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Low-level Programming explores the foundational aspects of computer systems by teaching students how to write software that interacts directly with hardware. The course covers essential topics such as memory management, pointers, hardware interfacing, and the use of assembly language or other low-abstraction programming languages like C. Students learn how computer instructions are executed, how to optimize code for performance and efficiency, and how operating systems manage hardware resources. By gaining a deeper understanding of what occurs "under the hood," students develop skills critical for systems programming, embedded development, and performance-critical applications.
Recommended Textbook
Assembly Language for x86 Processors 7th Edition by Kip R. Irvine
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17 Chapters
255 Verified Questions
255 Flashcards
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14 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) In any numbering system,the radix specifies the range of alphanumeric digits that can be assigned to a single digit position.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) The hexadecimal representation of decimal 35 is 33h
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q3) A virtual machine may be constructed from software.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q4) A compiler decodes and executes one program statement at a time.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Sample Questions
Q1) Data travels along a bus with n bits running in parallel,where the bus is n bits wide.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) In Real-address mode,multiple programs can run at the same time,but they can only address physical memory.
A)True
B)False Answer: False
Q3) In 64-bit mode,you can use three more general-purpose registers than in 32-bit mode.
A)True
B)False Answer: False
Q4) The lower half of the RCX register is called EBX.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Sample Questions
Q1) The .DATA directive must always occur before the .CODE directive.
A)True
B)False Answer: False
Q2) The following is a valid data definition statement: varX WORD 100h,65536
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q3) An identifier in assembly language may only contain letters and digits.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q4) In the following statement,EAX is called the source operand: mov EBX,EAX
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Q1) The following instruction will produce 1FFFFFFCh in EDX: movsx edx,-4
A)True
B)False
Q2) The EIP register can be the source operand of a MOV,ADD,or SUB instruction.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The following instructions will set the Overflow flag: mov al,80h sub al,-5
A)True
B)False
Q4) When you move a 16-bit constant or an 8-bit constant into a 64-bit register,the upper bits of the destination operand are cleared. A)True
B)False
Q5) The format for the ADD instruction is: MOV source,destination A)True B)False
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Sample Questions
Q1) By default,labels are visible only within the procedure in which they are declared.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The WriteHex procedure displays integers in hexadecimal format only if an additional formatting parameter is passed in the EDX register.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The RET instruction pops the value pointed to by EBP off the stack into the instruction pointer..
A)True
B)False
Q4) The RandomRange procedure always produces a random integer between 0 and 0FFFFFFFFh
A)True
B)False
Q5) The EBP register points to the last value pushed on the runtime stack.
A)True
B)False
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Q1) The OR instruction can be used to find the intersection of two bit-mapped sets.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The destination operand of the OR instruction cannot be a memory operand.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The XOR instruction can be used to generate the two's complement of an integer.
A)True
B)False
Q4) With unsigned operands,the CMP instruction sets the Carry flag when the destination operand is less than the source operand.
A)True
B)False
Q5) The JO instruction is used after an operation involving signed integers.
A)True
B)False
Q6) For any two integers n and m,((n XOR m)XOR m)produces n.
A)True
B)False
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Q1) The destination operand of the IMUL instruction may be a memory operand.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The binary value of AL after the following instructions have executed is 00001101. mov al,01101011b shr al,2
A)True
B)False
Q3) The SAR instruction is suitable for signed integers.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The ROR instruction is only suitable for signed integers.
A)True
B)False
Q5) The SAR and SHR instructions perform the same operation. A)True
B)False
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Q1) The C calling convention requires the calling program to reset the stack pointer after the subroutine has returned.
A)True B)False
Q2) The CALL instruction can only have a single operand. A)True B)False
Q3) The following is a valid LOCAL declaration: LOCAL index:DWORD
A)True B)False
Q4) When a 32-bit mode prgram needs to pass a 64-bit integer argument to a subroutine on the stack,you should push the low-order doubleword of the argument first,followed by the high-order doubleword. A)True B)False
Q5) The C calling convention is used by the Irvine32 library. A)True B)False
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Q1) The Str_compare procedure returns no value in the EAX register.Instead,it sets the Carry and Zero flags.
A)True
B)False
Q2) On the first pass through an array of N items,the inner loop of a bubble sort executes N - 1 times.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The REPNE prefix repeats an instruction while the Zero flag is set,and ECX is greater than zero.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The EDX and ECX registers can be combined in a based-indexed operand. A)True
B)False
Q5) Binary search uses a divide and conquer strategy.
A)True B)False
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Q1) The following statements create five uninitialized DWORD variables in which each variable name is a member of the following list: monday,tuesday,wednesday,thursday,friday: FOR varName,<monday,tuesday,wednesday,thursday,friday> DWORD varName <> ENDM
A)True
B)False
Q2) Replacing macro invocations with procedure calls tends to make a program run faster.
A)True
B)False
Q3) A structure variable cannot be declared inside another structure. A)True
B)False
Q4) The IFNDIF directive permits assembly if two arguments are equal. A)True
B)False
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Q1) The CREATE_NEW constant can be passed to the creationDisposition parameter in the CreateFile function.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The Win32 ReadConsoleInput function reads character input from the console buffer,but does not remove the characters from the buffer.
A)True
B)False
Q3) If you want to open an existing file,you must call the Win32 OpenFile function.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The SetConsoleTextAttribute function can be used to change the color of text that has already been written to the screen buffer.
A)True
B)False
Q5) The SetFilePointer function permits you to start reading from any point in a file. A)True B)False
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Sample Questions
Q1) If we were to denormalize the binary number 1.1101 x 2<sup>3</sup>,the result would be binary 1110.1.
A)True
B)False
Q2) A double extended-precision real occupies 60 of storage.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The single-precision real representation of zero contains zeros in the mantissa and ones in the exponent.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Not all values between 0 and 1 can be represented by a single-precision significand,but all such values can be represented by an extended-precision significand. A)True
B)False
Q5) The first byte of every x86 machine instruction is the ModR/M byte. A)True
B)False

14
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Q1) Name decoration is used by C++ because it supports the overloading of function names.
A)True B)False
Q2) The Visual C++ compiler contains command-line options for generating assembly language source code.
A)True B)False
Q3) The EVEN and ALIGN directives can be used in Visual C++ inline assembly code.
A)True B)False
Q4) In Visual C++,the PTR directive cannot be used in inline assembly code. A)True B)False
Q5) Optimizing C++ compilers rarely substitute registers in the place of variables when they generate assembly language source code.
A)True B)False
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Q1) The device names for parallel printer port 1 are both PRN and LPT1.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The INT instruction uses a value in the BX register to locate an entry in the interrupt vector table.
A)True
B)False
Q3) There is no INT 21h function that lets you set a file's I/O pointer past the end of a file.
A)True
B)False
Q4) MS-DOS services are handled by INT 21h.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Video services are handled by INT 16h.
A)True
B)False
Q6) INT 21h,function 10h writes a string to standard output.
A)True
B)False

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Q1) A hard disk partition can be divided into multiple volumes.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The MS-DOS file attribute byte does not include a hidden attribute.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Clusters are the basic unit of storage for directories and files in a FAT-type file system.
A)True
B)False
Q4) A disk containing primarily small files should use a small cluster size to make the most efficient use of space.
A)True
B)False
Q5) An extended partition can be divided into any number of logical partitions.
A)True
B)False
Q6) A track contains multiple sectors.
A)True
B)False
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Q1) INT 10h function 9 displays a character and attribute at the current cursor position.
A)True
B)False
Q2) In text mode,each character is assigned a separate attribute byte that determines its color.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Character colors use 4 bits for the foreground color,and 4 bits for the background color.Blinking is controlled by a 9<sup>th</sup> bit that is not part of the attribute byte.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Keys stored in the keyboard typeahead buffer can only be retrieved by calling INT 16h.
A)True
B)False
Q5) The BIOS data area includes the keyboard typeahead buffer.
A)True
B)False
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Q1) The ASSUME directive permits the assembler to calculate the offsets of labels and variables.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The segment combine type tells the linker how to combine segments having the same name.
A)True
B)False
Q3) IA-32 systems offer two types of hardware input-output: memory-mapped,and port-based.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Only one code segment may be created in a single program module.
A)True
B)False
Q5) When an interrupt executes,an address in the Exception Process Table is used to locate the interrrupt handler.
A)True
B)False
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