Molecular and Cellular Immunology Exam Review
Course Introduction
Molecular and Cellular Immunology provides an in-depth exploration of the fundamental mechanisms that govern immune system function at both the molecular and cellular levels. The course covers the structure and function of immune molecules such as antibodies, antigens, and major histocompatibility complexes, as well as the signaling pathways and cellular interactions that underlie immune responses. Key topics include the development and differentiation of immune cells, molecular recognition of pathogens, immune tolerance, and the roles of innate and adaptive immunity. Students will also investigate how dysregulation of these processes leads to immunological disorders, autoimmunity, and immunodeficiency, with an emphasis on current research and experimental techniques used to study immune mechanisms.
Recommended Textbook
Basic Immunology Functions and Disorders of the Immune System 4th Edition by Abul K. Abbas
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12 Chapters
181 Verified Questions
181 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/study-set/1165
Page 2
Chapter 1: Introduction to the Immune System
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16 Verified Questions
16 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/23007
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements best describes the "two-signal requirement" for naive lymphocyte activation?
A)Lymphocytes must recognize two different antigens to become activated.
B)Lymphocytes must recognize the same antigen at two sequential times to become activated.
C)Lymphocytes must recognize antigen and respond to another signal generated by microbial infection to become activated.
D)Both naive B and naive T lymphocytes must simultaneously recognize antigen for either to be activated.
E)When lymphocytes recognize antigen, the antigen receptors must activate two-signal transduction pathways to become activated.
Answer: C
Q2) The two major functional classes of effector T lymphocytes are:
A)Helper T lymphocytes and cytotoxic T lymphocytes
B)Natural killer cells and cytotoxic T lymphocytes
C)Memory T cells and effector T cells
D)Helper cells and antigen-presenting cells
E)Cytotoxic T lymphocytes and target cells
Answer: A
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Chapter 2: Innate Immunity
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17 Verified Questions
17 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/23008
Sample Questions
Q1) Toll-like receptors and other receptors are potent activators of various components of the innate immune system. All of the following proteins are expressed in response to signaling by these receptors EXCEPT:
A)Interleukin-12
B)E-selectin
C)Tumor necrosis factor
D)Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS)
E)CD28
Answer: E
Q2) Macrophages and neutrophils express several enzymes that are involved in biochemical mechanisms that kill ingested microbes. Which of the following is NOT an enzyme expressed by these cells?
A)Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS)
B)Granzyme B
C)Phagocyte oxidase
D)Myeloperoxidase
E)Lysozyme
Answer: B
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Chapter 3: Antigen Capture and Presentation to Lymphocytes
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17 Verified Questions
17 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/23009
Sample Questions
Q1) Which type of antigen-presenting cell is most important for activating naive T cells?
A)Macrophage
B)Dendritic cell
C)Endothelial cell
D)B lymphocyte
E)Epithelial cell
Answer: B
Q2) Which one of the following statements about dendritic cells is true?
A)Immature dendritic cells are ubiquitously present in skin and mucosal tissues.
B)Dendritic cell maturation occurs after migration to lymph nodes in response to signals derived from activated T cells.
C)Class II MHC and T cell costimulators are highly expressed on immature dendritic cells and are down-regulated during maturation.
D)Dendritic cells that enter lymph nodes through draining lymphatics migrate to the B cell-rich follicles in response to chemokines.
E)The principal function of mature dendritic cells is antigen capture.
Answer: A
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Page 5
Chapter 4: Antigen Recognition in the Adaptive Immune System
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17 Verified Questions
17 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/23010
Sample Questions
Q1) A 15-year-old girl develops malaise, headache, and low-grade fever, followed by pharyngitis and cervical lymph node enlargement as a result of infectious mononucleosis caused by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). Her acute symptoms resolve within 2 weeks, and the fatigue improves within 3 months. Following the primary infection described in this patient, the patient's subsequent exposure to Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) will trigger clonal expansion of EBV-specific T cells expressing which one of the following surface molecules?
A)CD62L
B)CD44
C)CD45RA
D)CD45RO
E)CD21
Q2) CD1-restricted T cells differ from other T cells restricted to class I or class II MHC molecules in which one of the following ways?
A)CD-1 restricted T cells cannot rapidly secrete cytokines.
B)CD-1 restricted T cells recognize non-peptide antigens, such as lipids.
C)CD-1 restricted T cells bind both cell-associated and soluble antigens.
D)CD-1 restricted T cells express both CD4 and CD8 coreceptors.
E)CD-1 restricted T cells are actually natural killer (NK) cells.
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Chapter 5: T Cell Mediated Immunity
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15 Verified Questions
15 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/23011
Sample Questions
Q1) Which one of the following accurately depicts the correct order of events in a TCR signal transduction pathway?
A)TCR Lck Zap-70 LAT Grb-2 SOS Ras Erk Fos
B)TCR Lck Zap-70 LAT SOS Grb-2 Ras Erk Fos
C)TCR Lck ITK LAT Grb-2 SOS Ras Erk Fos
D)TCR Lck Zap-70 LAT SOS Grb-2 Ras Erk Jun
E)TCR Lck Zap-70 LAT PLC DAG calcium release
Q2) Which one of the following signaling molecules, if mutated, would affect B cell maturation and function primarily without affecting T cell function?
A)Btk
B)Itk
C)Tec
D)PI-3 kinase
E)Zap-70
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Chapter 6: Effector Mechanisms of T Cell Mediated Immunity
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10 Verified Questions
10 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/23012
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following molecules is NOT important in the interaction between a cytolytic T lymphocyte and a target cell?
A)B7-1
B)ICAM-1
C)LFA-1
D)T cell receptor
E)Class I MHC
Q2) The mechanisms by which TH1 cells protect against microbes include all of the following EXCEPT:
A)Secretion of interferon (IFN)- ,which activates microbicidal functions of macrophages
B)Expression of CD40 ligand, which binds to CD40 on macrophages and activates them
C)Secretion of IFN- , which promotes B cell production of opsonizing antibodies
D)Secretion of lymphotoxin and tumor necrosis factor, which enhance neutrophil killing of ingested microbes
E)Release of granzyme B, which stimulates apoptosis of bacteria
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Chapter 7: Humoral Immune Responses
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17 Verified Questions
17 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/23013
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following descriptions about affinity maturation is correct?
A)Depends on somatic mutation of V genes
B)Depends on negative selection of B cells that can bind antigen in the germinal center
C)Depends on antigen processing and presentation by dendritic cells within the germinal center
D)Depends on the autoimmune regulator (AIRE) gene
E)Depends on somatic recombination of Ig V genes
Q2) A 5-year-old boy has a history of recurrent pneumococcal pneumonia, Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP), and bacterial ear infections. His maternal uncle and an older brother experienced the same symptoms, but he has an older sister who is healthy. Laboratory studies indicate normal numbers of B cells and T cells, and the serum contains mostly IgM and very little IgG. If this patient did have a sister affected with the same condition, which of the following genes would most likely contain a mutation?
A)AID (activation-induced deaminase)
B)CD40
C)CD40L
D)CD28
E)CTLA-4
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Page 9
Chapter 8: Effector Mechanisms of Humoral Immunity
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13 Verified Questions
13 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/23014
Sample Questions
Q1) Up to half of the IgG found in the serum of a normal individual is produced by which of the following cells?
A)Naive B cells in lymph nodes
B)Activated B cells in the spleen
C)B cells in germinal centers of lymph nodes
D)B lymphocytes in the gastrointestinal tract
E)Long-lived plasma cells in the bone marrow
Q2) Treatment of antibodies with the enzyme papain under conditions of limited proteolysis results in hinge-region cleavage, yielding monovalent antigen-binding Fab fragments that lack a constant region. Which effector function of antibodies would Fab fragments be able to perform?
A)Complement pathway activation
B)Antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity
C)Opsonization
D)Antigen cross-linking and precipitation
E)Microbe neutralization
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Chapter 9: Immunological Tolerance and Autoimmunity
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17 Verified Questions
17 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/23015
Sample Questions
Q1) Failure of self-tolerance is the cause of which one of the following types of diseases?
A)Allograft rejection
B)Autoimmunity
C)Atopy
D)Anergy
E)Acne
Q2) Which of the following is NOT a property of regulatory T cells?
A)Interleukin-2 receptor (CD25) expression
B)Secretion of transforming growth factor-
C)Maturation in the thymus
D)Secretion of interferon-
E)Inhibition of function of other T cells
Q3) Which one of the following factors generally favors tolerance to an antigen and not stimulation of an immune response?
A)High doses of antigen
B)Short-lived persistence of antigen
C)Cutaneous portal of entry
D)Presence of adjuvant
E)Costimulator expression on antigen-presenting cells
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Chapter 10: Immune Responses against Tumors and Transplants
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10 Verified Questions
10 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/23016
Sample Questions
Q1) A 56-year-old woman sees her primary care physician complaining of flank pain and hematuria and is found to have a hematocrit of 56%. She is subsequently diagnosed with advanced renal cell carcinoma. Part of the patient's management involves systemic cytokine therapy; however, the patient develops severe pulmonary edema as a result of the treatment. Which of the following cytokines was most likely used in this patient's therapy?
A)Interleukin (IL)-2
B)IL-6
C)IL-12
D)GM-CSF (granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor)
E)TNF (tumor necrosis factor)
Q2) Which of the following is NOT a mechanism by which tumors evade immune responses?
A)Decreased synthesis of TAP
B)Increased expression of glycocalyx
C)Lack of costimulatory molecule expression
D)Increased expression of TGF-
E)Increased expression of Fas
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Chapter 11: Hypersensitivity
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14 Verified Questions
14 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/23017
Sample Questions
Q1) An 8-year-old boy from the intermountain region of the United States is brought to the pediatrician with fever, rash, and pain in his knees and ankles. Pericarditis is evident on auscultation, and echocardiography confirms mitral valve regurgitation. Three weeks before this episode, the patient had experienced a sore throat but had not received medical attention. High titers of antistreptococcal antibodies are present in the serum. This child's disease is a result of which one of the following phenomena?
A)Clonal anergy
B)Peripheral tolerance
C)Epitope spreading
D)Central tolerance
E)Molecular mimicry
Q2) Which of the following is NOT associated with increased relative risk of developing systemic lupus erythematosus?
A)Female gender
B)Deficiency in complement protein C2
C)African-American ethnicity
D)Presence of HLA-DR3
E)Defect in B cell maturation
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13
Chapter 12: Congenital and Acquired Immunodeficiencies
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18 Verified Questions
18 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/23018
Sample Questions
Q1) A 3-year-old boy is taken to the pediatrician because of a nosebleed (epistaxis). He has a history of severe, recurrent sinopulmonary infection. Physical examination is remarkable for dry, red patches of skin (eczema) and multiple petechiae (tiny hemorrhagic spots). Laboratory findings include thrombocytopenia and reduced IgM levels. The boy's maternal uncle died of bleeding complications after an emergency appendectomy. Which of the following represents a curative therapy currently available for this patient?
A)Passive immunization with gamma globulin
B)Bone marrow transplantation
C)Treatment with corticosteroids
D)Enzyme replacement
E)Gene therapy
Q2) Which one of the following is typically NOT associated with T cell immunodeficiencies?
A)Cancer
B)Viral infection
C)Autoimmunity
D)Infection with intracellular microbes
E)Infection with pyogenic bacteria
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Page 14