Modern Western Societies Exam Practice Tests
Course Introduction
This course explores the development and characteristics of modern Western societies, tracing their evolution from the Enlightenment period to the present. Students will examine the social, political, and economic transformations that have shaped Western cultures, including industrialization, urbanization, the rise of democracy, and the impact of globalization. Key themes include class structure, cultural identity, secularization, gender relations, and the challenges posed by technological change and multiculturalism. Through comparative analysis, students will gain a deeper understanding of the values, institutions, and tensions that define contemporary Western societies.
Recommended Textbook
Western Civilization Volume II Since 1500 8th Edition by Jackson J. Spielvogel
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18 Chapters
2211 Verified Questions
2211 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: Reformation and Religious Warfare in the
Sixteenth Century
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122 Verified Questions
122 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Victory over the Spanish Armada at the end of the sixteenth century was achieved by A) France.
B) the Holy Roman Empire.
C) England.
D) the Ottoman Empire.
E) the Netherlands.
Answer: C
Q2) Philip II of Spain was ultimately unable to defeat A) France.
B) the Dutch Republic.
C) the Holy Roman Empire
D) the Ottoman Empire.
E) Portugal.
Answer: B
Q3) The concept of a "priesthood of all believers" is associated with the religious reformer, Ignatius Loyola.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Page 3
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1500-1800
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122 Verified Questions
122 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) In Japan, Tokugawa Ieyasu
A) expelled all missionaries.
B) invited Protestant missionaries to visit.
C) executed all missionaries.
D) converted to Catholicism.
E) invited French Catholic missionaries to stay.
Answer: A
Q2) The Pole Star as a navigational device was useless
A) in the Western Hemisphere.
B) north of the equator.
C) south of the equator.
D) in the north Pacific Ocean.
E) in North America.
Answer: C
Q3) The Inca Empire was the great Mesoamerican state when the Spanish arrived in the early sixteenth century.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Page 4
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Chapter 3: State Building and the Search for Order in the
Seventeenth Century
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122 Verified Questions
122 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The "Glorious Revolution" in 1688 in England was significant for
A) restoring Charles II and the Stuart dynasty to power.
B) bloodlessly deposing James II in favor of William of Orange.
C) returning England to a Catholic commonwealth.
D) Parliament's establishment of a new monarch through a series of bloody wars.
E) the abolishment of the monarchy in favor of a republican "commonwealth."
Answer: B
Q2) Following the Thirty Years' War, what country became dominant in Europe?
A) Sweden
B) England
C) Germany
D) Spain
E) France
Answer: E
Q3) Gustavus Adolphus, king of Sweden, developed the first standing army of conscripts, an army notable for its flexible tactics.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Page 5
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121 Verified Questions
121 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The general conception of the universe before Copernicus was that
A) it was orderly with heaven at the center and the earth circling around it.
B) the earth was the stationary center and heavenly spheres orbited it.
C) the earth rested on the shell of a giant tortoise.
D) it could not be revealed according to God's will.
E) the world was flat.
Q2) What was "new" and what was not new about the seventeenth century's "New Heaven and a New Earth"? Be specific and give examples.
Q3) Benedict de Spinoza's pantheism
Q4) Maria Winkelmann
Q5) Blaise Pascal
Q6) Journal des Savants
Q7) Tycho Brahe agreed with Copernicus that the earth does indeed move.
A)True
B)False
Q8) Robert Boyle
Q9) alchemy and hermetic magic
Q10) Isaac Newton devoted himself to the occult and to alchemy in particular. Page 6
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Page 7
Chapter 5: The Eighteenth Century: an Age of Enlightenment
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121 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) the salon and the coffeehouse
Q2) In The Spirit of the Laws, Montesquieu argued that the best political system in a modern society is one where
A) the legislature exercises absolute and unlimited power.
B) the king exercises absolute and unlimited power.
C) power is divided between the three branches of government.
D) the nobility is uninvolved.
E) all government resources are focused on military power.
Q3) The English writer who argued in A Serious Proposal to the Ladies that women should become better educated was
A) Anne Stuart.
B) Mary Astell.
C) Mary Wollstonecraft.
D) Jane Austin.
E) Maria Cavendish.
Q4) Samuel Richardson's Pamela
Q5) What were the major ideas of Jean-Jacques Rousseau? In what ways were Rousseau's ideas unique, differing from those of his predecessors?
Q6) pietism and the Moravian Brethren
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Chapter 6: The Eighteenth Century: European States, International Wars, and Social Change
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122 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which one of the following non-native, imported products allowed Irish peasants to survive on the small plots of land left to them by English landlords?
A) fish.
B) tomatoes.
C) wheat.
D) rice.
E) potatoes.
Q2) Under Frederick II "the Great" of Prussia, the most important offices in the government usually went to
A) high-ranking Lutheran churchmen.
B) members of the nobility.
C) university-educated bureaucrats.
D) French philosophes.
E) commoners who showed outstanding ability.
Q3) William Pitt the Elder
Q4) the Hanoverians/the Georges
Q5) Did the meaning of "family" significantly transform during the eighteenth century?
Q6) scurvy and yellow fever
Page 9
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Chapter 7: A Revolution in Politics: the Era of the French
Revolution and Napoleon
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122 Verified Questions
122 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) During the Reign of Terror, the majority of the victims were A) nobles.
B) clergy.
C) middle class.
D) peasant and laboring classes.
E) the bourgeoisie.
Q2) Elba and Saint Helena
Q3) Napoleon said that perhaps the world would have been better off if neither he nor Rousseau had ever lived.What did he mean?
Q4) Committee of Public Safety
Q5) In regard to the Catholic Church, the National Assembly
A) left the institution alone.
B) increased its power slightly in France.
C) passed legislation that secularized church offices and clergymen.
D) abolished the faith in France.
E) recognized the Catholic Church as France's only legal religion.
Q6) the Vendee
Q7) Third Estate
Q8) escape to Varennes
Page 10
Q9) Olympe de Gouges
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Page 11
Chapter 8: The Industrial Revolution and Its Impact on European Society
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120 Verified Questions
120 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) cotton industry
Q2) the Amalgamated Society of Engineers
Q3) By 1870, most of the world had begun to industrialize according to the models established in western Europe and the United States.
A)True
B)False
Q4) cholera
Q5) James Watt and the rotary engine
Q6) Who wrote Life on the Mississippi?
A) Walt Whitman.
B) Edgar Allen Poe.
C) Meriwether Lewis.
D) Mark Twain.
E) Tom Sawyer.
Q7) Discuss and trace the role of the factory in the early Industrial Revolution.What made the factory system possible? What impact did it have on the lives of workers, especially on women and children?
Q8) Britain's Poor Law Commission
Q9) Chartism and the People's Charter Page 12
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Chapter 9: Reaction, Revolution, and Romanticism,
1815-1850
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121 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Caspar David Friedrich, J.M.W.Turner and Eugene Delacroix
Q2) The Reform Bill of 1832 in Britain primarily benefited the A) landed aristocracy.
B) peasants.
C) working class.
D) clergy.
E) upper middle-class.
Q3) Edmund Burke and conservatism
Q4) France's July Revolution of 1830
Q5) The most important form of literary expression for the romantics was A) the essay.
B) poetry.
C) the novel.
D) the play.
E) the monograph.
Q6) London Mechanics' Institute
Q7) Burschenschaften
Q8) Congress of Vienna
Q9) Germanic Confederation Page 14
Q10) Concert of Europe
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Page 15
Chapter 10: An Age of Nationalism and Realism, 1850-1871
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121 Verified Questions
121 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Giuseppe Garibaldi and the Red Shirts
Q2) Gustave Courbet's The Stonebreakers
Q3) Baron Haussmann and Paris
Q4) North German Confederation
Q5) Dardanelles and Sevastopol
Q6) Zollverein
Q7) The Crimean War was caused primarily by the Ottoman Empire's attempt to destroy the Christian holy places in Jerusalem and Palestine.
A)True
B)False
Q8) What were Marx's enduring insights?
Q9) Like most of the other nations of Europe, Britain experienced a violent revolution in 1848, a revolution that resulted in the urban working classes taking control of Parliament in the elections of 1849.
A)True
B)False
Q10) Richard Wagner and Gesamtkunstwerk
Q11) Franco-Prussian War
Q12) Count Camillo di Cavour Page 16
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Page 17
Chapter 11: Mass Society in an Age of Progress, 1871-1894
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120 Verified Questions
120 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The "father" of tourism in England was
A) David Lloyd-George.
B) Thomas Cook.
C) John Boothe.
D) Frederick Cartwright.
E) W.G.Grace.
Q2) The English Reform Act of 1884
A) enfranchised women.
B) gave English agricultural workers the right to vote.
C) did not dramatically increase the size of the electorate.
D) increased the total number of members in the House of Commons.
E) increased middle-class representative in Parliament.
Q3) Graham Bell
Q4) Spanish-American War
Q5) Between 1871 and 1894, two major domestic political issues involved the achievement of liberal practices and the growth of political democracy.To what extent were these realized in Great Britain, France, Spain, and Italy?
Q6) May Day
Q7) Wilhelm Liebknecht and August Bebel
Page 18
Q8) Social Democratic Party
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Chapter 12: An Age of Modernity, Anxiety, and Imperialism, 1894-1914
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Sample Questions
Q1) "white man's burden"
Q2) By the early twentieth century, was the Ottoman Empire still a major force in Western Civilization?
Q3) The event which exemplified renewed anti-Semitism in France in the late nineteenth century was the
A) Boulanger coup.
B) Sorel uprising.
C) Dreyfus affair.
D) Zola capitulation.
E) the fall of the Third Republic.
Q4) In Foundations of the Nineteenth Century (1899), Houston Stewart Chamberlain predicted that Germany was destined to
A) lead the world in high-tech manufacturing.
B) lead the Aryan race to the conquest of Europe.
C) be the European leader in music and the arts.
D) generate the next great world religion.
E) failure if they did not accept Jews as the originators of Western civilization.
Q5) Commodore Matthew Perry
Q6) Alfred Dreyfus
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Chapter 13: The Beginning of the Twentieth-Century Crisis:
War and Revolution
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122 Verified Questions
122 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) How many men died at the ten-month Battle of Verdun?
A) 10,000
B) 100,000
C) 500,000
D) 700,000
E) 1 million
Q2) Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
Q3) tanks
Q4) Lawrence of Arabia
Q5) In the Balkans crisis of the summer of 1914, Russia gave diplomatic support to Austria-Hungary in the hope of restraining Germany's William II from ordering an invasion of Russia.
A)True
B)False
Q6) The "blank check" had the effect of
A) assuring Russia a sufficient supply of guns.
B) making the war vastly more expensive than it had to have been.
C) making it impossible for England to enter the war.
D) encouraging Austria to attack Serbia.
Page 20
E) demonstrating Germany's desire for peace.
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Page 21
Chapter 14: The Futile Search for Stability: Europe Between
the Wars, 1919-1939
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131 Verified Questions
131 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The only eastern European nation to maintain political democracy throughout the 1930s was
A) Bulgaria.
B) Yugoslavia.
C) Poland.
D) Hungary.
E) Czechoslovakia.
Q2) Ataturk and Mohandas Gandhi
Q3) Mein Kampf
A) depicted Hitler's plan to take power through a massive rebellion.
B) was autobiographical, setting forth Hitler's ideology of Aryan supremacy and anti-Semitism.
C) excluded any trace of Hitler's anti-Semitism.
D) was immediately seen by German politicians as the dangerous work of a madman.
E) immediately became a best-seller throughout Europe including the Soviet Union.
Q4) collective farms
Q5) Weimar Republic
Q6) "war communism"
Q7) Lebensraum
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Chapter 15: The Deepening of the European Crisis: World War
Ii
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127 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) One advantage that the Nazis had in the Battle of Britain was their radar system, which gave them early warning of British attacks on Germany.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Blitzkrieg
Q3) Rhineland
Q4) The turning point of the North African campaign came
A) at El Alamein where the British stopped Rommel in the summer of 1942.
B) when South African troops crossed the Sahara and overwhelmed Rommel.
C) with the revolt of the Vichy French in North Africa.
D) when the Italians joined the Allied cause in 1942.
E) when Cairo and the Suez Canal were recaptured by the British and the Americans.
Q5) Discuss the major steps taken by Hitler from 1933 to 1939 that ultimately led to war.Could Hitler have been prevented from plunging Europe into war? When and how?
Q6) Big Three
Q7) Munich Conference
Q8) "phony war"
Q9) "displaced persons"
Page 23
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Page 24
Chapter 16: Cold War and a New Western World, 1945-1965
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Sample Questions
Q1) What explains the long duration of the Cold War?
Q2) The one issue on which the Arab states were united was
A) the Suez Canal.
B) equal sharing in oil revenues.
C) Palestine.
D) a sympathy for Communism.
E) the worship of Allah.
Q3) Martin Luther King and "white backlash"
Q4) The Middle Eastern political leader who promoted Pan-Arabism and who advocated a sharing of Middle Eastern oil wealth equally among the Arab states was
A) Yasir Arafat.
B) Saddam Hussein.
C) Anwar al-Sadat.
D) the Shah of Iran.
E) Gamal Abdul Nasser.
Q5) Was the Cold War substantially different in Asia than in Europe?
Q6) Nikita Khrushchev
Q7) Truman Doctrine
Q8) Warsaw Pact
Q9) Konrad Adenauer
Page 25
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Chapter 17: Protest and Stagnation: the Western World, 1965-1985
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Sample Questions
Q1) Mao Zedong and the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution
Q2) The Soviet Union under Leonid Brezhnev
A) was completely shut off from Western influences.
B) stressed worker incentives and increased efficiency in industrial production.
C) saw heavy industry decline with improvement in agriculture.
D) threatened to go to war against the People's Republic of China.
E) was relatively stable, although it threatened Soviet intervention when socialism was threatened in eastern European nations.
Q3) "mass sports", football/soccer and the World Cup
Q4) Green parties
Q5) Grace Hopper and COBOL
Q6) Helsinki Agreements, 1975
Q7) Milan Kundera's The Unbearable Lightness of Being
Q8) "equivalence"
Q9) The economic problems of the United States in the 1970s have been labeled A) inflation.
B) deflation.
C) stagflation.
D) hyperism. Page 27
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Chapter 18: After the Fall: the Western World in a Global Age
Since 1985
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129 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) The Yugoslavian president ousted from power in 2000 and who was subsequently put on trial for war crimes against humanity was
A) Vojislav Kostunica.
B) Nicolae Ceausescu.
C) Wladyslaw Gomulka.
D) Todor Zhivkov.
E) Slobodan Milosevic.
Q2) perestroika and glasnost
Q3) A continuing problem roiling Canadian politics for the past several decades has been
A) whether to always give support to United States foreign policy.
B) the demand by many French-speaking Canadians that the province of Quebec become independent of the rest of Canada.
C) the desire by many Canadians that Canada become a republic and several all ties with the British monarchy.
D) whether to nationalize Canada's sizeable oil and gas reserves.
E) whether to change from a parliamentary system of government and adopt instead the US presidential model.
Q4) Czech Republic and Slovakia
Page 29
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