Medical Laboratory Science
Pre-Test Questions
Course Introduction
Medical Laboratory Science is a multidisciplinary field focused on the analysis of biological specimens to aid in the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of disease. This course introduces students to the principles and techniques used in clinical laboratories, including hematology, clinical chemistry, microbiology, immunology, and molecular diagnostics. Emphasis is placed on laboratory safety, quality assurance, interpretation of test results, and the role of the medical laboratory scientist as a member of the healthcare team. Students will also explore ethical considerations, laboratory management, and technological advancements shaping modern diagnostic practices.
Recommended Textbook
Pathology Secrets 3rd Edition by Ivan Damjanov MD PhD
Available Study Resources on Quizplus
23 Chapters
386 Verified Questions
386 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/study-set/1036 Page 2
Chapter 1: Cell Pathology
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
10 Verified Questions
10 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/20520
Sample Questions
Q1) Columnar bronchial epithelium irritated by chronic exposure to cigarette smoke changes into stratified squamous epithelium.This change is an example of:
A) Hypertrophy
B) Hyperplasia
C) Atrophy
D) Metaplasia
E) Degeneration
Answer: D
Q2) Enlargement of the heart caused by hypertension is a result of:
A) Hyperplasia
B) Hypertrophy
C) Atrophy
D) Metaplasia
E) Dysplasia
Answer: B
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 3
Chapter 2: Inflammation
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
10 Verified Questions
10 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/20521
Sample Questions
Q1) Release of histamine at the site of inflammation causes:
A) Increased vascular permeability
B) Decreased vascular permeability
C) Accumulation of neutrophils
D) Accumulation of platelets
E) Activation of the complement system
Answer: A
Q2) Hypertrophic scars are called:
A) Granuloma
B) Granulation tissue
C) Proud flesh
D) Keloid
E) Dehiscence
Answer: D
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
4
Chapter 3: Immunopathology
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
13 Verified Questions
13 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/20522
Sample Questions
Q1) Antibodies are produced by:
A) B lymphocytes
B) T-suppressor/cytotoxic lymphocytes
C) Monocytes
D) Plasma cells
E) Eosinophils
Answer: D
Q2) All the following are considered autoimmune diseases except:
A) Systemic lupus erythematosus
B) Multiple sclerosis
C) Primary biliary cirrhosis
D) Pemphigus vulgaris
E) AIDS
Answer: E
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 5
Chapter 4: Neoplasia
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
14 Verified Questions
14 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/20523
Sample Questions
Q1) Teratomas originate from:
A) Germ cells of the ovary
B) Brain cells
C) Thyroid cells
D) Endocrine cells of the pancreas
E) Fallopian tubes
Q2) Workers employed in the chemical industry and exposed to high levels of aniline dyes are at increased risk of developing cancer of the:
A) Brain
B) Lung
C) Stomach
D) Urinary bladder
E) Testis
Q3) Many tumors secrete their own growth factors.This form of stimulation is called:
A) Autocrine
B) Heterocrine
C) Paracrine
D) Endocrine
E) Exocrine
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 6
Chapter 5: Genetic and Developmental Diseases
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
13 Verified Questions
13 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/20524
Sample Questions
Q1) All the following are routinely used in prenatal diagnosis except:
A) Ultrasound
B) Chorionic villus biopsy
C) Fetal skin biopsy
D) Amniotic fluid analysis
E) Maternal blood analysis
Q2) Dilatation of lateral ventricles of the brain found in TORCH syndrome is called:
A) Microphthalmia
B) Chorioretinitis
C) Hydrocephalus
D) Cataract
E) Vesicles
Q3) Children born with a fragile X chromosome suffer from:
A) Muscle weakness
B) Blindness
C) Spinal cord deformities
D) Mental retardation
E) Glucose intolerance
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 7
Chapter 6: Fluid and Hemodynamic Disorders
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
24 Verified Questions
24 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/20525
Sample Questions
Q1) Pulmonary edema is a typical complication of:
A) Right-sided heart failure
B) Left-sided heart failure
C) Pulmonary saddle embolus
D) Cor pulmonale
E) Pulmonary fibrosis
Q2) Abscess is a complication of:
A) Septic embolism
B) Marantic endocarditis
C) Air embolism
D) Fat embolism
E) Pulmonary saddle embolism
Q3) Clinically significant emboli are most often composed of:
A) Air
B) Amniotic fluid
C) Foreign particulate material
D) Fat
E) Thrombi
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
8
Chapter 7: The Cardiovascular System
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
14 Verified Questions
14 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/20526
Sample Questions
Q1) Atherosclerotic aneurysms are most often located in the:
A) Coronary arteries
B) Ascending aorta
C) Thoracic aorta
D) Abdominal aorta
E) Iliac arteries
Q2) Myocardial infarction is accompanied by typical biochemical changes.Elevation of which enzyme in the blood occurs first after the occlusion of a coronary artery?
A) Alanine aminotransferase
B) Aspartate aminotransferase
C) Creatine kinase
D) Lactate dehydrogenase
E) Acid phosphatase
Q3) The most common form of arterial hypertension is considered to be:
A) Essential or idiopathic
B) Caused by kidney disease
C) Caused by adrenal cortical hyperactivity
D) Secondary to adrenal medullar tumors
E) Secondary to the narrowing of the aorta
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 9
Chapter 8: The Respiratory System
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
15 Verified Questions
15 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/20527
Sample Questions
Q1) Coal-workers' lung disease is best classified as:
A) Asbestosis
B) Pneumoconiosis
C) Acute hypersensitivity reaction
D) Chronic hypersensitivity reaction
E) Chronic bacterial pneumonitis
Q2) Miliary tuberculosis is characterized by:
A) Granuloma formation
B) Abscess formation
C) Lobar pneumonia
D) Acute bronchitis
E) Acute bronchiolitis
Q3) Fibrin-rich hyaline membranes and protein-rich intra-alveolar edema are features of:
A) Atelectasis
B) Diffuse alveolar damage (DAD)in adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)
C) Emphysema
D) Bronchiectasis
E) Aspiration pneumonia
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 10
Chapter 9: The Hematopoietic and Lymphoid Systems
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
19 Verified Questions
19 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/20528
Sample Questions
Q1) Thalassemia minor is a disease involving the gene that encodes:
A) Globin chains of hemoglobin
B) The heme portion of hemoglobin
C) The iron-binding portion of hemoglobin
D) The porphyrin ring of hemoglobin
E) Bilirubin synthetase
Q2) Microcytic hypochromic anemia with low hemosiderin stores in the bone marrow will respond favorably to treatment with:
A) Vitamin C
B) Vitamin B 2
C) Folic acid
D) Iron
E) Selenium
Q3) Sickle cell hemoglobin is routinely identified in the laboratory by:
A) Polarized light microscopy
B) Electron microscopy
C) Electrophoresis
D) Immunochemistry
E) Electron spin microscopy
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 11
Chapter 10: The Gastrointestinal System
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
18 Verified Questions
18 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/20529
Sample Questions
Q1) Atrophic gastritis is characterized by:
A) Xerostomia
B) Achlorhydria
C) Gastric hyperacidity
D) Achalasia
E) Reflux esophagitis
Q2) The most common viral cause of sialadenitis is:
A) Herpesvirus
B) Measles virus
C) Mumps virus
D) Cytomegalovirus
E) Epstein-Barr virus
Q3) Bacteriologically sterile peritonitis is a complication of:
A) Ruptured gastric ulcer
B) Gangrene of the large intestine
C) Gonococcal salpingitis
D) Acute pancreatitis
E) Acute appendicitis
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 12
Chapter 11: The Liver and Biliary System
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
24 Verified Questions
24 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/20530
Sample Questions
Q1) Overall,the most common cause of cirrhosis in the United States is:
A) Viral infection
B) Alcohol abuse
C) Drug abuse
D) Immune hepatitis
E) Extrahepatic obstruction
Q2) In chronic liver failure there is a marked decrease of blood:
A) Hemoglobin
B) Bilirubin
C) Immunoglobulin G
D) Immunoglobulin M
E) Albumin
Q3) Which of the following hepatitis viruses is currently the most common cause of cirrhosis in the United States?
A) HAV
B) HBV
C) HCV
D) HDV
E) HEV
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 13
Chapter 12: The Pancreas
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
22 Verified Questions
22 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/20531
Sample Questions
Q1) Chronic pancreatitis is:
A) More common than acute pancreatitis
B) More common in males than in females
C) Associated with higher mortality than acute pancreatitis
D) Associated with higher levels of amylase in blood than acute pancreatitis
E) More common in children than in adults
Q2) Which of the following is most typical of diabetes mellitus?
A) Oliguria
B) Anuria
C) Polyuria
D) Proteinuria
E) Cylindruria
Q3) Which component of the pancreatic juices acts as a buffer and neutralizes the acidity of the gastric juice?
A) Amylase
B) Lipase
C) Peptidase
D) Gastrin
E) Bicarbonate
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 14
Chapter 13: The Urinary Tract
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
11 Verified Questions
11 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/20532
Sample Questions
Q1) Hypertension of chronic kidney disease is medicated with:
A) Erythropoietin
B) Antidiuretic hormone
C) Renin
D) Calcitonin
E) Adrenalin
Q2) All the following findings are typical of membranous nephropathy except:
A) Proteinuria
B) Pyuria
C) Hypoalbuminemia
D) Edema
E) Deposits of immunoglobulin G in the glomeruli
Q3) All the following are renal complications of diabetes except:
A) Diffuse glomerulosclerosis
B) Nodular glomerulosclerosis (Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease)
C) Arteriolar hyalinosis
D) Papillary necrosis
E) Crescentic glomerulonephritis
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
15
Chapter 14: The Male Reproductive System
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
14 Verified Questions
14 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/20533
Sample Questions
Q1) The most common cause of prostatic enlargement in 60- to 70-year-old men is:
A) Prostatitis
B) Urethral obstruction
C) Benign prostatic hyperplasia
D) Prostatic adenoma
E) Prostatic carcinoma
Q2) Which of the following is a typical feature of secondary syphilis?
A) Penile ulcer
B) Chancre on the prepuce
C) Condyloma latum
D) Aortic aneurysm
E) Tabes dorsalis
Q3) Most carcinomas of the prostate:
A) Present with symptoms of cystitis
B) Present early in their course with urinary obstruction
C) Invade early into the urethra
D) Occur in the peripheral part (posterior lobe)of the prostate
E) Tend to secrete androgens
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
16
Chapter 15: The Female Reproductive System
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
24 Verified Questions
24 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/20534
Sample Questions
Q1) Inflammation of the fallopian tubes is called:
A) Cervicitis
B) Endometritis
C) Salpingitis
D) Oophoritis
E) Vulvovaginitis
Q2) More than 50% of all cases of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN)contain intranuclear inclusions of:
A) Gardnerella vaginalis
B) Herpes simplex virus type 1
C) Herpes simplex virus type 2
D) Human papillomavirus
E) Treponema pallidum
Q3) Vaginal "spotting" (mild bleeding)after intercourse is most often seen in women who have:
A) Carcinoma of the vulva
B) Carcinoma of the cervix
C) Carcinoma of the ovary
D) Uterine leiomyoma
E) Carcinoma of the fallopian tube
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 17
Chapter 16: The Breast
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
10 Verified Questions
10 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/20535
Sample Questions
Q1) A woman who was diagnosed with a stage I breast cancer,with no metastases,underwent a lumpectomy.Her chances of surviving 5 years are:
A) 0%
B) 10%
C) 25%
D) 50%
E) 80%
Q2) Fine-needle aspiration biopsy of breast masses has an accuracy of:
A) 100%
B) 95%
C) 75%
D) 50%
E) 25%
Q3) Which of the following is the most common histologic type of breast carcinoma?
A) Medullary carcinoma
B) Mucinous carcinoma
C) Infiltrating duct carcinoma
D) Lobular carcinoma
E) Tubular carcinoma
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 18
Chapter 17: The Endocrine System
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
29 Verified Questions
29 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/20536
Sample Questions
Q1) Acromegaly is typically produced by tumors of the:
A) Pituitary
B) Thyroid
C) Parathyroid
D) Adrenals
E) Testis
Q2) The most common cause of hyperparathyroidism is:
A) Pituitary adenoma
B) Parathyroid adenoma
C) Parathyroid hyperplasia
D) Medullary carcinoma of the thyroid
E) Multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome
Q3) ACTH,which is normally produced by pituitary cells,can also be produced by cells of a(n):
A) Brain tumor
B) Adrenal tumor
C) Carcinoma of the thyroid
D) Small-cell carcinoma of the lung
E) Ovarian carcinoma
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 19
Chapter 18: The Skin
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
13 Verified Questions
13 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/20537
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following neoplastic lesions originates in the dermis rather than in the epidermis?
A) Basal cell carcinoma
B) Squamous cell carcinoma
C) Actinic keratosis
D) Dermatofibroma
E) Seborrheic keratosis
Q2) Which of the following pigmented lesions has the highest propensity to progress to malignant melanoma?
A) Ephelis
B) Lentigo
C) Dermal nevus
D) Blue nevus
E) Dysplastic nevus
Q3) Prolonged suntanning causes:
A) Ulcers
B) Accelerated aging of the skin
C) Furuncles
D) Carbuncles
E) Psoriasis
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 20
Chapter 19: Bones and Joints
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
25 Verified Questions
25 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/20538
Sample Questions
Q1) Osteogenesis imperfecta is an inborn error in the synthesis of:
A) Collagen type I
B) Collagen type II
C) Collagen type III
D) Phosphate crystals
E) Basement membranes
Q2) The central ("midshaft")portion of long bones is called:
A) Epiphysis
B) Metaphysis
C) Diaphysis
D) Physis
E) Anapophysis
Q3) Osteosarcomas most often arise in the bones of the:
A) Skull
B) Vertebrae
C) Fingers
D) Toes
E) Knee
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
21
Chapter 20: Muscles
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
22 Verified Questions
22 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/20539
Sample Questions
Q1) The most common histologic type of soft tissue sarcoma in adults is:
A) Liposarcoma
B) Malignant fibrous histiocytoma
C) Rhabdomyosarcoma
D) Leiomyosarcoma
E) Synovial sarcoma
Q2) Symptoms of muscle weakness in Duchenne-type dystrophy begin in:
A) Preschool children
B) Elementary school children
C) High school children
D) College-level teenagers
E) Adults
Q3) Which of the following muscular dystrophies involves the same gene as Duchenne-type dystrophy?
A) Becker's dystrophy
B) Limb-girdle dystrophy
C) Facioscapulohumeral dystrophy
D) Myotonic dystrophy
E) Werdnig-Hoffmann disease
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 22
Chapter 21: The Nervous System
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
19 Verified Questions
19 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/20540
Sample Questions
Q1) If a normal person has blood concentration of glucose of 100 mg/dL,the concentration in the cerebrospinal fluid will be:
A) 0-10 mg/dL
B) 50 mg/dL
C) 100 mg/dL
D) 200 mg/dL
E) Unpredictable
Q2) Axons are cytoplasmic extensions of:
A) Astrocytes
B) Oligodendroglia cells
C) Microglia cells
D) Neurons
E) Ependymal cells
Q3) Tabes dorsalis is characterized by:
A) Atrophy in frontal (motor)cortex
B) Atrophy of basal ganglia
C) Hypertrophy of putamen
D) Atrophy of anterior horns of the spinal cord
E) Atrophy of the posterior columns of the spinal cord
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 23
Chapter 22: The Eye
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
13 Verified Questions
13 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/20541
Sample Questions
Q1) The most important cause of ulcerative keratitis is:
A) CMV
B) Herpesvirus
C) Mumps virus
D) Influenza virus
E) Human papillomavirus
Q2) The sensory innermost layer of the eye composed of rods and cones is called:
A) Iris
B) Cornea
C) Sclera
D) Retina
E) Choroid
Q3) A primary malignant tumor of the eye in a 3-month-old child is most likely a:
A) Melanoma
B) Basal cell carcinoma
C) Squamous cell carcinoma
D) Retinoblastoma
E) Glioblastoma
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
24
Chapter 23: The Ear
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
10 Verified Questions
10 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/20542
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following tumors may cause vertigo?
A) Squamous cell carcinoma of the auricle
B) Basal cell carcinoma of the external ear
C) Schwannoma of the VIII nerve
D) Neurilemoma of the VII nerve
E) Pituitary adenoma
Q2) Sensory hearing loss may be a consequence of:
A) Perforation of tympanic membrane
B) Infection of the external auditory canal
C) Cholesteatoma
D) Noise trauma
E) Laceration of the auricle
Q3) Sensory hearing loss of unknown etiology that affects elderly persons is called:
A) Glaucoma
B) Otosclerosis
C) Presbycusis
D) Ménière's disease
E) Vertigo
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
25