Marine Zoology Study Guide Questions
Course Introduction
Marine Zoology is the study of animals that inhabit the worlds oceans and seas, examining their diversity, behavior, physiology, and ecological roles within marine ecosystems. This course explores major groups of marine animals, from microscopic plankton to large marine mammals, and investigates their evolutionary adaptations to the unique challenges of life in saltwater environments. Students will gain an understanding of marine food webs, reproductive strategies, feeding mechanisms, locomotion, and the impact of environmental change and human activity on marine fauna. The course combines lectures, laboratory work, and field studies to provide comprehensive insights into the biology and conservation of marine animal life.
Recommended Textbook
Marine Biology 9th Edition by Peter Castro
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19 Chapters
595 Verified Questions
595 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: The Science of Marine Biology
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23 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) An experiment can be best described as:
A)A set of observations that become a hypothesis.
B)Obtaining data from the field.
C)An artificially created situation to test a hypothesis.
D)Controlling a particular factor in the field.
E)Making observations from naturally occurring events.
Answer: C
Q2) Which of these is an example of a hypothesis that is not a valid scientific hypothesis because it cannot be proven false:
A)The earth is flat.
B)The sun revolves around the earth.
C)Organisms similar to deep-water marine worms live in the center of the earth.
D)The deepest spot on the ocean is off the coast of a volcanic island.
E)Whales listen to sound.
Answer: C
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3
Chapter 2: The Sea Floor
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Sample Questions
Q1) The most biologically rich part of the ocean is the:
A)Shelf break.
B)Continental shelf.
C)Continental slope.
D)Continental rise.
E)Deep-sea floor.
Answer: B
Q2) Which of the following is not true of mid-ocean ridges?
A)Earthquakes and volcanoes are associated with them
B)The sediment covering gets thinner as one moves away from them towards the continents
C)The rock on the sea floor is older as one moves away from them
D)Sea floor spreading is associated with them
E)All are interconnected
Answer: B
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Chapter 3: Chemical and Physical Features of Seawater
and the World Ocean
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30 Verified Questions
30 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The highest part or top of a wave is called the:
A)Trough.
B)Period.
C)Fetch.
D)Wavelength.
E)Crest.
Answer: E
Q2) Forces that cause water movements lead to mixing of the entire ocean once every ______________ years.
A)2000
B)3000
C)4000
D)5000
E)6000
Answer: C
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Page 5
Chapter 4: Fundamentals of Biology
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Sample Questions
Q1) A group of organisms living together on a rocky beach is an example of a(an):
A)Population.
B)Community.
C)Individual.
D)Ecosystem.
E)Colony of individuals.
Q2) All of the following are subcellular organelles except:
A)Endoplasmic reticulum.
B)DNA.
C)Nucleus.
D)Mitochondria.
E)Chloroplasts.
Q3) Some prokaryotes and eukaryotic sperm cells have protein filaments that allow mobility called:
A)Cillia.
B)Chloroplasts.
C)Golgi appratus.
D)Flagellum.
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6
Chapter 5: The Microbial World
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is the purpose of the spines seen on the frustules of diatoms?
A)Floatation
B)Hunting
C)Photosynthesis
D)Reproduction
E)Restore normal size
Q2) Red tides are caused mostly by:
A)Diatoms.
B)Foraminiferans.
C)Dinoflagellates.
D)Red seaweeds.
E)Radiolarians.
Q3) Some planktoic cyanobacteria have the ability to "fix" which of the following elements thus having a fertilizing effect on the marine environment similar to the ability of the land plants legumes?
A)Oxygen
B)Helium
C)Hydrogen
D)Nitrogen
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Page 7
Chapter 6: Multicellular Primary Producers: Seaweeds and Plants
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Sample Questions
Q1) Coralline red algae receive this name due to their ability to:
A)Emit light.
B)Accumulate calcium carbonate.
C)Be responsible for red tides.
D)Live together with corals in coral reefs.
E)Be parasites of other algae.
Q2) Salt-tolerant plants such as salt-marsh plants are called:
A)Mangroves.
B)Angiosperms.
C)Gametophytes.
D)Halophytes.
E)Sporophytes.
Q3) Reproduction in seaweeds can be very complex.It generally includes:
A)Only sexual reproduction.
B)Only asexual reproduction.
C)Both sexual and asexual reproduction.
D)Only mitosis.
E)Only meiosis.
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Chapter 7: Marine Animals Without a Backbone
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following are not correctly paired?
A)Class Asteroidea-sea stars
B)Class Holothuroidea-sea cucumbers
C)Class Ophiuroidea-brittle stars
D)Class Echinoidea-feather stars
Q2) Deposit-feeding animals feed on:
A)Blood and living tissues.
B)Particulate matter in the water.
C)Plankton from the water that passively enters the digestive system.
D)Live prey.
E)Organic matter that settles on the bottom.
Q3) A polychaete worm is:
A)A Platyhelminthes.
B)A Nematode.
C)A Cnidarian.
D)An Annelid.
E)A Fluke.
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9
Chapter 8: Marine Fishes
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Sample Questions
Q1) An example of a catadromous fish:
A)Whale shark.
B)Atlantic eel.
C)Parrotfish.
D)Pacific salmon.
E)Atlantic salmon.
Q2) Broadcast spawning in fish refers to:
A)Internal fertilization.
B)External fertilization.
C)Courtship behavior.
D)The use of claspers.
Q3) The function of arteries in fishes,as in all vertebrates,is to:
A)Carry oxygenated blood from the heart to the rest of the body.
B)Circulate blood around the gills.
C)Bring blood from the body to the heart.
D)Collect deoxygenated blood from gills.
E)Carry deoxygenated blood from the heart to the brain.
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Chapter 9: Marine Reptiles, Birds, and Mammals
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Sample Questions
Q1) Breaching refers to whales:
A)Jumping above the surface
B)Getting stranded on shore
C)Singing
D)Emitting sound for navigation
E)Diving deep to feed
Q2) Delayed implantation of the embryo allows pinnipeds to:
A)Nurse a pup while pregnant
B)Time birth with arrival to breeding area
C)Delay courtship for a year
D)Establish harems
E)Ovulate after copulation
Q3) An example of a whale known as a rorqual:
A)Killer
B)Gray
C)Common porpoise
D)Blue
E)Sperm
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11
Chapter 10: An Introduction to Marine Ecology
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Sample Questions
Q1) A fundamental role of decomposers:
A)Releasing nutrients to be used by autotrophs.
B)Causing diseases.
C)Providing food for carnivores.
D)Releasing oxygen.
E)Providing energy for autotrophs.
Q2) Predation can be best defined as:
A)A plant taking in nutrients.
B)An animal eating scavenged decayed material.
C)An animal eating a plant.
D)An animal eating any other organism.
E)A plant carrying out photosynthesis.
Q3) The following is a synonym of autotrophs:
A)Consumer.
B)Primary producer.
C)Heterotroph.
D)Animal.
E)Predator.
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12
Chapter 11: Between the Tides
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Sample Questions
Q1) One of these organisms is expected to be relatively rare on a rocky shore:
A)Filter feeder.
B)Carnivore.
C)Primary producer.
D)Grazer.
E)Deposit feeder.
Q2) Attachment of one organism to another in the intertidal is most likely a result of limited:
A)Food.
B)Space.
C)Light.
D)Nutrients.
E)Mates.
Q3) One organism typical of the upper intertidal on rocky shores:
A)Bottom fish.
B)Barnacles.
C)Sponges.
D)Sea anemones.
E)Periwinkles.
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Page 13
Chapter 12: Estuaries: Where Rivers Meet the Sea
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Sample Questions
Q1) A sub-environment native to the estuaries of the Atlantic coast of North America.
A)Kelp beds.
B)Mussel aggreations.
C)Oyster reefs.
D)Coral heads.
E)Tectonic rifts.
Q2) The world-wide distribution of mangrove forests is mostly determined by:
A)Salinity.
B)Type of sediment.
C)Temperature.
D)Wave action.
E)Height of tide.
Q3) Outwelling in estuaries is most important since it:
A)Maintains high primary production.
B)Provides living space to many species.
C)Releases much oxygen.
D)Provides food and nutrients to other communities.
E)Allows plants to survive despite wide fluctuations in salinity.
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14
Chapter 13: Life on the Continental Shelf
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Sample Questions
Q1) The difference in the tint of the waters above the continental shelf (greenish)and the deep blue of the open ocean is due to:
A)The refraction of light near the coastline.
B)The turbulence of shallow-water wave action.
C)The presence of large numbers of carnivorous fishes.
D)The shallow depth of the continental shelf out to the shelf break.
E)The high level of photosynthetic productivity.
Q2) What type of animals are typically absent in soft-bottom subtidal communities:
A)Epifauna.
B)Benthic.
C)Infauna.
D)Sessile.
E)Deposit feeders.
Q3) Which of the following is a positive effect of bioturbators?
A)Oxygenate sediments
B)Bury infauna
C)They absorb toxins from the sediments
D)They stabilize the detritus
E)All answers are correct
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Page 15
Chapter 14: Coral Reefs
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Sample Questions
Q1) In a typical fringing reef,most of the living coral is found on the:
A)Reef flat.
B)Fore reef.
C)Reef crest.
D)Reef slope.
E)Coral knolls.
Q2) In addition to zooxanthellae,what is the other important primary producer in a coral reef?
A)Turf algae
B)Benthic diatoms
C)Kelps
D)Coralline algae
E)Cyanobacteria (blue-green algae)
Q3) A toxicity that can develop when herbivorous fish ingest too many dinoflagullates is:
A)Obligate symbiosis.
B)Parasitosis.
C)Undulate fever.
D)Ciguatera.
E)Tularemia.
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Page 16
Chapter 15: Life Near the Surface
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following accounts for about 50 percent of the primary production in epipelagic waters?
A)Diatoms
B)Cyanobacteria
C)Dinoflagellates
D)Coccolithophorids
E)Silicoflagellates
Q2) The neuston consist of animals that:
A)Swim against currents.
B)Sink to the bottom portion of the water column.
C)Are top carnivores in the pelagic realm.
D)Spend their entire lives in the plankton.
E)Float on the surface without protruding above the water surface.
Q3) Which of these are not considered to be pelagic zooplankton?
A)Arrow worms
B)Comb jellies
C)Pteropods
D)Diatoms
E)Copepods
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Page 17
Chapter 16: The Ocean Depths
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is least likely to be seen in a vertical non-migrating mesopelagic fish?
A)Weak bones
B)Swim bladder
C)Flabby muscles
D)Small size
E)Large eyes
Q2) Recent discoveries have shown the Challanger Expedition and other 19th-century oceanographic expeditions assumption that the deep ocean had no ______________ was incorrect.
A)Sediments
B)volcanic activity
C)water movement
D)biodiversity
Q3) Pheromones are special chemicals that are used to:
A)Digest food.
B)Attract mates.
C)Catch prey.
D)Transport oxygen.
E)Produce bioluminescence.
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Chapter 17: Resources From the Sea
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Sample Questions
Q1) By the early 2000s,farmed fish accounted for approximately what percentage of the total world consumption?
A)1%
B)2%
C)10%
D)20%
E)100%
Q2) Fisheries management involves all of the following except:
A)Determining the optimal catch of a fish population.
B)Determining the commercial value of each catch.
C)Limiting the size and sex of the fish caught.
D)Restricting the number of fishing boats.
E)Determining the fishing gear that can be used.
Q3) Which of these areas would have the greatest amount of fish harvested annually?
A)Northwest Pacific.
B)Waters around Antarctica.
C)West Indian Ocean.
D)Southwest Atlantic.
E)Mediterranean.
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Page 19
Chapter 18: The Impact of Humans on the Marine Environment
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Sample Questions
Q1) Introduced species are known to be transported into a new location by way of:
A)Ocean currents.
B)Plankton brought in by currents.
C)Transplanted oysters.
D)Natural migration.
E)Young individuals brought in by currents.
Q2) Persistent chemicals such as pesticides are particularly harmful to the environment because they:
A)Are toxic to plants and other autotrophs.
B)Are not soluble in seawater.
C)Interfere with the oxygen intake of organisms.
D)Are toxic since they are radioactive.
E)Accumulate in organisms that are higher in the food chain.
Q3) The Steller sea cow was brought to extinction by:
A)The destruction of kelp beds.
B)The occupation of land by whalers.
C)Whalers hunting for meat.
D)The filling in of estuaries.
E)Increase in sediments in the water brought about by the cutting of nearby forests.
Page 20
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Chapter 19: The Oceans and Human Affairs
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Sample Questions
Q1) Perhaps the most remarkable example of reclamation of land from the sea bottom is found in:
A)France.
B)China.
C)Italy.
D)The Netherlands.
E)Norway.
Q2) Cultures that have evolved in close contact with the marine environment are known by anthropologists as:
A)Maritime.
B)Oceanic.
C)Seaborne.
D)Marine.
E)Neritic.
Q3) The oceans are said to have served as barriers of culture due to:
A)Protection by most nations of their seaports.
B)Banning of ocean-going commerce until the sixteenth century.
C)Stiff import-export trade barriers.
D)Belief in the western world that the earth was flat.
E)Religious customs against using the sea.
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