Management and Organizational Theory
Test Preparation
Course Introduction
This course provides an in-depth examination of key concepts, principles, and practices in management and organizational theory. It explores the evolution of management thought, including classical, behavioral, and contemporary perspectives, and analyzes the roles, responsibilities, and skills of managers in various organizational contexts. Students will study organizational structures, culture, decision-making processes, motivation, leadership, communication, and change management. Through case studies, discussions, and practical exercises, learners will develop a critical understanding of how effective management and organizational strategies contribute to achieving organizational goals and adapting to dynamic environments.
Recommended Textbook
Contemporary Management 9th Edition by Gareth Jones
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18 Chapters
1987 Verified Questions
1987 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Managers and Managing
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110 Verified Questions
110 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The ability to distinguish between the cause and the effect of a problem in an organization is an important part of the technical skills of a manager.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) The outcome of the control process is:
A) the ability to measure performance accurately and regulate organizational efficiency and effectiveness.
B) the ability to formulate effective business strategies and plan the allocation of resources.
C) the ability to attract customers by producing goods and services more cheaply than any competitor.
D) the ability to motivate employees to perform at a high level.
E) the ability to decide what organizational goals to pursue.
Answer: A
Q3) Top managers are responsible for the performance of all departments.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Page 3
Chapter 2: The Evolution of Management
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110 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) A time-and-motion study involves the careful timing and recording of the actions taken to perform a particular task.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) If an organization has a profit-sharing plan in which employees are able to purchase the company's stock at a discount whenever the organization makes huge profits, then this organization follows Fayol's principle of:
A) centralization.
B) discipline.
C) initiative.
D) esprit de corps.
E) remuneration of personnel.
Answer: E
Q3) When managers rely too much on rules to solve problems, their behavior becomes inflexible.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Page 4
Chapter 3: Values, Attitudes, Emotions, and Culture: The Manager As a Person
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110 Verified Questions
110 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is true of managers in innovative cultures?
A) They establish clear reporting relationships with their employees.
B) They constantly monitor the progress of their employees.
C) They encourage their employees to take risks and experiment.
D) They emphasize formal top-down planning.
E) They develop a clear set of rules by which employees are expected to work.
Answer: C
Q2) The employees of Burger Point enjoy their work very much. This is largely due to their manager, Elise, who is always sympathetic to the needs of her employees and is seldom uncooperative. Elise can be said to be low on the agreeableness continuum.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q3) A strong organizational culture is the product of managers and employees being committed to organizational values.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Chapter 4: Ethics and Social Responsibility
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105 Verified Questions
105 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) _____ have the right to expect a good return or reward by investing their human capital to improve a company's performance.
A) Customers
B) Entrepreneurs
C) Suppliers
D) Distributors
E) Managers
Q2) In today's business world, top executives are receiving large salaries and unbelievable stock options. Is it ethical for managers to receive these amounts? Argue both sides of this question.
Q3) Employees are much more likely to act ethically when a credo does not exist or is avoided.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Ethical beliefs lead to the development of laws and regulations.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Discuss the relationship between ethics and laws.
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Chapter 5: Managing Diverse Employees in a Multicultural Environment
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111 Verified Questions
111 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) From a management perspective, it is of little importance for managers to be sensitive and responsive to the needs and concerns of workers who may be less fortunate than themselves in terms of income and financial resources.
A)True
B)False
Q2) When Michael signs on Stanley for the company basketball team, he assumes that Stanley is a good player because he is African-American. Which of the following is Michael exhibiting in signing Stanley?
A) A bias
B) A gender schema
C) A stereotype
D) Reverse discrimination
E) Overt discrimination
Q3) Diversity is an important organizational resource that doesn't contribute to an organization's competitive advantage.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Explain the importance of managers in managing diversity.
Q5) Describe the three different types of interpersonal managerial roles.
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Chapter 6: Managing in the Global Environment
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111 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Economic, technological, sociocultural, demographic, political, and legal forces in the general environment often have important effects on forces in the task environment that determine an organization's ability to obtain resources.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Which of the following contributed to the lowering of barriers caused by distance and cultural differences?
A) The imposition of government-enforced tariffs on imports
B) The development of communication and transportation technology
C) The rejection of the free-trade doctrine
D) The imposition of government-enforced tariffs on exports
E) The restrictions placed on the flow of capital between nations
Q3) Describe the basic building blocks of national culture briefly.
Q4) National culture is the traditional system of relationships established between people and groups in a society.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Describe the five major forces of the general environment briefly.
Q6) Define globalization and explain why the global market is becoming more open.
Page 8
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Chapter 7: Decision Making, Learning, Creativity, and Entrepreneurship
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111 Verified Questions
111 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is the difference between entrepreneurs and intrapreneurs?
Q2) Decisions that are based on rules and guidelines are known as:
A) brainstormed decisions.
B) heuristic decisions.
C) programmed decisions.
D) intuitive decisions.
E) creative decisions.
Q3) _____ results from the tendency to generalize inappropriately from a small sample or from a single vivid event or episode.
A) Prior hypothesis
B) Dialectical inquiry
C) Escalating commitment
D) Representativeness bias
E) The illusion of control
Q4) Managers make decisions whenever they are engaged in planning, organizing, leading, or controlling.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Discuss the perils of groupthink.
Page 9
Q6) Discuss the two techniques used to counter groupthink and cognitive biases.
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Page 10
Chapter
8: The Manager As a Planner and a Strategist
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112 Verified Questions
112 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The possibility of expanding into a global market is a potential weakness of an organization.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Functional goals and strategies should be independent of divisional and corporate goals and strategies.
A)True
B)False
Q3) In performing a SWOT analysis, a furniture company realized that the number of competing firms in its industry was increasing. The company would classify this as a(n) _____.
A) strength
B) weakness
C) opportunity
D) threat
E) advantage
Q4) What is a SWOT analysis? List the possible strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats a SWOT analysis of your educational institution might reveal.
Q5) Discuss the four qualities of an effective plan as emphasized by Henri Fayol.
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Chapter 9: Value Chain Management: Functional
Strategies for Competitive Advantage
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111 Verified Questions
111 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Discuss the necessity of satisfying customer demands. List some of the general product attributes or qualities that most customers prefer.
Q2) Users of Adobe Reader, created by Adobe Systems Incorporated, are prompted to provide feedback on their experiences with the software in a bid to improve the product. Adobe Systems Incorporated, in this case, is trying to gain a competitive advantage through:
A) superior efficiency.
B) superior infrastructure.
C) superior innovation.
D) superior speed and flexibility.
E) superior responsiveness to customers.
Q3) The gradual improvement and refinement of existing products over time as existing technologies are perfected is called incremental product innovations.
A)True
B)False
Q4) What is a value chain? Define value chain management and list the various functions along the value chain.
Q5) What are the requirements for a cross-functional team to be successful?
Page 12
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Chapter 10: Managing Organizational Structure and Culture
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110 Verified Questions
110 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Increasing the degree of responsibility a worker has over a job is called _____.
A) job enlargement
B) job simplification
C) job enrichment
D) span of control
E) task analyzability
Q2) Which of the following organizing choices are managers most likely to make to obtain scarce resources under a rapidly changing external environment?
A) Establish restrictive norms that guide and govern employees' activities
B) Centralize authority
C) Use a mechanistic form of organizing
D) Establish values that emphasize obedience
E) Create an entrepreneurial culture
Q3) Which of the following is a result of too much job simplification?
A) Increased motivation among employees
B) Reduced job monotony
C) Reduced efficiency
D) Increased level of performance
E) Greater number of tasks for each employee
Q4) Discuss Hackman and Oldham's job characteristics model.
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Chapter 11: Organizational Control and Change
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110 Verified Questions
110 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which type of financial ratio is computed by dividing the organization's present assets by its present liabilities?
A) Inventory turnover ratio
B) Days sales outstanding ratio
C) Profit ratio
D) Current ratio
E) Debt-to-assets ratio
Q2) Evolutionary change involves a bold attempt to quickly find new ways to be effective.
A)True
B)False
Q3) _____ guide behavior and specify what employees are to do when they confront a problem that needs a solution.
A) Rules and SOPs
B) Output controls
C) Feedback controls
D) Evolutionary changes
E) Force-fields
Q4) What are stretch goals?
Q5) Define evolutionary and revolutionary change.
Page 14
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Chapter 12: Human Resource Management
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Sample Questions
Q1) In _____ managers and their subordinates meet whenever the need to discuss ongoing progress and areas for improvement arises.
A) informal appraisals
B) conventional appraisals
C) annual appraisals
D) reserved appraisals
E) formal appraisals
Q2) An advantage afforded by outsourcing is the increased control that managers gain over the quality of goods and services.
A)True
B)False
Q3) A high pay level is best suited for an organization that is pursuing a low-cost strategy.
A)True
B)False
Q4) A disadvantage of outsourcing is increased cost and decreased flexibility.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Discuss the five major components of a human resource management system.
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Chapter 13: Motivation Performance
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, by providing adequate medical benefits and safe working conditions, managers satisfy their employees' _____.
A) need for self-actualization
B) need for safety
C) need for affiliation
D) need for recognition
E) need for power
Q2) Intrinsically motivated behavior is behavior that is performed to acquire material or social rewards or to avoid punishment.
A)True
B)False
Q3) How can pay be used as a source of motivation? How do need theories, the expectance theory, and learning theories describe the importance of pay?
Q4) Managers who derive a sense of accomplishment and achievement from helping the organization achieve its goals and gain competitive advantages are extrinsically motivated.
A)True
B)False
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Page 16
Chapter 14: Leadership
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109 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Corby Motors allows assembly-line workers to discard parts that do not meet quality standards without needing the permission of their manager first. This is an example of
A) employee empowerment
B) intrinsic motivation
C) instrumentality
D) servant leadership
E) referent power
Q2) According to Fiedler, the situational characteristic which deals with the extent to which subordinates trust and are loyal to a leader is known as task structure.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Leaders who are high on emotional intelligence are less likely to understand the emotions surrounding creative endeavors.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Small, unsuccessful businesses do not benefit from transformational leadership.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 15: Effective Groups and Teams
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Sample Questions
Q1) Managers at Clementiq Inc. established a group comprising engineers from Germany, Japan, and the United States for the design and manufacture of a new product for the organization. This is known as a(n) _____ team.
A) cross-cultural
B) informal
C) top-management
D) advocacy
E) interest
Q2) Informal groups of workers who socialize with one another on the job are known as friendship groups.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Pooled, sequential, and reciprocal are different types of task interdependencies.
A)True
B)False
Q4) With an example, discuss the advantages of cross-functional teams in improving responsiveness to customers for an organization.
Q5) Discuss the five stages of group development.
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Page 18
Chapter 16: Promoting Effective Communication
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110 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Nonverbal communication is used as an alternative to verbal communication.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Telecommuters are:
A) people who are employed by an organization but are permanently placed in a client location.
B) people who are employed by an organization but work out of offices in their own homes.
C) people who are employed by one organization but work for another client organization.
D) people who are always on the move, traveling back and forth to the office, attending one client meeting after another.
E) people who are self-employed.
Q3) Filtering occurs when senders withhold part of a message because they think the receiver does not need the information or will not want to receive it.
A)True
B)False
Q4) What are the communication skills that managers must possess as receivers of messages?
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Chapter 17: Managing Conflict, Politics, and Negotiation
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Sample Questions
Q1) Bringing in an outside expert to support a proposal or decision reduces the credibility of a manager's initiatives.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Which of the following is true of the political strategy that emphasizes relying on objective information?
A) It causes others to believe that what the manager is proposing is the appropriate or rational thing to do.
B) It helps managers develop mutually beneficial relationships with people both inside and outside the organization.
C) It generates knowledge resources such as marketing, information technology, or engineering expertise.
D) It helps managers influence the alternatives that are considered, and each considered alternative is acceptable to them.
E) It makes sure that everyone who supports the proposal benefits personally from providing that support.
Q3) Differentiate between the four types of organizational conflict and provide an example for each.
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Chapter 18: Used Advanced Information Technology to Increase Performance
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Sample Questions
Q1) Raw, unsummarized, and unanalyzed facts are called _____.
A) sociofacts
B) data
C) information
D) feedback
E) morse codes
Q2) Application software tells the computer hardware how to run.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Information from inside the organization is sufficient for managers to make effective decisions.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Which of the following is an example of a programmed decision?
A) Investing in a new type of production technology
B) Developing a new type of consumer product
C) Launching a new type of promotional campaign
D) Expanding sales into a new country
E) Refilling ink into a copier
Q5) Define e-commerce and differentiate between B2B and B2C.
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