Medical Physiology Review Questions - 2890 Verified Questions
Course Introduction
Medical Physiology Review Questions
Medical Physiology explores the fundamental mechanisms by which the human body functions, emphasizing the integrated activity of cells, tissues, organs, and systems in maintaining homeostasis. The course covers essential topics such as neurophysiology, cardiovascular, respiratory, renal, gastrointestinal, endocrine, and reproductive systems. Through a combination of theoretical concepts and clinically relevant scenarios, students gain an in-depth understanding of physiological processes and their applications in health and disease, forming a critical foundation for clinical practice and biomedical research.
Recommended Textbook
Human Physiology 14th Edition by Stuart Ira Fox Dr
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20 Chapters
2890 Verified Questions
2890 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: The Study of Body Function
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118 Verified Questions
118 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Phase IV clinical drug trials involve testing a drug only on the specific human population who have the condition that the drug is intended to treat.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) Which of the following is a function of simple squamous epithelium?
A)protection
B)diffusion
C)distention
D)transport through ciliary action
Answer: B
Q3) An integrating center of a negative feedback loop has the function of analyzing information from many different sensors about deviations from a set point and then altering the activity of particular effectors to compensate for the deviation.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Page 3
Chapter 2: Chemical Composition of the Body
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116 Verified Questions
116 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is NOT a function of a purine-containing nucleotide?
A)neurotransmitter
B)hormone
C)energy carrier
D)coenzymes
Answer: B
Q2) An example of an aromatic substance is
A)hexane.
B)cyclohexane.
C)fructose.
D)benzene.
Answer: D
Q3) Regarding acids and bases,
A)acids will increase the pH of a solution.
B)bases will decrease the pH of a solution.
C)acids will accept hydrogen ions in a solution.
D)bases will accept hydrogen ions in a solution.
Answer: D
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4
Chapter 3: Cell Structure and Genetic Control
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147 Verified Questions
147 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Cells in the G<sub>1</sub> phase of the cell cycle contain half as much DNA as cells in the G<sub>2</sub> phase.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) Gene silencing may be accomplished by
A)removal of the gene.
B)methylation of cytosine bases in DNA.
C)crossing over.
D)genetic recombination.
Answer: B
Q3) Phagocytosis is important for A)body defense against foreign organic matter.
B)promoting inflammation.
C)removal of old and dying cells.
D)All apply.
Answer: D
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Chapter 4: Enzymes and Energy
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99 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Cellular respiration results in a(n)______________ in entropy as glucose is broken down to form carbon dioxide.
A)increase
B)decrease
C)no change
Q2) Dehydration synthesis reactions are catalyzed by A)dehydrogenases. B)hydrolases. C)isomerases. D)synthases.
Q3) NAD is derived from the vitamin
A)B-12,cobalamin.
B)B-3,niacin.
C)B-2,riboflavin.
D)B-6,pyridoxine
Q4) Active enzymes are often called zymogens.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 5: Cell Respiration and Metabolism
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106 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The actual yield of ATP from 1 glucose is
A)18-20 ATP.
B)36-38 ATP.
C)30-32 ATP.
D)26-28 ATP.
Q2) The final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain system is
A)NAD
B)hydrogen
C)oxygen
D)ATP
Q3) Which of the following is a superoxide radical?
A)an oxygen molecule with an extra,unpaired electron
B)an oxygen molecule with two paired electrons
C)hydrogen peroxide
D)All apply
Q4) Skeletal muscle contains glucose 6-phosphatase to produce free glucose from glucose 6-phosphate.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 6: Interactions Between Cells and the Extracellular Environment
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123 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) What structures are used for direct cell to cell signaling?
A)desmosomes
B)tight junctions
C)exocytosis vesicles
D)gap junctions
Q2) Whose equation allows one to calculate equilibrium potential for a particular ion?
A)Avogadro's
B)Nernst's
C)Fox's
D)Dalton's
Q3) A solution with an osmolality four times greater than plasma would freeze at
A)-0.56F1F1F1S1 F1F1F10C.
B)-1.12F1F1F1S1 F1F1F10C.
C)-1.68F1F1F1S1 F1F1F10C.
D)-2.24F1F1F1S1 F1F1F10C.
Q4) Secondary active transport often occurs as a coupled transport process.
A)True
B)False
Page 8
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Chapter 7: The Nervous System: Neurons and Synapses
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190 Verified Questions
190 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is NOT a type of glutamate receptor?
A)NMDA receptor
B)muscarinic receptor
C)kainate receptor
D)All of the choices are correct.
Q2) Local anesthetics block conduction of action potentials in sensory neurons by
A)inhibiting the release of acetylcholine.
B)binding to potassium channels.
C)binding to sodium channels.
D)binding to calcium channels.
Q3) What is NOT true of conduction through dendrites and cell bodies of neurons?
A)they are EPSPs
B)they are spread by cable properties
C)they can summate to reach threshold
D)they are action potentials
Q4) Most motor neurons are multipolar.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 8: The Central Nervous System
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160 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Recognition of your best friend's face is a function of the _______ cerebral hemisphere.
A)right
B)left
C)both
Q2) A reflex arc requires intervention from the brain for a response.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The medulla oblongata
A)contains numerous vital centers.
B)contains the facial nuclei.
C)acts only as a relay center.
D)is the most advanced region of the brain.
Q4) Ablation of the red nucleus prevents communication between the cerebrum and cerebellum and thereby enhances normal motor function.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Long-term memory is most often associated with the hypothalamus.
A)True
B)False
10
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Chapter 9: The Autonomic Nervous System
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105 Verified Questions
105 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The neurotransmitter released at terminal ganglia is A)acetylcholine.
B)dopamine.
C)epinephrine.
D)norepinephrine.
Q2) Postganglionic parasympathetic fibers are relatively long.
A)True
B)False
Q3) It is impossible to consciously control autonomic activities.
A)True
B)False
Q4) M<sub>2</sub> receptors in the heart
A)decrease heart rate.
B)increase heart rate.
C)cause increased cytosolic Ca<sup>2+</sup> in heart cells.
D)cause increased spontaneous depolarization in the heart.
Q5) Heart rate is increased in response to sympathetic stimulation. A)True B)False
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Chapter 10: Sensory Physiology
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180 Verified Questions
180 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Where on the cerebral cortex is taste information sent?
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150 Verified Questions
150 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) End-diastolic volume is decreased during exercise because of the increased heart rate.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Left side heart failure results in pulmonary congestion and edema.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Which is NOT a symptom of preeclampsia?
A)hypertension
B)proteinuria
C)edema
D)increased vasodilation
Q4) A decrease in total peripheral resistance would cause blood flow to A)increase.
B)decrease.
C)remain unchanged.
Q5) For blood to flow,there must be a pressure difference in different parts of the vascular system.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 15: The Immune System
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137 Verified Questions
137 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which chromosome contains the genes for the major histocompatibility complex?
A)chromosome 3
B)chromosome 6
C)chromosome 14
D)chromosome 19
Q2) Interferons have diverse functions including inhibiting erythrocyte and adipose cell maturation.
A)True
B)False
Q3) What is the ability to mount a specific immune response called?
A)self-tolerance
B)complement activation
C)immunological competence
D)clonal-selection
Q4) Which of the following is involved in specific immunity?
A)mucus
B)macrophages
C)neutrophils
D)lymphocytes
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Chapter 16: Respiratory Physiology
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164 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Measurements of arterial P<sub>CO2</sub> are used to assess lung function.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Metabolic alkalosis
A)may be caused by excessive vomiting.
B)occurs when the partial pressure of oxygen is decreased.
C)occurs when arterial pH is less than 7.4.
D)is induced by hypoventilation.
Q3) The affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen
A)is greater than the affinity for carbon monoxide.
B)is increased in methemoglobin.
C)decreases as the height above sea level increases.
D)is increased in response to metabolic alkalosis.
Q4) Contraction of the internal intercostal muscles expands the thoracic cavity.
A)True
B)False
Q5) The production of hemoglobin and red blood cells in bone marrow is controlled by a hormone called thymopoietin.
A)True
B)False
Page 18
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Chapter 17: Physiology of the Kidneys
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152 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The sensor in tubuloglomerular feedback is a group of cells called the A)macula densA.
B)glomerulus.
C)vasa recta.
D)macula lutea.
Q2) In response to low blood plasma Na<sup>+</sup>,reduced ADH will decrease water volume in the blood to match lower Na<sup>+</sup> concentration while increased aldosterone will increase Na<sup>+</sup> reabsorption to match the higher water volume of blood.
A)True
B)False
Q3) _________ is a nonsalt molecule that contributes to the hypertonicity of the interstitial fluid of the renal tubules.
A)Urea
B)Protein
C)Creatinine
D)Xenobiotic molecule
Q4) An increase of blood volume will cause secretion of ADH.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 18: The Digestive System
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172 Verified Questions
172 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) What structure keeps food from exitting from the nose during swallowing?
A)epiglottis
B)nasopharynx
C)soft palate
D)tongue
Q2) Which of the following is NOT an effect of CCK?
A)stimulates secretion of water and bicarbonate rich pancreatic juice
B)stimulates contraction of the gall bladder
C)inhibits gastric motility
D)stimulates secretion of pancreatic juice rich in enzymes
Q3) The __________ stimulates decreased gastric motility.
A)gastroileal reflex
B)GLP-1 reflex
C)ileogastric reflex
D)GIP reflex
Q4) The combination of chewed food and saliva is called A)chyme.
B)a bolus.
C)pylorus.
D)hiatal.
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Chapter 19: Regulation and Metabolism
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138 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following can regulate the skeletal system?
A)estrogen
B)testosterone
C)calcitonin
D)All of the choices are correct.
Q2) Starvation decreases metabolic rate by as much as
A)10%.
B)20%.
C)40%.
D)65%.
Q3) Formation of glucose from noncarbohydrate molecules is called as A)glycogenolysis.
B)glycolysis.
C)gluconeogenesis.
D)ketogenesis.
Q4) The vitamin D derivative calcipotriene is used to treat the skin condition A)pellagrA.
B)beriberi.
C)scurvy.
D)psoriasis.
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Chapter 20: Reproduction
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Sample Questions
Q1) Those with testicular feminization syndrome have
A)an extra X chromosome.
B)a missing X chromosome.
C)an extra chromosome 23.
D)no chromosomal number abnormalities.
Q2) In the female menstrual cycle
A)ovulation is stimulated by decreasing concentrations of progesterone.
B)menstruation occurs during the last four days of the cycle.
C)progesterone secretion is stimulated by LH.
D)the luteal phase is characterized by high circulating concentrations of estrogens.
Q3) The last embryonic tissue layer to form is the A)trophoblast.
B)endoderm.
C)ectoderm.
D)mesoderm.
Q4) The secretion of gonadotropins (FSH and LH)will ___________ during menopause.
A)increase
B)decrease
C)remain the same
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