Nursing Care of Older Adults
Exam Questions
Course Introduction
This course focuses on the principles and practices of nursing care for older adults, emphasizing the physiological, psychological, and social changes associated with aging. Students will explore common health issues in geriatric populations, including chronic illnesses, mobility challenges, cognitive changes, and end-of-life considerations. The course covers nursing assessment techniques, care planning, and interventions tailored to the unique needs of older adults. Ethical, cultural, and legal aspects of geriatric care are addressed, and students will gain skills to promote health, independence, and quality of life among older adult patients in a variety of healthcare settings.
Recommended Textbook
Basic Geriatric Nursing 6th Edition by Williams
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20 Chapters
546 Verified Questions
546 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: Trends and Issues
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32 Verified Questions
32 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) When do the conditions of a living will go into effect?
A) When the patient declares that desire in writing
B) When a family member indicates the desire for curative therapy to cease
C) When two physicians agree in writing that the criteria in the living will have been met
D) When the physician and a family member agree that the criteria in the living will have been met
Answer: C
Q2) What housing option for the older adult offers the privacy of an apartment with restaurant-style meals and some medical and personal care services?
A) Government-subsidized housing
B) Long-term care facility
C) Assisted-living center
D) Group housing plan
Answer: C
Q3) The nurse reminds a patient who was born in 1965 that eligibility for full Social Security benefits for persons of this age is now the age of __________.
Answer: 67
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Chapter 2: Theories of Aging
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Sample Questions
Q1) What age-related illnesses are thought to cause the accumulation of free radicals? (Select all that apply.)
A) Arthritis
B) Colon cancer
C) Osteoporosis
D) Diabetes
E) Atherosclerosis
Answer: A,D,E
Q2) The theory that identifies an unstable molecule as the causative factor in aging is the _____ theory.
A) free radical
B) molecular
C) neuroendocrine
D) crosslink
Answer: A
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Page 4
Chapter 3: Physiologic Changes
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Sample Questions
Q1) A person who experienced a hemorrhagic cardiac vascular accident (CVA) to the left hemisphere would demonstrate which type of symptoms?
A) Language disturbances
B) Poor impulse control
C) Inappropriate affect
D) Confabulation
Answer: A
Q2) What is the pathophysiology of a myocardial infarct?
A) A portion of the myocardium necroses and scars over.
B) The coronary vessels are narrowed during the attack.
C) The ischemic myocardium causes pain during the attack but is able to regenerate.
D) There is damage to the myocardium but no serious alteration of cardiac output.
Answer: A
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Chapter 4: Health Promotion, Health Maintenance, and
Home Health Considerations
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26 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) A 70-year-old male patient taking corticosteroids for rheumatoid arthritis asks the nurse if he should take the vaccination to prevent shingles. What would be the nurse's most helpful response?
A) "No. Persons with impaired immune systems should not take that vaccine."
B) "Yes. It would be a good idea to protect yourself from shingles."
C) "No. That vaccine is only effective in about 10% of the cases."
D) "Yes. The vaccine is very inexpensive and very effective."
Q2) The home health nurse is discussing oral hygiene with the older adult. Which of the following practices would be appropriate to add to the current maintenance plan?
A) A dental appointment every 2 years
B) Using a fluoride toothpaste
C) Thorough flossing every week
D) Use of an electric toothbrush
Q3) How often should a 75-year-old have a visual screening?
A) Every 6 months
B) Every 12 months
C) Every 2 years
D) On an as needed basis
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Chapter 5: Communicating with Older Adults
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Sample Questions
Q1) Why is it important for the nurse to be cautious when using medical jargon with an older adult patient?
A) It could become an opportunity to instruct the patient.
B) It could become an effective abbreviated communication shortcut.
C) It could become an indicator of formal communication.
D) It could become a communication barrier.
Q2) Which of the following best defines therapeutic communication?
A) Has a specific intent or purpose
B) Is the only form of professional communication
C) Should never be used in a social setting
D) Requires no special skills, just a willingness to listen
Q3) What would the nurse be conveying when using touch as a form of communication? (Select all that apply.)
A) Affection
B) Understanding
C) Concern
D) Apathy
E) Acknowledgment
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7
Chapter 6: Maintaining Fluid Balance and Meeting
Nutritional Needs
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30 Verified Questions
30 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse encourages a group of extended care residents to sit out on the sunny patio for an hour each day. What vitamin level is the nurse trying to improve?
A) A
B) B<sub>12</sub>
C) D
D) K
Q2) The nurse caring for the older adult patient who is taking a diuretic for control of hypertension should monitor the patient closely for signs of which of the following?
A) Hypokalemia
B) Hypocalcemia
C) Hyponatremia
D) Hyperkalemia
Q3) What factors influence nutritional needs? (Select all that apply.)
A) Bone density
B) Gender
C) Climate
D) Presence of illness
E) Body temperature
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Chapter 7: Medications and Older Adults
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Sample Questions
Q1) The physician has written an order to convert an enteric-coated medication from the pill form to the liquid form. What would be the most appropriate response of the nurse?
A) Transcribe the order and change the medication administration record to show the liquid form.
B) Use up the rest of the tablets by crushing them and giving them dissolved in water.
C) Order the liquid form from the pharmacy as ordered.
D) Inquire if the physician wants the dose to be the same as the pill.
Q2) The nurse crushes a pill and disguises the dose in the mashed potatoes of a resident in a long-term care facility who previously refused the drug. It is then fed to the patient by the nursing assistant. This should be considered an error because it __________. (Select all that apply.)
A) violates the patient's right to refuse medication
B) involves delegation of medication administration to the nursing assistant
C) increases the amount of time for the drug administration pass
D) becomes impossible to confirm the patient received the entire dose
E) alters the food
Q3) The primary organ of drug metabolism is the __________.
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Chapter 8: Health Assessment for Older Adults
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28 Verified Questions
28 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) How is objective data collected? (Select all that apply.)
A) Observation
B) Patient complaints
C) Physical examination
D) Laboratory findings
E) Family input
Q2) The nurse explains that the tool that allows the evaluation of core function in a resident in a long-term facility is the __________ __________ __________.
Q3) During the health interview, the older adult complains of vague physical gastrointestinal complaints, the inability to fall asleep, frequent periods of wakefulness during the night, and a decrease in appetite. What should the nurse inquire about?
A) Feelings of depression
B) Time of last bowel movement
C) Environmental stimuli that disturb sleep
D) Frequency and size of meals
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10
Chapter 9: Meeting Safety Needs of Older Adults
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse in a long-term care facility awards stickers to certified nursing assistants who consistently __________. (Select all that apply.)
A) report broken tiles in the shower room and bathrooms
B) mop up spills
C) assist residents to hurry
D) remind residents to use walkers
E) retie residents' shoelaces
Q2) The nurse is aware that the older adult is at greater risk for hypothermia than a younger person because the older adult has a diminished ability to:
A) convert glycogen to glucose.
B) select appropriate clothing or bed linen.
C) shiver.
D) constrict vessels.
Q3) What is the primary focus of a fall prevention program in a long-term care facility?
A) Improving balance
B) Improving muscle mass
C) Improving circulation
D) Increase in the knowledge base about falls
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11
Chapter 10: Cognition and Perception
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse in an extended-care facility finds an 86-year-old female resident in tears and her hearing aids on the floor. The resident says, "I'll just be deaf! I can't stand those things in my ears! All I can hear is static, hums, and whistles!" What would be the most helpful response by the nurse?
A) "Everybody says that. I'm going to put these back in the box in your bedside table."
B) "Those are very expensive pieces of equipment. Because you paid for them, it seems to me to just be good sense to use them."
C) "Let's put them back in. You'll get used to them in a few days."
D) "It's frustrating to have something not work. Let me help you replace them and after 10 minutes, I'll help you take them out."
Q2) How should the nurse adapt the environment for a person with right-sided hemianopsia?
A) Approach the patient from the right side.
B) Arrange personal articles on the left side of the bed.
C) Remind the patient to avoid turning his or her head to reduce added perceptual problems.
D) Touch the patient on the right side to get his or her attention.
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Page 12
Chapter 11: Self Perception and Self-Concept
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27 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which patient would have the highest risk of suicide?
A) 85-year-old male with a history of an affective disorder
B) 50-year-old female with a recent divorce
C) 70-year-old female with high blood pressure
D) 65-year-old male with chronic asthma
Q2) What influences the older adult's self-perception? (Select all that apply.)
A) Family support
B) Ethnic heritage
C) Health status
D) Financial status
E) Sense of independence
Q3) The nurse in a long-term care facility notes signs of depression in a resident who is ordinarily positive. What newly prescribed medication could contribute to the depression?
A) Erythropoietin
B) Corticosteroids
C) Calcium replacement
D) Broad-spectrum antibiotics
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13
Chapter 12: Roles and Relationships
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Sample Questions
Q1) What would be appropriate sources of support for the grieving patient? (Select all that apply.)
A) Friends
B) Family
C) Self-help magazines
D) Support groups
E) Therapist
Q2) What is the status of any role based upon?
A) Age
B) Responsibility
C) Society
D) Health
Q3) What measures would be appropriate for the nurse to use to assess dysfunctional grieving in the older adult? (Select all that apply.)
A) Ask the patient to describe his or her relationship within the family.
B) Observe the behavior of the patient when family members and friends come to visit.
C) Ask questions about the patient's profession and work history.
D) Observe for changes in eating habits.
E) Monitor for changes in mental status.
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Page 14
Chapter 13: Coping and Stress
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse assesses a behavior as a sign of depression in the new admission to a long-term care facility when the resident exhibits disorganization and
A) frequently comes to breakfast only partially dressed.
B) eats excessive amounts of food at mealtime.
C) socializes with only three or four other residents.
D) arranges daily activities in order to watch Jeopardy at 4:30.
Q2) What is true of an older adult who used coping skills effectively during his younger years?
A) He will continue to use the same skills without modification.
B) He will modify old skills and develop new ones.
C) He will be at a loss when different types of stresses present themselves.
D) He will be resistant to learning new skills.
Q3) When are older adults at a greater risk for stress-related problems? (Select all that apply.)
A) When there is a chronic illness
B) When they have suffered the loss of a spouse
C) When they have relocated
D) When their income is reduced
E) When they have general adaptation syndrome
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Page 15
Chapter 14: Values and Beliefs
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Sample Questions
Q1) What could be a cause of conflict between a 94-year-old Italian man and his grandchildren? (Select all that apply.)
A) Hairstyle and clothing
B) Lack of reverence for age and wisdom
C) Rejection of traditional ethnic foods
D) Process of selecting a spouse
E) Desire for education
Q2) A nurse wants to provide culturally sensitive care. What is the most effective way to develop an appreciation and understanding of diverse beliefs and values?
A) Interact with persons of another culture.
B) Increase personal knowledge of another culture.
C) Remain open-minded.
D) Travel to diverse regions.
Q3) Who does the home health nurse expect her 85-year-old Hispanic patient will seek health advice from?
A) Local pharmacist for prescription drugs
B) Folk healer (curandero)
C) Priest of her church
D) Close family members
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Page 16
Chapter 15: End-of-Life Care
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Sample Questions
Q1) Why might a professional health care provider neglect to educate patients about end-of-life care?
A) They fear that patients will perceive that they are giving up.
B) They do not want to influence the patient in any decision.
C) They want to keep up the patient's morale.
D) They believe that death is a personal failure on their part.
Q2) What can caregivers do for a dying patient who suffers from diminished vision?
A) Keep lights bright to increase visual acuity.
B) Stand slightly away from the bed and identify themselves before speaking.
C) Keep all lights on in the room, day and night.
D) Come close to the bed and stand directly in front of the patient.
Q3) Which patient would be a candidate for hospice care?
A) The patient with a life expectancy of only 12 months.
B) The patient who agrees to life support.
C) The patient who agrees to palliative measures.
D) The patient who has a treatable illness.
Q4) The hospice nurse explains that dying in peace without pain and with dignity in a supportive care environment is defined as a(n) _________ death.
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Page 17
Chapter 16: Sexuality and Aging
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Sample Questions
Q1) What medical condition is known to contribute to erectile dysfunction?
A) Diabetes
B) Irritable bowel syndrome
C) Chronic pancreatitis
D) Osteoarthritis
Q2) What statement by a 65-year-old man who had a myocardial infarction 6 months ago would indicate a need for further teaching?
A) "I'm enjoying the same sexual activities now as I did before my heart attack."
B) "I'm still pretty cautious, but our sex lives are very satisfactory."
C) "I've been told that I'm at risk for another heart attack if we have sex."
D) "My heart medications have made me impotent, but we've found other methods of sexual expression."
Q3) The nurse is counseling a 70-year-old patient regarding vaginal dryness. Which statement by the patient would indicate a need for further teaching?
A) "Vaseline was good enough for my mother. It's good enough for me."
B) "I use a water-soluble lubricant to aid intercourse."
C) "I'm trying an estrogen cream to see if it works."
D) "I'll let you know how wild yams work for vaginal dryness."
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Chapter 17: Care of Aging Skin and Mucous Membranes
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Sample Questions
Q1) The long-term care facility resident who has not worn his dentures for several months complains that the dentures no longer fit. Why do the dentures no longer fit?
A) The gums have hypertrophied.
B) The gums have receded.
C) The jaw shape has altered.
D) The dentures have warped from disuse.
Q2) What is the cause of progressively graying hair?
A) Decreased production of melanin
B) Altered blood circulation to the scalp
C) Decreased density of hair
D) Environmental factors
Q3) What is the purpose of the hydrocolloid dressing applied to a clean stage II pressure ulcer? (Select all that apply.)
A) Débride the ulcer
B) Prevent shear force trauma
C) Absorb the exudate
D) Harden eschar
E) Make an air-occlusive seal
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19
Chapter 18: Elimination
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Sample Questions
Q1) An alert, independent, 89-year-old male resident with congestive heart failure has been on Lasix for a week. Over the past 2 days he has been frequently incontinent and does not make it to the bathroom in time. He tells the nurse that he is having spasms in his lower abdomen. What diagnosis would best apply to this resident?
A) Impaired urinary elimination
B) Functional urinary incontinence
C) Stress urinary incontinence
D) Urge urinary incontinence
Q2) The nurse explains that a diet low in fiber results in a small stool that
A) moves rapidly through the intestines.
B) becomes excessively dry.
C) overstimulates the defecation reflex.
D) contributes to frequent bowel movements.
Q3) Which of the following complaints by the 80-year-old resident would indicate a need for the nurse to complete a focused bowel assessment on the resident?
A) The inability to have a bowel movement every day
B) Feeling pressure and fullness in the rectum but is unable to defecate
C) Having had one loose stool after breakfast
D) Ingestion and flatulence
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Page 20
Chapter 19: Activity and Exercise
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Sample Questions
Q1) An older adult is performing isometric and isotonic exercises. What should the nurse suggest in order to prevent an accidental Valsalva maneuver?
A) Hold the breath during an exercise cycle.
B) Breathe through the mouth.
C) Breathe deeply and rhythmically during an exercise cycle.
D) Breathe in through the nose and out through the mouth.
Q2) How can the nurse demonstrate a positive attitude toward care planning? (Select all that apply.)
A) Acknowledge the impact of a traumatic amputation on therapy.
B) Encourage the resident's input on the care plan.
C) Invite the resident and family member to attend the care plan meetings.
D) Make a list of questions for the resident to ask at the care plan meeting.
E) Help the resident to perform all activities of daily living (ADLs).
Q3) What is the focus of aerobic exercises such as walking and biking?
A) Improve cardiovascular function
B) Build muscle mass
C) Improve dexterity
D) Enhance balance
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21
Chapter 20: Sleep and Rest
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Sample Questions
Q1) The wife of a patient tells the home health nurse that she suspects her husband has sleep apnea because he __________. (Select all that apply.)
A) snores loudly
B) interrupts snoring with several seconds of silence
C) complains of daytime drowsiness
D) frequently is incontinent of urine
E) has episodes of myoclonus
Q2) What statements by the resident would indicate that she may be experiencing changes in sleep and rest patterns? (Select all that apply.)
A) "I don't know why everything seems to bother me lately."
B) "I've been so clumsy."
C) "I'm having trouble concentrating."
D) "My daughter says I talk in my sleep."
E) "I cry for no reason at all."
Q3) To avoid interfering with sleep, when should activity be avoided during the day?
A) 30 minutes before bedtime
B) 1 hour before bedtime
C) 2 hours before bedtime
D) 3 hours before bedtime
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Page 22