.
C) is generally gone within 4 months.
D) can lead to lifestyle changes.
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Page 13
Chapter 12: Geropharmacology
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Sample Questions
Q1) An 81-year-old patient is being discharged from the hospital to home.She is on seven different medications,which are to be taken at four different times during the day.What would be most useful in helping this patient manage her medications?
A) Providing package inserts from all of the medications for the patient to read
B) Providing a pillbox with compartments for each day and each of the doses
C) Providing a written list of the medications
D) Asking the patient's daughter to administer the patient's medications
Q2) You are the nurse performing the initial assessment on a new patient in the geriatric outpatient practice.What approach would be most effective in eliciting an accurate medication assessment?
A) Asking the patient to make a list of all her prescription medications
B) Asking the patient's daughter to make a list of her mother's prescription medications
C) Asking the patient to bring in all of the medications that she is taking,including prescription drugs,over-the-counter drugs (OTC),and herbal and dietary supplements
D) Obtaining a list of the patient's medications from her previous primary care provider
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14
Chapter 13: The Use of Herbs and Supplements in Late Life
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Sample Questions
Q1) A patient is admitted to a medical nursing unit.On his admission interview,he tells the nurse that he takes ginkgo biloba daily.As a nurse,you understand that this herbal supplement can cause:
A) depression with paranoia.
B) gastrointestinal (GI)upset and headache.
C) impotence and sterility.
D) pneumonia and bronchitis.
Q2) An 88-year-old woman is being seen for the first time at the outpatient geriatric clinic.When the nurse completes her nursing admission history,she asks the patient about her medication list.She inquires about the use of herbs and other supplements as well as prescription medications.The reason for this inquiry is that herbs and supplements:
A) may interact with prescription medications.
B) are hazardous when used by older adults.
C) replace the need for prescription medications.
D) cause excessive sedation in older adults
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15
Chapter 14: Sensory Function
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Sample Questions
Q1) You are preparing a 78-year-old client with an alteration in olfaction for discharge home.Which topics should be included in the patient education plan to prepare for discharge? (Choose all that apply.)
A) Date and label all foods.
B) Remove trash from home weekly.
C) Place natural gas detectors near gas heater or stove.
D) Use perfumes and colognes in moderation.
Q2) You are assessing your elderly client for tinnitus.Which statement correctly describes this symptom?
A) It is characterized by hissing,buzzing,or ringing in the ears.
B) It is never related to metabolic conditions.
C) It always accompanies hearing loss.
D) It is characterized by silence.
Q3) An 86-year-old nursing home resident is being evaluated for a hearing disorder.What is the most common and easily corrected of all interferences in the hearing of older adults?
A) Otosclerosis
B) Tinnitus
C) Cerumen impaction
D) Ototoxic drug therapy
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Chapter 15: Mobility
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Sample Questions
Q1) You are answering your elderly client's questions about diet,exercise,and bone integrity.Which exercise would you inform her is the least effective in preventing bone demineralization?
A) Jogging
B) Jumping rope
C) Swimming
D) Walking
Q2) A 68-year-old female patient has a history of osteoporosis.She is on your surgical ward because of her recent wrist surgery.She is on the following medications: heparin 5000 units subcutaneously q12hr,Tums (calcium carbonate)1 tablet after meals and at bedtime,calcitonin 100 international units IM every morning,and Premarin (estrogen)0.3 mg PO,every morning.In writing your care plan,you identify risk for injury related to demineralization of bone.Which medication would be most likely to interfere with her bone integrity?
A) Heparin
B) Premarin
C) Calcitonin
D) Tums
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Chapter 16: Environmental Safety and Security
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Sample Questions
Q1) You notice that a newly admitted resident to the long-term care facility insists on maintaining a large collection of personal items on her bedside table,including several photographs of her deceased husband.As you are walking by the door to her room,you overhear an argument between the resident and a nursing assistant who is encouraging her to store the personal items in her dresser drawer.You intervene,realizing that:
A) this is an attempt by the resident to maintain a sense of personal space.
B) the resident is not coping well with the loss of her spouse and is using the photographs in an attempt to live in the past
C) the resident is exhibiting combative behavior,which may be an early warning sign of dementia.
D) the resident is exhibiting controlling,manipulative behavior and needs to learn the rules of the institution.
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18
Chapter 17: Economic,Residential,and Legal Issues
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Sample Questions
Q1) An 82-year-old widow was admitted to the hospital after sustaining a fall.She was found by the superintendent of her apartment building after she was not seen for 4 days.She has no living relatives.Cognitive testing performed at the time of hospital admission revealed mild cognitive impairment.The interdisciplinary team on the Acute Care for the Elderly Unit recommends long-term care placement,and guardianship is sought.The woman asks what this means.You base your response on the knowledge that:
A) a guardian is a person designated by the individual to make health care decisions when the individual is not able to.
B) a guardian is a person designated by the individual to make financial decisions when the individual is not able to.
C) a guardian is a person appointed by the court to have care,custody,and control of a disabled person and to manage personal and/or financial affairs.
D) a guardian is a person who is appointed by the court to make nursing home placement decisions only.
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Chapter 18: Frailty,Vulnerability,and Elder Mistreatment
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Sample Questions
Q1) Frailty is defined as a trajectory that begins at the point when:
A) the limitations in one's self-care are no longer temporary.
B) an individual is totally dependent in both activities of daily living and instrumental activities of daily living.
C) an individual experiences cognitive decline.
D) an individual is no longer able to live in the community.
Q2) A 90-year-old client tells her home care nurse that she must buy her neighbor's groceries or the neighbor will not take her to the store.This is an example of which type of elder mistreatment?
A) Abandonment
B) Abuse
C) Neglect
D) Exploitation
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Chapter 19: Intimacy and Sexuality in Late Life
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Sample Questions
Q1) A 77-year-old resident of a long-term care facility has dementia.He is nonverbal and requires assistance with all activities of daily living.The nurse aide reports that she observed the resident in the day room and he was masturbating.What is the first action of the nurse?
A) Remove the resident from the day room and complete an assessment of his behavior.
B) Cover the resident with a blanket and leave him in the day room.
C) Counsel the resident,telling him that his behavior is inappropriate.
D) Contact the resident's daughter to report his behavior.
Q2) Based on recent studies,which statement regarding touch and touch zones is most accurate?
A) Persons age 66 to 100 are the most often touched.
B) Newly graduated registered nurses tend to touch clients less often than senior nursing students.
C) When performing pericare on a client,you are working within the zone of intimacy.
D) The comfort of touch depends on place,situation,social status,and age.
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21
Chapter 20:
Transitions
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Sample Questions
Q1) A 68-year-old accountant is planning for retirement.He talks about volunteering in an animal shelter after he retires because he loves animals.What action would be most helpful in assisting him in adjusting to this new role?
A) Begin volunteering for an hour or two per week while he is still working.
B) Volunteer for 40 hours per week immediately upon retiring.
C) Choose a volunteer position in the animal shelter's financial office.
D) Seek a volunteer opportunity that offers a small stipend to supplement his pension.
Q2) An 82-year-old widow with Alzheimer's disease is being cared for at home by her daughter.Twice a week,the widow goes to an adult day care program.This is an example of:
A) long-term care.
B) a PACE program.
C) transitional care.
D) respite care.
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Chapter 21: Culture,Gender,and Aging
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Sample Questions
Q1) Select the true statement regarding cohort effect:
A) Birth cohort is important in understanding how one experiences a world event.
B) Each individual within a cohort experiences events in a similar way.
C) An example of applying the knowledge of cohort effect would be treating an elderly client exactly how your own grandfather would expect to be treated.
D) All generations share a similar perspective on life events.
Q2) Which is true about health care disparities among older adults?
A) Older adults of color have equal risk factors for vulnerability as all older adults.
B) Older adults of color have equal risk factors for vulnerability as young adults of the same ethnic group.
C) Older females of color have increased risk factors for vulnerability than do older males of the same ethnic group.
D) Health care disparities are only seen in older adults of color who receive care in public hospitals and clinics.
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Chapter 22: Nursing and Aging in Rural and Frontier Settings
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Q1) An older adult lives in a community of 4800 people.The nearest city is 90 minutes away.The prominent features of a rural area are:
A) easy access to urban facilities,industrialized,and densely populated.
B) low population size and density,physical remoteness,and in an ecologically natural area.
C) physical remoteness,moderate population,and some industry presence.
D) in an ecologically natural area,culturally diverse population,and access to full health services.
Q2) The following are true about "swing beds" in rural hospitals except:
A) they are acute care hospital beds that are used to provide nursing home level care in rural hospitals.
B) the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1980 legislation allowed for the development of this program in rural hospitals with less than 50 beds.
C) they provide for continuity of care for individuals who are awaiting a nursing home bed or in areas where there are no nursing homes close by.
D) they permit a hospital to receive the same reimbursement rate for nursing home care as they do for acute care.
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Page 24
Chapter 23: Cognition and Caring for Persons with Cognitive Impairment
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Sample Questions
Q1) The Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE)is a tool used to:
A) diagnose Alzheimer's disease.
B) provide a baseline mental status measurement and track changes.
C) diagnose delirium in hospitalized older adults.
D) predict the progression of cognitive changes.
Q2) Drug therapy with cholinesterase inhibitors such as donepezil,rivastigmine,and galantamine:
A) reverses the neuronal decline that is seen in Alzheimer's disease.
B) is given in high doses to prevent the appearance of cognitive symptoms.
C) is given long term even if the client shows slight decline.
D) has no reported side effects.
Q3) In evaluating the plan of care for an older adult with the nursing diagnosis Risk for Injury related to delirium,which evaluative statement would best suggest that the problem is resolving?
A) Client attempted to climb over the side rails.
B) Client manipulated intravenous pump,stating "I can't get this transformer to work."
C) Client correctly stated year and month but not date.
D) Client stated,"If we don't hurry,I'll miss the bus."
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Chapter 24: Stress,Crises,and Health in Aging
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Q1) A 76-year-old woman was recently admitted to a nursing home.She was transferred directly from the hospital after a hospitalization for a fall and subsequent hip replacement.Her daughter was not able to accompany her on the transfer to the nursing home.She is not eating well,refuses to take her medications,and prefers to sit in her room.Her daughter visits and expresses concern to the nurse.What suggestion is most appropriate for the nurse to suggest to the daughter?
A) Visit often and bring familiar objects from the patient's home to decorate her room.
B) Do not visit for a few weeks in order to give the patient time to get used to the facility.
C) Speak with the primary physician and request a psychiatric evaluation to rule out dementia.
D) Transfer the patient to a different facility because she is not adjusting to this one.
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Chapter 25: Emotional Health in Late Life
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Sample Questions
Q1) A 77-year-old woman recently moved to an assisted living facility.She expresses concern that her apartment is not close to the emergency exit stairs and that she could not get out in the event of an emergency.During a routine fire drill,she becomes very agitated and pushes another resident over as she quickly runs to the exit stairs.She was recently discharged from the hospital after an admission for smoke inhalation after a fire destroyed her home.What would be least helpful for her?
A) Instructing her on safe procedures during a fire drill
B) Establishing a supportive relationship with her
C) Moving her to an apartment close to the exist stairs
D) Allowing her to discuss her fears related to her fire experience
Q2) The goals of treatment for a depressed elderly client include the following except:
A) decreasing symptoms
B) reducing risk of relapse.
C) increasing quality of life.
D) increasing medication use.
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Chapter 26: Loss,Death,and Dying in Late Life
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Sample Questions
Q1) A woman died after a lengthy illness.Her brother failed to attend the funeral and family gatherings because he was on a drinking binge.He has always been the "black sheep" of the family due,in part,to his history of alcohol abuse.What best describes the brother's behavior?
A) Pathological grief
B) Anticipatory grief
C) Acute grief
D) Disenfranchised grief
Q2) A nurse was caring for a patient who died of a chronic illness.The family had been present with the patient constantly during the previous week,experiencing the dying process.The family was present when the patient stopped breathing,and had a very emotional reaction as if they were in a state of disbelief.The nurse interprets this behavior to be:
A) a normal response when experiencing the death of a loved one.
B) a maladaptive coping mechanism.
C) an irrational response.
D) an expression of anger toward the staff.
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Chapter 27: Self-Actualization,Spirituality,and Transcendence
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Sample Questions
Q1) A 92-year-old client of an adult day care center has Alzheimer's disease.The recreation therapist recommends a painting class for the client.Her daughter attends a team meeting and begins to laugh when she hears that her mother is attending a painting class and states: "Are you talking about my mother? Did you forget that she has Alzheimer's disease?" The nurse bases her response on the knowledge that:
A) creative activities are not limited to cognitively intact elders; even individuals with dementia can benefit from creative activities.
B) individuals with dementia who have rational language skills can benefit from creative activities.
C) cognitively impaired elders cannot benefit from creative activities due to altered brain processes.
D) cognitively impaired elders are usually too agitated to participate in creative arts.
Q2) Which refers to the highest level of human functioning,according to Maslow?
A) Biological or physiological integrity
B) Safety and security
C) Self-esteem
D) Self-actualization
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