Medical Laboratory Science Basics
Review Questions
Course Introduction
Medical Laboratory Science Basics introduces students to foundational concepts and practices within medical laboratory settings. The course explores the roles and responsibilities of medical laboratory professionals, principles of laboratory safety, specimen collection and handling, and the basics of laboratory equipment and instrumentation. Emphasis is placed on understanding the workflow of clinical laboratories, the importance of quality control, and the ethical and regulatory standards that guide laboratory operations. Students also gain an introduction to core areas such as hematology, microbiology, clinical chemistry, and immunology, preparing them for more advanced study and practice within the field of medical laboratory science.
Recommended Textbook
Essentials of Human Anatomy and Physiology 12th Edition by Elaine N. Marieb
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16 Chapters
2217 Verified Questions
2217 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/study-set/1666 Page 2
Chapter 1: The Human Body: An Orientation
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128 Verified Questions
128 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/33022
Sample Questions
Q1) Sudie works as an administrative assistant and has developed carpal tunnel syndrome. What part of her body is affected?
A) elbow
B) wrist
C) shoulder
D) neck
E) lower back
Answer: B
Q2) Tissues are made up of different types of organs.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q3) Which region is situated inferior to the right lumbar region?
A) Label A
B) Label B
C) Label C
D) Label D
E) Label E
F) Label F
Answer: F
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Chapter 2: Basic Chemistry
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118 Verified Questions
118 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/33023
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements about ATP is false?
A) ATP drives the transport of certain solutes (e.g., amino acids) across cell membranes.
B) ATP activates contractile proteins in muscle cells so that cells can shorten and perform mechanical work.
C) ATP provides the energy needed to drive energy-absorbing chemical reactions.
D) ATP is a modified nucleotide.
E) The phosphate groups of ATP are attached by high-energy hydrogen bonds.
Answer: E
Q2) Trans fats are oils that have been solidified by the addition of ________.
A) oxygen atoms
B) carbon atoms
C) hydrogen atoms
D) nitrogen atoms
E) phosphorus-containing groups
Answer: C
Q3) Electrolytes conduct electrical currents in solution.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Page 4
Chapter 3: Cells and Tissues
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142 Verified Questions
142 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/33024
Sample Questions
Q1) The two steps of protein synthesis, in the correct order, are ________ and ________.
A) transcription; translation
B) replication; mitosis
C) mitosis; cytokinesis
D) transcription; replication
Answer: A
Q2) Centrioles separate and move toward opposite sides of the cell
A)anaphase
B)telophase
C)prophase
D)metaphase
Answer: C
Q3) What is required for filtration to occur?
A) ATP
B) solute pumps
C) pressure gradient
D) protein carriers
Answer: C
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Page 5
Chapter 4: Skin and Body Membranes
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108 Verified Questions
108 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/33025
Sample Questions
Q1) Which membrane is constructed of a visceral and parietal layer?
A) synovial
B) cutaneous
C) mucous
D) serous
E) peritoneum
Q2) The connective tissue composing the dermis is made of two regions: the papillary and the reticular areas.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The sebaceous and sweat glands associated with the skin are classified as ________ glands because they release secretions to the skin's surface via ducts.
A) exocrine
B) endocrine
C) serous
D) mucous
Q4) Identify four changes that occur to the skin and subcutaneous connective tissue as a result of aging, and state how these changes can be delayed.
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Chapter 5: The Skeletal System
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124 Verified Questions
124 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/33026
Sample Questions
Q1) Fibula
A)appendicular skeleton
B)axial skeleton
Q2) Which of these bones articulates with the acetabulum of the coxal bone?
A) femur
B) patella
C) fibula
D) sacrum
E) tibia
Q3) Which of the following is NOT a function of the skeletal system?
A) storage of fat and minerals
B) support the body
C) protection of soft body organs
D) regulation of blood pressure
Q4) The patella is indicated by ________.
A) Label E
B) Label G
C) Label I
D) Label U
E) Label A
Page 7
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Chapter 6: The Muscular System
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129 Verified Questions
129 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/33027
Sample Questions
Q1) What is released by axon terminals into the synaptic cleft to stimulate a muscle to contract?
A) potassium ions
B) actin
C) sodium ions
D) acetylcholine
E) myosin heads
Q2) Which of the following muscles acts as a synergist to masseter and closes the jaw?
A) buccinator
B) zygomaticus
C) frontalis
D) sternocleidomastoid
E) temporalis
Q3) The fastest mechanism for producing ATP is aerobic respiration.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Abduction and adduction are antagonistic actions.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 7: The Nervous System
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161 Verified Questions
161 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/33028
Sample Questions
Q1) The spinal cord terminates by vertebra ________.
A) C
B) T
C) T
D) L
E) S
Q2) One of the major functions of the pons is to regulate hormonal output of the anterior pituitary gland.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Gaps between adjacent Schwann cells of a myelin sheath are known as nodes of Ranvier.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The part of the neuron that typically conducts nerve impulses away from the cell body is the ________.
A) dendrite
B) cell body
C) synaptic cleft
D) axon
Page 9
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Chapter 8: Special Senses
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128 Verified Questions
128 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/33029
Sample Questions
Q1) The pharyngotympanic (auditory) tube links the middle ear cavity with the throat.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The pharyngotympanic (auditory) tube is indicated by ________.
A) Label J
B) Label A
C) Label I
D) Label F
E) Label D
Q3) The age-related fusion of ear bones is known as ________.
A) hemianopia
B) strabismus
C) otosclerosis
D) presbycusis
E) otitis
Q4) Tarsal glands situated between the eyelashes release an oily secretion that lubricates the eye.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 9: The Endocrine System
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149 Verified Questions
149 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/33030
Sample Questions
Q1) The hormone produced by male testes which is necessary for sperm production is
A) estrogen
B) cortisol
C) testosterone
D) prolactin
Q2) The gland that produces thymosin is indicated by ________.
A) Label F
B) Label J
C) Label D
D) Label A
E) Label C
Q3) Antidiuretic hormone promotes both sodium and water retention.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Thyroid hormone controls blood calcium levels.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Discuss the role of hormones in maintaining blood calcium levels.
Q6) Summarize the three cardinal signs of diabetes mellitus.
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Chapter 10: Blood
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116 Verified Questions
116 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/33031
Sample Questions
Q1) Erythrocytes ________.
A) possess lobed nuclei and cytoplasmic granules
B) lack a nucleus and most organelles
C) are the least common of all formed elements
D) travel by diapedesis through the walls of vessels
E) clot blood
Q2) Granulocytes and agranulocytes are classified as types of these cells
A)leukocyte
B)erythrocyte
C)platelet
Q3) Describe the three phases of the normal blood-clotting process.
Q4) Polycythemia arises from an excess or abnormal increase in the number of white blood cells.
A)True
B)False
Q5) The most common type of leukocyte is indicated by ________.
A) Label A
B) Label B
C) Label C
D) Label D
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Chapter 11: The Cardiovascular System
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160 Verified Questions
160 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/33032
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is often called the pacemaker of the heart?
A) Purkinje fibers
B) sinoatrial (SA) node
C) atrioventricular (AV) bundle (bundle of His)
D) atrioventricular (AV) node
Q2) Name two shunts that bypass the lungs in a fetus. Briefly explain the structures these shunts connect.
Q3) The first heart sound, "lub," is caused by the closure of the ________ valves.
A) semilunar
B) pulmonary
C) atrioventricular (AV)
D) aortic
Q4) Stroke volume is the amount of blood pumped out by each ventricle of the heart in one minute.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Capillaries are composed only of tunica intima.
A)True
B)False
Q6) Describe how arteries, capillaries and veins are structurally different.
Page 13
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Chapter 12: The Lymphatic System and Body Defenses
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135 Verified Questions
135 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/33033
Sample Questions
Q1) Antigen presentation is essential for the activation and clonal selection of
A) T cells
B) B cells
C) plasma cells
D) antigen-presenting cells
E) antibodies
Q2) Chemical released by macrophages and dendritic cells to activate many other immune cells
A)keratin
B)perforins
C)interferon
D)antibody
E)pyrogen
F)cytokines
G)antigen
Q3) List and describe the cells and chemicals the body uses as its second line of defense.
Q4) Contrast the primary humoral response with the secondary humoral response.
Q5) Explain the origin and pathway of lymph.
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Chapter 13: The Respiratory System
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150 Verified Questions
150 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/33034
Sample Questions
Q1) The lack of adequate surfactant can result in ________.
A) adenocarcinoma
B) chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
C) tuberculosis
D) asthma
E) infant respiratory distress syndrome (IRDS)
Q2) Gas exchange between the pulmonary blood and alveoli is called ________.
A) pulmonary ventilation
B) inhalation
C) external respiration
D) internal respiration
Q3) What is the role of mucus in the nasal cavity?
A) increase the air turbulence in the nasal cavity
B) separate the oral cavity from the nasal cavity
C) lighten the skull
D) act as a resonance chamber for speech
E) trap incoming bacteria and other foreign debris
Q4) The pleural membranes produce a slippery fluid known as serous fluid.
A)True
B)False
Page 15
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Chapter 14: The Digestive System and Body Metabolism
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162 Verified Questions
162 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/33035
Sample Questions
Q1) The propulsive process that moves food from one organ to the next is called
A) ingestion
B) peristalsis
C) digestion
D) mastication
E) absorption
Q2) Digestive activities are mostly controlled by reflexes of the parasympathetic nervous system.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Secretin and cholecystokinin influence the release of both pancreatic juice and bile.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The two intrinsic nerve plexuses serving the alimentary canal are the ________.
A) solar; sympathetic
B) submucosa; myenteric
C) autonomic; somatic
D) mucosa; submucosa
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Chapter 15: The Urinary System
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138 Verified Questions
138 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/33036
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is the major stimulus for the thirst mechanism?
A) hunger
B) decreased urination
C) increased solute content of blood plasma
D) defecation
E) increased saliva production
Q2) The bicarbonate buffer system prevents changes in blood pH through the action of carbonic acid and its salt, sodium bicarbonate.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Substances in the blood that are too large to be filtered, such as red blood cells, will travel from the afferent arteriole, through the glomerulus, and to the efferent arteriole.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Around 200 mL of urine activates stretch receptors and causes this organ to go into reflex contractions
Q5) Outer, lighter region of the kidney
Q6) Cortex-like extensions that separate the renal (medullary) pyramids
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Chapter 16: The Reproductive System
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169 Verified Questions
169 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/33037
Sample Questions
Q1) What is the distal portion of the male urethra that runs the length of the penis?
A) prostatic urethra
B) membranous urethra
C) spongy urethra
D) intermediate urethra
E) bulbourethra
Q2) Which of the following is suitable for the fertilization of an egg?
A) sperm
B) spermatid
C) primary spermatocyte
D) spermatogonium
Q3) What is removed during male circumcision?
A) glans penis
B) shaft of the penis
C) scrotum
D) prepuce
E) ductus deferens
Q4) What hormones promote ovulation? Describe how the levels of these hormones change in the days prior to ovulation
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