Maternal and Child Nutrition Study Guide Questions
Course Introduction
Maternal and Child Nutrition explores the fundamental principles and practices related to the nutritional needs of women during preconception, pregnancy, lactation, and children from infancy through adolescence. This course examines the physiological changes, nutrient requirements, and dietary recommendations essential for optimal maternal and child health, with a focus on the impact of nutrition on growth, development, and the prevention of malnutrition and disease. Students will also analyze global and local challenges in maternal and child nutrition, assess interventions, and consider the role of public health policies, cultural influences, and community programs in improving nutritional outcomes for mothers and children.
Recommended Textbook
Community Nutrition in Action An Entrepreneurial Approach 6th Edition by Marie A. Boyle
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20 Chapters
1448 Verified Questions
1448 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: Opportunities in Community Nutrition
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71 Verified Questions
71 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Is Mary's job an example of a public health nutritionist or community nutritionist? Explain.
Answer: Mary is a public health nutritionist as she works for a government program.
Q2) Which of the Healthy People 2020 objectives might Mary be most interested in reviewing?
Answer: Those objectives related to breastfeeding,healthy pregnancies,and the health and well-being of children,and perhaps those related to health disparities among low-income families.
Q3) Policy defines what governments and organizations intend to accomplish through their laws,regulations,and programs.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q4) An entrepreneur is someone who undertakes the risk of a business venture.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Chapter 2: Assessing Community Resources
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74 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following would not be an appropriate purpose for a community needs assessment?
A) Determine whether existing resources and programs meet the community's nutritional needs.
B) Identify groups within the community who are at risk nutritionally.
C) Tailor a program to a specific population.
D) Evaluate the level of power held by the community government officials.
Answer: D
Q2) Census data typically describe all of the following characteristics of a community except:
A) age distributions.
B) sex distributions.
C) labor force characteristics.
D) number and location of grocery stores and supermarkets.
Answer: D
Q3) Draft a goal and objective for the needs assessment.
Answer: Answers will vary.An example follows:
Goal:To determine whether a substance abuse education program for older adults within the identified community is necessary.
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Page 4
Chapter 3: Assessing the Target Populations ?Nutritional Status
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78 Verified Questions
78 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Low socioeconomic status is linked with high prevalence rates of chronic conditions,reduced access to medical care,high stress levels,and poor outcomes following treatment.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) Has this population experienced a significant reduction in serum albumin?
A)anthropometric
B)laboratory
C)clinical
D)dietary
E)community conditions
Answer: B
Q3) Which of the following is not a characteristic of screening efforts?
A) Screens tend to be safe, simple, and inexpensive to administer.
B) Screens can only be administered by medical doctors or nurses.
C) Screens occur in both the clinical and community settings.
D) There are many acceptable screening tools available for use.
Answer: B
Page 5
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Chapter 4: Program Planning for Success
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Sample Questions
Q1) A _____ analysis examines the program outcomes in terms of money saved or reduced costs.
A) cost-benefit
B) cost-effectiveness
C) cost-overload
D) none of these
Q2) Program evaluation assists community nutritionists in determining whether they are progressing toward their initial goals,and whether these goals are still appropriate.
A)True
B)False
Q3) List the four steps of the nutrition care process.
Q4) The _____ provides the foundation for linking the components of nutrition assessment,intervention,and monitoring and evaluation.
A) nutrition diagnosis statement
B) nutrition intervention strategy
C) standardized language
D) PES statement
Q5) What are the four components of a well-written objective? Why is each component important?
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Chapter 5: Principles of Epidemiology
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63 Verified Questions
63 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) What role might the community nutritionist play in this study?
Q2) The most rigorous evaluation of a dietary hypothesis is the A) case-control study.
B) randomized controlled trial.
C) cohort study.
D) cross-sectional study.
Q3) Figures pertaining to life events,such as births,deaths,and marriages,are known as A) cohorts.
B) vital statistics.
C) risk factors.
D) statistical inferences.
Q4) The incidence rate can be determined by _____ studies. A) incidence
B) cross-sectional
C) nutritional
D) cohort
Q5) Would a cohort study be appropriate to investigate your hypothesis? Why or why not?
Q6) Discuss two reasons why data collected may not be valid.
Page 7
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Chapter 6: The Art and Science of Policy Making
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69 Verified Questions
69 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which is not an entitlement?
A) Social Security benefits
B) Medicare benefits
C) Agricultural subsidies
D) Funding for elderly nutrition programs
Q2) In the United States,policy is formulated by which branch(es)of the federal government?
A) Executive
B) Judicial
C) Legislative
D) All of these
Q3) What is the most important time for constituent involvement in the legislative process?
A) Bill introduction
B) Committee stage
C) Floor stage
D) Subcommittee stage
Q4) What are some possible solutions to the problem? What phase of the policy-making process is this?
Q5) What is a political action committee (PAC)? Describe the purpose of PACs.
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Chapter 7: A National Nutrition Agenda for the Publics
Health
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62 Verified Questions
62 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) What do the nutrition survey results suggest about the nutritional status of Americans?
Q2) Food disappearance data represents the food that "disappears" into the marketplace and is available for human consumption.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Which of the following is not a health measurement taken during NHANES testing?
A) Bone density
B) Fitness test
C) Physician's exam
D) Protein in the urine
Q4) Explain the goals and purpose of the National Nutrition Monitoring and Related Research Program (NNMRRP).
Q5) The _____ has the responsibility for processing the dietary data derived from the food recalls within the What We Eat in America survey.
A) National Center for Health Statistics
B) Agricultural Research Service
C) National Institutes of Health
D) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
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Chapter 8: Addressing the Obesity Epidemic: An Issue for Public Health Policy
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78 Verified Questions
78 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following would be an environmental strategy for a worksite weight-loss program?
A) An educational dietary intervention
B) A seminar about personal goal setting
C) Encouraging physical activity
D) Organizational practices which change the physical environment
Q2) One of the major components of the We Can! campaign initiated by the National Heart,Lung,and Blood Institute is to increase physical activity and decrease screen time.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Which of the following represents the activities contributing most to energy expenditure (excluding sleep),ranked from most to least,for adults participating in the National Human Activity Pattern Survey?
A) Driving a car, office work, watching TV
B) Office work, watching TV, driving a car
C) Housework, yard work, watching TV
D) Walking, housework, driving a car
Q4) List 5 problems associated with obesity in children,and 5 for adults.
Q5) Many of the policy initiatives address children rather than adults.Why?
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Chapter 9: Health Care Systems and Policy
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70 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) The uninsured most often include
A) the elderly.
B) self-employed business men and women.
C) those with end-stage renal disease.
D) the disabled.
Q2) In order to be eligible for Medicare benefits,a person must be
A) living on an income below the poverty line.
B) retired.
C) eligible for Social Security disability programs for more than two years.
D) living in a state that has Medicare benefits.
Q3) Health maintenance organizations are examples of which type of health insurance plan?
A) Private, prepaid fee-for-service
B) Private, prepaid group provider system
C) Public, prepaid fee-for-service
D) Public, prepaid group contract insurance
Q4) What is a consumer-directed health plan? What are its benefits and limitations?
Q5) Explain why health promotion is a major component of health care reform at the national level.
Q6) Summarize the demographic characteristics of those without health insurance.
Page 11
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Chapter 10: Food Insecurity and the Food Assistance Programs
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67 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) The official poverty guidelines define eligibility for many federal assistance programs,including the food assistance programs.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Of the different hunger policy initiatives,which one do you believe is the most beneficial and why?
Q3) Meals on Wheels is the nation's largest suppler of surplus food to food banks.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Currently,the benefit allotments for those participating in the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program are sufficient to meet the nutritional needs of the family.
A)True
B)False
Q5) The federal government is the only entity concerned with food insecurity. A)True
B)False
Q6) Describe three of the government's five largest food assistance programs,including eligibility requirements and services provided.
Page 12
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Chapter 11: Mothers and Infants: Nutrition
Assessment,Services,and
Programs
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70 Verified Questions
70 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Maternal risk factors associated with low-birthweight babies include
A) cigarette smoking.
B) poor nutrition.
C) minority status.
D) a and b
E) a, b, and c
Q2) List six nutritional risks in pregnancy.
Q3) Which combination below agrees best with the textbook definition of low birthweight?
A) 2,500 grams/5 pounds or less
B) 2,500 grams/3 ½ pounds or less
C) 2,700 grams/6 pounds or less
D) 2,800 grams/6 ½ pounds or less
Q4) Babies should be weaned from breast milk to cow's milk at six months.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Discuss the two of the most significant nutrition-related problems of infants and describe possible solutions.
Q6) What is the relative value of these anthropometric measurements? How are the values to be interpreted? Page 13
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Chapter 12: Children and Adolescents: Nutrition
Issues,Services,and Programs
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75 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The incidence of iron-deficiency anemia is _____ in the U.S.
A) declining
B) increasing
C) staying the same
Q2) The risk of developing type 1 diabetes is higher than that of all other severe chronic diseases of childhood.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Which of the following was implemented first?
A) After School Snack Program
B) National School Lunch Program
C) School Breakfast Program
D) Summer Food Service Program for Children
Q4) Discuss the progress made in reaching the Healthy People 2010 objectives for children.
Q5) Describe one marketing strategy you would undertake to enhance program participation.
Q6) BMI changes with age and gender,so as children get older,BMI decreases.
A)True
B)False Page 15
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Page 16
Chapter 13: Healthy Aging: Nutrition
Assessment,Services,and Programs
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67 Verified Questions
67 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Although used frequently as a nutrition screen for older adults,The Mini Nutritional Assessment is not validated and is biased towards Nestle products.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The number of older adults (aged 65+)in the U.S.is expected to _____ 2030. A) increase by 50% by B) nearly double by C) increase by 200% or triple by D) stay the same until
Q3) Based on your knowledge of the nutritional needs of the older adult,what might be the focus areas of your nutrition education efforts?
Q4) Title III nutrition programs are required to provide nutrition education to their clients quarterly.
A)True B)False
Q5) List three environmental and three socioeconomic factors that specifically influence the nutrition status of older adults.
Page 17
Q6) How do the leading causes of death among adults vary as we age?
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Chapter 14: World Hunger and Food Insecurity: Challenges and Opportunities
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68 Verified Questions
68 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) _____ seem(s)to be at the root of food insecurity and overpopulation.
A) Inadequate food supplies
B) Multinational corporations
C) Poverty
D) Governmental policies
Q2) Approximately _____ of children in developing countries are underweight.
A) 15 percent
B) 20 percent
C) 25 percent
D) 30 percent
Q3) Food insecurity is a problem stemming from poverty.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The maternal mortality rate is the highest in
A) Central and Eastern Europe.
B) East Asia and Pacific.
C) South Asia.
D) Sub-Saharan Africa.
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Q5) Discuss factors that are likely to influence their decision and possible consequences of their decision.
Chapter 15: Understanding and Achieving Behavior Change
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76 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to the diffusion of innovation theory,the stages that an individual passes through in adopting a new behavior include all of the following except A) knowledge.
B) persuasion.
C) confirmation.
D) preparation.
Q2) The cognitive-behavioral theory is best applied when people are actively ready to make a change.
A)True
B)False
Q3) What are basic stages of the diffusion of innovation model? Apply this model to a current nutritional dilemma.
Q4) The diffusion of innovation theory addresses the process by which people adopt new ideas and behaviors.
A)True B)False
Q5) Motivational interviewing targets changes in attitudes and beliefs. A)True B)False
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Chapter 16: Gaining Cultural Competence in Community Nutrition
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69 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Smiling,showing warmth,and being friendly are not recommended as a means to enhance cross-cultural communication.
A)True
B)False
Q2) All of the following are interdependent constructs of the cultural competency model developed by Campinha-Bacote except
A) cultural awareness.
B) cultural skill.
C) cultural knowledge.
D) cultural incapacity.
Q3) Create a balanced,one-day meal plan for a man of Jewish faith.
Q4) Members of which of the following religious groups never consume beef and frequently avoid pork?
A) Hindus
B) Jewish
C) Mormons
D) Muslim
Q5) Describe problems that could occur when health care providers use nonprofessional interpreters.
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Chapter 17: Principles of Nutrition Education
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57 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) In order to identify a target population's educational needs,a community nutritionist can obtain useful information from which of the following?
A) Community needs assessment
B) Formative research
C) Focus groups
D) Review of the literature
E) All of the above
Q2) Adult education is a process whereby adults may learn and achieve changes in which of the following areas?
A) Knowledge
B) Attitudes
C) Values
D) Skills
E) All of the above
Q3) Briefly discuss three principles that should be considered when developing a lesson plan.
Q4) Write two instructional objectives based on one of the identified content areas in #6.
Q5) What is adult education?
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Chapter 18: Marketing Nutrition and Health Promotion
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Sample Questions
Q1) _____ is a specific term for health promotion programs that are developed to satisfy consumer needs and are strategically planned to reach as broad an audience as is in need of the program.
A) Health marketing
B) Social marketing
C) Worldwide marketing
D) Health behavior marketing
Q2) Healthcare providers and school boards are two examples of distribution channels.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The situational analysis in marketing includes SWOT analysis,an acronym that stands for strengths,weaknesses,_____,and threats.
A) options
B) outcomes
C) opportunities
D) opinions
Q4) Evaluation is a critical component of the marketing plan.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 19: Managing Community Nutrition Programs
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Sample Questions
Q1) The span of control is the same for everyone.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Briefly discuss three potential roles for a community nutritionist within the controlling function of management.
Q3) The operating budget is a statement of the financial plan for a program.
A)True
B)False
Q4) A key to conducting a good performance appraisal interview is to
A) start with clear objectives.
B) focus on observable behavior.
C) use subjective statements of a personal nature.
D) a and b
E) b and c
Q5) "Empowering members to be the nation's food and nutrition leaders" is the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics's _____.
A) goal
B) mission
C) value
D) vision
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Chapter 20: Building Grantsmanship Skills
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Sample Questions
Q1) The Logic Model
A) can assist grant writers in planning their grant proposal.
B) might be required as a component of the grant proposal.
C) provides a framework for implementing and managing community nutrition programs.
D) All of these
Q2) For success,the needs of the grant seeker must match those of the funding agency.
A)True
B)False
Q3) What are characteristics of the best collaborators?
Q4) Wages,consultant fees,and salaries are examples of indirect costs.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Dissemination offers many benefits to both the grant sponsor and grant recipient.Briefly describe one for each entity.
Q6) List several questions that can help grant seekers decide whether to compete for a grant from a particular grant sponsor,and explain how these questions are relevant.
Q7) Describe how the Logic Model could be utilized in grant writing.
24
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