Nursing Across the Lifespan Solved Exam Questions
Course Introduction
Nursing Across the Lifespan explores the principles and practices essential for providing comprehensive nursing care to individuals at every stage of life, from infancy through old age. The course emphasizes developmental milestones, health promotion, disease prevention, and the management of acute and chronic conditions specific to different age groups. Students learn to assess and address the unique physical, psychological, and social needs of patients and their families, incorporating evidence-based approaches and culturally competent care to support well-being across the lifespan.
Recommended Textbook
Human Development A Life Span View 6th Edition by Robert V. Kail
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16 Chapters
3093 Verified Questions
3093 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: The Study of Human Development
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199 Verified Questions
199 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Dr. Lund stages a fire drill at the elementary school in order to study how children respond to potential emergency situations. Dr. Lund's method would best be described as a(n)
A) structured observation.
B) naturalistic observation.
C) self-report.
D) experiment.
Answer: A
Q2) A subset of a population is called a(n) _____.
Answer: sample
Q3) When asked why her sister Yvonne ended up in jail, Penny says, "She was always a mean, aggressive person. She really liked hurting people." Penny is relying on ________ forces to explain Yvonne's development.
A) sociocultural
B) normative age-graded
C) normative history-graded
D) psychological
Answer: D
Q4) _____ theory describes cognition in terms of mental software and hardware.
Answer: Information-processing
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Chapter 2: Biological Foundations: Heredity, Prenatal
Development, and Birth
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Sample Questions
Q1) When her physician mentions the term "crowning," Erica, who is giving birth, should realize that means that her
A) cervix has just fully dilated.
B) uterine contractions are about to start.
C) baby's head has just reached the vaginal opening.
D) placenta is about to be delivered.
Answer: C
Q2) Janaka's two-year-old daughter is mentally retarded due, in part, to a diet that included fish, bread, and dairy products. The most likely diagnosis for Janaka's daughter is that she has
A) Turner's syndrome.
B) Huntington's disease.
C) Tay Sachs disease.
D) Phenylketonuria (PKU).
Answer: D
Q3) A(n) _____ allele is ignored when it is combined with a dominant allele.
Answer: recessive
Q4) The first 22 pairs of chromosomes are called _____.
Answer: autosomes
Page 4
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Chapter 3: Tools for Exploring the World: Physical,
Perceptual, and Motor Development
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193 Verified Questions
193 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Sixteen-year-old Marshall was severely malnourished as an infant. Compared to his peers who were not malnourished as infants, Marshall is most likely to
A) weigh less.
B) be shorter.
C) have lighter colored hair.
D) be less intelligent.
Answer: D
Q2) Terminal buttons are located on which part of a neuron?
A) The end of the dendrite
B) Cell body
C) Neurotransmitter
D) The end of the axon
Answer: D
Q3) Newborn crying typically involves
A) agitation and coordinated movements.
B) calm and coordinated movement.
C) agitation and uncoordinated movements.
D) calm and uncoordinated movement.
Answer: C
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Chapter 4: The Emergence of Thought and Language:
Cognitive Development in Infancy and Early Childhood
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Sample Questions
Q1) Five-year-old Brian hears the sentence, "Brian, quit clowning around." He knows all the other words, but he has never heard the word "clowning" before. The fact that he understands that the word "clowning" must be referring to what he is currently doing is best explained as involving _____ cues.
A) sentence
B) pictorial
C) kinetic
D) parallax
Q2) Adam waves "bye-bye" when he leaves the room and pretends to eat imaginary food. In other words, Adam is
A) using symbols.
B) exhibiting a primary circular reaction.
C) exercising reflexes.
D) exhibiting a secondary circular reaction.
Q3) Piaget described a scheme as a psychological structure that A) organizes experience.
B) is used in language but not thought.
C) we lose as we age.
D) is only found in those with a set of personal values.
Page 6
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Chapter 5: Entering the Social World: Socioemotional
Development in Infancy and Early Childhood
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Sample Questions
Q1) Results from the Family Lifestyles Project indicate that children raised by counterculture parents are different from children raised by parents with more traditional values in that
A) they have few stereotypes regarding occupations.
B) they play with same-sex peers.
C) the boys enjoy physical play.
D) the girls enjoy reading and drawing.
Q2) Describe the relationship between gender identity, gender stability, and gender constancy. Give an example of each and describe when each develops.
Q3) Altruistic acts in children tend to occur when the cost of the act is A) low.
B) high.
C) not known in advance.
D) expected to be immediately recouped.
Q4) Discuss gender differences in play behavior. Be sure to comment on both enabling and constricting actions.
Q5) Constricting play often involves threats.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 6: Off to School: Cognitive and Physical Development in Middle Childhood
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Sample Questions
Q1) Exceptional talent is the product of
A) both nature and nurture.
B) nature.
C) nurture.
D) education.
Q2) Which question is best answered through convergent thinking?
A) "What is life?"
B) "How is knowledge of developmental psychology useful?"
C) "Who is the best football player of all time?"
D) "What is 5 + 5?"
Q3) On modern tests of intelligence, IQ scores are determined
A) by comparing a child's score with the average score of other children of the same age.
B) by using the same IQ calculation as on the original Stanford-Binet exam.
C) based on a child's gender and race.
D) by subtracting a child's chronological age from their mental age.
Q4) Readers often use sentence context to help increase the speed of word recognition.
A)True
B)False
8
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Chapter 7: Expanding Social Horizons: Socioemotional Development in Middle Childhood
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195 Verified Questions
195 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Who would likely have the highest self-esteem?
A) Vincent, who has high status in a clique of his school's most "in" crowd
B) Kasen, who has high status with one of the most "in" kids in school
C) Niv, who has high status in her school's most "in" crowd
D) Namid, who has high status with teachers in her school
Q2) Which would likely lead to a significant drop in the incidence of physical child abuse?
A) Having the entire world adopt an attitude toward childrearing like that seen in the United States
B) Wipe out poverty
C) Eliminate government intervention into parenting issues
D) Encourage parents to adopt an authoritarian style
Q3) Children's descriptions of other people tend to get more conceptual as they get older.
A)True
B)False
Q4) A clique is larger than a crowd.
A)True
B)False
Page 9
Q5) Are only children more like first-borns or later-borns? Explain.
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Chapter 8: Rites of Passage: Physical and Cognitive
Development in Adolescence
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Sample Questions
Q1) Overprotective parenting has been associated with the onset of anorexia but not bulimia.
A)True
B)False
Q2) In order to enhance his baseball performance, Barry has been taking steroids. In recent months, he has begun to experience some medical problems. Which of the following of his problems would be least likely to be the result of steroid use?
A) Liver damage
B) Depression
C) Increased muscle mass
D) Obsessive-compulsive behavior
Q3) At which age are most people operating at the postconventional level of moral reasoning?
A) Adults
B) Adolescence
C) A good portion of adolescence and adults develop this level of thinking
D) There is no age group in which most individuals are reasoning
Q4) Gilligan's approach to describing moral reasoning emphasize _____ over justice.
Q5) The _____ level is Kohlberg's highest level of moral reasoning.
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Chapter 9: Moving into the Adult Social World:
Socioemotional Development in Adolescence
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177 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Why do Asian-American and Latino-American teens tend to begin dating at a later age than European-American teens?
A) Fewer available partners
B) Stronger family ties
C) Less disposable income
D) Greater need for social isolation
Q2) Which is not a common warning sign of suicide?
A) Change in eating habits
B) Increased levels of activity
C) Persistent feelings of helplessness
D) Giving away valued possessions
Q3) A child's self-esteem is influenced by how he or she is viewed by the child's parents.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The most common drug used by American teens is _____.
Q5) Describe the primary issues of adolescence according to Erikson. Be sure to comment on issues like adolescent egocentrism, the imaginary audience, personal fables, and an illusion of vulnerability.
Q6) High levels of self-absorption in teens are referred to as adolescent _____.
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Chapter 10: Becoming an Adult: Physical, Cognitive, and Personality Development
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Sample Questions
Q1) Who is best classified as being in the state of emerging adulthood?
A) Lo, who is 15
B) Whitney, who is 25
C) Audrina, who is 35
D) Spencer, who is 45
Q2) Sheryl's physician Dr. Crow has just indicated that she needs to begin to take statins. If Dr. Crow is competent, you would know that Sheryl
A) suffers from clinically depression.
B) has just been diagnosed with ADHD.
C) suffers from alcoholism.
D) has a high level of LDL.
Q3) The most likely sensory change between age 25 and 50 would involve A) the loss of ability to taste sour foods.
B) a diminished ability to experience pain.
C) having trouble seeing things that are near.
D) the inability to hear high-pitched sounds.
Q4) Why is postformal thought considered to be the most advanced level of thinking? Does the stage theory of reflective thought fit with this notion?
Q5) _____ stereotyping is both automatic and unconscious.
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Chapter 11: Being with Others: Forming Relationships in Young and Middle Adulthood
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which is not one of the three components of love, according to Sternberg?
A) Intimacy
B) Sociability
C) Commitment
D) Passion
Q2) Siegfried and Roy have been friends for many years. In the past few months, however, they seem to have less in common, and Roy has been thinking more about hanging out with a potential new friend. Siegfried and Roy appear to be in the ____ stage of friendship development.
A) buildup
B) continuation
C) acquaintanceship
D) deterioration
Q3) In the United States, men tend to remain single longer during young adulthood.
A)True
B)False
Q4) A(n) _____ family consists of at least three generations (e.g., parents, children, grandparents).
Q5) Marital ________ is an umbrella term referring to the marital outcome
Q6) The "A" in the ABCDE model of adult friendship development stands for _____. Page 13
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Page 14
Chapter 12: Work and Leisure: Occupational and Lifestyle
Issues in Young and Middle Adulthood
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Sample Questions
Q1) To qualify as "leisure," an activity must
A) involve physical exertion.
B) be discretionary.
C) involve some monetary payment
D) be creative.
Q2) How are mentoring and generativity related?
A) Mentoring is one avenue for achieving generativity.
B) Generativity causes mentoring.
C) Individuals who mentor are less likely to express generativity.
D) Mentoring is done by the employee, and generativity is done by the employer.
Q3) In order to help their employees move from one job to another, and in order to meet the challenges of a global economy, corporations must offer ____ as part of their employee development programs.
A) retraining
B) glass ceilings
C) occupational priorities
D) comparable worth
Q4) The "_____" standard is often used in sexual harassment cases to determine whether a particular behavior is offensive.
Q5) Denying an individual a promotion due to that person's age is called _____.
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Chapter 13: Making It in Midlife: The Biopsychosocial
Challenges of Middle Adulthood
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199 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of Diane's traits would indicate that she is in a state of stagnation?
A) Vivid imagination
B) Self-indulgent
C) Energetic
D) Hostile
Q2) Which of these individuals is most likely to be a "kinkeeper?"
A) Ben, a 20-year-old father
B) Evelyn, a 45-year-old mother
C) Charlie, a 45-year-old father
D) Stephanie, a 20-year-old mother
Q3) How is expert problem-solving different from problem-solving by a novice?
A) Novices are more curious
B) Experts come to solutions faster
C) Novices follow fewer rules
D) Experts demonstrate less flexibility in thought
Q4) There is significant research support for the idea of a "midlife crisis."
A)True
B)False
Page 16
Q5) People who score high on the five-factor dimension of _____ tend to be hostile, self-conscious, and vulnerable.
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Chapter 14: The Personal Context of Later Life: Physical, Cognitive, and Mental Health Issues
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which does not belong?
A) Emphysema
B) Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
C) Dysphoria
D) Asthma
Q2) Research on the relationship between immigration, ethnicity, and health status of older adults has shown that
A) immigration status has no impact on physical or mental health.
B) recent immigrants tend to have better health than U.S.-born individuals of the same ethnicity.
C) recent immigrants tend to have poorer health than U.S.-born individuals of the same ethnicity.
D) immigration status has a negative impact on physical health but not on mental health.
Q3) If your goal was to get the best image of a brain structure, you should use a
A) single-photon emission computerized tomography (SPECT).
B) computerized tomography (CT scan).
C) positron emission tomography (PET).
D) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI).
Q4) Define wisdom. Define creativity. How are each related to age?
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Chapter 15: Social Aspects of Later Life: Psychosocial,
Retirement, Relationship, and Societal Issues
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Sample Questions
Q1) Describe the difference between a "crisp" and a "blurred" retirement. How do bridge jobs relate to this distinction?
Q2) _______ are more important in later life, especially for men who have lost male friends through death.
A) Male friendships
B) Cross-sex friendships
C) Female friendships
D) Familial friendships
Q3) All of these individuals are over 70 years old. Who is most likely to be satisfied with their life?
A) Sergi, who has a close relationships with one of his sons
B) Dimitri, who has close relationships with all six of her children
C) Karl, who has a close relationship with one friend who is not a member of his family
D) Ernst, who has a close relationship with many friends who are not members of his family
Q4) A "crisp" retirement occurs when there is a clean break from employment.
A)True
B)False
Page 18
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Chapter 16: The Final Passage: Dying and Bereavement
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of these is not one of Kastenbaum's (1999) key considerations for exploring the hospice option?
A) Is the person completely informed about the nature and prognosis of his or her condition?
B) Are the family members ready for this person to die?
C) Is a high-quality hospice care program available?
D) How well do the people in the person's social network communicate with each other?
Q2) Susan's cortical functioning has ceased, but her brain stem is still active. Susan would be best described as
A) in a persistent vegetative state.
B) whole-brain dead.
C) clinically dead.
D) consciously aware.
Q3) Which does not belong on a list of symptoms of traumatic distress?
A) Experiencing the physical presence of the deceased
B) Searching for the deceased
C) Detachment from others following a death
D) Anger toward others following a death
Q4) _____ concerns the way we express our grief.
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