Management and Organizational Studies
Exam Questions
Course Introduction
Management and Organizational Studies explores the foundational principles and practices involved in effectively managing organizations and leading people. The course examines key concepts such as planning, organizing, leading, and controlling within both public and private sector contexts. Topics include the study of organizational structure, decision-making processes, motivation, team dynamics, leadership styles, culture, and change management. Through a blend of theoretical frameworks and real-world examples, students gain insight into how managers can foster productive work environments and respond to complex organizational challenges in an evolving global landscape.
Recommended Textbook
Leadership Enhancing the Lessons of Experience 6th Edition by Richard L. Hughes
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13 Chapters
736 Verified Questions
736 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Leadership Is Everyones Business
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55 Verified Questions
55 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements is incorrect?
A)The idea of "one-man leadership" is a contradiction in terms
B)Leadership is a social influence process shared among all members of a group
C)Followers are part of the leadership process
D)Leadership is restricted to the influence exerted by someone in a particular role
Answer: D
Q2) Knowledge of leadership research is a proven prerequisite for leadership effectiveness.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q3) Statements such as "Managers control;leaders inspire" represent a view that leaders and managers are fundamentally different kinds of people.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Page 3
Chapter 2: Leadership Involves an Interaction Between the
Leader, the Followers, and the Situation
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55 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Men view leadership as an exchange with subordinates for services rendered.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) Leaders have considerably more influence with in-group followers than with out-group followers.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) According to a recent study,one of the general factors that explains the shift toward more women leaders is that women themselves have changed.How is this evident?
A)A trend toward less stereotypically masculine characterizations of leadership
B)Women's aspirations and attitudes have become more similar to those of men over time
C)A legislation prohibiting gender-based discrimination at work
D)Changes in organizational norms that put a higher priority on results than an "old boy" network
Answer: B
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Chapter 3: Leadership Is Developed Through Education and Experience
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54 Verified Questions
54 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The tendency to make external attributions for one's own failures,yet make internal attributions for one's successes is called
A)Fundamental attribution error
B)Actor/observer difference
C)Self-serving bias
D)Fallacy of the single cause
Answer: C
Q2) The key to developing one's leadership ability is making the most of A)Experience
B)Research
C)Education
D)Skills
Answer: A
Q3) Define single-loop learning.
Answer: Single-loop learning exists when learners seek relatively little feedback that significantly confronts their fundamental ideas or actions.There is relatively little public testing of ideas against valid information.
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Page 5
Chapter 4: Assessing Leadership and Measuring Its Effects
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56 Verified Questions
56 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The root cause of most major industrial accidents and incidents can be traced back to management cost-cutting initiatives.
A)True
B)False
Q2) How can one differentiate between successful and unsuccessful leaders?
A)By the attributes of their followers
B)By the attributes they possess
C)By the productivity of their followers
D)By the behaviors they exhibit
Q3) These persons in positions of authority do not want attention and have difficulties with both building teams and getting results.
A)Results only managers
B)Competent managers
C)In name only managers
D)Cheerleaders
Q4) Write a short note on the practice-research gap.
Q5) Describe a multiple hurdles approach for selecting a new city administrator.
Q6) What is the practice-research gap?
Q7) Describe the differences between correlational studies and experiments.
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Chapter 5: Power and Influence
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55 Verified Questions
55 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) People typically use legitimizing or pressure tactics when
A)They are at a disadvantage
B)An influencer has the upper hand
C)They expect resistance
D)Parties are relatively equal in power
Q2) Which of the following statements concerning power and influence is incorrect?
A)Effective leaders typically take advantage of all their sources of power
B)Leaders in well-functioning firms are not influenced by their subordinates
C)Leaders vary in the extent to which they share power with subordinates
D)Effective leaders generally work to increase their various power bases
Q3) A judge who gives a convicted prisoner a suspended sentence but tells him to consider the suspension a "sword hanging over your head" if he breaks the law again is using
A)Legitimizing tactics
B)Coalition tactics
C)Pressure tactics
D)Rational persuasion
Q4) Compare and contrast the need for power with the motivation to manage.
Q5) Describe motivation to manage in terms of six composites.
Q6) Write a short note on the different influence tactics as assessed by the IBQ.
Page 7
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Chapter 6: Leadership and Values
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64 Verified Questions
64 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Describe the differences between instrumental and terminal values and give an example of each.
Q2) Which of the following statements concerning servant leadership is true?
A)The leader's primary role is to do whatever it takes to assure that things run smoothly
B)It is derived from a bureaucratic view of organizations
C)It places emphasis upon listening effectively to others
D)It has commonly involved a very top-down and hierarchical approach to leadership
Q3) The GLOBE project has demonstrated that there are no leader characteristics that are valued positively in some cultures but negatively in others.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Leaders who demonstrate empathy with us
A)Pull people together on the basis of shared beliefs
B)Show they understand the world as we see and experience it
C)Have common sense of organizational purpose and belonging
D)Demonstrate their commitment to higher principles through their actions
Q5) Write a short note on authentic leadership.
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8
Chapter 7: Leadership Traits
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Sample Questions
Q1) The primary role of leaders is not so much to be creative themselves as to build an environment where others can be creative.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Leaders and followers who possess higher levels of this type of intelligence tend to be quick learners and have the ability to make accurate deductions,assumptions and inferences with relatively unfamiliar information.
A)Analytic intelligence
B)Practical intelligence
C)Creative intelligence
D)Social intelligence
Q3) A leader who has a lot of knowledge and experience in leading a pharmaceutical research team may feel like a duck out of water when asked to lead a major fund-raising effort for a charitable institution.This example illustrates that practical intelligence
A)Is concerned with knowledge and experience
B)Is domain specific
C)Is the ability to learn
D)Is the ability to produce work that is novel
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Page 9
Chapter 8: Leadership Behavior
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60 Verified Questions
60 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) In terms of the Leadership Grid,leaders scoring 1,9 denotes
A)Low concern for people and high concern for production
B)High concern for people and production
C)High concern for people and low concern for production
D)Low concern for people and production
Q2) Role plays and videotape are used extensively during informal coaching sessions.
A)True
B)False
Q3) White peers and subordinates generally gave about the same level of ratings for both black and white peers and bosses.
A)True
B)False
Q4) There is a universal set of leader behaviors always associated with leadership success.
A)True B)False
Q5) Write a short note on the five steps of informal coaching.
Q6) Compare and contrast intrapersonal skills with interpersonal skills.
Q7) Compare and contrast consideration and initiating structure.
Q8) What is informal mentoring?
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Chapter 9: Motivation, Satisfaction, and Performance
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60 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Among the following underlying causes of performance problems,leaders seem to have the most difficulty recognizing and rectifying
A)Motivation problems
B)Unclear expectations
C)Skill deficits
D)Resource/equipment shortages
Q2) Anything that provides direction,intensity and persistence to behavior is
A)Motivation
B)Performance
C)Effectiveness
D)Satisfaction
Q3) Which theory states that motivation is based on three levels of needs and that more than one need may operate at the same time?
A)Achievement orientation
B)ERG theory
C)Expectancy theory
D)Maslow's hierarchy
Q4) Write a short note on intrinsic motivation.
Q5) Compare and contrast performance and effectiveness.
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Chapter 10: Groups, Teams, and Their Leadership
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51 Verified Questions
51 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) This role conflict occurs when a store manager encourages a salesperson to mislead customers about the quality of the store's products when this behavior is inconsistent with the salesperson's values and beliefs.
A)Interrole conflict
B)Intrasender role conflict
C)Intersender role conflict
D)Person-role conflict
Q2) Ollieism occurs when people in a highly cohesive group often become more concerned with striving for unanimity than in objectively appraising different courses of action.
A)True
B)False
Q3) This refers to any time people increase their level of work due to the presence of others.
A)Social facilitation
B)Individual anonymity
C)Social loafing
D)Groupthink
Q4) Define role conflict and describe at least three types of conflict.
Q5) Describe two benefits and two drawbacks of greater group cohesion.
Page 12
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Chapter 11: Characteristics of the Situation
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Sample Questions
Q1) Write a short note on the 'feedback' as a task component in the job characteristics model with examples.
Q2) Explain how level of authority affects leaders' and followers' behavior.
Q3) Acme is a manufacturing firm with a bureaucratic structure,using technology of moderately high complexity.Because management has put off updating equipment,the company now faces a crisis.What type of leadership is needed to oversee the transition to new equipment?
A)Assertive
B)Consultative
C)Flexible
D)Supportive
Q4) Explain how organizational culture impacts organizational climate.
Q5) What is the greatest disadvantage of the matrix design?
A)Decreased lateral communication and coordination
B)Inefficient utilization of human resources
C)Employees end up working for two bosses
D)It can create scheduling nightmares
Q6) Organizational climate is partly a function of organizational culture.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 12: Contingency Theories of Leadership
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50 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) In situational leadership,'follower readiness' refers to a follower's ability and willingness to accomplish a particular task.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Describe a situation where the variables from path-goal theory would make certain leader behaviors redundant or superfluous.
Q3) Which of the following statements about the path-goal theory is true?
A)It considers three subelements in situation favorability including leader-member relations,task structure and position power
B)If a task is very structured and routine,the formal authority system has constrained followers' behaviors
C)It maintains that follower and situational variables can impact each other D)Redundant leader behaviors might be interpreted by followers as a complete lack of understanding
Q4) The normative decision model shifts focus away from the situation and the followers to the leader.
A)True
B)False
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14
Chapter 13: Leadership and Change
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Sample Questions
Q1) The rational approach provides leaders with a siloed thinking process on how to drive change.
A)True
B)False
Q2) According to Beer's model for organizational change formula,C = D x M x P > R,what does "C" stand for?
A)The amount of coordination
B)The type of coordination
C)The amount of change
D)The type of change
Q3) In comparing managers to leaders,which of the following is most likely true?
A)Leadership is concerned with doing the right thing,management is concerned with doing things right
B)Leaders maintain the status quo,managers challenge the status quo
C)Leadership involves maintaining the current state of affairs,whereas management involves changing the way things are
D)Leaders are more likely to take a short-term view,managers are more apt to take a long-term view
Q4) How can the C = D x M x P > R model help leadership practitioners?
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