Modern World History
Solved Exam Questions
Course Introduction
Modern World History explores the major political, social, economic, and cultural developments from the late eighteenth century to the present. Students will examine pivotal events such as the Industrial Revolution, revolutions in Europe and the Americas, imperialism, the world wars, decolonization, the Cold War, and the emergence of globalization. Through the analysis of primary and secondary sources, this course encourages critical thinking about the causes and consequences of historical change, the dynamics of power and resistance, and interconnected global processes that have shaped the modern era.
Recommended Textbook World History 7th Edition by William J. Duiker
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30 Chapters
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Early Humans and the First Civilizations
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Sample Questions
Q1) King Solomon is associated with all of the following except
A) he ruled a united kingdom.
B) he built a temple.
C) his capital was Jerusalem.
D) Israel was at the height of its powers.
E) controlled all of the Middle East.
Answer: E
Q2) Which of the following is untrue about the Code of Hammurabi?
A) Public officials had numerous responsibilities.
B) It incorporated a system of consumer protection.
C) The largest category focused on marriage and the family.
D) Sexual promiscuity was tolerated for men only.
E) Hammurabi's code did not mention women.
Answer: E
Q3) ka
Answer: The term "Ka" is an ancient Egyptian concept that refers to one's life force or spiritual double. It is believed to be created by the gods at a person's birth and is often depicted as a person's exact double. The Ka was thought to live on after a person's physical death, and it was the responsibility of the living to provide sustenance for the Ka in the afterlife.
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Chapter 2: Ancient India
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Sample Questions
Q1) The Aryans
A) dominated ancient India after their arrival from the north.
B) assimilated with the Dravidians to form an egalitarian India.
C) introduced agriculture to India.
D) created a unified system of tribal alliances and kingdoms within ancient India.
E) came originally from Persia and the Arabian peninsula.
Answer: A
Q2) A famous grammar was written by the Indian scholar
A) Panini.
B) Ashoka.
C) Gandhi.
D) Jawaharlal.
E) Arjuna.
Answer: A
Q3) dharma
Answer: Answer not provided.
Q4) karma
Answer: Answer not provided.
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Chapter 3: China in Antiquity
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Sample Questions
Q1) The Qin dynasty
A) permitted all philosophies to compete freely for public acceptance.
B) had a shy, highly religious Buddhist as its first ruler.
C) lasted exactly four hundred years.
D) carried out public book burnings.
E) developed the first direct democracy in human history.
Answer: D
Q2) Which of the following statements is correct about the nature of the Zhou merchant and slave classes?
A) Merchants were independent operators and slaves were a majority of the population.
B) The merchants traded only in domestic goods and the slaves worked only in irrigation.
C) The merchants were the property of the local lord and the slaves were probably individuals who had been seized in warfare.
D) The merchants became the de facto rulers who humanely freed their slaves.
E) Under the Zhou the merchant classes were enslaved by the emperors.
Answer: C
Q3) Great Wall
Answer: Answer not provided.
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Chapter 4: The Civilization of the Greeks
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Sample Questions
Q1) polis
Q2) Heinrich Schliemann
Q3) The Athenian leader whose funeral oration lauded Athenian democracy was
A) Antigones.
B) Lycurgus.
C) Knosses.
D) Pericles.
E) Cleisthenes.
Q4) the Parthenon
Q5) Minoan civilization was strongly influenced by Mycenaean civilization.
A)True
B)False
Q6) The earliest Aegean civilization was located
A) in the Peloponnesus.
B) on the island of Delos.
C) in Attica.
D) on Crete.
E) in Macedonia.
Q7) "Hellenistic civilization had a greater ultimate impact on Western Civilization than the Hellenic/polis world of Athens and Sparta." Discuss,pro and con.
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Chapter
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Sample Questions
Q1) Italy had fewer rugged mountains and possessed more productive agricultural lands than Greece.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Although at the time of the first Han dynasty census,in 2 C.E.,the population of China was estimated at sixty million,within two centuries the oppressive Han policies had reduced the population to:
A) less than twenty million.
B) less than thirty million.
C) around thirty-five million.
D) less than forty million.
E) around fifty million.
Q3) Members of the aristocratic governing class in Rome were known as the
A) hoplites.
B) Gracchi.
C) Latins.
D) patricians.
E) plebs.
Q4) Virgil's Aeneid
Q5) the Colosseum and gladiators
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Chapter 6: The Americas
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Q1) Which civilization lived in terraces cut out of a mountainside located in the central Mexican highlands?
A) Chavin
B) Olmec
C) Zapotec
D) Inca
E) Maya
Q2) Compare and contrast the development of the Aztec empire with that of the Roman Empire.What are the similarities and what are the differences?
Q3) In which areas were the Mayan and Aztec civilizations similar?
A) They both practiced human sacrifice.
B) Both had religious practices and beliefs brought from Asia in the eleventh century.
C) Both used sophisticated alphabets with thirty-nine letters.
D) They were both seafaring societies.
E) Volcanic eruptions destroyed both civilizations.
Q4) What were some of the elements that the Western Hemisphere lacked that would have made state building quicker and more complete? Why?
Q5) cacao
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Chapter 7: Ferment in the Middle East: The Rise of Islam
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Q1) The term jihad
A) was the formal name of the Arab Grand Council.
B) was a form of political exploitation strongly denounced by Muhammad.
C) was the early term used to describe the Prime Force.
D) has been translated with multiple meanings.
E) was a large grey rock located in Yathrib.
Q2) Saladin
Q3) In what ways was the Muslim caliphate in Spain more tolerant than those in the east? What kinds of restrictions were generally placed on non-Muslims in Andalusia? Since the attacks of September 2001,how have revisionist historians sought to use the example of the Moorish era in Spain to counter the perception that all Muslims are sympathetic to terrorist attacks against the West? How have other historians disputed this interpretation?
Q4) Muhammad's teachings
A) stressed that Islam was not just a religion but also a way of life.
B) required all Muslims to follow the Six Suras and the Seven Pillars.
C) accepted polygyny, but permitted men to take only one wife.
D) were entirely theological with almost no ethical nor moral aspects.
E) were propagated in Greek to make them more understandable in the non-Arab world.
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Chapter 8: Early Civilizations in Africa
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Sample Questions
Q1) Ghana and Saleh
Q2) The following were true about the trans-Sahara caravan trade except
A) the Arab introduction of the camel into Africa enabled this trade to greatly increase.
B) cultural exchanges were stimulated by the growth of the caravan activity.
C) it enabled the Sahara region to become a major crossroad of international commerce.
D) it brought the first Islamic traders to central Africa in the first century B.C.E.
E) it allowed Islam to influence much of Africa south of the Sahara.
Q3) Mombasa,Zanzibar,and Mogadishu
Q4) Axum stelae
Q5) Benin bronzes
Q6) Kilwa
Q7) Rhapta
Q8) Zanj/Azania
Q9) Meroë
Q10) the Periplus
Q11) Zagwe dynasty
Q12) Ibn Battuta
Page 10
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Chapter 9: The Expansion of Civilization in South and Southeast Asia
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Q1) During the period between the Mauryas and the Mughals,Indian culture
A) experienced an era of stagnation.
B) experienced great creative development.
C) demonstrated minimal creativity, except in the field of concrete portraiture.
D) was unable to adjust to the turbulence of the era.
E) was greatly influenced by Han China.
Q2) Under the medieval Indian land-use system
A) most farmers gave their landlord their entire annual harvest.
B) the landlord paid taxes to the local king in the form of manufactured goods.
C) actual title to the farmland in the realm belonged to the king.
D) most farmers owned about 35 acres per family.
E) rajas worked the land themselves.
Q3) Muslim rule in India
A) maintained a close alliance with Baghdad.
B) was totally assimilated into Hindu culture.
C) employed many Hindus in powerful positions within the government.
D) reserved most of the high posts in the central government and the provinces for Muslims.
E) never made use of Hindus on any level of government.
Q4) Mahmud of Ghazni
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Chapter 10: The Flowering of Traditional China
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Sample Questions
Q1) During the Song era,Chinese painting was primarily inspired by Confucianism.
A)True
B)False
Q2) the Silk Road(s)and Bactrian camels
Q3) Karakorum
Q4) The most effective expression of literature from the Tang to the Ming dynasties was in the form of
A) technical books of instruction for artisans and peasants.
B) general prose.
C) historical narratives.
D) poetry.
E) encyclopedic gazettes.
Q5) Under Song rule in China,the system of local government
A) permitted villages to administer themselves.
B) gave specific, vital responsibilities to the village "council of elders."
C) enabled the most prominent families in the village to dominate the council of elders.
D) essentially remained as it had been under the Tang.
E) all of the above
Q6) Wang Anshi
13
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Chapter 11: The East Asian Rimlands: Early Japan, Korea, and Vietnam
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Q1) Bushido
Q2) The Buddhist sect that taught that devotion alone could lead to enlightenment and release was
A) the Mahayana.
B) the Pure Land.
C) Zen.
D) the White Lotus.
E) Tantrism.
Q3) The "warring states era" in Japan occurred during the Tokugawa shogunate.
A)True
B)False
Q4) In reaction to the Tang infiltration into the Korean Peninsula, A) relations between the Korean kingdoms and the Japanese rulers became estranged.
B) Japanese governmental power became more decentralized for a time.
C) Shotoku Taishi made contacts with Tang rulers in order to adopt Chinese governing methods.
D) Japan declared war upon Korea.
E) Japan declared war upon Tang China.
Q5) Minamoto Yoritomo
Page 14
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Chapter 12: The Making of Europe
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Sample Questions
Q1) Why did the revival of trade during the High Middle Ages occur as,and when,it did? Back up your ideas with supporting evidence.
Q2) The medieval university
A) was originally an educational association of students or scholars, as at Bologna.
B) taught only technical and scientific courses.
C) rejected the study of law.
D) only taught people trained in theology.
E) allowed women to attend.
Q3) All of the following were true of the medieval peasants' life except A) their housing was quite basic.
B) they were members of agricultural craft guilds.
C) peasant women had a challenging role.
D) their diet was simple but adequate when food was available.
E) they owed labor services to the lord of the manor.
Q4) What societal needs and social and political trends were involved in the development of feudalism? What social problems did feudalism create,as well as solve,in western European societies?
Q5) fiefs
Q6) "the peasants' crusade"
Page 15
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Chapter 13: The Byzantine Empire and Crisis and Recovery in the
West
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Sample Questions
Q1) The principles of Early Renaissance art
A) were demonstrated in the frescoes of Masaccio, which employed the laws of perspective and a more realistic relationship between figures and landscape.
B) excluded the nudes in the works of Palladio.
C) failed to begin a new area of artistic statement.
D) were marked by total disregard of knowledge of motion and/or anatomical detail.
E) explored the possibilities of scroll portraiture.
Q2) "Byzantine"
Q3) Renaissance
Q4) Aragon and Castile
Q5) the Great Schism
Q6) Renaissance artists
A) painted and sculpted only religious subjects.
B) never painted or sculpted religious subjects.
C) focused on a realistic portrayal of human beings and nature.
D) turned their back on nature, following instead their inner subjective emotions.
E) never worked for the Church.
Q7) Nika Revolt
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Chapter 14: New Encounters: The Creation of a World Market
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Sample Questions
Q1) Compare and contrast slavery in Africa before the sixteenth century to African slavery after the arrival of the Europeans.What are the continuities,if any,and what are the differences?
Q2) Portuguese control of the spice trade was ended by
A) Muslim attacks from Delhi.
B) the circumnavigating voyage of Balboa.
C) the establishment of the British and Dutch East India Companies.
D) rival Hindu merchants from the Ganges plain.
E) a new outbreak of the Black Death.
Q3) Compare and contrast the impact of the European colonial nations in the Americas with the impact of the West in Southeast Asia.What are the similarities and what are the differences?
Q4) Pedro Cabral
Q5) John Cabot
Q6) Christopher Columbus
Q7) How,and to what extent,did the arrival of Europeans influence the scope and conduct of the spice trade?
Q8) sternpost rudder,compass,and astrolabe
Q9) Batavia Page 17
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Chapter 15: Europe Transformed: Reform and State Building
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Sample Questions
Q1) "The economic and social changes that occurred during the fifteenth and early sixteenth century inevitably led to the Protestant Reformation." Discuss.Can it also be said that the economic and political turmoil that characterized this period also led to significant artistic and literary accomplishments?
Q2) An important reason why Henry VIII broke with the Roman church was because A) he became a Lutheran.
B) he wanted to develop a distinct English Christianity for nationalistic reasons. C) the Archbishop of Canterbury had a direct confrontation with the Patriarch of Constantinople.
D) he could not get Rome's permission to divorce his wife, Catherine of Aragon. E) his dislike of women caused him to become an Anglican priest.
Q3) By 1500,poor city-dwellers constituted ____ percent of the urban population.
A) 10-15
B) 20
C) 30-40
D) 60-70
E) 85
Q4) Anabaptists
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Chapter 16: The Muslim Empires
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Sample Questions
Q1) What were the major cultural contributions of Mughal India? Of Safavid Persia?
Q2) Sinan
Q3) Babur
Q4) In the Ottoman system,the administrative unit of each religious minority was called a
A) millet.
B) vezier.
C) janissary.
D) sipahis
E) devshirme.
Q5) Golden Horn
Q6) The Ottoman Turks renamed Constantinople
A) Kuycik.
B) Istanbul.
C) Anatolia.
D) Adrianople.
E) Ankara.
Q7) Nur Jahan
Q8) Haidar Ali
Q9) Jahangir
Page 20
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Chapter 17: The East Asian World
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Q1) The Tokugawa shoguns exerted control over the daimyo by A) heavily taxing their lands.
B) requiring the daimyo to marry into merchant families.
C) compelling the daimyo to maintain two residences, one in their own domain and one in Edo.
D) forbidding the daimyo ever to appear at Edo, the center of the shogun's rule.
E) transferring the daimyos' lands to the peasant class.
Q2) The Treaty of Nerchinsk
A) created an anti-Chinese alliance between Japan and Russia.
B) settled the location of the Sino-Russian boundary.
C) established formal diplomatic relations between Korea and Japan.
D) was not consummated due to the Russian refusal to perform the kowtow.
E) gave the Russians the control of Beijing.
Q3) Saikaku's Five Women Who Loved Love
Q4) Gold Vase Plum/The Golden Lotus
Q5) "hostage system"
Q6) Nagasaki
Q7) Manchus/Jurchen
Q8) Yongle
Q9) East India Company/Canton
Page 22
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Page 23
Chapter 18: The West on the Eve of a New World Order
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Q1) Isaac Newton's Principia
Q2) the Enlightenment
Q3) Adam Smith and laissez-faire
Q4) The Catholic Church condemned the theories of Copernicus and Galileo because they
A) ended the spirituality of the earth.
B) threatened the Scriptures, as the heavens were no longer a spiritual world but a world of matter.
C) was simpler to accept it than to reject its doctrinal challenges.
D) conflicted with those of Newton.
E) were contrary to the Council of Constance.
Q5) Balthasar Neumann's church of the Vierzehnheiligen
Q6) Napoleon was ultimately defeated because of Britain's ability to sustain its military and economic power.
A)True
B)False
Q7) What characteristics of European civilization encouraged or mandated both the Scientific Revolution and the Enlightenment?
Q8) Committee of Public Safety and Maximilien Robespierre
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Chapter 19: The Beginnings of Modernization:
Industrialization and Nationalism in the Nineteenth Century
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Q1) Karl Marx believed that all of human history was the story of
A) the survival of the fittest.
B) the class struggle.
C) the ends justifying the means.
D) peasant rebellions.
E) nationalism.
Q2) Louis Napoleon/Napoleon III
Q3) Queen Victoria
Q4) Nineteenth-century liberals advocated
A) equal voting rights for all citizens.
B) equal voting rights for all male citizens.
C) voting rights only for male citizens who met certain property requirements.
D) an egalitarian democracy of universal suffrage.
E) rapid change through revolutionary action.
Q5) Continental European industrialization
A) started a full generation before it did in England.
B) began in Belgium, France, and the German states.
C) didn't gain momentum until the 1890s in France.
D) was centered in northwestern Piedmont until 1815.
E) was initiated by Bismarck, Napoleon III, and Friedrich and Hans Engels.
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Chapter 20: The Americas and Society and Culture in the West
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Q1) Wassily Kandinsky and abstract expressionism
Q2) Major Realist works include
A) Gustave Courbet's The Stonebreakers.
B) Gustave Flaubert's Nicholas I: Tsar of Ill Fortune.
C) Ludwig van Beethoven's Eroica.
D) Mary Shelley's Prometheus Unbound.
E) Dmitri Mendeleyev's The Death of Sardanapalus.
Q3) The liberators of Venezuela and Argentina,respectively,were
A) Simón Bolívar and José de San Martín.
B) Augustín de Iturbide and Toussaint Prado.
C) José de San Martín and Alfonso Stroessner.
D) Santa Ana and Toussaint L'Ouverture.
E) Benito Juarez and Vicente Rojas.
Q4) The late nineteenth century advocate of a separate Jewish state was
A) Albert Einstein.
B) Theodor Herzl.
C) Adolph Hitler.
D) Houston Stewart Chamberlain.
E) Max Planck.
Q5) the Pankhursts and the WSPU
Page 26
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Chapter 21: The High Tide of Imperialism
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Q1) slave trade vs."legitimate trade"
Q2) In terms of resistance to imperial control,it can be accurately said that
A) traditional resistance movements successfully challenged European colonial regimes only in Liberia and Singapore, where they expelled the imperialist forces in 1887.
B) traditional resistance movements actually never used violence against colonial regimes.
C) some traditional resistance movements had significant religious dimensions, such as the revolts under the Mahdi in the Sudan and under Saya San in Burma.
D) nationalist movements became powerful only in the Shaka uprising led by the Brahma Samaj.
E) only the French, in Senegal and Laos, fully assimilated all of the local populations and made them truly "overseas French."
Q3) By 1900,the seizure of what region was included in the Indochinese Union?
A) Algeria
B) Thailand
C) Cambodia
D) the Sumatra archipelago
E) Burma
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Chapter 22: Shadows over the Pacific: East Asia under Challenge
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Q1) How did China and Japan each respond to Western pressures in the nineteenth century,and what implications did their different responses have for each nation's history? How did Western values and institutions influence Chinese and Japanese social mores and traditions during the imperialist era? In particular,contrast China's policy of "East for Essence,West for Practical Use" with the policies of Japan's Meiji Restoration.
Q2) In the Treaty of Shimonoseki,the Japanese obtained all except A) Taiwan.
B) the Liaodong Peninsula.
C) Port Arthur.
D) greater international prestige.
E) Beijing's Forbidden City.
Q3) Sino-Japanese War
Q4) "East for Essence,West for Practical Use"
Q5) The new modernizing policies of the Meiji Restoration included the A) restoration of the hereditary privileges of the daimyo.
B) retained the traditional warrior class system.
C) confiscation of the lands controlled by the daimyo.
D) exile of the samurai.
E) extermination of the samurai with "assisted seppuku."
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Chapter 23: The Beginning of the Twentieth-Century Crisis: War and Revolution
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Q1) the Schlieffen Plan
Q2) Which of the following was a manifestation of American isolationism?
A) failure of the United States to participate in the Great War
B) failure of the United States to join the League of Nations
C) failure of President Wilson to take part in the peace treaty deliberations in 1919
D) the American Neutrality Treaty with Germany and the Soviet Union
E) failure of the United States to join the United Nations
Q3) In a failed effort to open a Balkan front,in 1915 the British launched an attack on A) Belgium.
B) Constantinople.
C) Adrianople.
D) Gallipoli.
E) Sarajevo.
Q4) The Battle of Gallipoli was a major victory by Britain and its allies over the Ottoman Empire.
A)True
B)False
Q5) New Economic Policy (NEP)
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Chapter 24: Nationalism Revolution and Dictatorship: Asia
the Middle East and Latin America from 1919 to 1939
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Q1) Republic of Turkey
Q2) Hasan al-Bana and the Muslim Brotherhood
Q3) The Japanese term for the industrial and financial conglomerates that controlled much of the nation's industry was
A) autarkas.
B) kokutai.
C) genro.
D) zaibatsu.
E) modan boyu.
Q4) After World War I,
A) Yemen was the dominant state on the Arabian peninsula.
B) Ibn Saud established the kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
C) Standard Oil found oil at Tehran.
D) Aramco created an American monopoly of Turkish oil extraction in 1937.
E) the British tried to create a exclusively Jewish state in Palestine.
Q5) Lázaro Cárdenas,land reform and PEMEX
Q6) Mei-ling Soong and the New Life Movement
Page 30
Q7) Could Gandhi's non-violence and civil disobedience have succeeded against Hitler's Germany or Stalin's Soviet Union? If so,how? If not,why not?
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Chapter 25: The Crisis Deepens: World War II
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Q1) Hitler wrote Mein Kampf
A) during World War I.
B) before the Beer Hall Putsch of 1923.
C) while in jail after the failed Beer Hall Putsch.
D) during the early years of the Great Depression.
E) after becoming Chancellor in 1933.
Q2) At the meeting of the Big Three at Tehran
A) it was agreed to use the atomic bomb against Japan.
B) Churchill strongly advocated an American-only invasion of France.
C) the Allies decided to partition postwar Germany.
D) Roosevelt and Churchill agreed to let Stalin take control of Eastern Europe.
E) the Soviet Union agreed to declare war against fascist Spain.
Q3) To whip up popular support for his totalitarian regime,Hitler organized gigantic mass rallies in the 1930's in the city of A) Berlin.
B) Nuremberg.
C) Cologne.
D) Vienna.
E) Munich.
Q4) Austrian annexation
Page 31
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Chapter 26: East and West in the Grip of the Cold War
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Q1) détente
Q2) Berlin Blockade and the Berlin Airlift
Q3) ABM Treaty/SALT I
Q4) Why were the United States and the Soviet Union suspicious of each other after World War II,and what events between 1945 and 1949 heightened the tensions between the two nations? What events led to the era of coexistence in the 1960s,and to what degree did each side contribute to the reduction in international tensions?
Q5) Lyndon Johnson and the Vietnam War
Q6) What foreign policy strategy did George Kennan advocate in a 1947 Foreign Affairs article?
A) passive aggression
B) synergetic harmonization
C) containment
D) empiricism
E) isolationism
Q7) How did the relationship between China and the Soviet Union evolve after 1948? What disagreements brought about an end to the Sino-Soviet alliance in 1961? Which factors appear to have been most important? How did a renewed U.S.-Sino relationship shape history after the mid-1970s?
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Chapter 27: Brave New World: Communism on Trial
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Q1) Pravda
Q2) As a result of the excesses of the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution's Red Guards,all of the following occurred except
A) the "Gang of Four" were arrested and put on trial.
B) the radicals lost power.
C) Deng Xiaoping attained preeminent authority.
D) Mao and all his deeds disappeared from Chinese history books.
E) the "Four Modernizations" were instituted.
Q3) The initial program of land collectivization in Communist China was
A) modeled after that created in India after 1947.
B) instituted before the first Five-Year industrial plan was begun.
C) done in a much less confrontational manner than Stalin had used in the Soviet Union.
D) able to achieve the increases in agricultural output that Mao had expected.
E) a highly successful attempt to increase China's agricultural production.
Q4) Red Guards
Q5) Ai Wei-wei
Q6) Mao Zedong's "New Democracy"
Q7) "Mao Zedong was merely a traditional Chinese emperor." Discuss,pro and con.
Q8) Lech Walesa and Solidarity
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Chapter 28: Europe and the Western Hemisphere since 1945
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119 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) What directions did Eastern European nations take after they became free from Soviet control? Why did they react as they did? How,and why,have Europeans made unprecedented attempts to achieve greater unity,after centuries of division,since 1945? How successful have their efforts been? Is there ever likely to be a "United States of Europe"? What factors would tend to make this a likely possibility? What would tend to make it unlikely?
Q2) What internal and external forces shaped the story of self-government in the two Germanys,and then the reunification of Germany? What problems did they face,both before and after reunification? Did German leaders shape events or just "read and ride them well"? How and why?
Q3) Thatcherism
A) increased the benefits of the welfare state.
B) restricted union power.
C) increased the power of the labor unions.
D) resulted in high unemployment in southern England.
E) ended capitalism in Britain.
Q4) fundamentalism
Q5) "the permissive society"
Q6) women's liberation movement
Q7) Margaret Thatcher,the "Iron Lady," and Thatcherism Page 34
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Chapter 29: Challenges of Nation Building in Africa and the Middle East
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Sample Questions
Q1) The Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO)
A) was founded at a meeting of Arab radicals in Dearborn, Michigan, in 1983.
B) renounced Pan-Arabism in favor of a more limited, territorial nationalism ultimately designed to unite Lebanon, Syria, Jordan, and Israel in a Greater Palestine.
C) was an arm of the African National Congress from the early 1960s until 1981.
D) was established, originally under Egyptian auspices, to represent Palestinian interests. E) it was eagerly embraced by most Israeli governments as the lesser of two evils.
Q2) Muslim Brotherhood
Q3) Kwame Nkrumah and the Convention People's Party
Q4) What role did nationalist movements play in the transition to independence in Africa,and how did such movements differ from their counterparts elsewhere? Would Africans have been better off if they had changed the existing colonial boundaries at the time they attained independence rather than keeping them? What advantages,and disadvantages,could different boundaries have brought to Africans in the 1950s and 1960s,and since?
Q5) Naguib Mahfouz's Cairo Trilogy
Q6) "neocolonialism"
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Chapter 30: Toward the Pacific Century
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Q1) Sikhs and the Golden Temple in Amritsar
Q2) What factors assisted the rapid development of Korean industry and agriculture since the early 1960s? Were the same factors used in the same way,with the same results,in Taiwan? Show why or why not,citing evidence to support your position.
Q3) Philippines' Ferdinand Marcos,Corazon Aquino,and Joseph Estrada
Q4) Which of the following statements best characterizes the nature of India today?
A) India, unlike China, has rejected its cultural traditions and adopted those of the West.
B) The majority of India's population is part of a large and growing middle class.
C) India's economy is a perfect model of the modern, successful socialist state.
D) India today is a nation of contrasts, with nearly one-third of its population living in poverty.
E) Rural and urban poverty in India is rapidly becoming the norm for the first time in Indian history.
Q5) How has independence affected the role of women in southern and eastern Asia? What factors are involved? How have the nations in the region dealt with the challenge of integrating their ethnic and religious minorities into their political systems?
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