Logic and Critical Thinking
Mock Exam
Course Introduction
Logic and Critical Thinking is an introductory course designed to enhance students reasoning and analytical abilities. The course explores the principles of correct reasoning, the structure of arguments, and the distinction between deductive and inductive reasoning. Students will learn how to identify logical fallacies, construct sound arguments, and critically analyze information in academic, professional, and everyday contexts. Through practice with real-world examples and formal logic, the course aims to foster clear, coherent, and independent thought, equipping students with vital tools for systematic evaluation and effective decision-making.
Recommended Textbook
Critical Thinking A Users Manual 1st Edition by
Debra Jackson
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10 Chapters
215 Verified Questions
215 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/study-set/3637
Page 2
Chapter 1: Recognizing Arguments
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20 Verified Questions
20 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/72300
Sample Questions
Q1) The Roadrunners are the best team in our region, and they are playing against the Bulldogs tonight.
A) 0
B) 1
C) 2
D) 3
Answer: C
Q2) We should hire a new member for our department because our workload has significantly increased in the past three months, and the existing staff cannot keep up.
A) Argument
B) Explanation
C) Neither an argument nor an explanation
Answer: A
Q3) Be wary of strangers on the Internet.
A) 0
B) 1
C) 2
D) 3
Answer: A
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Page 3
Chapter 2: Analyzing Arguments
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25 Verified Questions
25 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) If you are looking for a candidate who will be governor for the future and who will listen to the voices of all the people who vote in this country, then you ought to vote for the candidate supported by the "America First" party.
Answer: This passage contains neither an argument nor an explanation. There is only one claim, and both arguments and explanations contain at least two claims.
Q2) "Many members of Congress oppose elements of the legislation, so the president's health care reform bill will not pass. Accordingly, the president will soon be revising his plan for health care reform." Which of the following issues represents the issue(s) of this argument?
A) Whether many members of Congress oppose elements of the president's health care reform bill.
B) Whether the president's health care reform bill will pass.
C) Whether the president will soon be revising his plan for health care reform.
D) Both B and C.
Answer: C
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Chapter 3: Diagramming Arguments
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25 Verified Questions
25 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) A vegetable is the best source of vitamins and minerals, so members of the cabbage family must be good sources of vitamins and minerals. From this we can infer that broccoli is a good thing to eat. Besides, it tastes terrible, and things that taste terrible must be good to eat.
Answer: 1. A vegetable is the best source of vitamins and minerals, so 2. members of the cabbage family must be good sources of vitamins and minerals. From this we can infer that 3.broccoli is a good thing to eat. Besides, 4. it tastes terrible, and 5. things that taste terrible must be good to eat.
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Q2) If one looks at the whole world today, there is no place for Japan to secure commercial and industrial profits but Asia.-Peter Duus, Modern Japan
Answer: This passage from Peter Duus' Modern Japan contains neither an argument nor an explanation. The passage contains only one claim, and both arguments and explanations need a minimum of two claims.
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Chapter 4: Detecting Fallacies
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15 Verified Questions
15 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) We are constantly hearing about the need to pay teachers based on their performance. What a terrible idea! Teachers are people who unselfishly give time and energy to their pupils. They also serve as important roles models for young people. Furthermore, they all have invested time and money in earning their college degrees.
A) begging the question
B) appeal to ignorance
C) appeal to illegitimate authority
D) ad hominem
E) strawman
F) red herring
G) no fallacy committed
Q2) Just in the last month I've heard a number of people claiming that one-use plastic bags from grocery stores are terrible for the environment. Hah! Using plastic bags is by far the easiest way to carry groceries, and the cost to the store must be insignificant.
Q3) The goal of helping students with homework and providing an academic support system at home is to enable them to develop independent study skills. For this to happen, parents and teachers need to work cooperatively. -Vaughn, Bos, and Schumm, Teaching Exceptional, Diverse, and At-Risk Students
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6
Chapter 5: Preparing to Evaluate Arguments
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20 Verified Questions
20 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The reason that the number of latch key children has risen in recent months is that more families than ever before have both adults working full time.
Q2) Pear, plum, and apple trees are like apricot trees. Since pear, plum, and apple trees are good trees to plant for attracting hummingbirds, it's likely that planting apricot trees also attracts hummingbirds.
Q3) The best policy if you experience any of the above problems (e.g., aggression toward humans, persistent destructive behavior) is to consult a qualified trainer or veterinarian for evaluation of your individual situation. -Monks of New Skete, How to be Your Dog's Best Friend
Q4) Using a lemon when cooking is like using a lime. Given that limes can be added to bland foods to give them some zest, lemons, too, will give zest to bland foods.
A) categorical argument
B) truth-functional argument
C) analogical argument
D) inductive generalization
E) causal argument
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Page 7
Chapter 6: Evaluating Categorical Arguments
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30 Verified Questions
30 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The only path to success is through hard work.
Q2) Mark Twain turned to writing as a career because he saw it as a way to make money without having to work very hard. Boy, was he surprised!-C. P. Snyder, The Life of Mark Twain
Q3) If you don't register, then you can't vote.
Q4) Because Felicia is musical, she will be good at mathematics.
Q5) All boa constrictors are poisonous snakes. No rattlesnakes are boa constrictors. No rattlesnakes are poisonous snakes.
Q6) If you want to be a nursing major, then you must take an anatomy class.
Q7) School buses are the only vehicles exempt from seatbelt laws. So, a few private vehicles are not exempt from seatbelt laws.
Q8) Not everyone who's tall plays basketball. This is because soccer players are tall, and not every soccer player is a basketball player.
Q9) Not every six-year old knows how to tie his or her shoes.
Q10) Educated people have good manners, and no one who has good manners can be selfish.
Q11) Shakira is a singer.
Q12) Whenever the phone rings the dog barks. Page 8
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Page 9
Chapter 7: Evaluating Truth-Functional Arguments
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35 Verified Questions
35 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The death penalty will deter terrorists only if it deters murderers. Consequently, the death penalty will not deter terrorists since it has been shown to not deter murderers.
Q2) This spring, Michael will go to Europe or travel through China, and he will keep a daily journal.
A) E \(\lor\) C J
B) (E \(\lor\) C) J
C) E \(\lor\) (C J)
D) (E C) \(\lor\) J
Q3) If you are not married and have an infant, then you are sleep deprived. Therefore, you must get plenty of sleep since you are neither unmarried nor have an infant.
Q4) If the government does not do something about white-collar crime, then we will not have a rebound in the stock market. Since the government will certainly be doing something about white-collar crime because Congress demands action, we can count on seeing the stock market rebound.
Q5) P \(\sqsupset\) S
J \(\sqsupset\) S \(\therefore\) P \(\sqsupset\) J
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Page 10
Chapter 8: Evaluating Analogical Arguments
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15 Verified Questions
15 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Octopus defend themselves by ejecting ink from their bodies. We can expect, then, that squid also defend themselves by ejecting ink from their bodies. After all, both octopus and squid are mollusks and have blue blood.
Q2) Which analogical argument is stronger?
A) Working as an intern at a law office requires problem solving. Lawyers, too, must solve problems. Therefore, since lawyers need good critical thinking skills, it's likely that interns at law offices need good critical thinking skills.
B) Working as an intern at a law office requires the ability to solve problems and the ability to defend your solutions to your colleagues. Lawyers, too, must have the ability to solve problems and the ability to defend their solutions to their colleagues. Therefore, since lawyers need good critical thinking skills, it's likely that interns at law offices need good critical thinking skills.
Q3) Start wearing your bicycle helmet! You would never consider riding in a car without a seatbelt, and riding a bicycle without a helmet is like riding in a car without a seatbelt. Both put your life a risk. Moreover, both are illegal.
Q4) Some people claim that stretching before exercising is a waste of time. I disagree. No one has proven that's true.
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11
Chapter 9: Evaluating Inductive Generalizations
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15 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) House Republicans have been arguing that entitlement programs such as Social Security and Medicare need to be reduced by up to 10%. But is depriving our elderly of all government assistance really what we want to do? I don't think so. These are the people who have sacrificed for us, their children, and they deserve better in their old age.
Q2) The food at Albertson's is really expensive. Yesterday my husband bought a small pack of pork chops and three baking potatoes, and it came to almost ten dollars.
Q3) Which inductive generalization is stronger?
A) In a psychology class experiment to determine how many students suffer from test anxiety, student researchers visited three freshman-level courses and had students fill out survey questionnaires. Since 53% of respondents admitted to having test anxiety, it's safe to conclude that about half of all students on campus have test anxiety.
B) In a psychology class experiment to determine how many students suffer from test anxiety, student researchers visited one freshman-level course, one sophomore-level course, and one senior course and had students fill out survey questionnaires. Since 53% of respondents admitted to having test anxiety, it's safe to conclude that about half of all students on campus have test anxiety.
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Chapter 10: Evaluating Causal Arguments
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15 Verified Questions
15 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) It's clear that Egyptian plain clothes police provocateurs caused the violence in Tahrir Square since the violence in the square resulted from Egyptian police not in uniform.
Q2) Quentin Tarantino's new movie is not doing well at the box office. The cause must be the lack of violence because all his previous movies had loads of violence, and this one has none.
Q3) The stock market lost 10% of its value last week. Why is that? It appears that the cause was the closure of the Suez Canal, since that was the only factor that was different from the previous week where stock prices were at record highs. No major oil exporting nations lowered exports, no major refiners were experiencing slowdowns, and no major crises were taking place elsewhere in the world.
Q4) Teachers will not get cost-of-living raises this year unless other state employees get raises. Given that other state employees will not be getting raises of any kind due to the fact that state legislators have declared a moratorium on state wage hikes, teachers will not be getting cost-of-living raises this year.
Q5) Painting the Golden Gate Bridge is an ongoing job because the salt air from the ocean rusts and corrodes the steel components.-goldengatebridge.org
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