Mental Health Counseling Practicum
Test Preparation
Course Introduction
The Mental Health Counseling Practicum provides graduate students with supervised, hands-on experience in counseling settings, bridging theoretical knowledge with practical application. Students engage in direct client contact, case conceptualization, ethical decision-making, and documentation, while developing core counseling skills such as assessment, intervention, and multicultural competence. Through regular supervision and reflective practice, students receive constructive feedback and guidance to enhance their professional growth, self-awareness, and readiness for entry-level counseling roles. The practicum emphasizes adherence to professional ethics, evidence-based practices, and recognition of diverse client needs within a supportive learning environment.
Recommended Textbook
Theory and Treatment Planning in Counseling and Psychotherapy 2nd Edition by Diane
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16 Chapters
479 Verified Questions
479 Flashcards
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Page 2
R. Gehart
Chapter 1: Counseling Theory, Competency, Research, and
You: Connecting the Dots
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Sample Questions
Q1) Efficacious treatments meet all of the same criteria as EST's and which of the following additional criteria?
A) Utilize only the unique components of a specific theory.
B) Reflect at least three of the common factors.
C) Prove superior to at least two other studies.
D) Are subjected to two independent investigations.
Answer: D
Q2) EST's meet all of the following criteria EXCEPT:
A) use of no-treatment control, alternative treatment, and placebo treatment groups.
B) a specific population with a specific identified problem.
C) use of reliable and valid outcome measures.
D) treatment based on theoretical orientation vs. use of a written treatment manual.
Answer: D
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3
Chapter 2: Treatment Planning
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Sample Questions
Q1) Where do interventions come from?
A) Intervention come from collaboration between the client and counselor.
B) Interventions come from the third party payer or agency for which the counselor works.
C) Interventions come from the treatment plan.
D) Interventions come directly from the counselor's theory.
Answer: D
Q2) Unlike symptom based goals which do not describe what the counselor will do,working phase clinical goals address the theoretical conceptualization that will directly guide _______________________.
A) the therapist's theoretical perspective
B) client actions
C) symptom reduction
D) the treatment plan
Answer: C
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4
Chapter 3: Psychoanalytic and Psychodynamic Counseling and Psychotherapy
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Sample Questions
Q1) The ability to spontaneously express need and desire while maintaining a clear distinction between self and other is believed to be a result of
A) good enough mothering
B) distant mothering
C) chaotic mothering
D) perfectionist mothering
Answer: A
Q2) Psychoanalytic and psychodynamic approaches in counseling are considered depth psychologies because they explore
A) interpersonal relationships
B) the unconscious mind
C) the blank slate
D) the here and now
Answer: B
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Chapter 4: Jungian Analytic Psychology
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Sample Questions
Q1) Martin expresses feeling conflicted about being a good father,husband and provider and about being angry at his wife.This is best understood by which concept?
A) personality type
B) complexes
C) polarities
D) individuation
Q2) One example of an initial phase counseling task in Jungian analysis might be to ________________________________________.
A) develop a working relationship by creating hierarchy in the relationship
B) develop a working relationship by creating a collaborative educator relationship
C) monitor the working alliance
D) educate client on the use of dreams and symbols
Q3) What strengths does this approach have for working with diverse clients? What are the weaknesses?
Q4) Describe the relationship between the ego and the Self?
Q5) Briefly explain what Myers-Briggs is.
Q6) Regarding Jungian counseling,what is meant by "healer,heal thyself"?
Q7) Describe the role of the counselor in Jungian analytical psychology?
Page 6
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Chapter 5: Adlerian Individual Counseling
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Sample Questions
Q1) Regarding Budi,psychoeducation on wellness and positive psychology so that he can identify key components to maintaining well-being would best be
A) an initial phase task
B) a working phase task
C) a closing phase task
D) avoided due to diversity issues
Q2) Which of the following statements best expresses the long term goal of Adlerian counseling?
A) The goal is for clients to develop the courage to face their insecurities and go to the places they fear most.
B) The goal is for clients to formulate meaningful social connection in order to heal childhood hurts.
C) The goal is for clients to correct basic mistakes so the client does not make mistakes in the future.
D) The goals is for clients to understand their place in the larger social community, which can be considered social interest.
Q3) Explain the role of psychoeducation in Adlerian counseling.
Q4) What is Adler's theory regarding social interest?
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Chapter 6: Person-Centered Counseling and Psychotherapy
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements reflects expressing accurate empathy according to Rogers?
A) "I completely understand how you are feeling."
B) "You are very angry about all that has happened."
C) "If I were you, I would be crying all the time."
D) "It sounds as if this is very frightening for you."
Q2) Which of the following is the overarching goal in person-centered counseling?
A) personality change
B) congruence
C) self- actualization
D) individuation
Q3) Humanistic-existential counseling approaches are sometimes referred to as ___________ approaches because they focus on a client's inner experience.
A) unconscious
B) traditional
C) experiential
D) conscious
Q4) What is self-actualization?
Q6) How does culture affect how one expresses empathy? Page 8
Q5) List and describe 3 interventions utilized in person-centered counseling.
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Page 9
Chapter 7: Existential Counseling and Psychotherapy
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Sample Questions
Q1) The research and evidence base related to the existential approach for counseling indicate the most important quality in counseling is the
A) theoretical orientation
B) interventions
C) instillation of hope
D) counseling relationship
Q2) How do existential counselors view the goals of therapy?
Q3) In existential counseling,the counselor-client relationship involves cultivating the type of presence that characterizes I-Thou connections.The experience of the client is best described in which of the following statements?
A) The client's inherent tendency to strive for positive growth is activated.
B) The client is able to develop awareness and differentiate self from non-self.
C) The client is encouraged to promote social change to reduce forms of oppression.
D) The client feels "seen" and "heard" on a profound level.
Q4) Describe the concept of death anxiety from an existential counseling perspective.
Q5) What do existential counselors believe about the purpose of life?
Q6) Describe the I-Thou relationship.
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Chapter 8: Gestalt Counseling and Psychotherapy
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Sample Questions
Q1) Interventions in Gestalt counseling are designed to encourage clients to make __________ and complete the __________ cycle.
A) excuses/avoidance
B) changes/withdrawal
C) peace/life
D) contact/encounter
Q2) Responsible vs.carefree is an example of a problematic _________________.
A) act
B) polarity
C) opposition
D) counterbalance
Q3) To increase awareness,Gestalt counselors often encourage clients to ________________.
A) modify their language
B) speak to an empty chair
C) stay with difficult feelings
D) write down their dreams
Q4) Why is it important for the counselor to encourage the client to stay with difficult feelings?
Q5) What is the person of the counselor and why is it important?
Page 11
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Chapter 9: Foundational Cognitive-Behavioral Approaches
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Sample Questions
Q1) Cognitive-behavioral counselors frequently use _______________ to spell out goals and expectations and to increase motivation and dedication with clients.
A) standardized assessment tools
B) the client's own words
C) goal forms
D) written contracts
Q2) In reality therapy,counselors analyze behavior to help clients
________________________ ______________________________.
A) understand the source of their problems
B) decrease personal responsibility for all the events in their life
C) look at the way the rest of world, "the real world", looks at the problem
D) take responsibility for the quality of their lives and make choices to improve their situations.
Q3) Explain Beck's concept of distorted cognitions and identify at least one common distortion.
Q4) How does a person's thoughts shape emotional and behavioral responses?
Q5) What is meant by the statement,"cognitive behavioral goals are specific and measurable?
Q6) What is meant by the terms in-vivo and flooding?
Page 12
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Chapter 10: Evidence-Based Cognitive-Behavioral
Approaches: Dialectic Behavior Therapy and
Trauma-Focused Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements best characterizes the nature of individual sessions in DBT?
A) In individual sessions, clients are taught a standard curriculum of psychosocial skills.
B) In individual sessions a relationship is established that validates and nurtures the client while demanding behavioral change.
C) In individual sessions, techniques such as mindfulness are avoided so that the client does not become stuck on emotions rather than behavior.
D) In individual sessions, clients are faced with making behavioral change because the counselor withholds empathy in order to focus on behavior rather than symptoms.
Q2) In addition to individual sessions and group skills training,DBT may utilize all of the following ancillary treatments EXCEPT:
A) psychopharmacology.
B) substance abuse treatment.
C) vocational counseling.
D) surgical intervention.
Q3) In what ways are DBT and TF-CBT similar? In what ways are they different?
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Chapter 11: Systemic Family Counseling and Therapy
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements is TRUE when viewing the family as a system?
A) One single person in the family orchestrates the interactional patterns.
B) One single person can be blamed for family distress.
C) Personal characteristic are independent of the system.
D) All behavior makes sense in context.
Q2) Which of the following is an important part of the process of systemic counseling?
A) Helping clients to understand the mistaken beliefs to them improve their social relatedness.
B) Analyzing and intervening upon observable measurable behaviors.
C) Transforming behavioral practices to use compassionate acceptance of thoughts and feelings to paradoxically promote change.
D) Interrupting and redirecting the interactional sequence.
Q3) Family systems counselors are fundamentally strengths-based.This means focusing on each of the following EXCEPT:
A) viewing the individual as the enemy of the family.
B) advocating against labeling families as dysfunctional.
C) focusing on spiritual beliefs or hobbies to develop interventions.
D) recognizing the family as supportive and protective to individuals.
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14
Chapter 12: Solution-Based Approaches
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Sample Questions
Q1) Describe the miracle question and how it might be useful in a session with a client.
Q2) In solution-based counseling,__________ are viewed as intimately connected with a client's context,but are not considered curative.
A) solutions
B) emotions
C) strengths
D) problems.
Q3) Solution-focused school counseling is based on which one of the five assumptions?
A) Big problems require big solutions.
B) If is works, do more of it.
C) Clients need resources to make changes.
D) Cooperative relationships are necessary for solutions.
Q4) Which of the following is an example of a pre-suppositional question?
A) What are you going to do to resolve this issue?
B) How do you contribute to the problem?
C) What will your life look like when you change problem?
D) What will you be doing differently once we resolve these issues?
Q5) How do solution-focused counselors view problems?
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Chapter 13: Narrative and Collaborative Approaches
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Q1) The role of the counselor in narrative counseling is often described as the ____________.
A) expert
B) coach
C) co-author
D) commiserator
Q2) Which of the following is an example of an externalizing question?
A) If by some miracle you woke up some morning and were not anxious anymore, how, specifically, would your life be different?
B) Have there been times when you have been able to get the best of the anxiety?
C) What are the consequences for your life and relationships of being anxious?
D) What are you most anxious about?
Q3) ___________________ are broad societal stories,sociocultural practices,assumptions,and expectations about how we should live.
A) Dominant voices
B) Dominant choices
C) Dominant discourses
D) Dominant groups
Q4) What is externalizing and how is it used in narrative counseling?
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Chapter 14: Feminist and Multicultural Counseling and Psychotherapy
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is the best example of gender role expectations?
A) Haley feels depressed because she frequently puts the needs of others before her own.
B) Samantha does not want to attend counseling with a male therapist.
C) Alicia feels anxious when flying on an airplane.
D) Maria is working through PTSD after losing her home to hurricane Katrina.
Q2) Feminist counselors who work with women with low self-esteem may focus counseling on self-esteem training which involves
A) discouraging feelings of guilt and resentment
B) encouraging denial of what wants and not making requests on one's own behalf
C) keeping feelings safe inside and expressing feelings rarely to others
D) increasing a client's self-awareness and confidence
Q3) Feminist counselors do not take on male clients.
A)True
B)False
Q4) List and describe 3 interventions used in feminist counseling.
Q5) How do feminist counselors view diagnosis?
Q6) Define and describe the egalitarian relationship.
Q7) How does connection play a role in feminist counseling? Page 17
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Page 18
Chapter 15: Introduction to Theoretical Integration
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Q1) Carlos,a narrative therapist for 9 years,at times integrates practices from other approaches in order to broaden intervention options that may work for his client,but remains essentially narrative in his approach.This is referred to as _______________.
A) common factors
B) assimilative integration
C) systemic treatment selection
D) favorite intervention integration
Q2) Within the systems approach,a distinction is made between ___________ and ______________ which influenced systemic practices into those that lean more toward finding an objective truth and those in which counselor and client coconstruct rules for establishing truth.
A) first-order change; second-order change
B) modernism; post-modernism
C) first-order cybernetics; second-order cybernetics
D) social constructivism; individual constructivism
Q3) Why might a counselor want to use integration?
Q4) Discuss briefly each of the following: constructivism,social-constructivism,structuralism/postconstructuralism.
Q5) Discuss the difference between a theory and a philosophy.
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Chapter 16: Integrative Case Conceptualization
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Q1) How might a clinician excel in case conceptualization and assessment?
Q2) How does a counselor utilize client strengths in the formation of a case conceptualization?
Q3) When a counselor is developing an understanding of the client's presenting concern,the description of the presenting concern should include all of the following EXCEPT:
A) the reason(s) each client states he/she is seeking counseling or has been referred.
B) one definition or description of the problem.
C) any information from the referring agent (teacher, doctor, psychiatrist, etc.) and his/her description of the problem.
D) descriptions of the attempted solutions and the outcome of these attempts.
Q4) When a counselor is trying to determine the client's presenting concern,a common mistake of a new counselor is ____________________________________.
A) focusing on a rigid problem definition
B) getting bogged down in too few definitions of the problem
C) defining the problem from the client's worldview
D) viewing the client from a multicultural perspective
Q5) What purpose do counseling theories serve?
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