Neuroscience
Pre-Test Questions
Course Introduction
Neuroscience is an interdisciplinary field that explores the structure, function, development, and pathology of the nervous system, including the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves. This course examines the biological mechanisms underlying neural activity, cognitive processes, and behavior. Students will gain foundational knowledge of topics such as neuronal signaling, neuroanatomy, sensory and motor systems, brain plasticity, and the neural basis of learning and memory. Emphasis is placed on both traditional and modern research methods, offering insights into neurological diseases and the promising frontiers of brain science.
Recommended Textbook
Learning and Memory 1St Edition Edition by Howard Eichenbaum
Available Study Resources on Quizplus
12 Chapters
600 Verified Questions
600 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/study-set/447
Page 2
Chapter 1: The Nature of Learning and Memory
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
50 Verified Questions
50 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/7930
Sample Questions
Q1) Jackie is going to study spatial performance on a paper/pencil task under time pressures. One group will be constantly reminded of the time remaining to complete the task while the second group will just be asked to complete the task. The participants receiving the information about the time remaining are in the _________ group and those receiving no time reminders are in the __________ group.
A) independent; dependent
B) dependent; independent
C) control; experimental
D) experimental; control
Answer: D
Q2) Behavioral memory includes all of the following EXCEPT:
A) habituation.
B) sensitization.
C) perceptual learning.
D) semantic memory.
Answer: D
Q3) John B. Watson was among the first memory researchers to endorse cognitivism.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 3
Chapter 2: The Neural Bases of Learning and Memory
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
50 Verified Questions
50 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/7931
Sample Questions
Q1) The synaptic potential created in a distant dendritic branch would most likely be _____ when it arrived at the cell body.
A) small
B) large
C) average
D) it depends on where it occurred
Answer: A
Q2) Motor neurons have long axons that send signals specifically to muscles.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) Which of the following was not a flaw of Francis Gall's research?
A) He used only males.
B) He used small samples.
C) His research was subjective.
D) He examined the skull, not the brain directly.
Answer: A
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 4
Chapter 3: Simple Forms of Learning and Memory
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
50 Verified Questions
50 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/7932
Sample Questions
Q1) Robert Johnston (1993) tested whether or not an observer hamster could distinguish between two other hamsters, hamster A and hamster B. He used the __________ tests to measure this ability.
A) pheromone identification
B) preferential pheromone
C) habituation/dishabituation
D) pheromone discrimination
Answer: C
Q2) Aplysia has NOT been used to study ________.
A) reflex arcs
B) mating preferences
C) habituation
D) sensitization
Answer: B
Q3) Habituation is specific to the stimulus response but not the motor response.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
5
Chapter 4: Perceptual Learning and Memory
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
50 Verified Questions
50 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/7933
Sample Questions
Q1) Perceptual memories are specific to __________.
A) a person's skill level
B) a general type of stimulus
C) a particular stimulus
D) both skill level and type of stimulus
Q2) When participants were able to sleep following perceptual learning, they had ______ retention of what was learned than those who were kept awake.
A) much worse
B) much better
C) extremely worse
D) similar
Q3) Research shows that people can strongly categorize ___________ faces and do not categorize ________ faces.
A) highly unfamiliar; highly familiar
B) highly familiar; highly unfamiliar
C) unique; plain
D) plain; unique
Q4) Describe the four main mechanisms involved in perceptual skill learning.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 6
Chapter 5: Procedural Learning I: Classical Conditioning
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
50 Verified Questions
50 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/7934
Sample Questions
Q1) The Rescorla-Wagner can explain all but the following phenomenon in classical conditioning:
A) incremental excitatory conditioning that occurs when a CS is first paired with a US. B) blocking.
C) inhibitory conditioning when the when the US is less than expected.
D) excitatory conditioning when the US is less than expected.
Q2) Pavlov's stimulus substitution theory is not completely accurate because ________.
A) the CS and the US are not identical
B) the CR and the UR are not identical
C) the CS comes before the US
D) the CR occurs at a different time than the UR
Q3) Generally, for learning to occur, the CS should be presented first and then overlapped with the US near the end of testing.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Classical conditioning is a form of nonassociative learning.
A)True
B)False
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 7
Chapter 6: Procedural Learning II: Habits and Instrumental Learning
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
50 Verified Questions
50 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/7935
Sample Questions
Q1) Martin Seligman and his colleagues found that animals that suffered inescapable shocks in a training phase did not attempt to avoid a shock in the testing phase in an experiment. He coined this behavior ____________.
A) extinction
B) learned failing
C) learned helplessness
D) extinctive helplessness
Q2) If the attractive value of a reinforcer changes after instrumental learning occurs it is called reinforcer devaluation.
A)True
B)False
Q3) In instrumental conditioning, a particular memory is created called a habit.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Cued-recall in a water maze task is an example of _________ learning.
A) place
B) nonassociative
C) platform
D) cued
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 8
Chapter 7: Emotional Learning and Memory
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
50 Verified Questions
50 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/7936
Sample Questions
Q1) How is a flashbulb memory an example of how emotions and memories can be closely tied together? How can researchers study flashbulb memories?
Q2) Rats were first trained to associate a light with the presence of water then they were placed in a new chamber where they were shaped to press a lever. If a light is paired with the left-hand lever they should press that more often than the right because of the protocol of _______________.
A) first-order conditioning
B) classical conditioning
C) second-order conditioning
D) operant conditioning
Q3) The cingulate cortex projects to the mamillary bodies.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Klüver-Bucy syndrome was the result of the removal of the hippocampus in monkeys.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Explain how phobias could be an example of fear conditioning. Use an example to support your view.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 9
Chapter 8: Cognitive Memory
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
50 Verified Questions
50 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/7937
Sample Questions
Q1) When applying to graduate schools you are told that it is harder to get into a clinical psychology program compared to an experimental psychology program and it is harder to get into an experimental psychology program than a social work program. You deduce that it is harder to get into a clinical psychology program compared to a social work program through ____________.
A) transitive inference
B) implicit memory
C) declarative inference
D) procedural memory
Q2) Which of the following is not an aspect of encoding?
A) levels of processing
B) imagery
C) type of organization
D) retention
Q3) Edward Tolman suggested that rats are able to learn to run mazes because they
A) work well for food reinforcers
B) have hard wired abilities to run mazes
C) form cognitive maps of the maze
D) are superior learners
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 10
Chapter 9: Episodic Memory
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
50 Verified Questions
50 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/7938
Sample Questions
Q1) During a fear conditioning task, rats with damage to the hippocampus show normal fear responses to the ________ but not the __________.
A) conditioned stimulus; contextual cues
B) contextual cues; conditioned stimulus
C) conditioned stimulus; unconditioned stimulus
D) contextual cues; emotional cues
Q2) Why might an older person feel like they had a lot of things happen to them in their 20s compared to their first five years of life or after 40?
Q3) Research shows that the hippocampus is more active when subjects are recalling ______.
A) factual information
B) more positive information
C) more negative information
D) personal information
Q4) Psychologists have yet to devise a good study of false memory that is devoid of misattribution errors and suggestibility.
A)True
B)False
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 11
Chapter 10: Semantic Memory
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
50 Verified Questions
50 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/7939
Sample Questions
Q1) Farah and McClelland (1991) created a semantic memory model of three modules. Which of the following is not one of modules of this semantic memory model?
A) semantic inputs
B) verbal inputs
C) visual inputs
D) semantic representations
Q2) Spatial memories are not hierarchically organized.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The fusiform face area (FFA) is located in the ventral temporal cortex.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Knowlton and colleagues found that __________ knowledge can be acquired by amnesic individuals with hippocampus damage.
A) tactile
B) grammatical
C) logical
D) rational
Q5) Describe Farah and McClelland's (1991) model of semantic memory.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 12
Chapter 11: Memory Consolidation
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
50 Verified Questions
50 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/7940
Sample Questions
Q1) Evidence suggests that the _________ does not seem to be involved in memory consolidation.
A) parietal cortex
B) hippocampus
C) entorhinal cortex
D) parahippocampal region
Q2) Once a set of hierarchical organizations is established and stabilized within a model it is difficult to add new items smoothly because these changes in the network result in ______.
A) retroactive interference
B) catastrophic interference
C) proactive interference
D) nonproductive interference
Q3) Animals with lesioned parietal lobes tend to show graded temporal amnesia on spatial tasks.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Consolidation is an active process that can either be enhanced or impaired.
A)True
B)False
Page 13
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 12: Short-Term Memory and Working Memory
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
50 Verified Questions
50 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/7941
Sample Questions
Q1) Cells that continue to fire during a delay in a learning task are called _____ cells.
A) cued
B) continuous
C) premature
D) delay
Q2) According to the ________ information decreased rapidly after a three-second delay between training and recall.
A) serial processing curve
B) serial position curve
C) recency effect
D) forgetting curve
Q3) Which of the following was NOT a part of Baddeley's (1986) working memory model?
A) phonological loop
B) visuospatial sketchpad
C) episodic executive
D) central executive
Q4) Discuss how the prefrontal cortex is essential for short-term memory. Give examples of the specific areas and their activities that have been correlated with specific short-term memory abilities.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 14