Marine Science
Exam Answer Key
Course Introduction
Marine Science is an interdisciplinary field that explores the biological, chemical, physical, and geological aspects of the ocean environment. This course covers key topics such as marine ecosystems, ocean circulation, marine organisms and their adaptations, the impact of human activity on marine environments, and current challenges in marine conservation. Students will gain an understanding of how the ocean influences global systems, the diversity of marine life, and the techniques scientists use to study and protect ocean resources. Through lecture, laboratory, and fieldwork experiences, students are encouraged to think critically about the role of oceans in sustaining life on Earth and the importance of preserving marine biodiversity for future generations.
Recommended Textbook
Essentials of Oceanography 10th Edition by Alan P. Trujillo
Available Study Resources on Quizplus
16 Chapters
1029 Verified Questions
1029 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/study-set/2071
Page 2
Chapter 1: Introduction to Planet Earth
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
62 Verified Questions
62 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/41200
Sample Questions
Q1) When the Earth cooled, the layers of the earth separated based on density differences.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) aesthenosphere
A)innermost liquid layer of the Earth
B)oceanic crust
C)plastic portion of mantle
D)continental crust
E)lower portion of mantle
F)composed of iron, nickel, and sulfur
G)crust and upper mantle
Answer: C
Q3) The Earth formed 4.6 billion years ago.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 3
Chapter 2: Plate Tectonics and the Ocean Floor
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
59 Verified Questions
59 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/41201
Sample Questions
Q1) The seafloor magnetic pattern is best described as:
A) not related to the location of oceanic ridges.
B) parallel to and symmetric about ocean ridges.
C) parallel to, but not symmetric about ocean ridges.
D) perpendicular to and symmetric about ocean ridges.
E) perpendicular to, but not symmetric about ocean ridges.
Answer: B
Q2) Fossils found in sediments can be used to:
A) indicate the relative age of the sediments.
B) provide evidence for plate movement.
C) suggest ancient climate characteristics.
D) support the idea that land masses were joined.
E) all of the above.
Answer: E
Q3) Deep focus earthquakes are often associated with deep-sea trenches.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
4
Chapter 3: Marine Provinces
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
53 Verified Questions
53 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/41202
Sample Questions
Q1) Trenches change their position over time.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) New lithosphere is produced in association with:
A) deep-sea trenches.
B) fracture zones.
C) hydrothermal vents.
D) mid-ocean ridges.
E) transform faults.
Answer: D
Q3) Seamounts form from ancient tablemounts.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q4) Hydrothermal vents are seafloor cold seeps with high concentrations of sulfur and salts.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Page 5
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 4: Marine Sediments
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
71 Verified Questions
71 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/41203
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following contains calcium carbonate (CaCO )?
A) diatoms
B) foraminiferans
C) glauconite
D) phosphorites
E) radiolarians
Q2) Calcareous shells will not accumulate on the ocean floor when the water depth exceeds about 4500 meters (around 15,000 feet).
A)True
B)False
Q3) stromatolites
A)terrigenous sediment
B)biogenous sediment
C)hydrogenous sediment
D)cosmogenous sediment
Q4) abyssal clay
A)terrigenous sediment
B)biogenous sediment
C)hydrogenous sediment
D)cosmogenous sediment
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 6
Chapter 5: Water and Seawater
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
57 Verified Questions
57 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/41204
Sample Questions
Q1) Residence time:
A) describes the solubility of salt ions in water.
B) determines the rate at which nutrients pass from one trophic level to another.
C) increases as water depth decreases.
D) is the average length of time that substances reside in the ocean.
E) relates the solubility of an ion to the rate at which it precipitates to form sediment deposits.
Q2) Discuss how climatological processes affect seawater salinity.
Q3) As the salinity of seawater increases, its:
A) density decreases.
B) heat capacity decreases.
C) residence time increases.
D) residence time decreases.
E) residence time does not change.
Q4) Explain how the pH of seawater remains constant.
Q5) How does the ocean's salinity vary with depth?
Q6) Evaporation causes cooling in the residual liquid.
A)True
B)False
Page 7
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 6: Air-Sea Interface
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
58 Verified Questions
58 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/41205
Sample Questions
Q1) An iceberg is a variety of sea ice.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The temperate regions are characterized by:
A) cold fronts.
B) high pressure.
C) easterly winds.
D) trade winds.
E) westerly winds.
Q3) The oceanic climate region(s) in the majority of strong cyclonic storms are produced is indicated by the number:
A) 1.
B) 1 & 2.
C) 2.
D) 3.
E) 3 & 4.
Q4) What are the differences between <b>hurricanes, typhoons,</b> and <b>tropical cyclones</b>?
Q5) Distinguish between<b> weather</b> and <b>climate</b>.
Q6) Discuss the formation of land breezes and sea breezes.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 8
Chapter 7: Ocean Circulation
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
71 Verified Questions
71 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/41206
Sample Questions
Q1) Thermohaline circulation is wind-driven.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Describe the circulation of deep ocean water.
Q3) Compare and contrast<b> western boundary currents </b>and <b>eastern boundary currents</b>.
Q4) The West Wind Drift occurs at 60ºN around the Arctic Circle.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Deep ocean water masses have characteristic temperatures and salinities.
A)True
B)False
Q6) When a meander from the Gulf Stream pinches off and isolates a body of water within the center of the North Atlantic gyre, the body of water is called a:
A) cold core ring.
B) cyclonic circulation.
C) geostrophic circulation.
D) Langmuir cell.
E) warm core ring.
Page 9
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 8: Waves and Water Dynamics
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
72 Verified Questions
72 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/41207
Sample Questions
Q1) The height of a wave depends upon:
A) fetch.
B) fetch and wind speed.
C) fetch, wind duration, and wind speed.
D) wind duration.
E) wind duration and wind speed.
Q2) tide
A)density
B)wind
C)constructive interference
D)gravitational forces
E)tectonic activity
F)refraction
G)destructive interference
H)reflection
Q3) The vertical distance between the wave trough and the wave crest is the wavelength.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Distinguish between wave <b>reflection, refraction,</b> and <b>diffraction</b>.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 10
Chapter 9: Tides
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
60 Verified Questions
60 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/41208
Sample Questions
Q1) Grunion depend upon the pattern of erosion and deposition of sand for the survival of their eggs.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Which of the following is a tidal current?
A) both ebb tides and flood tides
B) both neap tides and spring tides
C) ebb tide
D) flood tide
E) spring tide
Q3) The sun and the moon have relatively equal tide-generating forces on earth.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Tides are much greater during apogee than during perigee.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Distinguish between <b>spring tides</b> and <b>neap tides</b>.
Q6) Describe tides in an open ocean basin.
Q7) Compare <b>diurnal, semidiurnal</b>, and </b>mixed tidal patterns.
Q8) How do centripetal forces and gravitation forces interact to produce tides?
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 11
Chapter 10: The Coast: Beaches and Shoreline Processes
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
65 Verified Questions
65 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/41209
Sample Questions
Q1) A summer beach typically has more sediment on it than a winter beach.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The nearshore is equivalent to the intertidal zone.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Nor'easters affect which area of the U.S. coastline during the fall and winter?
A) Gulf coast
B) northern Atlantic coast
C) northern Pacific coast
D) southern Atlantic coast
E) southern Pacific coat
Q4) The area of the barrier island complex that would contain thickets and woodlands would be the:
A) barrier flat.
B) dune.
C) high marsh.
D) lagoon.
E) low marsh.
Q5) Compare and contrast<b> erosional coasts </b>and <b>depositional coasts</b>.
Page 12
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 11: The Coastal Oceans
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
65 Verified Questions
65 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/41210
Sample Questions
Q1) The two most significant sources of oil pollution in the marine environment are:
A) blow out accidents and urban run-off.
B) natural seeps and urban run-off.
C) normal oil tanker/shipping operations and urban run-off.
D) oil tanker and blowout accidents in marine coastal waters.
E) tar balls and oil tanker accidents.
Q2) The deep water dumping site for sewage sludge off the U.S. East Coast initially seemed to be a good choice because:
A) a well-developed pycnocline should isolate the sewage.
B) internal waves would decrease water mixing.
C) it had been a well-studies method of sewage disposal.
D) thermal mixing occurred between the surface and deep water.
E) tsunamis are uncommon in this area.
Q3) The most biologically devastating oil spills in the marine environment are a result of:
A) blow out accidents on drilling platforms.
B) collision and/or sinking of oil tankers.
C) discharge from refueling tankers and ships.
D) natural deep-sea seeps.
E) urban run-off.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 13
Chapter 12: Marine Life and the Marine Environment
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
72 Verified Questions
72 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/41211
Sample Questions
Q1) The deep scattering layer is produced by masses of migrating phytoplankton.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Euryhaline organisms:
A) are less common than stenohaline organisms.
B) can survive wide salinity fluctuations.
C) require less oxygen for survival.
D) tolerate a narrow range of salinities.
E) tolerate small temperature changes.
Q3) Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern
A)kelp
B)krill
C)jellyfish
D)Sargassum
E)zooplankton
Q4) Species diversity and total biomass are greater in warm water marine environments in comparison to cold water marine environments.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Explain why the majority of marine organisms are benthic.
Page 14
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 13: Biological Productivity and Energy Transfer
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
68 Verified Questions
68 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/41212
Sample Questions
Q1) The nutrients that tend to limit photosynthesis in marine environments include:
A) carbon dioxide.
B) nitrogen.
C) phosphorus.
D) A and B are correct.
E) B and C are correct.
Q2) Net primary productivity is:
A) net gain in organic carbon.
B) photosynthesis minus cellular respiration.
C) total amount of photosynthesis.
D) A and B are correct.
E) A and C are correct.
Q3) Many of the organisms responsible for toxic red tides and paralytic shellfish poisoning belong to the Division:
A) Bacillariophyta.
B) Chlorophyta.
C) Phaeophyta.
D) Pyrrophyta.
E) Rhodophyta.
Q4) Why do algal blooms frequently occur during spring and fall?
Page 15
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 14: Animals of the Pelagic Environment
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
57 Verified Questions
57 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/41213
Sample Questions
Q1) Sea lions are easily distinguished from seals because they:
A) cannot rotate their anterior flippers backward.
B) cannot rotate their anterior flippers forward.
C) have external ears.
D) have a short neck.
E) use their posterior flippers for swimming.
Q2) Which set of fins is used as stabilizers?
A) anal and caudal
B) anal and dorsal
C) caudal and dorsal
D) caudal and pelvic
E) pectoral and pelvic
Q3) Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern.
A)blue
B)gray
C)killer
D)minke
E)sei
Q4) Discuss the role of the International Whaling Commission (IWC) in regulating commercial whaling.
Page 16
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 15: Animals of the Benthic Environment
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
68 Verified Questions
68 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/41214
Sample Questions
Q1) Discuss the role of sea urchins in kelp forest ecosystems.
Q2) Zooxanthellae are autotrophic marine protists that are found in the living tissues of some simple marine invertebrates such as corals, sea anemones, and jellyfish. Zooxanthellae are members of the:
A) Division Bacillariophyta.
B) Division Chrysophyta.
C) Division Dinoflagellata.
D) Phylum Ciliophora.
E) Phylum Foraminfera.
Q3) Zooxanthellae are important members of hydrothermal vent communities.
A)True
B)False
Q4) All of the following are true of hard corals <b>except</b>:
A) corals are members of the Kingdom Animalia, Phylum Cnidaria, Class Anthozoa.
B) coral distribution worldwide is limited to areas where the water temperature exceeds 25ºC.
C) corals grow in shallow water with high light and relatively low organic nutrient input.
D) corals have a motile planula larval form.
E) corals have obligate endosymbionts.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 17
Chapter 16: The Oceans and Climate Change
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
42 Verified Questions
42 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/41215
Sample Questions
Q1) Greenhouse gases are compounds in the Earth's atmosphere that dissipate heat.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Decrease of summer ice cover in the Arctic Ocean has had a significant impact on Arctic wildlife.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern.
A)atmosphere
B)biosphere
C)cryosphere
D)geosphere
E)lithosphere
Q4) Natural causes for global climate change include all of the following <b>except</b>:
A) changes in solar input.
B) increase in elevation.
C) tectonic plate movement.
D) variation in the Earth's orbit.
E) volcanic activity.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 18