Natural Resources and Environment Exam
Bank
Course Introduction
This course explores the interrelationship between natural resources and the environment, focusing on the sustainable management and conservation of resources such as water, soil, forests, minerals, and biodiversity. Students will examine ecological principles, environmental challenges, and human impacts on resource availability and ecosystem health. The course also introduces key policies, economic considerations, and ethical issues related to resource use, preparing students to evaluate and propose solutions for current environmental problems and to understand the critical role that natural resources play in supporting human societies and the planets ecosystems.
Recommended Textbook
Physical Geography A Landscape Appreciation 10th Edition by Darrel Hess
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20 Chapters
3397 Verified Questions
3397 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Introduction to Earth
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198 Verified Questions
198 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The Earth is 3.3 percent closer to the Sun during the Northern Hemisphere ________ than when it is farthest away.
A) spring
B) summer
C) fall
D) winter
E) aphelion
Answer: D
Q2) In the Northern Hemisphere in July, day lengths are progressively ________ as one travels northward.
Answer: longer
Q3) The planets in our solar system formed from a cold, rotating disk of gas and dust surrounding the Sun.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q4) Russia occupies 3 time zones.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Page 3
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Chapter 2: Portraying Earth
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Sample Questions
Q1) Radar is an "active" remote sensing system and ________ is a "passive" system using the same wavelengths.
A) the use of a thermometer
B) ultraviolet sensing
C) microwave sensing
D) photography
E) thermal infrared sensing
Answer: C
Q2) Which of the following is NOT part of a Geographic Information System?
A) collection, input, and correction of data
B) human drawing of isolines on maps
C) data storage and retrieval
D) output and reporting
E) manipulation and analysis of data layers
Answer: B
Q3) Thermal infrared images are the most useful type of images for detecting different vegetation types.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Chapter 3: Introduction to the Atmosphere
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170 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The word troposphere has a Greek root word which means ________.
Answer: "turning" sphere
Q2) The ________ is the layer of the atmosphere where electrified atoms are plentiful.
A) thermosphere
B) ionosphere
C) troposphere
D) exosphere
E) stratosphere
Answer: B
Q3) Name an atmospheric layer NOT based on temperature characteristics.
Answer: ionosphere, ozonosphere, heterosphere, or homosphere
Q4) The normal percent of water vapor in dry air is ________ percent.
A) 0-4
B) 5-10
C) 15-20
D) 25-30
E) 45-50
Answer: A
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Chapter 4: Insolation and Temperature
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Sample Questions
Q1) Visible light makes up most parts of the electromagnetic spectrum.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Water is highly mobile. This means that the solar radiation incident upon it will
A) be radiated to the North Pole.
B) be disbursed both broadly and deeply.
C) act similarly to the insolation incident on land.
D) be uninfluenced by latent heat.
E) be traveling approximately twice as far as the insolation incident upon the land.
Q3) The Earth's land surface is a good heat absorber but not a good conductor.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Draw an imaginary continent which extends from the Equator to 50°S. On the continent, draw a pattern of isotherms that show the likely average annual temperature ranges.
Q5) The ________ temperature scale has 100 units between freezing and boiling.
Q6) Nighttime outgoing longwave radiation is usually greatest over ________ regions of Earth.
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Chapter 5: Atmospheric Pressure and Wind
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171 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) A counterclockwise atmospheric circulation in the Northern Hemisphere is known as a/an ________.
A) anticyclone
B) cyclone
C) Coriolis effect
D) pressure gradient
E) troposphere
Q2) El Niño has been noticed for centuries by fishermen in ________.
A) France
B) Brazil
C) Chile
D) Turkey
E) Antarctica
Q3) TAO/TRITON is a(n) ________ helping to pinpoint El Niño conditions.
A) remote sensing device
B) series of weather stations
C) satellites
D) series of buoys
E) experimental submarine
Q4) The gas law relates density, temperature, and ________ in the atmosphere.
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Chapter 6: Atmospheric Moisture
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Sample Questions
Q1) When air is heated enough so that it is warmer than the surrounding air, it is
A) unstable
B) stable
C) convective
D) saturated
E) none of the above
Q2) Showery precipitation is most closely associated with ________.
A) cirrus clouds
B) stable air
C) non-buoyant air
D) sinking air
E) unstable air
Q3) Acid rainfall does conspicuous damage to ________.
A) human health
B) Antarctic ice sheets
C) aquatic ecosystems
D) crop production
E) all of the above
Q4) Large raindrops, large snowflakes, or hail indicate ________ in the atmosphere.
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Chapter 7: Atmospheric Disturbances
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Sample Questions
Q1) Worldwide, hurricanes have caused more loss of life than tornadoes.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Thunderstorms are violent ________ storms accompanied by thunder and lightning.
A) adiabatic
B) convective
C) stationary
D) occluded
E) jet stream
Q3) ________ have the most dynamic and changeable day-to-day weather on Earth.
A) Tropical latitudes
B) Latitudes affected by fronts
C) Polar latitudes
D) Latitudes affected by hurricanes
E) Air mass source regions
Q4) A large body of air with internal homogeneous characteristics is known as a(n)
Q5) Which part of a thunderstorm cloud is electrified with negative charges?
Q6) Explain how tornadoes form.
9
Q7) Hurricanes can evolve only when there is no significant ________ .
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Chapter 8: Climatic and Climate Change
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187 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Precipitation is usually plentiful in the cold climates of Earth.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The ________ climate is found mainly in the Northern Hemisphere around the fringes of the Arctic Ocean.
Q3) The poleward limits of the Aw climate are approximately equivalent to
A) tropical coastlines.
B) limit of atoll formation.
C) average 0°C isotherm.
D) poleward maximum migration of the ITC.
E) average annual 15°C isotherm.
Q4) Which of the following would be an expected average annual precipitation total in a marine west coast climate?
A) 10 centimeters
B) 100 centimeters
C) 1,000 centimeters
D) 10,000 centimeters
E) none of the above
Q5) ________ is the climate of most of the southeastern United States.
Q6) How are the climatic controls of a BWh climate different from an Af climate?
Page 10
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Chapter 9: The Hydrosphere
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Sample Questions
Q1) The Great Pacific Garbage Patch is caused because of floating trash caught
A) in a hurricane
B) in a conveyor belt zone
C) in a subtropical gyre
D) near Australia
E) in polar latitudes
Q2) The Arctic Ocean contains about ________ percent of Earth's total ocean water.
A) 0.4
B) 4
C) 40
D) 60
E) 90
Q3) Approximately ________ percent of all continental water flows into the oceans.
A) 7
B) 10
C) 15
D) 25
E) 30
Q4) Explain why salinity varies amongst the ocean regions of Earth.
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Chapter 10: Cycles and Patterns in the Biosphere
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Sample Questions
Q1) Most plants are able to use nitrogen directly from the atmosphere.
A)True
B)False
Q2) A(n) ________ is another term for a consumer.
A) autotroph
B) heterotroph
C) bryophyte
D) photosynthetic plant
E) producer
Q3) Reproductive success is a key factor allowing one competing population to die off while another flourishes.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The absence of light is an absolute limitation on terrestrial vegetation.
A)True
B)False
Q5) The Linnaean system of classification is binomial.
A)True
B)False
Q6) ________ competition is competition among members of different species.
Page 12
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Chapter 11: Terrestrial Flora and Fauna
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Sample Questions
Q1) The hardwood broadleaf deciduous trees around the world are ________.
A) eucalyptus
B) angiosperms
C) gymnosperms
D) acacias
E) none of the above
Q2) ________ is (are) characteristic(s) of desert animals.
A) Shiny hair
B) Flightlessness
C) Anatomical similarities to camels
D) Extreme susceptibility to heat stress
E) Nocturnal activity
Q3) A ________ is a natural but variable sequential change in vegetation patterns.
A) deciduous
B) succession
C) hypertrophic
D) food chain
E) none of the above
Q4) "Pampa" and "veldt" are Southern Hemisphere varieties of the ________ biome.
Q5) Birds are thought to have evolved from ________.
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Chapter 12: Soils
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Sample Questions
Q1) ________ are roughly similar to Alfisols except that they are more thoroughly weathered and more completely leached of nutrient bases.
Q2) In humid regions gray or white soil indicates a concentration of iron near the surface.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Which of the following is NOT true of soil air?
A) rich in carbon dioxide
B) poor in oxygen
C) nearly saturated
D) insignificant air movement
E) full of nutrients
Q4) Permafrost and minimal profile development are most closely associated with which soil order?
A) Andisols
B) Mollisols
C) Histosols
D) Oxisols
E) Gelisols
Q5) The ________ soil order tends to form the deepest soils.
Page 14
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Chapter 13: Introduction to Landform Study
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Sample Questions
Q1) Consideration of the scale of landform observation means that the aspects of the landscape one observes in a close-up view are different from those observed from a more distant view.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The largest and most important mineral family consists of the ________.
A) sulfides
B) oxides
C) silicates
D) bromides
E) halides
Q3) Internal forces of the Earth tend to be better understood and more predictable than the external forces of the Earth.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Sedimentary rocks are the most common rock type found within the Earth's entire crust.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Halide minerals are notably ________.
Page 15
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Chapter 14: The Internal Processes
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Sample Questions
Q1) Contrast the shape, structure, and formation of composite and shield volcanoes.
Q2) A volcanic mudflow is known as a(n) ________.
Q3) Which of the following was the single "supercontinent" which existed before individual continents broke apart from it starting 200 million years ago?
A) Asia
B) Pangaea
C) India
D) Laurasia
E) Gondwanaland
Q4) If you travel away from a midocean ridge you will find ________.
A) increasingly older rocks
B) increasingly younger rocks
C) the seafloor is drifting opposite to your direction of motion
D) more and more earthquakes
E) little evidence of paleomagnetic reversals of the poles
Q5) Volcanism and vulcanism are synonyms.
A)True
B)False
Q6) Wegener's theory was not accepted because he did not provide ________.
Q7) ________ is an area of extensive flood basalts.
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Chapter 15: Preliminaries to Erosion: Weathering and Mass Wasting
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Sample Questions
Q1) The location of features such as cliffs and valleys might be strongly influenced by the position of ________.
A) rocks which can be exfoliated
B) systems of microspaces
C) master joints
D) talus slopes
E) scree
Q2) A talus slope has a characteristic angle of repose of about 35 degrees.
A)True
B)False
Q3) A weathering type associated with curved and concentric sets of joints that break away in successive layers is called ________.
A) exfoliation
B) hydrolysis
C) landslide
D) creep
E) solifluction
Q4) To cause solifluction, the ________ layer of the permafrost melts during the summer.
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Chapter 16: Fluvial Processes
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Sample Questions
Q1) On sloping ground, most particles move downhill because of the collision of raindrops with the landscape. This movement of sediment is known as ________.
Q2) Worldwide, water is more important than wind in its role as a sculptor of terrain.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Marking the outer edge of floodplains are landforms called ________.
A) levees
B) meanders
C) bluffs
D) oxbow lakes
E) mesas
Q4) Friction has little impact on the energy of water moving down a channel.
A)True
B)False
Q5) The lower course of a stream is dominated by landforms created by ________.
Q6) Many streams have drainage patterns unrelated to the underlying geologic structure.
A)True
B)False
Page 18
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Chapter 17: Karst and Hydrothermal Processes
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Sample Questions
Q1) It might be said that karst and hydrothermal features are the result of "underground" fluvial processes and are covered in Chapter 17 of your textbook while surface fluvial processes form the core of Chapter 16. Compare/contrast the actions of water as a landscape former underground and at the surface.
Q2) A fumarole has ________.
A) liquid water as its principal product
B) many of the characteristics of a hot spring
C) a large amount of water involved in its functions
D) a direct connection to a cave
E) all of the above
Q3) ________ are karst features also known as "haystack hills".
Q4) Drainage in karst areas is often beneath the surface.
A)True
B)False
Q5) A complex of intersecting dolines is known as a(n) ________.
A) sinkhole
B) cavern
C) speleothem
D) geyser basin
E) uvala
Page 19
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Chapter 18: The Topography of Arid Lands
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Sample Questions
Q1) Draw a diagram illustrating at least five features in basin-and-range topography.
Q2) Aeolian processes refer to those involving ________.
A) running water
B) ice
C) wind
D) groundwater
E) chemical weathering
Q3) "Dust Bowl" conditions in the North American Great Plains of the 1930s represented ________.
A) something that will not happen again
B) changes which occurred because the climate changed
C) an identical situation to the Sahel of the late 1960s
D) deforestation
E) desertification
Q4) ________ is the desert material that allows rapid infiltration of rainwater, is readily moved by heavy rains, and can be shifted and shaped by the winds.
Q5) Many of today's loess deposits date from the time of the ________ glaciation.
Q6) ________ is a term that means steep cliffs.
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Chapter 19: Glacial Modification of Terrain
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Sample Questions
Q1) Ice deep within glaciers is capable of bending rather than breaking.
A)True
B)False
Q2) ________ is compressed snow which might change into glacial ice.
A) Nunatak
B) Névé
C) Cirque
D) Ablation
E) Calcium carbonate
Q3) A ________ is a lengthy deposit of glaciofluvial alluvial confined to a valley bottom and found beyond the outwash plain.
Q4) The Pleistocene Epoch began at least ________.
A) in the 20th century
B) 2.5 million years ago
C) over 20 million years ago
D) in the 1600s A.D.
E) 10,000 years ago
Q5) Polished rock surfaces give evidence of the past process of glacial abrasion.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 20: Coastal Processes and Terrain
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following has origins linked to lowered Pleistocene sea levels?
A) the presence of the large barrier islands
B) wave-cut terraces observed on today's coastlines
C) great damage done by Pleistocene tsunamis
D) the location of today's coral reefs
E) the formation of continental shelves
Q2) Which of the following shoreline features does NOT belong with the others?
A) bench
B) lagoon
C) terrace
D) notch
E) cliff
Q3) A ________ is formed when converging waves deposit sand from two directions.
A) spit
B) hook
C) tombolo
D) beach
E) notch
Q4) An environmental concern of commercially developing tidal power is ________.
Q5) The input and output of sediment from a beach is known as ________.
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