Modern European History Review
Questions
Course Introduction
This course covers the major political, social, economic, and cultural developments in Europe from the late eighteenth century to the present. Students will examine key events such as the French Revolution, the rise and fall of empires, the World Wars, the Cold War, European integration, and contemporary challenges. Through analysis of primary sources, historical texts, and scholarly debates, students will gain a deeper understanding of how Europe has shaped and been shaped by global forces, and how its complex past continues to influence the modern world.
Recommended Textbook
Western Civilization A Brief History 11th Edition by Marvin Perry
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Page 2
Chapter 1: The Ancient Near East: the First Civilizations
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Sample Questions
Q1) The term mythopoeic relates best to
A) the recording of myth in poetic form.
B) a myth-making view of the world.
C) the collection of ancient myths.
D) an early appeal to reason to explain nature.
E) a monotheistic religion.
Answer: B
Q2) In the Mesopotamian civilization the temple administration functioned in each of the following ways except
A) collecting rents.
B) providing employment for most of the city workers.
C) providing an armory where weapons could be stored.
D) employing scribes that kept city records.
E) operating businesses.
Answer: C
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Chapter 2: The Hebrews: a New View of God and the Individual
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following pairs do not consist of related terms?
A) Tanak and New Testament
B) Leviticus and Torah
C) Torah and Pentateuch
D) Exodus and Egypt
E) Hebrews and monotheism
Answer: A
Q2) Which of the following statements does NOT accurately portray Hebrew beliefs and attitudes toward the use of images?
A) Humans are created in God's own image.
B) Images are used to represent Gods of other cultures.
C) Only prophets have the power to depict an image of the Supreme Being.
D) Images cannot portray or symbolize ethics.
E) Worshipping images of kings or generals is associated with false Gods.
Answer: C
Q3) Israel
Answer: Answer not provided.
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Page 4
Chapter 3: The Greeks: From Myth to Reason
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Sample Questions
Q1) The Iliad was set during
A) the Trojan War
B) the Persian War
C) Alexander the Great's Reign
D) trial of Socrates
E) Fall of Athens
Answer: A
Q2) The Greek term aret means
A) a theory of the absolutist state.
B) the notion that laws had divine sanction.
C) the recognition that political power and morality could be separated.
D) excellence.
E) wicked arrogance.
Answer: D
Q3) On the map of the Hellenistic World,transform Alexander's Empire into modern day states,areas,and nations.Please shade and identify.
Answer: The modern-day states, areas, and nations that were once part of Alexander's Empire include Greece, Turkey, Egypt, Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan, and parts of India. I will shade and identify these areas on the map accordingly.
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Chapter
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Sample Questions
Q1) The Roman constitution
A) evolved slowly and was never written down.
B) was created by Cicero.
C) was written down when the Tribal Assembly was created.
D) was copied from the Athenian constitution.
E) derived from abstract thought.
Q2) Augustus
Q3) The Roman Empire was said to have ended when
A) Diocletian died.
B) Odoacer was assassinated.
C) Romulus was placed on the throne.
D) German officers placed a German on the throne.
E) Attila the Hun invaded Rome.
Q4) Discuss the establishment of the Roman Empire,evaluating whether each of the following was particularly significant: personality,military strength,or the principle of legitimacy.How would you explain the source of sovereignty during that period?
Q5) The author argues that the Romans greatest gift to Western Civilization was in the area of law. Explain what advancements the Romans made in the rule of law.
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Chapter 5: Early Christianity: a World Religion
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Q1) The early Christian view of women was rooted in the patriarchal tradition of ____ society.
A) Roman
B) Jewish
C) Greek
D) German
E) Syrian
Q2) The creation of Christian monasticism is most associated with
A) Saint Benedict
B) Saint Ambrose
C) Saint Augustine
D) Saint Jerome
E) Saint Peter
Q3) The New Testament includes each of the following except
A) twenty-one Epistles.
B) the Gospel written by Saint John.
C) The City of God.
D) the Acts of the Apostles.
E) the synoptic gospels.
Q4) Dead Sea Scrolls
Page 7
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Chapter 6: The Rise of Europe: Fusion of
Classical,christian,and Germanic
Traditions
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Q1) Pope Urban II
Q2) Peter the Hermit
Q3) Which of the following women was inspired by the Roman poet Terrence to write six dramas the first since Roman times?
A) Hroswitha
B) Eleanor
C) Joan
D) Isabel
E) Sempronia
Q4) The Treaty of ____ marked the beginning of Germany.
A) Tours
B) Verdun
C) Strasburg
D) Wuerzburg
E) Worms
Q5) Discuss the life of a serf and his family under the feudal-manorial system?
Q6) excommunication
Q7) Waldensians
Q8) Concordat of Worms Page 8
Q9) Hugh Capet
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Page 9
Chapter 7: The Flowering and Dissolution of Medieval
Civilization
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Sample Questions
Q1) All of the following are true of how the concept courtly love required knights to demonstrate their worthiness except
A) recitation of poetry
B) bravery
C) patience
D) bathe often
E) marriage
Q2) All of the following are accurate descriptions of the Great Schism except
A) the schism ended in 1417 with the election of a new pope
B) the Council of Pisa attempted to resolve the schism but failed
C) Pope Urban VI excommunicated Clement VII who excommunicated Urban VI
D) at one point Christendom had three popes
E) throughout the struggle the cardinals were unified behind Urban VI
Q3) Great Schism
Q4) Which two medieval thinkers studied the refraction of light and optics
A) Thomas Aquinas and Albert Magnus
B) Roger Bacon and Robert Grosseteste
C) Adelard of Bath and Albert Magnus
D) Heloise and Peter Abelard
E) Robert Grosseteste and Thomas Aquinas
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Chapter 8: Transition to the Modern Age: Renaissance and Reformation
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Sample Questions
Q1) How did Luther's teaching help create the Peasant's Revolt? Why did Luther refuse to lead the revolt?
Q2) Compare the worldview of Humanism and Christian Humanism. How did the two differ when it came to their relationship with the Catholic Church?
Q3) Elizabeth I
Q4) Henry VIII of England
Q5) How was the Italian city-state of the Late Middle Ages fundamentally different from other European states?
Q6) How can you justify referring to some sixteenth century religious developments as a Radical Reformation?
Q7) Edict of Nantes
Q8) Address to the Christian Nobility of the German Nation
Q9) Calvin's theology of predestination spread to all the following areas in Europe except A) France.
B) England.
C) the Netherlands.
D) parts of the Holy Roman Empire.
E) Italy.
Page 11
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Chapter 9: Political and Economic Transformation: National
States, overseas Expansion, commercial Revolution
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Sample Questions
Q1) An insight into the degree of Charles V's power can be seen in the fact that he
A) ruled Spain, the Netherlands, and Austria.
B) never became Holy Roman Emperor.
C) strongly supported the Protestant cause.
D) witnessed the nadir of Hapsburg power.
E) was defeated by England.
Q2) Which of the following is the term used for the Jews that converted to Christianity under the threat of death?
A) Conversos
B) Traitors
C) Inquisitors
D) Backsliders
E) Hidalgos
Q3) Which of the following sparked the Thirty Years' War?
A) When the Netherlands turned Protestant
B) When the French invaded Bohemia
C) When the Hapsburg monarchy seized the Bohemian throne
D) When the Bohemians tried to put a Protestant king on their throne
E) When England declared war against Spain
Q4) Discuss the English Revolution from 1640 to 1688.
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Chapter 10: Intellectual Transformation: the Scientific
Revolution and the Age of Enlightenment
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Q1) Which political thinker would generally support a benevolent dictator?
A) Rousseau
B) Hobbes
C) Locke
D) Montesquieu
E) Thomas Paine
Q2) Which thinker wrote Candide
A) Rousseau
B) Locke
C) Diderot
D) Voltaire
E) Hobbes
Q3) Which of the following discovered the three basic laws of planetary motion?
A) Copernicus
B) Kepler
C) Brahe
D) Galileo
E) Newton
Q4) William Harvey
Q5) "I think,therefore I am."
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Chapter 11: The Era of the French Revolution: Affirmation of Liberty and Equality
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Sample Questions
Q1) During the revolutionary era,France was at war with all of the following except
A) Britain
B) Prussia
C) Austria
D) Russia
E) Italy
Q2) Grand Duchy of Warsaw
Q3) Analyze the slogan "Liberty,Equality,Fraternity." To what extent was the slogan a good indicator of the realities of the French Revolution?
Q4) Which of the following was a major military disaster for Napoleon?
A) Siege of Orleans
B) Siege of Toulon
C) Both Waterloo and Jena
D) Waterloo
E) Jena
Q5) National Assembly
Q6) émigrés
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Q7) On a blank map of Europe,trace the borders of France in 1793 as well as the extent of the French territory at the height of Napoleon's military actions.
Chapter 12: The Industrial Revolution: the Transformation of Society
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Q1) What were the changes in social structure initiated by the Industrial Revolution? How did this affect the power structure of European states in the nineteenth century?
Q2) The Combination Acts (1799 1800)
Q3) artisans
Q4) Fourier
Q5) Which of the following does NOT describe why the artisans of the industrial revolutionary era were the most successful of the laboring classes?
A) Their skills were difficult to learn.
B) Early machines were unable to duplicate their work.
C) In most cases they were educated and literate.
D) Guilds and unions provided them with political protection.
E) Socially they came from a stable background.
Q6) Utopian scientists
Q7) The early efforts of workers to unionize resulted in
A) public support.
B) acceptance by factories rather than face strikes
C) workers turned to militant union actions.
Page 16
D) laws protecting mine workers.
E) the downfall of laissez faire mentality.
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Chapter 13: Thought and Culture in the Early Nineteenth Century
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Q1) Freud
Q2) Lord Byron
Q3) nationalism
Q4) Which of the following may not be associated with Kant?
A) One cannot actually know ultimate reality.
B) Objects conform to the human mind because the mind creates order within nature.
C) The mind is a tabula rasa.
D) The mind has its own inherent logic.
E) The mind imposes structure and order on our sense experiences.
Q5) Of the following,____ chose to utilize Hegel's idea that there is system behind the movement of history.
A) Hume
B) Kant
C) de Bonald
D) Freud
E) Marx
Q6) Hume
Q7) E.J.Hobsbawm
Q8) William Wordsworth Page 17
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Chapter 14: Surge of Liberalism and Nationalism:
Revolution, counterrevolution, and Unification
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Q1) Factors that relate to the German revolution of 1848 include each of the following except
A) hostility against absolute princes.
B) the impact of a depression in the 1840s.
C) the strong Marxian influence among German workers.
D) reform-minded middle-class liberals.
E) the successful revolt against Louis Philippe.
Q2) The Magyars are best associated with which country?
A) Germany
B) Hungary
C) Austria
D) Romania
E) Italy
Q3) How does the Hungarian revolution of 1848 illustrate both the great-mindedness and the small-mindedness of the champions of nationalism?
Q4) Giuseppe Garibaldi
Q5) Settlement of 1867
Q6) Victor Emmanuel
Q7) Risorgimento
Q8) Why did liberalism decline and militarism rise in Germany between 1848 and 1870? Page 19
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Page 20
Chapter 15: Thought and Culture in the Mid-Nineteenth
Century: Realism, positivism, darwinism, and Social
Criticism
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Sample Questions
Q1) How would opponents to women's rights react to the illustration in the text,Poster
Published by the Artists' Suffrage League?
A) Married life is a woman's profession.
B) Concerned that family life would be jeopardized.
C) Women have little power to reason.
D) Women are unable to calculate consequences.
E) All of these statements were part of the opponents to woman's rights.
Q2) Realist writers and artists
A) focused on common people, laborers, and the downtrodden.
B) sought to minimize the emotions of their subjects.
C) focused on the natural world rather than on people.
D) valued emotional involvement with the subjects of their work.
E) focused on the bourgeoisie.
Q3) John Stuart Mill
Q4) Trace the sources of Darwin's major concepts.Why were his ideas considered potentially injurious to the religious establishment?
Q5) realism
Q6) Albert J.Beveridge
Page 21
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Chapter 16: Europe in the Late Nineteenth Century:
Modernization, nationalism, imperialism
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Sample Questions
Q1) China was forced to open its ports to trade with the West as a result of the A) Taiping Rebellion.
B) Lotus Rebellion.
C) Boxer Rebellion.
D) Opium War.
E) Sepoy Rebellion.
Q2) Volkish thought was most popular with A) the Germany middle class.
B) urban workers throughout Europe.
C) Jewish intellectuals who viewed it as a vehicle toward citizenship.
D) Germany peasants that distrusted the industrial city.
E) Russia serfs that used it as justification for reform.
Q3) Opium War
Q4) Explain what is meant by the Second Industrial Revolution.To what degree was it involved with technological and scientific developments?
Q5) What is meant by Volkish thought and how did it influence pre World War I Germany?
Q6) Kulturkampf
Q7) Benjamin Disraeli
Q8) Reform Bill of 1867 Page 23
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Chapter 17: Modern Consciousness: New Views of Nature, human
Nature, and the Arts
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Q1) Freud viewed unrestrained sexuality as a problem because it
A) rejected Christian morality and marriage.
B) led to abuse of women.
C) sapped a society's warrior virtues.
D) sapped psychic energy needed for all sorts of work that held society together and enriched it.
E) created excessive pleasure for the individual.
Q2) Modern artists would agree with each of the following except
A) the audience must be participants in the spirit of artistic creation.
B) there was more to be found in artistic creations than had been discovered by the old masters.
C) one should scatter complacent views of the traditions of western cultural forms.
D) there is no objective reality of space, motion, and time that has the same meaning to all observers.
E) reason must be the primary force in structuring a work of art and its message.
Q3) Max Weber
Q4) Nihilism
Q5) Emile Durkheim
Page 25
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Chapter 18: World War I: the West in Despair
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Q1) Contrast the foreign policy goals of Bismarck after 1870 with those of Kaiser Wilhelm II.
Q2) Each of the following is correct except
A) American security could be jeopardized by German domination of Western Europe.
B) the United States was the principal supplier for Britain during the war.
C) Woodrow Wilson believed that the United States must enter the war.
D) unrestricted submarine warfare prompted the American entrance into the war.
E) Americans had little concern for a loss of prestige if the United States didn't enter the war in 1917.
Q3) Explain the reasons that impelled the United States to enter the war.Explain why the United States waited so long to enter the conflict.
Q4) Trench Warfare
Q5) All of the following were key elements of the Treaty of Versailles except A) France regained Alsace and Lorraine.
B) Allied troops would occupy the Rhineland for 15 years.
C) the creation of the League of Nations.
D) reparations had to be completely paid by 1935.
E) The German navy and air force limited.
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Chapter 19: An Era of Totalitarianism
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Q1) In reaction to the policy of War Communism,the Communist Party adopted a New Economic Policy (NEP)which included all of the following EXCEPT
A) the government controlled banking and finance.
B) peasants were allowed to sell their goods in an open market.
C) capitalism in any form was forbidden.
D) transportation remained under the control of the government.
E) gave part of their crop to the government.
Q2) socialist realism
Q3) When Francisco Franco revolted against the Spanish republic,he received the support of
A) the army.
B) the church.
C) monarchists.
D) landlords.
E) All of these gave Franco total support.
Q4) Leader State
Q5) Kristallnacht
Q6) Pablo Picasso
Q7) Francisco Franco
Q8) Bolshevik
Page 27
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Chapter 20: World War II: Western Civilization in the Balance
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Q1) Although it appeared that America suffered total defeat at Pearl Harbor,the Japanese failed to destroy the ____ which were later able to make combat against Japan only five months later at Midway.
A) runways at Hickam field.
B) America's main battleships
C) marine corps stationed on the island
D) aircraft carriers
E) submarines
Q2) All of the following tries to explain why the Western democracies did not react to Hitler EXCEPT
A) nations and their peoples could not believe that another World War could happen.
B) sympathy for Germany and the harsh treatment of the Treaty of Versailles.
C) there was a greater fear of communism than fascism.
D) economic concerns were priorities in many nations, resulting from the Great Depression.
E) nations feared that punishing Germany would drive it to ally with Japan and Russia.
Q3) Hiroshima-Nagasaki
Q4) Danzig
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Chapter 21: Europe After World War II: Recovery and Realignment, 1945-1989
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Q1) Who of the following contributed most to the lessening of tensions with East Germany?
A) Konrad Adenauer
B) Ludwig Erhard
C) Willy Brandt
D) Wilhelm Pieck
E) Helmut Kohl
Q2) Why is 1989 called the "year of liberation"?
Q3) On a blank map of Europe,trace the borders of the countries of Europe immediately following World War II clearly showing the boundaries between the East and new Soviet block
Q4) General Charles de Gaulle may be associated with each of the following except
A) leading the free French forces in World War II.
B) pursuing friendly policies with African states.
C) establishing a government with a strong executive authority.
D) attempting to revise the constitution to his liking.
E) insisting that France be admitted to NATO.
Q5) What are some of anxieties felt in prosperous West European societies about the increasing power and reach of the European Union and about loss of identity in general?
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Chapter 22: The Troubled Present
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Q1) The German leader that helped to stabilize Germany after 2005 was __________.
A) Helmut Kohl
B) Nicolas Sarkozy
C) Angela Merkel
D) Gerhard Schroder
E) Boris Yeltsin
Q2) Commonwealth of Independent States
Q3) After unification,East Germans encountered all of the following problems and concerns EXCEPT
A) East German was required to apply for German citizenship after unification.
B) Most East Germans have had little experience with democracy.
C) Capitalism is confusing to many East Germans.
D) East Germans are more unemployed because of the closing of factories in the Eastern sector.
E) East Germans are more likely to react against immigrants who they consider to be outsiders.
Q4) Boris Yeltsin
Q5) Al Qaeda
Q6) Tony Blair
Q7) What are the benefits and negatives of increasing globalization?
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