Medical Immunology Practice Questions
Course Introduction
Medical Immunology is an in-depth study of the human immune system, focusing on its role in health and disease. The course covers the fundamental principles of immunology, including the cellular and molecular mechanisms of immune responses, the development and function of immune cells, and the interaction between innate and adaptive immunity. Students will explore immune system dysfunctions such as hypersensitivity, autoimmunity, and immunodeficiency disorders, as well as the immunological aspects of infection, vaccination, transplantation, cancer, and emerging therapies. Emphasis is placed on clinical correlations and laboratory techniques relevant to diagnosing and treating immunological diseases, preparing students for practical application in medical and biomedical fields.
Recommended Textbook
Basic Immunology Functions and Disorders of the Immune System 4th Edition by Abul K. Abbas
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12 Chapters
181 Verified Questions
181 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/study-set/1165 Page 2
Chapter 1: Introduction to the Immune System
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16 Verified Questions
16 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/23007
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements is consistent with the process of clonal selection?
A)The specificity of a lymphocyte antigen receptor changes to accommodate the structure of an antigen that binds to it.
B)Many different antigen receptors with different specificities are expressed on each lymphocyte.
C)Lymphocytes do not express antigen receptors on their cell surfaces until after exposure to antigen.
D)The diversity of the lymphocyte repertoire for antigens is very small before exposure to antigen but increases significantly after antigen exposure.
E)The diversity of the lymphocyte repertoire for antigens is very large before exposure to antigen, with millions of different clones of lymphocytes, each having a different specificity.
Answer: E
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3
Chapter 2: Innate Immunity
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17 Verified Questions
17 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/23008
Sample Questions
Q1) All of the following molecules are opsonins that facilitate efficient phagocytosis of microbes by neutrophils and macrophages EXCEPT:
A)C3b
B)C5a
C)C-reactive protein
D)IgG
E)Mannose-binding lectin
Answer: B
Q2) Macrophages and neutrophils express several enzymes that are involved in biochemical mechanisms that kill ingested microbes. Which of the following is NOT an enzyme expressed by these cells?
A)Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS)
B)Granzyme B
C)Phagocyte oxidase
D)Myeloperoxidase
E)Lysozyme
Answer: B
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Page 4
Chapter 3: Antigen Capture and Presentation to Lymphocytes
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17 Verified Questions
17 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/23009
Sample Questions
Q1) Antigen-presenting cells (APCs) perform which of the following functions in adaptive immune responses?
A)Display major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-associated peptides on their cell surfaces for surveillance by B lymphocytes
B)Initiate T cell responses by specifically recognizing and responding to foreign protein antigens
C)Display MHC-associated peptides on their cell surfaces for surveillance by T lymphocytes
D)Display polysaccharide antigens on their cell surfaces for surveillance by B lymphocytes
E)Secrete peptides derived from protein antigens for binding to T cell antigen receptors
Answer: C
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Chapter 4: Antigen Recognition in the Adaptive Immune System
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17 Verified Questions
17 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/23010
Sample Questions
Q1) CD1-restricted T cells differ from other T cells restricted to class I or class II MHC molecules in which one of the following ways?
A)CD-1 restricted T cells cannot rapidly secrete cytokines.
B)CD-1 restricted T cells recognize non-peptide antigens, such as lipids.
C)CD-1 restricted T cells bind both cell-associated and soluble antigens.
D)CD-1 restricted T cells express both CD4 and CD8 coreceptors.
E)CD-1 restricted T cells are actually natural killer (NK) cells.
Q2) A 2-year-old boy suffers from recurrent bacterial infection of his ears, sinuses, lungs, and skin; laboratory studies indicate absence of sialylated Lewis X on his leukocytes. He is diagnosed with leukocyte adhesion deficiency type 2 (LAD-2). Which type of adhesive interaction required for leukocyte migration is defective in this boy?
A)E-selectin ligand binding to E-selectin
B)CD4 binding to class II MHC
C)VLA-4 binding to VCAM-1
D)Ig Fc receptor binding to Ig-coated cells
E)LFA-1 binding to ICAM-1
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Chapter 5: T Cell Mediated Immunity
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15 Verified Questions
15 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/23011
Sample Questions
Q1) Which one of the following statements about MHC-TCR interactions is NOT true?
A)Antigen receptors on T cells bind to MHC molecules for only brief periods of time.
B)The affinity of most TCRs for peptide-MHC complexes is similar to the affinity of antibodies for their antigens.
C)Only 1% or less of the MHC molecules on any antigen-presenting cell (APC) display a peptide recognized by a particular T cell.
D)T cells usually require multiple engagements with an APC before a threshold of activation is reached.
E)A subthreshold number of MHC-TCR interactions can lead to T cell inactivation.
Q2) Which one of the following descriptions of cytokine interleukin-2 is NOT true?
A)Expression of its gene requires multiple transcription factors, such as Fos, Jun, and NFAT.
B)It acts as an autocrine growth factor for T cells.
C)It binds to CD25 on the cell membrane of T cells.
D)It is only involved in the proliferation of helper T cells and not CTLs.
E)It promotes susceptibility of T cells to apoptosis.
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Chapter 6: Effector Mechanisms of T Cell Mediated Immunity
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10 Verified Questions
10 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/23012
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements about cell-mediated immunity (CMI) is NOT true?
A)Deficiencies in CMI result in susceptibility to infections by viruses and intracellular bacteria.
B)CMI can be adoptively transferred by injecting serum from one individual to another.
C)Delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) is not a protective response against intracellular bacteria such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
D)The principal form of CMI that protects against viral infections is mediated by CD8 cytolytic T lymphocytes.
E)Phagocytes are essential in the effector phase of CMI responses to bacteria such as Listeria monocytogenes.
Q2) Differentiation of TH2 cells from naive precursor cells is dependent on which of the following?
A)Toll-like receptor (TLR) ligands
B)T-bet
C)Interleukin-12
D)GATA-3
E)Interferon-
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Page 8
Chapter 7: Humoral Immune Responses
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17 Verified Questions
17 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/23013
Sample Questions
Q1) Which one of the following B cell responses is NOT stimulated by CD40 ligand?
A)Association of TRAFs with the cytoplasmic tails of CD40 molecules
B)Activation of NF- B
C)Enhanced expression of B7-1 and B7-2
D)Enhanced Ig isotype switch recombinase activity
E)Enhanced production of membrane Ig
Q2) Which of the following mechanisms contributes to the change from B cell production of membrane Ig to secreted Ig?
A)V(D)J recombinase-mediated deletion of the exon encoding the transmembrane domain
B)Alternative processing of primary RNA transcripts to remove the transmembrane domain and include a secretory tail piece
C)Increased vesicular exocytosis of intracellular stores of the secretory form of Ig
D)Switch recombinase-mediated recombination of the heavy chain locus to juxtapose the V(D)J segment with the exon encoding a secretory tail piece
E)Up-regulation of ectoenzymes that proteolytically cleave membrane Ig heavy chains just proximal to the membrane
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Chapter 8: Effector Mechanisms of Humoral Immunity
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13 Verified Questions
13 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/23014
Sample Questions
Q1) Most effective vaccines that are currently in widespread use are specific for pathogenic viruses, and the immunity induced by the vaccines is mediated largely by antibodies. Which of the following statements accurately describes the major mechanism by which these vaccine-dependent antibody responses function?
A)The antibodies bind extracellular viral particles and prevent them from infecting cells.
B)The antibodies bind to viral antigens on the surface of infected cells and promote phagocytosis of the cells.
C)The antibodies bind to viral antigens on the surface of infected cells and promote complement-mediated lysis of the cells.
D)The antibodies bind to extracellular viral particles and target Fc receptor-expressing cytolytic T lymphocytes to kill the viruses.
E)The antibodies bind to viral envelope proteins and induce signals that inhibit viral replication.
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Chapter 9: Immunological Tolerance and Autoimmunity
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17 Verified Questions
17 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/23015
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following molecules does NOT promote lymphocyte apoptosis?
A)Bid
B)Caspase-8
C)FADD
D)FLIP
E)Glucocorticoid
Q2) The adaptive immune system has mechanisms of homeostasis that serve to terminate immune responses and return the immune system to a basal resting state. Which of the following is LEAST likely to be involved in lymphocyte homeostasis?
A)CTLA-4
B)Fas ligand
C)CD28
D)B cell Ig Fc receptors
E)Anti-idiotypic antibodies
Q3) Which of the following is NOT a property of regulatory T cells?
A)Interleukin-2 receptor (CD25) expression
B)Secretion of transforming growth factor-
C)Maturation in the thymus
D)Secretion of interferon-
E)Inhibition of function of other T cells
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Chapter 10: Immune Responses against Tumors and Transplants
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10 Verified Questions
10 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/23016
Sample Questions
Q1) Class I MHC-restricted T cell responses to tumors can be demonstrated in patients with various types of tumors, yet most of these tumors do not express costimulatory molecules. Which mechanism most likely explains how naive CD8 T cells specific for antigens expressed by these tumors are stimulated to differentiate into cytolytic T lymphocytes?
A)Malignant transformation of CD8 T cells
B)Tumor secretion of T cell-activating cytokines
C)Cross reaction of microbe-specific CD8 T cells with tumor antigens
D)Cross priming
E)Antigenic modulation
Q2) Injections of the mycobacterium Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) at the sites of tumor growth helps to activate which of the following effector immune cells?
A)B cells
B)Cytolytic T lymphocytes
C)Natural killer cells
D)Macrophages
E)Neutrophils
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Page 12
Chapter 11: Hypersensitivity
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14 Verified Questions
14 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/23017
Sample Questions
Q1) All of the following are effector mechanisms of antibody-mediated disease EXCEPT:
A)Opsonization and phagocytosis of cells
B)Fas-dependent apoptosis of cells
C)Complement- and Fc receptor-mediated inflammation and tissue injury
D)Antibody stimulation of cell surface receptors in the absence of the physiologic ligands
E)Fc R crosslinking
Q2) Which of the following is a common cause of hypersensitivity diseases?
A)Failure of lymphocyte maturation
B)Treatment with corticosteroids
C)Disseminated cancer
D)Failure of self-tolerance
E)Malnutrition
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13
Chapter 12: Congenital and Acquired Immunodeficiencies
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18 Verified Questions
18 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/23018
Sample Questions
Q1) Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is NOT a:
A)Herpesvirus
B)RNA virus
C)Enveloped virus
D)Retrovirus
E)Lentivirus
Q2) A 36-year-old man with a history of a positive anti-HIV antibody test comes to the clinic with fever, sore throat, nonproductive cough, and weight loss. This patient has had a partner for 8 years with whom he has frequently engaged in unprotected sexual intercourse. The partner is a healthy 29-year-old man who is HIV negative. The partner's relative "resistance" to HIV infection may be due to a loss-of-function mutation in which of the following proteins?
A)CD4
B)CD8
C)CCR5
D)Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)
E)NF- B
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