Marine Resources Management
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Course Introduction
Marine Resources Management explores the sustainable use and conservation of ocean and coastal resources, integrating ecological, economic, and social perspectives. The course covers topics such as fisheries management, marine protected areas, policy frameworks, stakeholder engagement, and the impact of human activities on marine ecosystems. Students will examine case studies and current management practices to develop skills in problem-solving, resource assessment, and the formulation of strategies that balance resource utilization with environmental stewardship and the livelihoods of coastal communities.
Recommended Textbook
Marine Biology 9th Edition by Peter Castro
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19 Chapters
595 Verified Questions
595 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: The Science of Marine Biology
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23 Verified Questions
23 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) From the general statement "All fishes lay eggs," which of the following results from deduction:
A)Since tuna are fish,tuna lay eggs.
B)Since tuna are fish,tuna swim.
C)Egg laying is beneficial to fishes.
D)Tuna must lay their eggs in deep water.
E)Since fishes are marine,tuna lay eggs.
Answer: A
Q2) A technological development that was a direct development of World War II: A)Scuba.
B)Research vessels.
C)Nets.
D)Marine laboratories.
E)Sonar.
Answer: E
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Chapter 2: The Sea Floor
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Sample Questions
Q1) The world's smallest and shallowest ocean is:
A)Atlantic Ocean.
B)Arctic Ocean.
C)Indian Ocean.
D)Antarctic Ocean.
E)Pacific Ocean.
Answer: B
Q2) The outer edge of the continental margin is the:
A)Shelf break.
B)Continental slope.
C)Continental rise.
D)Edge of the abyssal plain.
E)Continental edge.
Answer: A
Q3) Which is not a type of lithospheric plate boundary?
A)Shear boundary
B)Continental shelf
C)Trench
D)Mid-ocean ridge
Answer: B
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Chapter 3: Chemical and Physical Features of Seawater
and the World Ocean
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Sample Questions
Q1) Water is unusual because it is less dense as a solid than a liquid.This is important for marine organisms because:
A)A layer of ice insulates organisms beneath it.
B)If ice was more dense,the oceans would freeze from the bottom and remain frozen leaving no available space.
C)Cold water holds less oxygen than warm water.
D)All answers are correct.
E)A layer of ice insulates organisms beneath it and If ice was more dense,the oceans would freeze from the bottom and remain frozen leaving no available space only.
Answer: E
Q2) The major surface currents of the oceans rotate counterclockwise in the:
A)Northern Hemisphere only.
B)Southern Hemisphere only.
C)In both hemispheres.
D)In the Atlantic Ocean only.
E)In the Pacific Ocean only.
Answer: B
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5
Chapter 4: Fundamentals of Biology
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Sample Questions
Q1) During the process of cellular respiration:
A)Solar energy trapped in photosynthesis is released.
B)Carbon dioxide and water form sugars.
C)Solar energy is transformed into chemical energy.
D)Oxygen and carbon dioxide are produced.
E)Sunlight is used to create energy.
Q2) All of the following are examples of asexual reproduction except:
A)Fission.
B)Fertilization.
C)Plants sending out "runners".
D)Budding.
E)Cell division.
Q3) Which of the following shows the correct level of organization in order of increasing complexity?
A)Molecule,cell,organelle,individual,community
B)Organelle,tissue,organ,community,population
C)Ecosystem,individual,organ,cell
D)Molecule,atom,cell,organ system,ecosystem
E)Atom,molecule,organ,population,ecosystem
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Page 6
Chapter 5: The Microbial World
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Sample Questions
Q1) Radiolarians are characterized by:
A)Being mostly planktonic.
B)Having a calcareous skeleton.
C)Being autotrophs.
D)Having two flagella.
E)Causing red tides.
Q2) Archaea are now being detected in many environments by identifying one of the following chemicals characteristic of the group:
A)Pigments.
B)Chlorophyll.
C)Nucleic acids.
D)Proteins.
E)Carbohydrates.
Q3) Cyanobacteria are characterized by being: A)Decomposers.
B)Found only in the plankton.
C)Having a glass-like skeleton.
D)Protists.
E)Photosynthetic.
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Chapter 6: Multicellular Primary Producers: Seaweeds and Plants
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Sample Questions
Q1) The most complex and largest of all the macroalgaes/seaweeds is included among one of these groups:
A)Green algae.
B)Brown algae.
C)Coralline red algae.
D)Calcareous green algae.
E)Red algae.
Q2) The group of macroalgaes/seaweeds with the largest number of species is the:
A)Green algae.
B)Brown algae.
C)Kelps.
D)Red algae.
E)Coralline algae.
Q3) Encrusting algae are commonly found living:
A)In the plankton.
B)On rocks.
C)As parasites.
D)As endophytes.
E)On the water surface.
Page 8
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Chapter 7: Marine Animals Without a Backbone
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following type of cells and structures of sponges does not match the function?
A)Collar cells - calcareous structures for support
B)Osculum - opening through which water leaves
C)Pore cells - opening through which water enters
D)Spongin - fibers for support
E)Gametes - reproduction
Q2) The term for changing exoskeletons by crustaceans is:
A)undulate.
B)molt.
C)Byssal secretion.
D)Asexual mitosis.
Q3) Deposit-feeding animals feed on:
A)Blood and living tissues.
B)Particulate matter in the water.
C)Plankton from the water that passively enters the digestive system.
D)Live prey.
E)Organic matter that settles on the bottom.
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9
Chapter 8: Marine Fishes
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Sample Questions
Q1) A group behavior that is much more common in bony fish than cartilaginous fish is:
A)Territoriality.
B)Homing.
C)Schooling.
D)Migration.
Q2) Which of the following structures do bony fish have that sharks and rays do not?
A)Dorsal fin.
B)Pectoral fin.
C)Gill slits.
D)An operculum.
E)Notochord.
Q3) Oxygen is carried in the blood of fishes by what protein?
A)Hemoglobin
B)Urea
C)Salts
D)Myoglobin
E)Chloride ions
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10
Chapter 9: Marine Reptiles, Birds, and Mammals
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Sample Questions
Q1) The spermaceti organ in the head of sperm whales is thought to regulate buoyancy and:
A)Storage of food
B)Production of sound
C)Assist in oxygen storage
D)Collect undigested food
E)Focus and direct sound waves
Q2) An example of a whale known as a rorqual:
A)Killer
B)Gray
C)Common porpoise
D)Blue
E)Sperm
Q3) The longest migrations of any mammal is seen in the:
A)Bottlenose dolphin
B)Sperm whale
C)Blue whale
D)Gray whale
E)Humpback whale
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Page 11
Chapter 10: An Introduction to Marine Ecology
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Sample Questions
Q1) In the dark-light bottle experiment,one of the following is measured in the dark bottle:
A)Photosynthesis.
B)Respiration.
C)Decomposition.
D)Photosynthesis plus respiration.
E)Chlorophyll concentration.
Q2) A fundamental role of decomposers:
A)Releasing nutrients to be used by autotrophs.
B)Causing diseases.
C)Providing food for carnivores.
D)Releasing oxygen.
E)Providing energy for autotrophs.
Q3) Cleaning symbiosis is an example of symbiosis because the partners involved in the association:
A)Are not harmed.
B)Are both harmed if we closely study their association.
C)Both have coevolved into a close association.
D)One is harmed while the other is not.
E)One species benefits while the other is unaffected.
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Chapter 11: Between the Tides
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Sample Questions
Q1) Attachment of one organism to another in the intertidal is most likely a result of limited:
A)Food.
B)Space.
C)Light.
D)Nutrients.
E)Mates.
Q2) Vertical zonation on rocky shores is mostly the result of differences in tolerance to:
A)Wave action
B)Exposure.
C)Predation.
D)Light.
E)Salinity.
Q3) Byssal threads are used by mussels to cope with:
A)Dessication.
B)Wave shock.
C)Restricted feeding.
D)Salinity changes.
E)Temperature changes.
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Page 13
Chapter 12: Estuaries: Where Rivers Meet the Sea
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Sample Questions
Q1) Succulents are plants that:
A)Excrete salts by way of salt glands.
B)Lose water and salts.
C)Accumulate water in their tissues.
D)Take in salts to compensate for the loss of water.
E)Do not have any roots to minimize water loss.
Q2) The infauna of mud flats feeds mostly on:
A)Epifauna.
B)Sulfur bacteria.
C)Filter feeders.
D)Plankton.
E)Detritus.
Q3) Pneumatophores are used for:
A)Excretion of excess salts.
B)Horizontal growth.
C)Aeration of plant tissues.
D)Reproduction.
E)Downward growth.
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14
Chapter 13: Life on the Continental Shelf
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Sample Questions
Q1) Deposit feeders would be most likely to be found on which substrate?
A)Coral reefs
B)Muddy bottoms
C)Gravel bottoms
D)Rocky shores
E)None of the choices are correct
Q2) Which of the following factors is most likely to have an effect on the global distribution of organisms on the continental shelf?
A)Stratification of water
B)Oxygen
C)Nutrients
D)Temperature
E)Turbulence
Q3) Kelp communities are severely disturbed by all of the following except:
A)Grazing sea urchins.
B)Grazing fishes.
C)Pollution.
D)Warm currents.
E)El Ni-o.
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Chapter 14: Coral Reefs
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Sample Questions
Q1) Spur-and-groove formations,or buttresses,appear to be the result of:
A)Fish grazing.
B)The death of coralline algae.
C)Accumulation of sand.
D)The death of coral after a series of very low tides.
E)Wind and waves.
Q2) Coral reefs are important and very unique ecosystems because they have more ______________ than any other comparible area of the world's oceans.
A)Water flow and wave action.
B)Greatest amount of biodiversity.
C)Most detritus production.
D)Greatest sediment accumulation.
Q3) Reef-building corals grow only in shallow water because:
A)Salinity varies less in shallow water.
B)Zooxanthellae need light for photosynthesis.
C)Calcium carbonate is only available in shallow water.
D)Nutrients concentrate in shallow water.
E)Shallow water contains more dissolved organic matter (DOM).
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Chapter 15: Life Near the Surface
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following accounts for about 50 percent of the primary production in epipelagic waters?
A)Diatoms
B)Cyanobacteria
C)Dinoflagellates
D)Coccolithophorids
E)Silicoflagellates
Q2) In order to reduce global warming and increase the absorption of carbon dioxide by phytoplankton it has been proposed to add which of these nutrients to the Southern Ocean in order to stimulate phytoplankton growth?
A)Carbonate
B)Calcium
C)Iron
D)Sulfate
E)Copper
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Chapter 16: The Ocean Depths
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Sample Questions
Q1) The mesopelagic zone extends from about 200 m to about:
A)300 m.
B)500 m.
C)1,000 m.
D)2,000 m.
E)4,000 m.
Q2) Pheromones are special chemicals that are used to:
A)Digest food.
B)Attract mates.
C)Catch prey.
D)Transport oxygen.
E)Produce bioluminescence.
Q3) An important feeding adaptation among deep-sea fishes:
A)Migration to shallower water to feed.
B)Feeding on males,hence the term "male parasitism".
C)Ability to eat prey bigger than themselves.
D)Strong muscles that allow them to move fast to catch any available prey.
E)Absence of a stomach.
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18
Chapter 17: Resources From the Sea
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Sample Questions
Q1) Traditional fisheries are those that:
A)Catches are routinely recorded.
B)Catch shellfish,not finfish.
C)Do not use boats.
D)Use relatively simple gear and methods.
E)Have catch quotas set by the UNCLOS Treaty.
Q2) Which of the following is a renewable resource from the marine environment?
A)Oil
B)Gas
C)Tidal energy
D)Minerals
Q3) One of the following best describes commercial fisheries around the world:
A)Most have been affected by overfishing.
B)About 20% have been affected by overfishing.
C)All have been affected by overfishing.
D)All have been affected by overfishing but none have been exhausted.
E)None have been affected by overfishing in the Southern Hemisphere.
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Chapter 18: The Impact of Humans on the Marine Environment
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Sample Questions
Q1) After oil spills,what type of marine animals is most likely to die of exposure?
A)Migrating fishes like salmon
B)Cetaceans
C)Sea urchins
D)Filter-feeding fishes
E)Seabirds
Q2) An anthropogenic impact is one caused by:
A)Physical factors in the environment.
B)Organisms that are part of marine communities.
C)The destruction of primary producers.
D)Organisms that live in neighboring marine communities.
E)Human activities.
Q3) A substance that is biodegradable:
A)Evaporates very slowly.
B)Forms tar balls or other solid residues.
C)Can be broken down only by special chemicals.
D)Sinks to the bottom.
E)Can be broken down by bacteria.
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Chapter 19: The Oceans and Human Affairs
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Sample Questions
Q1) The territorial sea of a nation is defined as the water between a nation's coastline to a distance of how many nautical miles?
Q2) Which of the following duties may be performed by the Convention on the Protection of Underwater Cultural Heritage?
A)Construct intercontinental agreements to protect biodiversity
B)Develop clear sea travel routes using current gyres
C)Monitor the effects of climate change on ocean life
D)Coordinate efforts related to handling of maritime archeology and ship wreck exploration
E)Monitor and recommend changes to worldwide fishing quotas
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