Medical First Responder Midterm Exam
Course Introduction
The Medical First Responder course provides students with foundational knowledge and practical skills necessary to effectively respond to medical emergencies in pre-hospital settings. This course covers the principles of emergency care, patient assessment, airway management, CPR, basic trauma care, and the use of automated external defibrillators (AEDs). Students will also learn about legal and ethical considerations, scene safety, and communication with patients and emergency medical services. Through a combination of lectures, simulations, and hands-on practice, participants are prepared to offer critical, life-saving interventions during the crucial minutes before advanced medical care arrives.
Recommended Textbook
Prehospital Emergency Care 10th Edition by Joseph J. Mistovich
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48 Chapters
2835 Verified Questions
2835 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: Emergency Medical Care Systems, Research, and Public Health
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42 Verified Questions
42 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/42685
Sample Questions
Q1) Before contacting medical direction for authorization to assist a shortness of breath patient with his or her metered-dose inhaler, protocols state that the EMT must first attempt to provide relief by administering oxygen. You recognize that the administration of oxygen is best described as a(n):
A) standing order.
B) on-line medical direction.
C) direct permission.
D) quality improvement.
Answer: A
Q2) You have been dispatched for a 61-year-old female in cardiac arrest. Emergency Medical Responders (EMRs) are on scene. In your community all EMS practitioners are trained according to the National EMS Scope of Practice Model. Which one of the following do you expect the EMRs to be providing?
A) Emergency medication administration
B) Automated external defibrillation
C) Intravenous (IV) therapy
D) Reading an electrocardiogram (ECG)
Answer: B
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Chapter 2: Workforce Safety and Wellness of the Emt
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56 Verified Questions
56 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) A distraught husband awoke to find his 26-year-old wife not breathing and cold to the touch. Since your assessment indicates that the woman has been dead for some time, you contact medical direction for authorization to withhold emergency care. The medical director agrees and the coroner is notified. At this time, your immediate responsibility is:
A) establishing the time of death.
B) preparing for the next call.
C) determining the cause of death.
D) providing supportive care to the husband.
Answer: D
Q2) You are the first to arrive on the scene of a motor vehicle collision. The scene size-up reveals a tanker truck on its side with an unresponsive driver in the cab. Multiple bystanders are around the cab waving for you to come over and help the driver. Your immediate action should be to:
A) order the bystanders away from the truck.
B) determine what material the truck is carrying.
C) assess and extricate the patient.
D) make certain the tanker is not leaking.
Answer: A
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Page 4
Chapter 3: Medical, Legal, and Ethical Issues
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60 Verified Questions
60 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) You have been called for a 96-year-old female with altered mental status. On scene the patient is unresponsive, not breathing, and pulseless. Family provides you with a valid DNR order. Which of the following signs would you document as a presumptive sign of her death?
A) Closed eyes
B) Poor or weak reflexes
C) Dilated pupils
D) Absent blood pressure
Answer: D
Q2) During orientation, an EMT is told that by the nature of his employment, he is covered by sovereign immunity. Based on this statement, the EMT must:
A) be immune from claims of negligence.
B) work for a public EMS agency.
C) work for a non-profit, privately owned hospital.
D) provide services for a volunteer EMS agency.
Answer: B
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5
Available
Chapter 4: Documentation
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44 Verified Questions
44 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Your protocol reads: "O via NC prn if asymptomatic for CP / SOB and SpO >97%." To follow this order, you should do which one of the following?
A) Call medical command to administer oxygen if the pulse oximeter reading is above 97%.
B) Consider oxygen for a patient complaining of a runny nose and SpO at 98%.
C) Administer oxygen via face mask if the patient denies a complaint and has a pulse oximeter reading of 98%.
D) Administer oxygen through a nasal cannula at three liters per minute if the pulse oximeter reads 96%.
Q2) After a patient, who is short of breath, signs a refusal of service, which one of the following statements would be appropriate prior to leaving the residence?
A) "We will leave this oxygen for you; call us when you feel better."
B) "Try taking an aspirin and get a good night's rest; you will probably feel better."
C) "Call our dispatch in the morning to let us know how you made out."
D) "If you change your mind and want to be transported to the hospital, call 911."
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6
Chapter 5: Communication
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42 Verified Questions
42 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) While you are returning from lunch, a frantic woman flags you down and states that she just found a young child on the roadside who appears to have been hit by a car. She is not sure if the child is breathing. You should immediately:
A) grab equipment and get to the child's location.
B) advise dispatch that you have been flagged down for a possible emergency.
C) call for paramedic assistance and await their arrival.
D) inform the woman that she will need to calm down.
Q2) You have arrived by the side of an 82-year-old male complaining of generalized weakness. After introducing yourself, he states, "My name is Edward Burns, but everyone calls me Eddy." Which of the following is your most appropriate response?
A) "Alright Eddy, let's see what is going on with you."
B) "Okay, Edward. We need to know what hospital you want to go to."
C) "Alright, Mr. Burns. Is it okay if we get your blood pressure?"
D) "Do you want us to call you Eddy as well?"
Q3) Which one of the following is an open-ended question?
A) "Can you describe the pain to me?"
B) "What time did the pain begin?"
C) "Did you get sweaty when the pain started?"
D) "Who is your primary care physician?"
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Page 7
Chapter 6: Lifting and Moving Patients
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37 Verified Questions
37 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) You are trying to convince the equipment committee to purchase a hydraulic power stretcher. When discussing advantages over a more traditional stretcher, what would you emphasize?
A) It is considered much safer for transporting a child car seat.
B) It is much lighter, more durable, and easier to maneuver.
C) It will be easier to lift and lower when it is loaded with a patient.
D) It enables one EMT to safely move the stretcher, freeing another for patient care.
Q2) When transferring a patient from a bed to a wheeled stretcher, an EMT uses proper body mechanics when he or she:
A) primarily uses the muscles of his back to move the patient.
B) aligns his shoulder, hips, and feet when moving the patient.
C) transfers the patient to the stretcher all at once, not in stages.
D) keeps his arms locked and the patient away from his body during the transfer.
Q3) The EMT would perform an urgent move when the:
A) patient exhibits no problems with the airway, breathing, or circulation.
B) patient is suffering from an immediate threat to life.
C) scene contains an immediate threat to the patient and EMT.
D) patient is stable but suffering from pain.
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Chapter 7: Anatomy, Physiology, and Medical Terminology
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86 Verified Questions
86 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The segment of the spinal column that forms the posterior pelvis is the:
A) thoracic spine.
B) cervical vertebrae.
C) lumbar segment.
D) sacral vertebrae.
Q2) A patient with bronchitis is suffering from:
A) fluid in the trachea and bronchioles.
B) infection of the alveoli.
C) inflammation of the bronchioles.
D) accumulation of mucus in the trachea.
Q3) You are assessing a patient who informs you that her body abnormally forms blood clots, even when they are not needed to stop bleeding. Which one of the following conditions should you expect the patient to have?
A) Low red blood cell numbers
B) High white blood cell counts
C) Decreased clotting factors
D) Elevated number of platelets
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Chapter 8: Pathophysiology
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74 Verified Questions
74 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) A patient with asthma is extremely short of breath and hypoxic. Related to the ventilation/perfusion ratio (V/Q), the EMT would recognize the problem lying in:
A) inadequate oxygen in the alveoli.
B) decreased cardiac output to circulate oxygen.
C) inadequate oxygen in the ambient air.
D) decreased blood volume to carry oxygen.
Q2) A patient who has lost 1 liter of blood is conscious with a patent airway, but his extremities are pale and cold to the touch. Vital signs are pulse 130, respirations are 22 and adequate, blood pressure is 74/56, and SpO is 95% on room air. Which one of the following is most needed by this patient to increase perfusion to the cells?
A) Increased blood pressure by giving IV fluids
B) Administration of oxygen
C) Increased number of red blood cells and plasma volume
D) Keeping the patient warm
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Chapter 9: Life Span Development
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34 Verified Questions
34 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Puberty is best described as:
A) maturation of the sexual organs.
B) a milestone developmental stage in school-aged children.
C) a two- to three-year growth spurt in adolescents.
D) a developmental stage that occurs earlier in males than in females.
Q2) The average years of life remaining based on an individual's date of birth is called:
A) life span development.
B) maximum life span.
C) life expectancy.
D) physiological expectancy.
Q3) You are assessing a 4-year-old with a fever and cough. The child is very calm and receptive to your presence. Which of the following actions would be most appropriate?
A) Ask the mother to leave until the assessment is complete.
B) Take the child to the ambulance for assessment.
C) Have the mother remain with him for the assessment.
D) Refrain from touching the patient until in the ambulance.
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Chapter 10: Airway Management, Artificial Ventilation, and Oxygenation
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120 Verified Questions
120 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The EMT recognizes a late sign of hypoxia when he observes:
A) restlessness and agitation.
B) elevation in blood pressure.
C) cyanosis in the fingers.
D) complaint of a headache.
Q2) Which one of the following statements shows that the EMT knows how to properly size an oral airway prior to placement?
A) "It is better to have an oral airway that is too large, rather than one that is too small."
B) "To select an appropriately sized oral airway, you must estimate the patient's height and weight."
C) "The airway should approximate the distance from the front teeth to the angle of the jaw."
D) "An appropriately sized oral airway can be selected by looking in the patient's mouth and estimating the length of the tongue."
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Chapter 11: Baseline Vital Signs, Monitoring Devices, and History Taking
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123 Verified Questions
123 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which statement made by your partner indicates that he understands assessment of a patient's breathing?
A) "As long as the patient is breathing over 20 times a minute, he is getting enough oxygen in his body."
B) "If the respiratory rate is normal, the patient is breathing adequately and getting enough oxygen."
C) "A rate less than 8 may allow adequate breathing, but requires further evaluation and assessment."
D) "To determine if a patient is adequately breathing, the EMT must get a full set of vital signs."
Q2) The EMT is appropriately using the SAMPLE mnemonic when he asks which one of the following questions?
A) "Who is your doctor?"
B) "When did you eat last?"
C) "Have you thought about stopping smoking?"
D) "Why did you call for the ambulance?"
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13
Chapter 12: Scene Size-Up
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25 Verified Questions
25 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) You and your partner are first on the scene of a bleacher collapse at a local raceway. As you exit the ambulance, you note several patients seated throughout the debris from the seats. In this situation, which action would you perform first?
A) Determine the severity of injuries.
B) Wait for additional units to arrive.
C) Determine the number of patients.
D) Notify the local hospitals of a mass-casualty incident.
Q2) What is the most common potential hazard an EMT faces on scene?
A) Blood and body fluids
B) Aggressive patients
C) Upset family members
D) Unfamiliar settings
Q3) To best determine the type and extent of injuries sustained by a patient who has fallen, the EMT should consider which of the following pieces of information?
A) The reason that the patient fell
B) Distance fallen and type of surface landed on
C) The patient's past medical history
D) Vital signs obtained during the assessment
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Chapter 13: Patient Assessment
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104 Verified Questions
104 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The EMT determines the medications a patient takes during which phase of the patient assessment?
A) Primary assessment
B) OPQRST exam
C) Chief complaint
D) History
Q2) Forming the general impression is started during which phase of patient assessment?
A) Reassessment
B) Secondary assessment
C) Primary assessment
D) Care transfer in the emergency department
Q3) On scene you find a 91-year-old female who fell down two steps after suddenly complaining of a severe headache. She is unresponsive with gurgling respirations. What instruction should you immediately give your partner?
A) "Please perform the head-tilt, chin-lift to open the airway."
B) "Check her breathing and let me know the rate."
C) "Let's move her to the stretcher and get moving to the hospital."
D) "Get the suction out and clear out her airway."
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Chapter 14: Pharmacology Medication and Administration
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38 Verified Questions
38 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) What selection illustrates a generic drug name?
A) Albuterol
B) Advil
C) Aspirin
D) Acetylsalicylic acid
Q2) A patient with a history of diabetes is confused and irritable. According to family members, he accidentally took too much insulin this morning and did not eat breakfast. Since he is conscious with an intact gag reflex, medical command orders you to administer oral glucose. Which one of the following best represents the indication for the medication?
A) Medical command authorization
B) Confusion and irritability
C) History of diabetes
D) High blood sugar
Q3) Which medication is included in the EMT scope of practice?
A) Pepcid
B) Oxygen
C) 50% dextrose (D )
D) Benadryl
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Page 16
Chapter 15: Shock and Resuscitation
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89 Verified Questions
89 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) You have arrived at a residence where a 4-month-old baby was found in his crib in cardiac arrest. Emergency Medical Responders have been on scene for 5 minutes prior to arrival. They began CPR immediately on reaching the patient's side. You have an AED with adult pads with you, but not pediatric pads. After rechecking and confirming that the patient is in cardiac arrest, you would:
A) continue CPR and transfer to the stretcher for transport.
B) place the AED on the patient and follow all prompts.
C) continue CPR for 2 more minutes before placing the AED.
D) discuss with the parents if they want to proceed with use of the AED.
Q2) You are transporting a patient in cardiac arrest. The AED is being used and a shock has been advised. Prior to administering the shock, what should you do?
A) Ensure that no rescuer is touching the stretcher.
B) Move the patient from the metal stretcher to a nonmetal surface.
C) Withhold all shocks because metal will conduct the shock into the ambulance.
D) Stop the ambulance and have all rescuers exit prior to shocking with the AED.
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17
Chapter 16: Respiratory Emergencies
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85 Verified Questions
85 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Family directs you to a bedroom where a 62-year-old male is in respiratory distress. During the scene size-up, which of the following most strongly suggests that the patient suffers from a chronic respiratory disease?
A) Furnace turned on high with humidifier running
B) Bottles of aspirin and nitroglycerin on nightstand
C) Patient in chair in tripod position
D) Smell of cigarettes in house
Q2) While you are getting a medical history for a patient with generalized weakness and fatigue, she hands you a list of all the medications she is currently taking. Which one of the following medications should the EMT recognize as a bronchodilator?
A) Metaproterenol
B) Mucomyst
C) Prednisone
D) Metformin
Q3) Pursed lip breathing is most commonly observed on a patient who suffers from:
A) pneumonia.
B) croup.
C) upper airway obstruction.
D) COPD.
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Page 18
Chapter 17: Cardiovascular Emergencies
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106 Verified Questions
106 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) An obstruction of the pulmonary artery will cause:
A) backup of blood in the right side of the heart.
B) increased blood flow through the aorta.
C) backup of blood in the left side of the heart.
D) increased blood flow through the vena cava.
Q2) The sympathetic nervous system will cause the heart to:
A) increase in size.
B) increase the heart rate.
C) decrease automaticity.
D) decrease in rate.
Q3) Your patient is a 67-year-old male who has chest pain. After assisting with his nitroglycerin, his chest pain remains 7 out of 10 and he is still diaphoretic. His vital signs are: pulse 72 beats per minute, respirations 18 per minute and adequate, blood pressure 82/60 mmHg, and SpO at 97% on 2 liters per minute of oxygen. To the present, the patient has taken two nitroglycerin tablets. You should:
A) administer a third nitroglycerin tablet.
B) increase the oxygen to 4 lpm.
C) administer half of a nitro tablet.
D) transfer him to the stretcher and transport.
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Page 19
Chapter 18: Altered Mental Status, Stroke, and Headache
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63 Verified Questions
63 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) A male patient suddenly found himself unable to talk and with profound weakness to his right arm and leg. Currently he is responsive to verbal stimuli and has the following vital signs: pulse 88, respirations 14 and adequate, and blood pressure 210/80. When transporting this patient to the hospital, what position should you place him?
A) Immobilized to a long board
B) Left lateral recumbent
C) Prone with head elevated
D) Supine with feet elevated
Q2) According to the Cincinnati Prehospital Stroke Scale, which of the following must be assessed?
A) Blood glucose level
B) Facial droop
C) Time of symptom onset
D) Age of the patient
Q3) For altered mental status to occur, what body system must be affected?
A) Cardiovascular
B) Respiratory
C) Central nervous
D) Endocrine
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Chapter 19: Seizures and Syncope
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57 Verified Questions
57 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) You have been called to a public bus station for a behavioral emergency. On scene you find a disheveled male in his forties sitting up against a wall. He is confused and incontinent. Bystanders state that he suddenly began to stumble around, shouting obscenities, and then fell to the ground spitting and shaking. From this description, the EMT should be suspicious of what condition?
A) Generalized seizure
B) Alcohol intoxication
C) Absence seizure
D) Syncopal episode
Q2) As you approach a female patient, she appears unresponsive with her arms and legs jerking violently. On the prehospital care report, you would document that the patient was found in what phase of a generalized seizure?
A) Tonic
B) Absence
C) Syncopal
D) Clonic
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Chapter 20: Acute Diabetic Emergencies
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64 Verified Questions
64 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) To which one of the following patients would the EMT administer oral glucose?
A) Alert and oriented 32-year-old female with a blood sugar of 52 and no history of diabetes
B) Confused 44-year-old male with a history of diabetes who is able to swallow
C) An unresponsive 24-year-old male with a blood sugar of 24 and history of diabetes
D) A confused male patient with a blood sugar reading of 96 and history of diabetes
Q2) You are reviewing a prehospital care report for a patient with altered mental status that occurred after he took too much insulin. Based on this information, you should assume that at the time of EMS contact, the patient's blood sugar level was probably:
A) high.
B) low.
C) normal.
D) concentrated.
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22
Chapter 21: Anaphylactic Reactions
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Sample Questions
Q1) You have just assisted a patient with his epinephrine auto-injector. The patient states that he has never taken epinephrine before. You would inform him of which one of the following?
A) "The epinephrine may make you drowsy, so just close your eyes."
B) "Be prepared to feel dizzy and nauseated. These are common when taking epinephrine."
C) "You may feel a little shaky, but that is normal and will pass."
D) "If you pass out, that is normal. I will just give you some oxygen if that happens."
Q2) A patient has just taken her first dose of Zocor for her high cholesterol. Within minutes, she begins to develop hives, shortness of breath, and low blood pressure. In this case, the EMT would recognize a/an:
A) sensitized immune response.
B) anaphylaxis.
C) hypersensitivity reaction.
D) anaphylactoid reaction.
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23
Chapter 22: Toxicologic Emergencies
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Sample Questions
Q1) You have been called for a young female who overdosed on several drugs. Which of the following is it most essential that the EMT perform while caring for this patient?
A) Identify and correct loss of vital function.
B) Identify the drug(s) and amount taken.
C) Determine if she has a history of drug abuse.
D) Identify medical conditions that may be worsened by the drug(s).
Q2) At the scene of an industrial accident, you are presented with a male patient who was exposed to a powerful pesticide in powder form. The patient states that he was moving sacks of the pesticide when one broke open. In the process, his face and arms were covered with the powder. At the present time, he is complaining of difficulty breathing and burning of his skin on his face and arms. You note that some of the pesticide still remains on these areas of the body. Your first action in caring for this patient would be to:
A) apply oxygen through a nonrebreather mask.
B) brush off the remaining pesticide.
C) flush the pesticide with copious amounts of water.
D) obtain vital signs and medical history.
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Page 24
Chapter 23: Abdominal, Hematologic, Gynecologic,
Genitourinary, and Renal Emergencies
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Sample Questions
Q1) A 23-year-old male has extreme pain in his left lower groin with a protruding mass noted in the same area. In discussing the patient with your partner, which of the following statements would be accurate?
A) "I am worried about an abdominal aneurysm; we should palpate gently."
B) "I don't think that the mass is related to his pain since it is not pulsating."
C) "Are you thinking appendicitis since he does have a low grade fever?"
D) "He really needs to be evaluated; he could end up with an obstruction."
Q2) If a patient has a retroperitoneal infection, what organ could be involved?
A) Bladder
B) Kidney
C) Gallbladder
D) Small intestine
Q3) Which of the following describes a female patient with a problem to her urinary system?
A) Infection of the fallopian tubes
B) Swelling of the ureter
C) Damage to the vaginal canal
D) Cancerous lesion to the ovary
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Chapter 24: Environmental Emergencies
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Sample Questions
Q1) You are called for an elderly woman who has slipped on the ice. On arrival you find her supine on an icy sidewalk and responsive to painful stimuli with decorticate posturing (flexion). She has blood coming from a laceration on the back of her head and is breathing agonally at 4 times a minute. Which one of the following should you do immediately?
A) Start positive pressure ventilation.
B) Insert a nasal airway.
C) Perform the jaw-thrust airway maneuver.
D) Remove the patient to the warm ambulance.
Q2) You are first to arrive at the side of a pond where a boy playing hockey has fallen through the ice. He is holding onto the ice at the edge of the break and has a distressed look on his face. Your immediate action would be to:
A) carefully slide on your abdomen out to the patient.
B) instruct the patient to remain still until the rescue team arrives.
C) tell the patient to keep moving to keep warm.
D) place tarps on the ice and carefully walk out to the patient.
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Chapter 25: Submersion Incidents: Drowning and Diving Emergencies
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Sample Questions
Q1) Friends pulled an unresponsive 15-year-old male from a lake. They say they were swimming when they lost track of him. Assessment reveals labored breathing and a weak pulse. Which of the following questions would give the EMT the most information related to the prognosis of the patient?
A) "Does he have a history of breathing problems?"
B) "How long was he under the water?"
C) "Was he drinking or doing drugs?"
D) "Is there any chance he hit his head?"
Q2) A patient who was found face down in a pond is unresponsive, apneic, and pulseless. Friends state that the patient was hot and wanted to take a summer's swim in the pond. Which one of the following should be included in your care of this patient?
A) Hyperventilation with a bag-valve mask and high-concentration oxygen
B) Positive pressure ventilations at 10-12 per minute with oxygen
C) Position in a prone position to evacuate water from the lungs
D) Application of the AED with the delivery of no more than one shock
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Page 27
Chapter 26: Behavioral Emergencies
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Sample Questions
Q1) Given the research related to suicide, which one of the following patients should the EMT recognize as the highest risk for a suicidal action?
A) 22-year-old male who has just broken up with his girlfriend of six months
B) 18-year-old male who was just arrested for possession of marijuana
C) 72-year-old widow who was just informed of a diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease
D) 34-year-old male in and out of prison who was just convicted of receiving stolen property
Q2) You have been called to a residence for a complaint of chest pain. On scene you are met by the patient's husband who informs you that his wife suffers from anxiety attacks and that she received bad news tonight concerning her mother. This increased her anxiety, and now she just needs to calm down. He states that her doctor said the chest pain she gets is just a temporary response to the anxiety. Assessment of the 46-year-old woman reveals her to be extremely anxious and complaining of chest pain. In treating this patient, the EMT should first:
A) attach the AED.
B) administer nitroglycerin.
C) contact medical direction.
D) check vital signs.
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28
Chapter 27: Trauma Overview: the Trauma Patient and the Trauma System
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
41 Verified Questions
41 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/42711
Sample Questions
Q1) You arrive on the scene of a motorcycle accident and find an unresponsive male patient lying in the middle of the road with blood coming from his ears and nose. He was not wearing a helmet and has snoring respirations. Which of the following would be most appropriate in the care of this patient?
A) Primary assessment, airway management, oxygen administration, immobilization, transport within 10 minutes of arriving on scene
B) Primary assessment, oxygen administration, transfer to stretcher, transport within 5 minutes of arriving on scene with immobilization done enroute
C) Immobilization, transfer to the ambulance with all assessment and care done enroute to the hospital with total scene time of 7 minutes
D) Primary assessment, immobilization, transfer to the ambulance after 8 minutes of scene time, all other care provided en route
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Chapter 28: Bleeding and Soft Tissue Trauma
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74 Verified Questions
74 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/42712
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following signs and symptoms of shock will be observed last?
A) Tachycardia
B) Increased respirations
C) Decreased blood pressure
D) Pale and diaphoretic skin
Q2) A 24-year-old male has cut his arm with a table saw. Assessment reveals dark red blood flowing steadily from the laceration. As an EMT, you would identify this bleeding as: A) arterial.
B) capillary.
C) venous.
D) lymphatic.
Q3) You believe that a patient who has been shot in the lower abdomen is bleeding internally and is in an early stage of shock. Which one of the following shows appropriate prehospital care of this patient?
A) Semi-Fowler's position and direct pressure over the injury site
B) Supine position and administration of water by mouth
C) Oxygen therapy and rapid transport to the hospital
D) Oxygen therapy and cold packs to the abdomen
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Chapter 29: Burns
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45 Verified Questions
45 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/42713
Sample Questions
Q1) Which statement made by the EMT indicates an understanding of calculating the body surface area (BSA) burned?
A) "The BSA can be quickly estimated before evaluating the status of the airway and breathing."
B) "Determining the BSA is an estimation and should never delay transport of the burn patient to the hospital."
C) "It is important to get an accurate estimation of the BSA burned since this will affect the care provided by the EMT."
D) "It is better to underestimate the BSA of a burn patient rather than overestimate the BSA."
Q2) A male patient was injured when a steam valve opened, causing hot steam to contact his face. Which one of the following statements made by the patient would be of most concern to the EMT and require immediate assessment or treatment?
A) "I think the blisters are breaking."
B) "The pain is excruciating!"
C) "It is sort of hard to breathe."
D) "I think my neck is also burned."
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Chapter 30: Musculoskeletal Trauma and Nontraumatic
Fractures
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45 Verified Questions
45 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/42714
Sample Questions
Q1) Which one of the following statements about compartment syndrome is true?
A) "It can be treated in the prehospital setting by applying warm packs and elevating the extremity."
B) "It is commonly associated with bone fractures and can result in hemorrhagic shock if not treated."
C) "It describes swelling in the tissues that can result in the loss of an extremity."
D) "It is a life-threatening condition that will lead to death if not recognized and treated."
Q2) A patient you transported several days ago stops by your station to thank you. He reports that he was diagnosed with a strain to the lower right leg. As such, you recognize what structure as being affected by that injury?
A) Joint
B) Ligament
C) Muscle
D) Bone
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Chapter 31: Head Trauma
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57 Verified Questions
57 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/42715
Sample Questions
Q1) At a construction site, an 18-year-old male was struck in the head by a pallet of concrete blocks as it was being moved by a crane. He has a large laceration to the left side of his head with noted instability to the skull beneath the wound. Moderate bleeding from the injury site is also noted. His airway is open, his breathing is adequate, and his pulse is strong and regular. Proper care for this patient should include:
A) hyperventilation with high-concentration oxygen.
B) direct pressure to control bleeding from injury.
C) rapid transport in an upright position.
D) loose dressing over the top of the laceration.
Q2) A 57-year-old man fell on the sidewalk, hitting his head on the concrete. According to witnesses, the patient was unresponsive for several minutes following the fall. Which one of the following would be most critical to relay to the physician in the emergency department?
A) Knee replacement two years ago
B) History of alcoholism
C) Position in which the patient was found
D) History of depression
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Page 33
Chapter 32: Spinal Column and Spinal Cord Trauma
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59 Verified Questions
59 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/42716
Sample Questions
Q1) An elderly patient has fallen down a flight of stairs and is complaining of neck and back pain as well as weakness to both legs. The primary assessment reveals no life threats to the airway, breathing, or circulation. Manual in-line spinal stabilization is being maintained. Which of the following would the EMT do next?
A) Apply high-concentration oxygen and move to the stretcher for transport.
B) Complete the secondary assessment looking for injuries.
C) Place an oral airway and begin positive pressure ventilation.
D) Place a cervical collar and immobilize to the long spine board.
Q2) You have been called for a patient with severe back pain. When obtaining a medical history, he tells you that he has a history of damaged disks in his vertebrae. As a knowledgeable EMT, you should recognize that the:
A) ligaments on the side of the spinal column were overstretched.
B) vertebrae making up the spinal column were fractured.
C) nerves making up the spinal cord have been damaged.
D) fluid-filled structures between the vertebrae have been injured.
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34
Chapter 33: Eye, Face, and Neck Trauma
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41 Verified Questions
41 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/42717
Sample Questions
Q1) A construction worker has been shot with a nail gun, resulting in a long nail going through his cheek and firmly embedding into the lower gum and jaw. There is considerable blood in his mouth and he is in excruciating pain. Given this scenario, which of the following would be your first priority?
A) Removing the nail
B) Suctioning the airway
C) Applying oxygen
D) Placing a cervical collar
Q2) A 36-year-old male patient was involved in an altercation with a knife and has suffered a 2-inch laceration to the right side of the neck. Bleeding was controlled prior to your arrival by Emergency Medical Responders. Your paramedic partner has asked you to apply an occlusive dressing to the wound. You recognize that the primary benefit of the action is to:
A) prevent the cervical collar from touching the wound.
B) control the bleeding from large blood vessels.
C) prevent air entry into the circulatory system.
D) promote clot formation in order to stop bleeding.
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Page 35
Chapter 34: Chest Trauma
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42 Verified Questions
42 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/42718
Sample Questions
Q1) You have applied a nonporous dressing to a stab wound on a patient's chest. The Emergency Medical Responder assisting you asks you why the dressing was taped on three sides and not all four. Your best response is that taping the dressing on three sides: A) permits oxygen to still enter the lungs.
B) allows trapped air to escape on exhalation.
C) causes less pain for the patient.
D) decreases the chance of air entering the chest on exhalation.
Q2) A young boy has an open chest wound to the left lateral area after falling off of his bike onto a metal spike in the ground. His family is present and very upset and crying. As an EMT, you recognize that in this situation, your primary focus is:
A) controlling pain.
B) maintaining oxygenation.
C) providing emotional support.
D) preventing potential wound infection.
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36
Chapter 35: Abdominal and Genitourinary Trauma
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34 Verified Questions
34 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/42719
Sample Questions
Q1) You have arrived on the scene of a stabbing. As you approach the patient, you note that he has removed his shirt and has a single stab wound to the right lower quadrant of the abdomen. At the patient's side, your first action should be to:
A) cover the wound with a nonporous dressing.
B) examine the patient's airway.
C) quickly look for additional stab wounds.
D) provide oxygen via nonrebreather face mask.
Q2) While cleaning a window, the glass broke and a sharp piece sliced the groin of a 43-year-old man. Assessment shows him to have a large laceration to his left scrotum, with a testicle exposed and protruding through the sac. Blood is pouring from the laceration and the patient rates the pain as an 8/10. Which of the following should be done first?
A) Apply direct pressure to the injury.
B) Provide oxygen at 15 liters per minute.
C) Call for advanced life support assistance.
D) Cover the exposed testicle with moist dressing.
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Chapter 36: Multisystem Trauma and Trauma in Special Patient Populations
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47 Verified Questions
47 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/42720
Sample Questions
Q1) How would you tell a pregnant woman to restrain herself when traveling in a car?
A) Wear all seat belts normally, as you would if not pregnant.
B) Use the shoulder restraint but not the lap belt to prevent abdominal injury.
C) Avoid the belt system as long as your car has front and side air bags in place.
D) The lap belt by itself should be adequate, as long as the car is equipped with air bags.
Q2) You are transporting an elderly female who fell in a nursing home and displays outward rotation of her left leg. She has a lengthy medical history, including dementia. Currently, she is very quiet and receiving oxygen through a nasal cannula at 6 liters per minute. She also is immobilized to a long spine board. During your reassessment, you note her to be alert but confused, with slightly accelerated respirations and a strong radial pulse. You also note that her SpO has dropped from 97% on scene to 91%. You should:
A) perform a head-tilt, chin-lift maneuver.
B) request ALS assistance.
C) apply a nonrebreather.
D) start positive pressure ventilation.
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Chapter 37: Obstetrics and Care of the Newborn
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91 Verified Questions
91 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/42721
Sample Questions
Q1) You have been dispatched to a residence for a female patient who is dizzy and "passing out." An Emergency Medical Responder meets you at the door and reports that the patient is lying in bed and is nine months pregnant. Her pulse rate is 112 and her blood pressure is 84/50 mmHg. Respirations are 24 per minute and she has a room air pulse oximetry reading of 97%. Which one of the following should you do as soon as you reach the patient's side?
A) Recheck the blood pressure.
B) Roll her onto her side.
C) Determine any complications of the pregnancy.
D) Start positive pressure ventilation.
Q2) Which of the following lists the stages of labor in the order in which they occur?
A) Uterine, delivery, and recovery
B) Dilation, expulsion, and placental
C) Uterine, expulsion, placental, and recovery
D) Dilation, delivery, placental, and afterbirth
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Chapter 38: Pediatrics
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100 Verified Questions
100 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/42722
Sample Questions
Q1) When you are assessing a 9-month-old boy who had a fever for the past two days, which of the following assessment findings would most strongly suggest that the fever has caused dehydration?
A) Palpation of the anterior fontanelle reveals it to be bulging.
B) The heart rate is at the high end of the normal range.
C) Respirations are labored and rapid.
D) The mother informs you that the baby is wetting very few diapers.
Q2) An extremely high fever in a 2-month-old infant should be considered what medical emergency until known otherwise?
A) Bacterial pneumonia
B) Cerebral abscess
C) Viral bronchitis
D) Meningitis
Q3) Which of the following would be the most appropriate instructions to give to another EMT concerning the ventilation of an unresponsive and apneic 3-year-old boy?
A) "Let's ventilate him at a rate of 24 breaths a minute."
B) "Make sure to give each ventilation over 2 seconds."
C) "Deliver one breath every 3 seconds."
D) "Do not administer cricoid pressure since it is contraindicated."
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Page 40
Chapter 39: Geriatrics
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58 Verified Questions
58 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/42723
Sample Questions
Q1) You have been called for an unknown medical emergency. On scene you are presented with an 84-year-old patient who is confused and does not obey commands. The best means of determining the patient's normal mental status would be to:
A) examine the patient's pupils.
B) question family members.
C) look at the patient's medications.
D) check the patient's vital signs.
Q2) An 81-year-old female called 911 when she suddenly lost vision in her right eye. Based on this description, the EMT should be suspicious of:
A) cataracts.
B) glaucoma.
C) macular degeneration.
D) retinal detachment.
Q3) Ageism would occur when the EMT:
A) asks all geriatric males if they remember World War II.
B) asks family members for medical information when the patient is confused.
C) does not attempt to assess combative elderly patients with dementia.
D) disregards an advance directive when a geriatric patient requests you to do so.
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Chapter 40: Patients With Special Challenges
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66 Verified Questions
66 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/42724
Sample Questions
Q1) A patient with quadriplegia most likely suffered an injury to his:
A) brain.
B) thoracic spine.
C) arms and legs.
D) cervical spine.
Q2) A skilled nursing facility has called you for a patient who has a problem with his intraventricular shunt. The patient is a 21-year-old man who was born with hydrocephalus and had the shunt placed shortly after. When assessing the patient, which sign would raise your suspicion that the shunt is occluded?
A) Blood pressure of 210/126 mmHg
B) Temperature of 101.4 F
C) Heart rate of 140 beats per minute
D) Complaint of nausea
Q3) Hospice care indicates that a patient is:
A) terminally ill and foregoing any additional care.
B) terminally ill and receiving measures to increase comfort.
C) terminally ill and but receiving care to reverse the disease process.
D) terminally ill but without a Do Not Resuscitate order.
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Chapter 41: The Combat Veteran
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23 Verified Questions
23 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/42725
Sample Questions
Q1) When caring for a 34-year-old male with a history of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), which of the following instructions to your crew would be most appropriate?
A) "We must remove family members from around him."
B) "We need to determine if he feels suicidal or homicidal."
C) "We need to determine if he has ever killed anyone."
D) "We need to determine if he remembers the event that caused the PTSD."
Q2) The signature wound of recent combat missions in the Middle East is typically caused by:
A) high-powered guns.
B) post-traumatic stress disorder.
C) aerial bombings.
D) improvised explosive devices.
Q3) During scene size-up on an unknown medical call, which clue would best indicate that the patient very well may be a veteran of the military?
A) Psych medications on nightstand
B) Military style haircut
C) Vintage guns on display in the living room
D) Collection of war movie DVDs
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Chapter 42: Ambulance Operations and Air Medical Response
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30 Verified Questions
30 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/42726
Sample Questions
Q1) You are responding to a possible pediatric overdose. It is raining and suddenly the ambulance starts to hydroplane. Your immediate action should be to:
A) firmly apply the brakes while holding the steering wheel straight.
B) turn the steering wheel from side to side to get down through the water.
C) increase speed, and then quickly apply the brakes.
D) gently pump the brakes and decrease pressure on the accelerator pedal.
Q2) The EMT recognizes that preventive mechanical maintenance performed regularly on the ambulance results in:
A) cleaner ambulances.
B) fully stocked ambulances.
C) more knowledgeable EMTs.
D) safer patient transports.
Q3) You are on the scene of a motor vehicle collision and must look for an area to land a medical helicopter. As such, what would be best?
A) Flat sloped square area 40 × 40 feet free of debris
B) Small flat concrete lot with light posts on all sides
C) Level and well-maintained parking lot that remains half-filled with cars
D) Open field that is level, but 250 feet from the accident
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Chapter 43: Gaining Access and Patient Extrication
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21 Verified Questions
21 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/42727
Sample Questions
Q1) You are on scene of a serious motor vehicle collision. As the officer in charge, which one of the following instructions for other rescuers is most appropriate?
A) "Let's make sure to put cones around the cars."
B) "We need to route passing traffic no more than 20 feet around the scene."
C) "Park the ambulance downhill to make movement of the patient easier."
D) "Let's stop all traffic and reroute it to alternative roadways."
Q2) You have just arrived on the scene of a motor vehicle collision where a car rolled several times at a high rate of speed. The car is on its wheels with the restrained driver still in his seat. After ensuring that the scene is safe and gaining access to the patient, which of the following should you do immediately?
A) Establish a plan to extricate the patient.
B) Remove pieces of broken glass from around the patient.
C) Cover the patient and force the door open.
D) Provide manual in-line spinal stabilization.
Q3) Which one of the following situations represents simple access to a patient?
A) Unlocking a car door by breaking the window using a screwdriver
B) Forcing entry into a house
C) Climbing stairs to gain access to a patient on a porch
D) Extrication of a patient from a car after removing one door
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Page 45
Chapter 44: Hazardous Materials
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20 Verified Questions
20 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/42728
Sample Questions
Q1) At the scene of a hazardous materials emergency, you have been assigned to the cold zone. In this zone, which one of the following activities will you be performing or assisting with?
A) Initial decontamination and triage
B) Rescue and initial decontamination
C) Removal of contaminated rescue gear
D) Triage, vital signs, and medical histories
Q2) You are the first emergency personnel on the scene of an overturned tanker truck. The driver appears motionless in the cab of the vehicle. You also note liquid leaking from the rear-valve assembly of the tanker. After properly positioning your ambulance, your immediate priority is to:
A) assess the driver for life-threatening conditions.
B) determine what chemical is contained in the tanker.
C) evacuate people from cars near the tanker.
D) take manual in-line spinal stabilization on the driver.
Q3) When working in the "warm" zone, the EMT must remember that:
A) contamination is no longer a threat.
B) water used does not have to be contained.
C) protective gear must be worn.
D) patient care is not performed.
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Chapter 45: Multiple-Casualty Incidents and Incident Management
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29 Verified Questions
29 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/42729
Sample Questions
Q1) You are teaching a group of EMTs about multiple-casualty incidents and the Incident Command System (ICS). Which one of the following statements about ICS is true?
A) Each EMS agency can use its own codes and terms.
B) There is a separate commander for EMS, fire, and law enforcement.
C) Each individual responder is accountable to two supervisors.
D) Plain English is used for all communications.
Q2) You have responded to a bar for a fight involving approximately 20 patrons. Weapons were used and all the patrons have varying degrees and types of injuries. You are in charge of triage and must use the Simple Triage and Rapid Transport (START) system. You find a young person lying on the floor with blood covering his shirt. Quick assessment reveals him to be breathing at 24 times per minute. Which one of the following should you do next?
A) Start positive pressure ventilation.
B) Check for a radial pulse.
C) Determine the mental status.
D) Place a yellow tag on his wrist.
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Chapter 46: Ems Response to Terrorism Involving Weapons
of Mass Destruction
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27 Verified Questions
27 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/42730
Sample Questions
Q1) You are participating in a training exercise for an attack by a weapon of mass destruction involving the release of a nerve agent. In the triage area, you are presented with a patient who responds to painful stimuli and has an open airway. He is breathing 8 times a minute and has a weak radial pulse. He is wheezing and has pinpoint pupils. In his pocket is located a metered-dose inhaler containing albuterol. When caring for this patient, you should first:
A) administer positive pressure ventilation.
B) obtain vital signs, including the temperature.
C) administer albuterol with the metered-dose inhaler.
D) look for an injury causing shock.
Q2) Your service has acquired the antidote for a nerve agent attack. As such, you realize that it will be given by what route?
A) Inhalation
B) Oral
C) Injection
D) Topical
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Chapter 47: ALS-Assist Skills
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45 Verified Questions
45 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/42731
Sample Questions
Q1) Which one of the following is not a common lead configuration for obtaining an ECG tracing on a patient?
A) 3-lead
B) 4-lead
C) 8-lead
D) 12-lead
Q2) A paramedic states that he is going to decrease the amount of IV fluid that the patient is currently receiving. You would anticipate him:
A) switching to a smaller bag of IV fluid.
B) changing the position of the flow regulator.
C) changing to a 10 gtt/mL administration set.
D) reinserting a smaller IV catheter.
Q3) A paramedic is preparing to give a pain medication intravenously. You would expect him to administer the medication through what component of the IV setup?
A) Hub connector
B) Flow regulator
C) Needleless injection port
D) Spike
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49
Chapter 48: Advanced Airway Management
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49 Verified Questions
49 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/42732
Sample Questions
Q1) Why is a laryngoscope blade used when placing an endotracheal tube?
A) To guide the endotracheal tube into the esophagus
B) To provide visualization of the vocal cords
C) To keep the airway open during the intubation attempt
D) To determine if the patient has a gag reflex
Q2) When intubating a patient, you note a leaf-shaped structure that covers the opening of the larynx. You recognize that it is which one of the following structures?
A) Esophagus
B) Vallecula
C) Cricoid cartilage
D) Epiglottis
Q3) During an intubation attempt, you can see the patient's vocal cords, but you are having a difficult time directing the endotracheal tube upward and through them. Which of the following pieces of equipment would be beneficial?
A) Stylet
B) Curved laryngoscope blade
C) Flashlight
D) Murphy eye
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