Local Anesthesia for Dental Hygienists
Review Questions
Course Introduction
This course provides dental hygiene students with a comprehensive understanding of the theory, techniques, and application of local anesthesia in dental settings. Topics include the pharmacology of anesthetic agents, proper patient assessment, anatomical landmarks, methods of pain and anxiety control, complications management, and legal and ethical considerations surrounding anesthesia administration. Through both didactic instruction and supervised clinical experiences, students gain the knowledge and practical skills required to safely and effectively administer local anesthetics as part of comprehensive patient care.
Recommended Textbook
Local Anesthesia for the Dental Hygienist 1st Edition by Demetra D. Logothetis
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15 Chapters
509 Verified Questions
509 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: Local Anesthesia in Dental Hygiene Practice: an Introduction
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34 Verified Questions
34 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Patients experience fewer allergic reactions
A)ester (E)
B)amide (A)
C)inhalation drug (I)
Answer: B
Q2) Performing a complete health history review at every appointment helps practitioners recognize stressors and health conditions that may complicate dental procedures.Taking a patient's vital signs does not play an important role in assessing a patient's level of apprehension.
A) Both statements are true.
B) Both statements are false.
C) The first statement is true; the second statement is false.
D) The first statement is false; the second statement is true.
Answer: C
Q3) Prilocaine
A)ester (E)
B)amide (A)
C)inhalation drug (I)
Answer: B
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Chapter 2: Neurophysiology
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Sample Questions
Q1) What do local anesthetic drugs inhibit in order to prevent nerve cell stimulation?
A) Sodium influx
B) Potassium influx
C) Chloride excretion
D) All of the above
Answer: A
Q2) Nerve fiber type _____ ,the largest nerve fiber with the fastest conduction velocity,is responsible for what type of pain?
A) A alpha; pain related to temperature
B) A delta; sharp pain
C) B; touch and pressure pain
D) C; dull, aching pain
Answer: B
Q3) What is another name for axons?
A) Core bundles
B) Mantle bundles
C) Nerve fibers
D) All of the above
Answer: D
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Page 4
Chapter 3: Pharmacology of Local Anesthetic Agents
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33 Verified Questions
33 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Based on Sam's physical symptoms,what should you consider?
A) Sam is extremely relaxed and his blood pressure medication is working.
B) Sam is extremely stressed.
C) Sam may be experiencing a mild overdose to the anesthetic.
D) Sam may be experiencing a cardiovascular crisis.
Answer: D
Q2) Local anesthetics are vasoconstrictors and decrease the absorption of the drug by the blood.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q3) What factor/factors influence the duration of the effects of local anesthetics?
A) Degree of protein binding
B) Vascularity of injection site
C) Addition or absence of a vasoconstrictor
D) All of the above
Answer: D
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Chapter 4: Pharmacology of Vasoconstrictors
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Sample Questions
Q1) The number of 1:200,000 epinephrine-anesthesia cartridges that a healthy patient may have per dental appointment is______.
Q2) What factors might contribute to an accidental overdose of vasoconstrictors?
A) Poor technique
B) Selection of an inappropriate type of vasoconstrictor
C) Too much vasoconstrictor administered
D) All of the above
Q3) Which of the following may cause an endogenous release of epinephrine?
A) An injection of epinephrine
B) Anxiety related to a divorce
C) Apprehension about a dental appointment
D) All of the above
Q4) Which receptors are the most sensitive to epinephrine?
A) Alpha receptors
B) Beta receptors
C) Alpha and beta receptors are equal
D) Adrenergic receptors
Q5) The number of 1:50,000 epinephrine-anesthesia cartridges that a patient with cardiovascular disease may have per dental appointment is ______.
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Chapter 5: Local Anesthetic Agents
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is the solution that was added to the cartridge of local anesthetic to prevent bacterial growth?
A) Vasoconstrictor preservative
B) Sodium hydroxide
C) Sodium chloride
D) Methylparaben
Q2) Sodium chloride is a buffer creating an injectable solution that is isotonic.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Which anesthetic solution is still available in multidose vials and is used in medicine as an antiarrhythmic agent?
A) Mepivacaine
B) Bupivacaine
C) Carbocaine
D) Procaine
Q4) Intermediate-action anesthetics are most commonly used for regular restorative dentistry and nonsurgical periodontal therapy.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 6: Topical Anesthetic Agents
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is the main difference in the mechanism of action between topical anesthetics and injectable anesthetics?
A) Location of the blocking of nerve conduction
B) Increase of depolarization
C) Decrease of excitability threshold
D) All of the above
Q2) What is a drawback to the use of an unmetered topical anesthetic spray?
A) Cost
B) Not dose manageable
C) Cross-contamination
D) Site-specific
Q3) Which of the following are considered advantages of the application of dental topical anesthetics in a patch form?
A) Site-specific
B) Multiple choices
C) Cost-effective
D) All of the above
Q4) List common forms of topical anesthetics used in dentistry.
Q5) List the methods for delivery of topical anesthetic drugs.
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Chapter 7: Preanesthetic Assessment
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Sample Questions
Q1) Patients with malignant hyperthermia
A)Life-threatening syndrome caused by general anesthetics
B)Avoid use of vasopressors; may lead to myocardial infarction
C)Competitively inhibits PABA in microorganisms
D)Will inhibit the reuptake of vasoconstrictor
E)Frequently prescribed for the treatment of myasthenia gravis and glaucoma
F)Increases effects of epinephrine; avoid levonordefrin
G)Use esters or amides judiciously because they may increase risk of toxicity
H)Administer prilocaine or articaine because this drug reduces liver capacity to metabolize amides
I)Administer prilocaine or articaine as these drugs decrease hepatic blood flow
J)Limit amount of vasopressor because it can increase ocular pressure
Q2) Vasoconstrictors are an absolute contraindication for a patient with uncontrolled diabetes.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The use of amide local anesthetic agents,not prilocaine or topical benzocaine,is recommended for a patient with methemoglobinemia.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 8: Determining Drug Doses
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Sample Questions
Q1) Who determines the maximum doses of local anesthetics used in dentistry?
1) Council on Dental Therapeutics2. United States Pharmacopeial Convention3. American Dental Association4. Drug experts5. Drug manufacturer6. Dental professionals
A) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
B) 1, 2, 3
C) 4, 5, 6
D) Some other combination
Q2) What is the maximum dose of levonordefrin in a healthy patient?
A) 0.2 mg
B) 1.0 mg
C) 0.04 mg
D) Epinephrine should be used instead of levonordefrin.
Q3) The dental hygienist has already administered two cartridges of 2% lidocaine to a patient.The patient is reporting that he is not getting numb.What should the hygienist do at this time?
A) Ask the dentist to administer more anesthetic solution.
B) Change to a different anesthetic solution.
C) Attempt to readminister the anesthetic, adjusting the technique.
D) Call the manufacturer to report a bad batch of anesthetic cartridges.
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Page 10
Chapter 9: Armamentariumsyringe Preparation
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Sample Questions
Q1) Utilized to give clinician added support of the syringe
A)Syringe barrel
B)Harpoon
C)Finger grip
D)Thumb ring
E)Breech-loading syringe
F)Bevel
G)Shaft
H)Syringe adaptor
I)Gauge
J)Diaphragm
Q2) Which of the following guidelines should be followed in order to correctly store local anesthetic cartridges in the dental office?
A) Keep in a commercially available cartridge warmer
B) Keep in a refrigerator at a constant cool temperature but without freezing
C) Store at room temperature in a dark place
D) Store in disinfectant solution so they are readily available for use as needed
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11
Chapter 10: Anatomic Considerations for the
Administration of Local Anesthesia
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which structures of the body are most likely to experience the loss of sensation after the administration of an anesthetic agent to the lingual nerve?
A) Floor of the mouth
B) Body of the tongue
C) Lingual gingival tissue of the mandibular teeth
D) All of the above
Q2) Buccal gingival tissue of the maxillary molars
A)Anterior superior alveolar nerve
B)Middle superior alveolar nerve
C)Posterior superior alveolar nerve
D)Greater palatine nerve
E)Nasopalatine nerve
F)Lingual nerve
G)Mental nerve
H)Incisive nerve
Q3) What is the name of the largest contributor to the maxillary nerve trunk?
A) Infraorbital nerve
B) Ophthalmic nerve
C) Second division of the trigeminal nerve
D) Third division of the trigeminal nerve
Page 12
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Chapter 11: Basic Injection Techniques
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Sample Questions
Q1) What should the clinician do while waiting for local anesthetic to take effect for her patient?
A) Clean the other operatory
B) Bag instruments in the sterilization area
C) Take a much-needed break
D) Observe the patient for possible signs of an adverse reaction
Q2) Why is the aspiration a necessary part of administering local anesthesia?
A) To ensure that the needle has not entered a blood vessel
B) To dramatically decrease the incidence of an intravascular injection
C) a and b
D) For patient comfort
Q3) To provide safe and comfortable injections,the clinician should administer the anesthetic solution quickly.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Needles should be carefully bent before disposing of them in the sharps container.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Name the four anesthetic administration techniques.
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Chapter 12: Maxillary Nerve Anesthesia
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Sample Questions
Q1) Pulpal anesthesia of first and second maxillary premolars in a small percentage of the population
A)Anterior superior alveolar injection
B)Middle superior alveolar injection
C)Posterior superior alveolar injection
D)Infraorbital
E)Nasopalatine
F)Greater palatine
Q2) Practices to avoid when administering local anesthetic include which of the following?
A) Not using enough for patient comfort and hemostatic control
B) Overadministering of anesthesia
C) Administering anesthesia to a larger treatment area than can be completed in one visit
D) All of the above
Q3) Which of the following are reasons for inadequate anesthesia?
A) Deposition of the solution superior to the apex of the tooth.
B) Dense bone covers the apices of the teeth as seen in children.
C) The apex of the tooth lies beneath the maxillary sinus.
D) All of the above.
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Chapter 13: Mandibular Nerve Anesthesia
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35 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Injection site is the alveolar mucosal tissue,distal and buccal to the most distal molar tooth in the arch
A)IA block
B)Buccal block
C)Mental block
D)Incisive block
E)Gow-Gates
Q2) What injection,besides the IA block,should be considered if the clinician will be performing nonsurgical periodontal therapy on the mandibular molars?
A) Gow-Gates
B) Mental block
C) Buccal block
D) Incisive block
Q3) What is the most commonly cited error contributing to missed IA blocks?
A) Injection being too low
B) Injection being too high
C) Inadequate aspiration
D) Incorrect fulcrum
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15
Chapter 14: Local Anesthetic Complications
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Sample Questions
Q1) Occurs in the region of the injection and can be attributed to the anesthetic needle,administration technique,and/or the anesthetic drug administered
A)Localized complication
B)Systemic complication
C)Primary complication
D)Mild complication
E)Transient complication
F)Diaphoresis
G)Syncope
H)Hyperventilation
I)Angina pectoris
J)Myocardial infarction
K)Stroke
L)Hypoglycemia
M)Hyperglycemia
N)Asthma
Q2) List good questions to ask the patient if he/she reports an alleged allergic reaction to local anesthetic.
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Chapter 15: Legal Considerations and Risk Management
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Sample Questions
Q1) Most states require the dental hygienist to apply for an additional local anesthesia license or certificate in lieu of the regular dental hygiene license to legally administer local anesthetics.
A)True
B)False
Q2) What does the statement "A dental hygienist must meet the standard of care set by other practitioners with similar training" mean?
A) The dental hygienist must pass a written and clinical board.
B) The dental hygienist is expected to gain knowledge and skills throughout her career.
C) The dental hygienist only has to be as good as the least-educated person on staff.
D) Dental hygienists with an associate's degree are not expected to be as knowledgeable as dental hygienists with a bachelor's degree.
Q3) Any dental history regarding a patient's psychological state as related to injections or nervousness is subjective and should not be included in dental notes.
A)True
B)False
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