Neuroscience for Psychology Majors
Practice Questions
Course Introduction
This course provides psychology majors with a comprehensive introduction to the principles of neuroscience as they relate to behavior and mental processes. Students will explore the structure and function of the nervous system, including neural communication, brain anatomy, and sensory systems. Emphasis is placed on understanding how neural mechanisms underlie cognition, emotion, perception, learning, and psychological disorders. Through lectures, readings, and hands-on activities, students will gain foundational knowledge that bridges biological processes and psychological phenomena, preparing them for advanced coursework and research in both fields.
Recommended Textbook
Discovering Behavioral Neuroscience 3rd Edition by Laura Freberg
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16 Chapters
2682 Verified Questions
2682 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: What Is Behavioral Neuroscience
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149 Verified Questions
149 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) A technique that is often used to determine whether or not a stimulus has been perceived by the brain is
A)the analysis of evoked potentials.
B) the recording of electrical activity from the brain during surgery.
C) positron emission tomography (PET).
D) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
Answer: A
Q2) If a trait were primarily influenced by genetic variables,we would expect to see
A)adopted children who are more similar to their biological parents in the trait than to their adoptive parents.
B) adopted children who are more similar to their adoptive parents in the trait than to their biological parents.
C) strong similarities between adoptive and biological parents.
D) strong similarities between adoptive children and their adoptive siblings.
Answer: A
Q3) In this illustration,a lesion is being produced in the rat's
Answer: ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH)
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3
Chapter 2: Functional Neuroanatomy and the Evolution of the Nervous System
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Sample Questions
Q1) A patient who demonstrates uncharacteristically poor judgment and is unable to maintain their typical attention span may have experienced damage to their _________ lobes.
A)frontal
B)parietal
C)temporal
D)occipital
Answer: A
Q2) Autism spectrum disorder is frequently associated with abnormal development in the
A)cerebellum.
B)reticular formation.
C)medulla.
D)vestibular nuclei.
Answer: A
Q3) What functions are primarily managed by the occipital lobe?
Answer: The occipital lobe is primarily involved with visual processing.
Q4) What are the major functions of the spinal cord?
Answer: The spinal cord carries information to and from the brain and manages a variety of protective and movement reflexes.
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Chapter 3: Neurophysiology: the Structure and Functions of the Cells
of the Nervous System
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following structures are typically found within the axon terminal?
A)mitochondria and synaptic vesicles
B) the nucleolus and synaptic vesicles
C) myelin and mitochondria
D) the nucleolus and endoplasmic reticulum
Answer: A
Q2) What role do neurons and astrocytes possibly share?
Answer: There is growing evidence that astrocytes may play a significant role in neural signaling in addition to their other duties.
Q3) Which of the following is not a function that can be influenced by metabotropic receptors?
A)gene expression
B) the amount of calcium that enters a cell
C) the amount of neurotransmitter released
D) maintenance of the resting potential
Answer: B
Q4) What is an interneuron?
Answer: An interneuron is a neuron that has neither a specific motor nor sensory function.It is used to connect sensory and motor neurons.
Page 5
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Chapter 4: Psychopharmacology
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Sample Questions
Q1) Compared with civilians suffering from addiction,returning vets from Vietnam who had used heroin while overseas had
A)less success in recovering from addiction, because they used more potent forms of the drug.
B)less success in recovering from addiction, due to the complications of posttraumatic stress disorder.
C)about the same rate of success in recovering from addiction.
D)much more success in recovering from addiction.
Q2) The NMDA receptor,kainate receptor,and AMPA receptor all respond to
A)serotonin.
B)epinephrine.
C)glutamate.
D)GABA.
Q3) Botulinum,and its deactivated version Botox,causes muscle paralysis by
A)interfering with the synthesis of ACh.
B)preventing the release of ACh.
C)blocking ACh receptors.
D)blocking the action of acetylcholinesterase.
Q4) Distinguish between neurotransmitters,neuromodulators,and neurohormones.
Q5) What actions and effects do organophosphates have on the cholinergic synapse?
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Chapter 5: Genetics and the Development of the Human Brain
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Sample Questions
Q1) Compared with non-twin siblings,fraternal twins
A)experience the same level of genetic and environmental influence.
B)have more genes in common.
C)have fewer environmental influences in common.
D)have more environmental influences in common.
Q2) Alternative versions of a particular gene are known as A)SNPs.
B)imprinted genes.
C)alleles.
D)proteomes.
Q3) Myelination occurs in
A)motor systems before it occurs in sensory systems.
B)sensory systems before it occurs in motor systems.
C)interneurons before either motor or sensory systems.
D)interneurons, sensory systems, and motor systems all at the same time.
Q4) How many chromosomes do human beings receive from each parent?
A)23
B)46
C)21
D)42
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Chapter 6: Vision
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Sample Questions
Q1) One of the reasons that rods are more sensitive to dim light than cones is that
A)they form graded potentials instead of the action potentials formed by cones.
B)they are found in the eye in greater numbers than cones.
C)it takes less light to break apart rhodopsin than the photopigments found in cones.
D)rhodopsin shows a peak response to all wavelengths in the visual spectrum.
Q2) Ashley's mother woke up one morning seeing rings of flashing light in one eye.Her doctor diagnosed the event as a "vitreous detachment." Although Ashley was unfamiliar with this condition until she looked it up in her search engine,she was able to tell her mother that it probably involved:
A)the pigmented tissue at the back of the eye that supports the photoreceptors.
B)a blockage of the tear ducts at the outer upper corner of the eye.
C)the fluid located in the main interior chamber of the eyeball.
D)the fluid located in the secondary anterior chamber of the eyeball.
Q3) Rods contain which of the following photopigments?
A)rhodopsin
B)cyanolabe
C)chlorolabe
D)erythrolabe
Q4) Describe the opponent process theory of color vision.
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Chapter 7: Nonvisual Sensation and Perception
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Sample Questions
Q1) Acousticians designing performance halls choose the fabric for seat covers and curtains very carefully,and even try to predict the type of clothing patrons will wear to performances,due to the ability of fabric to _________ sound.
A)refract
B)absorb
C)reflect
D)amplify
Q2) Echolocation,used by some animals to navigate and find prey,relies on the ability of physical objects to _________ sound.
A)absorb
B)refract
C)reflect
D)enhance
Q3) Which of the following mechanoreceptors have large receptive fields?
A)Meissner's corpuscles and Merkel's disks
B)Pacinian corpuscles and Ruffini endings
C)Meissner's corpuscles and Pacinian corpuscles
D)Merkel's disks and Ruffini endings
Q4) What are the causes and symptoms of neglect syndrome?
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Chapter 8: Movement
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Sample Questions
Q1) When we bend a joint,flexors relax while extensors contract.
A)True
B)False
Q2) An athlete with likely potential in Olympic weightlifting would probably have _________ in the quadriceps muscle.
A)about the same number of fast- and slow-twitch fibers
B)more fast- than slow-twitch fibers
C)more slow- than fast-twitch fibers
D)only fast-twitch muscles
Q3) Fast-twitch fibers contract up to _________ times more rapidly than slow-twitch fibers.
A)3
B)8
C)10
D)12
Q4) Golgi tendon organs are innervated by
A)Ia sensory fibers.
B)alpha motor neurons.
C)gamma motor neurons.
D)Ib fibers.
Page 10
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Chapter 9: Homeostasis and Motivation
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Sample Questions
Q1) The Guinness Book of World Records no longer maintains a record for fasting,due to the medical dangers involved.However,in 1971,they included a man,Mr.A.B.,who went 382 days without food.Based on what you know about the normal storage of fat in the human body,it should be apparent that Mr.A.B.
A)was morbidly obese at the beginning of his fast.
B)was probably slightly overweight at the beginning of his fast.
C)would only lose fat, not muscle, as a result of his fast.
D)must have had a severe case of insulin resistance at the beginning of his fast.
Q2) In osmosis
A)solutes move from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration.
B)solutes move from areas of low concentration to areas of high concentration.
C)water moves from areas of low concentration of solutes to areas of high concentration of solutes.
D)water moves from areas of high concentration of solutes to areas of low concentration of solutes.
Q3) Why does it make sense to treat people with high blood pressure with low-sodium diets and diuretic drugs?
Q4) How might lesions of the ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH)disrupt appetite?
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Chapter 10: Sexual Behavior
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166 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD)
A)results from higher than normal levels of LH.
B)occurs in the majority of women.
C)might involve abnormalities in serotonin function.
D)is more likely to occur in older than younger women.
Q2) Because Samantha is being treated for a disease that impair some of the production from her adrenal glands,she is likely to experience
A)no reduction in sexual interest, because the adrenal glands do not produce any hormones that are related to women's sexual interest.
B)an increase in sexual interest, as the hormones produced by the adrenal glands have an inhibitory effect on women's testosterone levels.
C)a reduction in sexual interest, because the adrenal glands supply about half of a woman's estrogens.
D)a reduction in sexual interest, because the adrenal glands supply about half of a woman's testosterone.
Q3) Nonfunctional remnants of the Wolffian system remain in adult women.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 11: Sleep and Waking
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Sample Questions
Q1) When we nap after REM sleep deprivation,we may experience
A)increased amounts of NREM sleep.
B)increased amounts of REM sleep.
C)decreased amounts of REM sleep.
D)normal patterns of REM and NREM sleep.
Q2) The sleep of seniors may be more easily disrupted due to less frequent
A)REM episodes.
B)sleep spindles.
C)K-complexes.
D)myoclonia.
Q3) The anterior raphe nuclei show the same pattern of activation during states of consciousness as the
A)lateral geniculate nucleus of the thalamus.
B)preoptic area of the hypothalamus.
C)locus coeruleus.
D)pontine reticular formation.
Q4) K-complexes are brief bursts of brain activity observed in the EEG of a person in Stage 2 NREM sleep.
A)True
B)False
Page 13
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Chapter 12: Learning and Memory
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Sample Questions
Q1) An engram is defined as a(n)
A)physical representation of memory in the brain.
B)area of association cortex.
C)type of lesion that reduces memory capacity.
D)metaphor for the mind.
Q2) Parallel fibers synapsing in the cerebellum originate in A)neurons in the inferior olive of the medulla.
B)neurons in the pons.
C)Purkinje cells.
D)granule cells.
Q3) To find the dentate gyrus and Ammon's horn,you would look in the
A)hippocampus.
B)amygdala.
C)hypothalamus.
D)cerebellum.
Q4) Habituation in Aplysia can last up to
A)three hours.
B)one day.
C)three days.
D)three weeks.
Page 14
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Chapter 13: Hemispheric Asymmetry, language, and Intelligence
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Sample Questions
Q1) Wernicke's area is located in the
A)inferior frontal lobe.
B)prefrontal cortex.
C)superior temporal lobe.
D)parietal lobe.
Q2) Aitchison's ten features of language include "spontaneous usage." Which of the following is the best example of this feature?
A)Birds respond to the singing of another bird.
B)Children learn to speak without being explicitly taught to do so.
C)Language is used to express ideas that have never been expressed before.
D)We learn language within our families.
Q3) The Wada test provides information about
A)the severity and frequency of seizures following a split brain operation.
B)the localization of language to one hemisphere or the other.
C)a person's level of exposure to prenatal androgens.
D)a child's level of risk for verbal learning disabilities.
Q4) During reading,information travels from the structure numbered 3 in this illustration,which is ____________________,to the structure numbered 1,____________________,by way of the structure numbered 2,____________________.
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Chapter 14: Emotion, reward, aggression, and Stress
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Sample Questions
Q1) The inability to identify the emotions of others seen in individuals with autism spectrum disorder may be correlated with abnormalities in the
A)orbitofrontal cortex.
B)septal area.
C)hippocampus.
D)amygdala.
Q2) The upper third of the face is controlled by
A)the ipsilateral facial nerve.
B)the contralateral facial nerve.
C)both the ipsilateral and contralateral facial nerves.
D)both the ipsilateral and contralateral trigeminal nerves.
Q3) John,who is right-handed,is studying a reproduction of the Mona Lisa very intently,without moving his eyes. It is likely that his interpretation of Mona Lisa's emotional expression will be most influenced by A)her eyes.
B)the left half of her face.
C)the right half of her face.
D)the lower half of her face.
Q4) Describe the role of the frontal lobes in decision-making.
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Chapter 15: Neuropsychology
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Sample Questions
Q1) The Halstead-Reitan battery is used to assess
A)cognitive function.
B)reflexes.
C)sensation.
D)coma.
Q2) The herpes simplex virus responsible for cold sores and genital herpes can produce a type of secondary encephalitis.
A)True
B)False
Q3) People who experience migraine headaches
A)usually have a history of post-concussive syndrome.
B)are equally likely to be male or female.
C)are more likely to be male than female.
D)are more likely to be female than male.
Q4) Summarize the symptoms and treatment of AIDS dementia complex (ADC).
Q5) In cases of neurocysticercosis,symptoms typically do not occur until
A)larvae hatch from the ingested eggs.
B)larvae penetrate the intestines and enter the blood supply.
C)larvae become encysted in the brain and other tissue.
D)encysted larvae die.
Page 17
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Chapter 16: Psychopathology
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is the relationship between genetics and anxiety disorders?
Q2) Circutis connecting which of the following structures are implicated in obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD)?
A)the amygdala and raphe nuclei
B)the amygdala and the hippocampus
C)the posterior cingulate cortex and the hippocampus
D)the thalamus, the basal ganglia, and orbitofrontal cortex
Q3) Mental disorders affect _________ percent of the United States population.
A)fewer than 1
B)about 26
C)about 52
D)about 77
Q4) You are responsible for treating a patient who has just taken a large amount of phencyclidine (PCP).Which of the following might help your patient?
A)a drug that acts as a dopamine agonist.
B)a drug that acts as a dopamine antagonist.
C)a drug that acts as a glutamate antagonist.
D)MDMA (ecstasy) to promote increased serotonin activity.
Q5) Discuss the correlations between brain activity and antisocial behavior.
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