Manufacturing Processes
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Course Introduction
This course offers a comprehensive overview of the fundamental manufacturing processes used in modern industry, covering techniques such as casting, forming, machining, welding, and additive manufacturing. Students will explore the principles behind material selection, process optimization, and quality control, while examining the influence of process parameters on product properties and performance. Emphasis is placed on the integration of traditional and advanced manufacturing methods, enabling students to understand both the theoretical and practical aspects of producing high-quality, cost-effective products. Through lectures, demonstrations, and laboratory exercises, learners gain the skills necessary to analyze process capabilities, select appropriate techniques, and contribute to the design and improvement of efficient manufacturing systems.
Recommended Textbook
Blueprint Reading for Welders 9th Edition by A.E. Bennett
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Basic Lines and Views
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Sample Questions
Q1) All views have a particular position with respect to each other, and have either a horizontal or vertical alignment.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) When three views are used to describe an object, the ____ view is placed directly above and in line with the front view.
A) top
B) right
C) bottom
D) left
Answer: A
Q3) A fine, straight line with an arrowhead or round solid dot at one end is known as a(n) ____ line.
A) extension
B) leader
C) hidden
D) object
Answer: B
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Page 3
Chapter 2: Sketching
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Sample Questions
Q1) Lines are not usually shown for any part of the object that is not visible.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) Heavy lines are drawn by dulling (rounding) the point of the pencil and applying enough pressure to produce the line weight desired.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) When developing an isometric sketch, receding lines are reduced in length (foreshortened) to about ____ of the orthographic line length.
A) one-third
B) one-half
C) two-thirds
D) three-fourths
Answer: C
Q4) Oblique sketches may require the sketching of oblique
Answer: circles
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Chapter 3: Notes and Specifications
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Sample Questions
Q1) When a specification is general and applies to all or several views, it may be placed within a ruled space called a(n) ____________________ block.
Answer: title
Q2) A(n) ____________________ explains, specifies, or refers to the material and/or process needed to make the part.
Answer: note
Q3) In many cases, it is not possible to give all the information needed on a print by the combined use of lines and dimensions.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q4) When specifying materials, the word "specification" is always used.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q5) An explanatory note is placed near one of the views representing the part.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Chapter 4: Dimensions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Dimensions give the sizes needed to fabricate the part.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Preferred practice is to show dimensions in ____.
A) fractions
B) decimals
C) whole numbers
D) interval numbers
Q3) ____________________ dimensioning is used on drawings to permit the manufacture of parts in either unit of measurement, depending upon their application and/or where they will be marketed.
Q4) U.S. Customary linear dimensions may be given as whole numbers, fractions, and decimals.
A)True
B)False
Q5) The sharp edge of a bevel formed in the weld is commonly called a(n) ____ edge.
A) land
B) feather
C) root
D) included
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Chapter 5: Bill of Materials
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Sample Questions
Q1) An AISI-SAE classification for a type of steel consists of either three or four numbers.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Metal plate is greater than ____ inches in thickness.
A) 3/18
B) 3/16
C) 5/18
D) 5/16
Q3) Low carbon steel has a carbon content of ____.
A) .30% and less
B) .30% to .50%
C) .50% to .90%
D) .80% to 1.50%
Q4) The list or bill of materials enables some other person, such as a stockroom attendant, a welder's helper, or the operator of flamecutting equipment, to cut or otherwise prepare the various stock pieces needed to fabricate the object.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 6: Structural Shapes
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Sample Questions
Q1) There are four basic types of pipes.
A)True
B)False
Q2) When specifying certain pipe sizes, schedule numbers may be used in place of standard, extra strong, or double extra strong designations.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The most commonly used gage is the ____.
A) American Wire Gage
B) Brown and Sharpe Wire Gage
C) Birmingham Wire Gage
D) Manufacturer's Standard Gage for Sheet Steel
Q4) There are two basic types of tubing: ____.
A) standard and thinwall
B) standard and extra strong
C) strong and thinwall
D) normal and thinwall
Q5) Plate thickness is given as a common fraction of an inch.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 7: Other Views
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Sample Questions
Q1) When an object has a slanted (oblique) face, a(n) ____ view may be included on the print to show the plane of the slanted surface more clearly.
A) alternate
B) auxiliary
C) representative
D) parallel
Q2) When revisions are required due to changes in design, they are often made on the original of the blueprint.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Dimensions shown on the developed view include any ____ necessary for bending or rolling.
A) calculations
B) variations
C) allowances
D) variances
Q4) When both side views are included on a print, they are invariably shown as ____________________ views.
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Page 9
Chapter 8: Sections
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Sample Questions
Q1) The sections shown on a print may not be full sections, but rather may be sections that represent only portions of the part.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The extent of the cut surface of a cross section is shown by a ____ line located on one of the principal views.
A) cutting
B) plane
C) slice
D) cutting plane
Q3) The primary purpose of a ____ is to show how the parts fit or operate together.
A) mated section
B) mated assembly
C) phantom assembly
D) phantom section
Q4) A broken-out section, like other sections, is used to show the ____________________ of a part.
Q5) ____________________ lines are used to indicate the imaginary cut surface of a half section.
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Chapter 9: Detail, Assembly, and Subassembly Prints
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Sample Questions
Q1) A(n) ____ print is used as a guide for assembling finished parts.
A) scale
B) build
C) working
D) assembly
Q2) A(n) ____________________ print is intended to show the relationship of one part to another when assembled as a unit, and to give an indication of the general appearance of the assembly.
Q3) Detail prints include only that information that applies to welding operations.
A)True
B)False
Q4) A(n) ____ print shows the complete and assembled object.
A) detail
B) working
C) labor
D) assembly
Q5) It is preferred practice to prepare a detail print for every member of an assembly. A)True
B)False
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Chapter 10: Welding Symbols and Abbreviations
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Sample Questions
Q1) When the letters "____" are found in the tail of the arrow, a complete joint penetration weld is required regardless of the type of weld or joint preparation that is used.
A) CJP
B) CPJ
C) CPR
D) JPC
Q2) In the standard welding system, the ____ is added only when needed for the purpose of including a specification process or other reference.
A) header
B) arrow
C) trailer
D) tail
Q3) The phrase ____________________ symbol refers to the total symbol including all information added to it to specify the weld(s) required.
Q4) A(n) ____________________ describes an edge preparation with a sharp or "feather" edge or with a root face or "land."
Q5) Welds not made in the shop are identified as ____ welds.
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Chapter 11: Basic Joints for Weldment Fabrications
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Sample Questions
Q1) The design of the weld and/or the groove is usually the function of the
Q2) A joint spacing or root opening (gap) between members being welded is indicated by welding symbols or ___________________ on the print.
Q3) In certain cases, cutting and bending members to create joins for structural shapes may be more economical, even though more cutting and welding are required.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Members of the joints to be welded may be formed to a particular shape in preparation for the weld to increase the ____ of the joint.
A) strength
B) durability
C) longevity
D) worth
Q5) The selection of the weld is based on a few, limited factors. A)True
B)False
Q6) The ____________________ joint is used for brazed weldments.
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Chapter 12: Fillet Welds
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Sample Questions
Q1) When a length is not specified on the welding symbol, the fillet weld is assumed to be
Q2) ____ lines are used as terminal points for the section lining.
A) Reference
B) Dimension
C) Extension
D) Extended
Q3) The ____ weld is one of the most widely used types of welds.
A) fillet
B) fill
C) filling
D) filled
Q4) A(n) ____________________ represents length of weld.
Q5) In a fillet weld symbol, the two legs are assumed to be equal in size unless otherwise specified.
A)True
B)False
Q6) ____________________ intermittent welding means that the welds appear directly opposite each other on the two sides of the joint.
Page 14
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Chapter 13: Groove Welds
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Sample Questions
Q1) After the initial weld is completed, spacers may be removed by ____.
A) front gouging
B) front cutting
C) back gouging
D) back chipping
Q2) A groove weld symbol without the size of the weld dimension requires ____.
A) PJC
B) CJP
C) CJC
D) JPC
Q3) In the ____-groove welds, only one of the two members is beveled.
A) J
B) U
C) V
D) Y
Q4) The distance between the joint members at the bottom of the weld is called the ____________________ opening.
Q5) Consumable inserts may be used in conjunction with ____________________ groove welds.
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Chapter 14: Back or Backing and Melt Thru Welds
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Sample Questions
Q1) A ____ of reinforcement dimension may be applied to the melt-thru symbol.
A) degree
B) height
C) level
D) depth
Q2) The melt-thru symbol is used in the same manner and has the same significance for flange welds as it does for groove welds.
A)True
B)False
Q3) In the case of a back weld, the back weld is made first and then a groove weld is applied.
A)True
B)False
Q4) A ____ weld is distinguished from a backing weld only by its sequence of application with respect to the face side of the groove weld.
A) front
B) back
C) fill
D) groove
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Chapter 15: Plug and Slot Welds
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Sample Questions
Q1) The slot weld is made through a(n) ____ hole.
A) round
B) square
C) elongated
D) rectangular
Q2) A(n) ____________________ weld symbol is used to designate a fillet weld in a round or slotted hole.
Q3) The size of a plug weld is located to the right of the weld symbol, and is preceded by the diameter symbol.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The plug weld is made through a(n) ____ hole.
A) round
B) square
C) elongated
D) rectangular
Q5) Depth of ____________________ is shown within the symbol for both plug and slot welds.
Q6) The ____________________ drawing shows the shape, location, and orientation of the slot weld.
Page 17
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Chapter 16: Surfacing Welds
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Sample Questions
Q1) Surfacing welds can be applied to a ____ surface.
A) flat
B) contoured
C) wavy
D) flat or contoured
Q2) In cases where a surfacing weld is to be performed over another weld, a welding symbol with a ____ line may be used.
A) multiple extension
B) multiple reference
C) multiple dimension
D) reference
Q3) When a specific height is not desired, a dimension is not given.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Surfacing welds are shown on the ____ side of the reference line.
A) upper
B) lower
C) inner
D) outer
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Chapter 17: Edge Welds
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Sample Questions
Q1) Dimensions that may be added to the edge weld symbol are size, length, and spacing (pitch of intermittent welds).
A)True
B)False
Q2) The flange butt and corner flange weld symbols are identified as ____ to which the edge weld symbol is applied.
A) joins
B) joints
C) edges
D) abutments
Q3) For staggered intermittent edge welds, the edge weld symbol is shown ____.
A) adjoining
B) offset
C) adjacent
D) parallel
Q4) The edge weld symbol is particularly used for ____ joinery.
A) sheet metal
B) plate metal
C) pipe
D) billet
Page 19
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Chapter 18: Spot Welds
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Sample Questions
Q1) The spot-weld symbol is centered on the reference line when there is no arrow side or other side significance.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The shear strength may be expressed in pounds or ____ per spot.
A) grams
B) vectors
C) newtons
D) slugs
Q3) In cross section, the spot weld appears to be ____________________.
Q4) In spot-welding, ____ are used when the drawing dimensions are in metric.
A) newtons
B) pounds
C) slugs
D) grams
Q5) Dimensions applied to the spot-weld symbol are shown on the same side of the reference line as the symbol, or on either side when there is no arrow side or other side significance for the symbol.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 19: Projection Welds
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Sample Questions
Q1) When the symbol has an arrow side significance, the embossment is located on the other side member.
A)True
B)False
Q2) A(n) ____________________ weld symbol can be applied to the reference line to denote either an arrow side or other side significance.
Q3) The welding process, PW, is always included in the tail for this particular weld.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The projection welds to be made are localized at predetermined points and appear as projections or embossments.
A)True
B)False
Q5) The welding symbol can be incorporated on the drawing within one extension line or two centerlines.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 20: Seam Welds
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Sample Questions
Q1) The dimension for the length or extent of a seam weld is placed to the ____ of the symbol.
A) bottom
B) top
C) left
D) right
Q2) When the center-to-center spacing (pitch) dimension for intermittent seam welds is to be shown, it is placed to the ____ of the length dimension.
A) bottom
B) top
C) left
D) right
Q3) When an arrow side or other side significance is not intended, the seam-weld symbol is located ____ the reference line.
A) aside
B) astride
C) inside
D) along
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Chapter 21: Stud Welds
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Sample Questions
Q1) A welding process reference stud weld (sw) is included in the
Q2) The arrow on a stud-weld is shown with a break when indicating stud welds.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The stud size dimension is placed to the ____________________ of the stud-weld symbol.
Q4) On the stud-weld symbol, the pitch is placed ____ of the symbol.
A) above
B) below
C) to the left
D) to the right
Q5) To show the location of studs to be welded in a straight line with equal center-to-center spacing, the spacing (pitch) dimension is applied on the ____________________ side of the stud-weld symbol.
Q6) Three elements may be applied to the stud-weld symbol:____.
A) stud size, stud spacing, and the location of stud welds
B) stud size, stud spacing, and the number of stud welds
C) stud size, stud placement, and the location of stud welds
Page 23
D) stud size, stud placement, and the number of stud welds
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Chapter 22: Applied Metrics for Welders
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Sample Questions
Q1) When converting inches to millimeters, you multiply by ____.
A) 0.305
B) 1.639
C) 25.4
D) 645.2
Q2) Metric prefixes represent powers of ____.
A) one
B) two
C) ten
D) twelve
Q3) When converting an inch value to a millimeter value, a(n) ____ process is used.
A) addition
B) subtraction
C) multiplication
D) division
Q4) When converting square inches to square millimeters multiply by ____.
A) 0.305
B) 1.639
C) 25.4
D) 645.2
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Chapter 23: Pipe Welding Symbols
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Sample Questions
Q1) The runs of pipe on a pipe layout are shown without any indication of pipe sizes.
A)True
B)False
Q2) A pipe layout can be represented by any number of ____________________ views, by an oblique view, or by an isometric view.
Q3) Special symbols have been developed to indicate the methods to be used for connecting the components of a pipe ____.
A) fabrication
B) assembly
C) layout
D) build
Q4) Pipe ____________________ are drawings use special sets of symbols to identify the components of piping systems, including pipe, valves, fittings, flanges, and equipment.
Q5) Double-line drawings are used for pipe layouts that use large sizes of pipe and fittings ____________________ inches and over.
Q6) A(n) ____________________ pipe layout may specify several methods of connecting the pipe and fittings.
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Chapter 24: Dual Dimensioning
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Q1) The ____________________ is used in cases where dimensions are so large that it is impractical to show or perform the measurement in millimeters.
Q2) Angle dimensions indicated in ____ are common to the inch and metric systems, and, therefore, are not normally shown as dual dimensioned.
A) degrees
B) radians
C) pi
D) radials
Q3) When the ____ method is used, the inch and metric dimensions are placed in specific locations with respect to one another.
A) positioning
B) placement
C) location
D) drawing
Q4) Dual-dimensioned prints are more costly to prepare; however, they permit greater flexibility in their application.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 25: Inspection and Testing
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Sample Questions
Q1) A ____ test is used to determine structure and soundness.
A) macro etch
B) bend
C) nick break
D) tensile
Q2) For a(n) ____________________, the section of the area to be examined is shown circumscribed by broken lines with circles at the connecting points.
Q3) ____________________ examination practices are used to evaluate weld quality without permanent damage to the weldment.
Q4) The symbol for a leak test is ____________________.
Q5) When a length dimension is applied to the testing symbol with an examine-all-around symbol, it signifies that only a particular length of the area of revolution is to be examined.
A)True
B)False
Q6) ____________________ tests may make the specimen unfit for further service.
Q7) The examination symbol consists of two parts: an arrow and tail.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 26: International Standard Symbols for Welding
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Q1) The variety of dimensions applied to ISO symbols and their locations with respect to the symbols are similar to ____________________ welding symbols.
Q2) ISO symbols for weld representations are generally found on drawings prepared with the views shown in fourth-angle orthographic projection.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The variety of dimensions applied to ISO symbols and their locations with respect to the symbols are exactly the same as the AWS welding symbols.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The ISO symbol used for symmetrical welds is a ____ reference line is used.
A) double continuous
B) single dashed
C) double dashed
D) single continuous
Q5) When an arrow cannot point to a joint, symbolization cannot be used.
A)True
B)False
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Page 28
Chapter 27: Introduction to Computer Aided Drafting
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Q1) The purpose of a(n) ____________________ is to act as a pointer for selecting items on the screen for processing to the CPU.
Q2) ____ by definition is anything that can be stored electronically.
A) Hardware
B) Storage
C) Software
D) Objects
Q3) A ____ is a device that reads text and/or illustrations that were printed on paper and translates it into a form that the computer can understand.
A) reader
B) scanner
C) plotter
D) digitizer
Q4) Three-dimensional drawings produced by CAD are often referred to as ____.
A) plans
B) models
C) ideals
D) symbols
Q5) A computer ____________________ is where CAD drawings are produced.
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Chapter 28: Introduction to Geometric Dimensioning and Tolerancing
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Q1) The ____________________ feature symbol may be attached to an extension line or attached to a feature control frame.
Q2) A reference dimension is a required dimension.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The number and size of compartments within a frame will vary depending upon the extent of data to be specified.
A)True
B)False
Q4) A basic dimension is considered to be an exact dimension to which tolerance values are applied.
A)True
B)False
Q5) The least material condition refers to a part when its material content is produced at its ____________________ size limit.
Q6) Any feature of a part such as a surface, plane, or hole is known as a(n) ____________________ feature.
30
Q7) All dimensions using Feature Control Frames are in ____________________ fractions.
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