Medical Terminology
Midterm Exam
Course Introduction
Medical Terminology is an essential course designed to introduce students to the language of medicine. It covers the foundational structure of medical words by exploring prefixes, suffixes, and root words, enabling students to understand, form, and interpret complex medical terms. The course includes pronunciation, spelling, and usage of terms related to anatomy, physiology, pathology, diagnostic procedures, and treatments. Emphasis is placed on the practical application of terminology in real-world healthcare settings, equipping students to communicate effectively with healthcare professionals and interpret medical records with accuracy and confidence.
Recommended Textbook
Anatomy and Physiology for Health Professions An Interactive Journey 2nd Edition by Bruce J. Colbert
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19 Chapters
1999 Verified Questions
1999 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology: Learning the Language
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102 Verified Questions
102 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The ________ is the prediction of the outcome of a disease. Answer: Prognosis
Q2) The ________ is the prediction of the outcome of a disease.
A)Prognosis
B)Diagnosis
C)Acute determination
D)Syndrome
Answer: A
Q3) ____________ are the combining forms for nose.
Answer: Rhin/o
Q4) Forming a surgical opening in the colon is called ____________.
Answer: Colostomy
Q5) Discuss how using abbreviations can either help or hinder communication among health care professionals.
Answer: Using abbreviations saves space and time; however, if all health care professionals do not interpret the abbreviations in the same way, it can cause confusion.
Q6) ____________ means "fear of."
Answer: Phobia
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Chapter 2: The Human Body: Reading the Map
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Sample Questions
Q1) The supine position ________.
A)Describes the body lying face upward
B)Is also called the anatomical position
C)Describes the body lying face downward
D)Both a and b
Answer: A
Q2) An injury to the abdominopelvic cavity could include injury to ________.
A)The brain
B)The heart
C)Spleen
D)The sternum
Answer: C
Q3) A CT scan can show the true depth of a quarter-sized tumor shown on regular x-ray.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q4) Cyanosis found in the hands and feet would be called peripheral or __________
Answer: Acrocyanosis
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Chapter 3: Biochemistry: the Basic Ingredients of Life
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Sample Questions
Q1) The _____________ scale is used to measure the strength of acids and bases. Answer: PH
Q2) This type of lipid molecule is important in the structure and function of cell membranes ________.
A)Wax
B)Phospholipid
C)Triglyceride
D)Estrogen
Answer: B
Q3) These molecules speed up the rate of biological reactions ________.
A)Proteins
B)Enzymes
C)Antibodies
D)ATP
Answer: B
Q4) Disaccharides are a type of lipid.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Chapter 4: The Cells: the Raw Materials and Building Blocks
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Sample Questions
Q1) When the body performs cellular respiration, food is changed into a form of energy called ________.
A)RNA
B)ADP
C)DNA
D)ATP
Q2) The mitosis phase has four divisions; when do the chromosomes split?
A)Anaphase
B)Metaphase
C)Prophase
D)Telephase
Q3) These are extremely fine hair-like structures on the surface of the cell ________.
A)Cilia
B)Microvilli
C)Flagella
D)Rough endoplasmic reticulum
Q4) Because all substances cannot pass easily through it, cell membranes are known as selectively permeable or _______________________ membranes.
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Chapter 5: Tissues and Systems: the Inside Story
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Sample Questions
Q1) This connective tissue has cells in lacunae in a gel-like matrix ________.
A)Cartilage
B)Areolar
C)Regular
D)Reticular
Q2) Maintaining the proper acid-base balance of the blood is carried out by which body system?
A)Skeletal
B)Respiratory
C)Musculoskeletal
D)Integumentary
Q3) The ______________ tissue is a single layer of plate-like cells.
Q4) What is the first step in wound healing?
A)Regeneration
B)Inflammation
C)Organization
D)Scarring
Q5) Stretchy epithelial tissue is called transitional.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 6: The Skeletal System: the Framework
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Sample Questions
Q1) An articulating end of a bone that is rounded and enlarged is called a(n)
Q2) What type of joint is formed when an oval shaped bone fits into an elliptical cavity?
A)Pivot
B)Gliding
C)Hinge
D)Ellipsoidal
Q3) Fibrous joints are not freely moving.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The hollow region in the bone is the ____________ cavity.
Q5) An individual in an accident who has a bone that is severely twisted may receive a(n)________ fracture.
Q6) The joints of the hips and shoulders are examples of ____________ joints.
A)Pivot
B)Fibrous
C)Ball and socket
D)Saddle
Q7) Very tough, whitish bands that connect from bone to bone are called ________.
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Chapter 7: The Muscular System: Movement for the Journey
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Sample Questions
Q1) The toxin used in Botox to treat wrinkles is ________.
A)Botulinum toxin
B)Clostridium tetani
C)Staph
D)Acetylcholine
Q2) ________ (also known as lock jaw) is a muscle disorder caused by an untreated bacterial infection of a wound.
Q3) ____________ means muscle pain or tenderness.
Q4) A severe muscle strain can cause all of the following symptoms except ________.
A)Complete loss of movement
B)Swelling
C)Severe pain
D)Fever
Q5) Muscles that cause movement in the opposite direction of the prime mover when they contract are called ____________.
Q6) Another name for a voluntary muscle is ________.
A)Striated muscle
B)Cardiac muscle
C)Skeletal muscle
D)Both a and c
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Chapter 8: The Integumentary System: the Protective
Covering
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128 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) The basal layer of the epidermis is known as ________.
Q2) ________ or hives are itchy wheals surrounded by a red inflamed area.
Q3) By the time epidermal cells reach the surface of the epidermis they are filled with
A)Keratin
B)Carotene
C)Lunula
D)Granulosa
Q4) ________ or bilirubin is the substance that gives skin a yellow hue.
Q5) The skin is attached to the muscles of the body by the ____________ layer.
A)Epidermis
B)Dermis
C)Hypodermis
D)Subcutaneous
Q6) What color would you expect to see at a healthy nail bed?
A)Blanche
B)White
C)Pink
D)Tan
Q7) How is hair used in forensics? Page 10
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Chapter 9: The Nervous System Part I: the Information
Super Highway
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Sample Questions
Q1) The ____________ or parasympathetic branch of the nervous system deals with maintenance of homeostasis.
Q2) Loss of motor and sensory control of the trunk of the body and lower extremities as a result of a spinal cord injury describes __________.
A)Peripheral neuropathy
B)Quadriplegia
C)Paraplegia
D)A slipped disk
Q3) There are eight cervical nerves.
A)True
B)False
Q4) ________ is caused by an autoimmune attack on the myelin in the central nervous system.
Q5) The outermost of the meninges is the ________.
A)Pia mater
B)Choroid plexus
C)Arachnoid mater
D)Dura mater
Q6) The membrane that is like a spider web is called ____________.
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Chapter 10: The Nervous System Part Ii: the Traffic Control
Center
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Sample Questions
Q1) Brain damage similar to that caused by traumatic brain injury is caused by a lack of oxygen, strokes, or brain ________.
Q2) A ________, which is swelling and bleeding at the site of injury, is more serious than a concussion.
A)Convulsion
B)Hemorrhage
C)Hematoma
D)None of the above
Q3) Which tract carries fine touch and vibration to the cerebral cortex?
A)Dorsal column tract
B)Spinothalamic tract
C)Spinocerebellar tract
D)Ventral column tract
Q4) A mini stroke is known as a ________.
A)TIA
B)Transient necrotic attack
C)Stroke
D)a and b only
Q5) Explain how we interpret touch.
Page 13
Q6) Explain why cerebral spinal fluid balance is important in the brain.
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Chapter 11: The Senses: the Sights and Sounds
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Sample Questions
Q1) If the eye cannot focus on nearby objects, the condition is called ________ or hyperopia.
Q2) A cloudy or opaque area in the normally clear lens of the eye is called a ________.
A)Stye
B)Detachment
C)Cataract
D)None of the above
Q3) The ____________ is the opening through which light passes into the eye.
Q4) The ________ glands produce tears, spread over the eye surfaces by blinking, which are needed for constant cleansing and ?lubrication.
Q5) Hyperopia is when the eye cannot focus properly on ________ objects.
Q6) Lazy eye is called ____________.
Q7) What you perceive as taste is mainly affected by the sense of
Q8) The vitreous humor is in the ____________ chamber of the eye.
Q9) Photopigments undergo chemical changes when light hits them.
A)True
B)False
Page 15
Q10) The acute infective phase of conjunctivitis is commonly called ________.
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Chapter 12: The Endocrine System: the Bodys Other Control System
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Sample Questions
Q1) Left untreated, diabetes mellitus can be fatal.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The release of norepinephrine and epinephrine into the blood stream increases all of these except ________.
A)Respiration
B)Saliva
C)Pulse or heart rate
D)Blood pressure
Q3) Which of the following is not true of oxytocin?
A)It is produced in the thyroid gland.
B)It causes the contractions of the uterus during labor.
C)It is one of the few hormones that is regulated by a positive feedback loop.
D)It stimulates "milk letdown" in nursing mothers.
Q4) Which of the following is an early symptom of hypoglycemia?
A)Nervousness
B)Weakness
C)Difficulty speaking
D)All of the above
Page 16
Q5) Describe how the thyroid and parathyroid glands interact.
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Chapter 13: The Cardiovascular System: Transport and Supply
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Sample Questions
Q1) ________ is an inherited bleeding disorder.
Q2) A heartbeat that is below 60 beats per minute is called ________.
A)Tachycardia
B)Bradycardia
C)Sinus dysrhythmia
D)Fibrillation
Q3) Which of the following is not a cause of thrombocytopenia?
A)Vitamin K deficiency
B)Bone marrow cancer
C)Liver dysfunction
D)Proper spleen function
Q4) ________ may be caused by decreased red blood cell (RB) production.
Q5) The medication nitroglycerin increases blood flow to cardiac muscle by vasodilation of the ________ blood vessels.
Q6) What is the vessel that brings blood to the heart from the trunk and pelvic region?
A)Superior vena cava
B)Inferior vena cava
C)Superior aorta
D)Inferior artery
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Chapter 14: The Respiratory System: Its a Gas
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Sample Questions
Q1) The oropharynx is lined with _________________ epithelium.
Q2) The diaphragm receives help from the ________ muscles in the activity of breathing.
A)Pleural
B)Thoracic
C)Accessory
D)Respiratory
Q3) Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a global term for the conditions of emphysema, and chronic ________.
Q4) The terms iron-poor blood or tired blood come from the fact that a patient with low levels of iron tires easily due to low ________ or hemoglobin levels.
Q5) _____________________ is the amount of gas moved during normal ventilation.
A)Inspiratory reserve volume
B)Vital Capacity
C)Tidal Volume
D)Expiratory reserve volume
Q6) The lungs reside in the thoracic cavity and are separated by a region called the ________, which contains the esophagus, heart, great vessels, and trachea.
Page 18
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Chapter 15: The Lymphatic and Immune Systems: Your Defense Systems
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Sample Questions
Q1) The ____________ cells release antibodies to destroy cells that carry non-self antigens.
A)Mast
B)B-lymphocytic
C)T-lymphocytic
D)Natural killer
Q2) Any organism that invades your body and causes disease is a(n) ____________.
Q3) In this stage of cancer, no spread from the origin is present ________.
A)Stage I
B)Stage II
C)Stage III
D)Stage IV
Q4) T lymphocytes are responsible for adaptive immunity known as antibody mediated immunity.
A)True
B)False
Q5) The ____________ system is the transport system for pathogens and white blood cells.
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Q6) There are several different types of leukemia based on the ________ of WBCs and the nature of the patient's symptoms.
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Chapter 16: The Gastrointestinal System: Fuel for the Trip
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Sample Questions
Q1) Explain the hormonal control of digestion.
Q2) Describe the anatomy of the peritoneum.How is peritoneum different from other serous membranes?
Q3) The digestive tract begins in the mouth and ends at the ________.
Q4) The chief digestive enzyme in the stomach is ____________.
Q5) Internally, the teeth are made of ____________.
Q6) List the organs of the alimentary canal in order from mouth to anus.
Q7) The small intestine has projections on the surface of its epithelial cells known as ______________ which increase surface area.
Q8) The _____________________ phase of gastric activity begins when you see or smell food.
Q9) The nasopharynx is blocked by the soft palate, and a flap of tissue called the ________, a part of the larynx, covers the airway to the lungs as the trachea rises ?during swallowing.
Q10) Partially digested food is known as ____________.
Q11) Periodontal disease is the major cause of tooth loss in ________.
Q12) The liver stores Vitamins A, B<sub>12</sub>, K, and C. A)True B)False Page 21
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Chapter 17: The Urinary System: Filtration and Fluid Balance
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Sample Questions
Q1) Kidney stones can be caused by any of the following except ________.
A)Kidney infection
B)Calcium
C)Uric acid
D)Potassium
Q2) In both glomerulosclerosis and glomerulonephritis, there is decreased waste product removal and the electrolyte ________ is abnormal.
Q3) The juxtaglomerular apparatus of the kidneys release a hormone ________.
A)Called antidiuretic hormone
B)That dilates blood vessels
C)That causes vasoconstriction
D)That increases the absorption of chloride from the filtrate
Q4) The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone ___________ system is a series of chemical reactions that regulate blood pressure.
Q5) The only cure for end-stage renal disease is ________.
A)Peritoneal dialysis
B)Lithotripsy
C)Blood transfusion
D)Kidney transplant
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Chapter 18: The Reproductive System: Replacement and Repair
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Q1) The ________ layer of the uterus sheds about every 28 days when a woman has her period.
Q2) ________ is the absence of menstruation.
Q3) The external genitalia of the female are known as the uvula.
A)True
B)False
Q4) ________ is the continued proliferation, decay and bleeding of endometrial tissue in the abdominal and pelvic cavities that can cause scarring and damage to the organs.
Q5) This type of cancer is the most common non-skin form of cancer that affects American men ________.
A)Testicular cancer
B)Breast cancer
C)Melanoma
D)Prostate cancer
Q6) Which of the following is the hormone most responsible for ovulation?
A)Estrogen
B)Progesterone
C)Follicle-stimulating hormone
D)Luteinizing hormone
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Chapter 19: The Journeys End: Now What
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following vitamins is needed for proper blood clotting?
A)Vitamin K
B)Vitamin C
C)Vitamin E
D)Vitamin D
Q2) Discuss how forensic scientists solve mysteries.
Q3) It is important to stay well-hydrated.
A)True
B)False
Q4) A healthy human brain will continue to develop until the approximate age of
Q5) Forensic scientists can use the molecule found in the nucleus of our cells, ____________, to identify individuals.
Q6) Identical twins will have the same fingerprints. A)True
B)False
Page 25
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