Lifespan Development Practice Exam
Course Introduction
Lifespan Development explores the physical, cognitive, emotional, and social changes that occur throughout the human lifespan from conception to late adulthood. The course examines major theories and research findings that illuminate how individuals grow and adapt at different stages of life. Topics include prenatal development, childhood, adolescence, adulthood, aging, and the influences of family, culture, and society. By integrating scientific perspectives, students gain a comprehensive understanding of developmental processes and how they impact real-world behaviors, relationships, and health across the entire arc of life.
Recommended Textbook
Exploring Lifespan Development 4th Edition by Laura E. Berk
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19 Chapters
2178 Verified Questions
2178 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: History, Theory, and Research Strategies
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126 Verified Questions
126 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/23859
Sample Questions
Q1) In an experimental study examining whether the way angry encounters end affect children's emotional reactions, the dependent variable would be the __________.
A) way the angry encounters end
B) amount of unresolved anger
C) frequency of angry encounters
D) children's emotional reactions
Answer: D
Q2) Dr. Redmund characterizes his view of development as a bioecological model. His perspective is aligned with that of which theorist?
A) Jean Piaget
B) Urie Bronfenbrenner
C) Lev Vygotsky
D) Niko Tinbergen
Answer: B
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Chapter 2: Genetic and Environmental Foundations
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109 Verified Questions
109 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Of all Western nations, __________ has the highest percentage of extremely poor children.
A) the United States
B) Canada
C) Germany
D) France
Answer: A
Q2) Which of the following is true about sex differences?
A) Rates of miscarriage and birth defects are higher for girls.
B) Rates of learning disabilities and behavior disorders are higher for girls.
C) Boys are less likely than girls are to inherit hemophilia.
D) Worldwide, a greater number of boys are conceived and born than girls.
Answer: D
Q3) The concept of __________ means that because of their genetic makeup, individuals differ in their responsiveness to qualities of the environment.
A) gene environment interaction
B) niche-picking
C) passive correlation
D) evocative correlation
Answer: A
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Chapter 3: Prenatal Development, Birth, and the Newborn Baby
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114 Verified Questions
114 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Before the late 1800s, childbirth in Western nations usually took place __________.
A) at home and was a family-centered event
B) at home but away from other family members
C) in a hospital with trained midwives
D) in the home of a medical professional or in a hospital
Answer: A
Q2) Which Apgar criterion is the most difficult to apply to newborns of all races?
A) pink color
B) reflex irritability
C) limp muscle tone
D) strong breathing
Answer: A
Q3) Unlike adults, newborn babies __________.
A) have a limited sense of smell
B) see nearby objects most clearly
C) prefer unfamiliar voices to familiar ones
D) see unclearly across a wide range of distances
Answer: D
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Chapter 4: Physical Development in Infancy and
Toddlerhood
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116 Verified Questions
116 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which statement about brain plasticity is true?
A) A highly plastic cerebral cortex has a low capacity for learning.
B) Damage to a highly plastic cerebral cortex means that the abilities it controls cannot be recovered.
C) Many areas of a highly plastic cerebral cortex are not yet committed to specific functions.
D) The brain is the most plastic during adolescence.
Q2) The cerebral cortex __________.
A) is the smallest brain structure
B) surrounds the rest of the brain
C) resembles half of a shelled coconut
D) is the first part of the brain to stop growing
Q3) Discuss the two growth patterns that describe the changes in body proportions as a child grows.
Q4) Children who experienced marasmus or kwashiorkor display __________.
A) few conduct problems
B) a high degree of fine-motor coordination
C) a more intense stress response to fear-arousing situations
D) little to no lasting damage to organs
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Q5) Explain intermodal perception and its importance to perceptual development.
Chapter 5: Cognitive Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood
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117 Verified Questions
117 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Piaget believed that infants and toddlers __________.
A) carry out many activities inside their heads
B) "think" with their eyes, ears, and hands
C) assimilate more than they accommodate D) are incapable of constructing schemes
Q2) When 12-month-old Trent's dad asks him to get his stuffed bunny, Trent looks at and points to the pillow where the bunny usually rests. Trent is displaying __________.
A) the violation-of-expectation method
B) deferred imitation
C) inferred imitation
D) displaced reference
Q3) Matt is looking for child care for his 1-year-old daughter, Emmalyn. You can tell him to look for a __________.
A) for-profit center, where the quality tends to be the highest
B) center where parents have to make appointments to visit during the day
C) setting that appears crowded with children because that means it is quite popular
D) daily schedule that includes times for active play, quiet play, naps, snacks, and meals
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Page 7
Chapter 6: Emotional and Social Development in Infancy and
Toddlerhood
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111 Verified Questions
111 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Alexander Thomas and Stella Chess studied __________.
A) attachment
B) temperament
C) information processing
D) childhood depression
Q2) Toddlers who sleep alone and experience frequent daytime separations from their parents __________.
A) frequently develop insecure attachments to their parents
B) sometimes develop strong emotional ties to cuddly objects
C) are at-risk for disorganized/disoriented attachment
D) may have trouble bonding with their parents
Q3) A researcher places a red dot on 2-year-old Raven's nose. When she looks into a mirror, she tries to rub the dot off of her nose rather than off of the mirror. This behavior indicates that she has developed __________.
A) effortful control
B) a categorical self
C) continuity of control
D) self-recognition
Q4) Describe separation anxiety. When does it occur?
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Chapter 7: Physical and Cognitive Development in Early Childhood
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115 Verified Questions
115 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Three-year-old Trayvon realizes that thinking takes place inside his head and is becoming aware that he can think about something without seeing, touching, or talking about it. Trayvon is developing __________.
A) an elaborative style
B) a repetitive style
C) metacognition
D) magical thinking
Q2) Even preschoolers with good language skills recall poorly because they __________.
A) prefer to repeat items over and over to remember
B) are not able to remember familiar, repeated events
C) prefer to intentionally group items that are alike to remember
D) are not skilled at using memory strategies
Q3) By age 8 to 10, __________.
A) energy metabolism in the cerebral cortex peaks
B) the number of synapses in the prefrontal cortex is nearly half the adult value
C) energy consumption of most cortical regions diminishes to near-adult levels
D) brain size increases to about 70 percent of its adult weight
Q4) Describe the benefits of make-believe play.
Page 9
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Chapter 8: Emotional and Social Development in Early Childhood
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113 Verified Questions
113 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Four-year-old Stanford refuses to walk down an aisle in the toy department because most of the toys on the shelves are pink. This is an example of gender __________.
A) selection
B) typing
C) dysphoria
D) constancy
Q2) By age 3½, children describe themselves in terms of __________.
A) emerging personality traits
B) typical emotions and attitudes
C) nonobservable characteristics
D) character
Q3) According to Erikson, the psychological conflict of the preschool years is
A) trust versus mistrust
B) autonomy versus shame and doubt
C) industry versus inferiority
D) initiative versus guilt
Q4) Discuss some ways to reduce gender stereotyping in young children.
Q5) Discuss parental influences on early peer relations.
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Chapter 9: Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle Childhood
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115 Verified Questions
115 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Quinn knows that she should group items when memorizing lists, but she does not always do so. Quinn is not yet good at __________.
A) metacognition
B) selective attention
C) cognitive self-regulation
D) flexibility of attention
Q2) According to Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences, __________.
A) all intelligences have a common expert, or end-state, performance
B) cultural values and learning opportunities affect the extent to which a child's intellectual strengths are realized
C) education often interferes with the transformation of raw potential into a mature social role
D) intelligence tests are a reliable measure of mental ability
Q3) Which child is at the greatest risk for overweight?
A) Cecilia, who watches 1 hour of TV in the family room each day
B) Travis, who uses an ad blocker to screen out ads during his 1½ hours of screen time each day
C) Marcella, who watches 1½ hours of TV in the living room each day
D) Leo, who watches 2 hours of TV and Internet with ads in his bedroom each day
Page 11
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Chapter 10: Emotional and Social Development in Middle Childhood
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116 Verified Questions
116 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Mr. and Mrs. Rodriguez want to foster a positive, secure self-image in their son. Which approach would you suggest?
A) When he appears hesitant, make decisions for him, to model good decision-making strategies.
B) Continuously compliment his performance, even when it is less than satisfactory.
C) Encourage him to strive for worthwhile goals, because his eventual achievement will foster self-esteem.
D) Set high expectations and make it clear he is expected to work as hard as necessary to meet them.
Q2) Fernando's parents respond sensitively and helpfully when he is distressed. Fernando is probably __________.
A) empathetic and prosocial
B) low in self-esteem
C) overwhelmed by negative emotion
D) less empathetic than his agemates
Q3) Define problem-centered coping and emotion-centered coping. How do school-age children use these strategies?
Q4) What factors foster resilience in middle childhood?
Page 12
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Chapter 11: Physical and Cognitive Development in Adolescence
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114 Verified Questions
114 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) In most tribal and village societies, __________.
A) adolescence is divided into three phases: early, middle, and late adolescence
B) young people face postponement of sexual gratification while they prepare for a productive work life
C) adolescence is only a brief intervening phase between childhood and full assumption of adult roles
D) adolescence is extended because young people face prolonged dependence on parents
Q2) Sexual attitudes in North America are __________.
A) very restrictive
B) relatively restrictive
C) relatively open
D) very open
Q3) Most potential high school dropouts need __________.
A) intensive remedial instruction in small classes
B) less exposure to vocational education classes
C) to curb their extracurricular involvement
D) larger, more diverse classroom environments
Q4) Describe the sleep patterns of teenagers today. Discuss sleep deprivation.
Q5) What is the role of heredity in sexual orientation?
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Chapter 12: Emotional and Social Development in Adolescence
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121 Verified Questions
121 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which parenting style is predictive of high self-esteem in adolescence?
A) uninvolved
B) authoritarian
C) authoritative
D) permissive
Q2) Although Kohlberg proposes six stages of moral development, __________.
A) few people move beyond Stage 4
B) research only verifies the first three stages
C) current research suggests there are at least eight stages
D) no clear evidence exists that Stage 2 actually follows Stage 1
Q3) Number of best friends declines from about __________ in early adolescence to __________ in adulthood.
A) six to eight; four or five
B) six to eight; two or three
C) four to six; one or two
D) three or four; one
Q4) Discuss gender differences in friendship quality in adolescence.
Q5) Name and describe the four identity statuses that researchers use to evaluate progress in identity development.
Q6) Describe how sibling interactions adapt to development at adolescence. Page 14
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Page 15
Chapter 13: Physical and Cognitive Development in Early
Adulthood
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113 Verified Questions
113 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The sexual problems most often reported by men are anxiety about performance and __________.
A) lack of interest in sex
B) inability to achieve orgasm
C) climaxing too early
D) a partner's lack of technique
Q2) Which statement is true about stress in early adulthood?
A) Young adults are better than middle-aged and older adults at coping with stress.
B) Early adulthood is marked as one of the least stressful times of life.
C) Psychological stress has little impact on physical health in early adulthood.
D) Young adults more often report depressive symptoms than middle-aged people.
Q3) In some species, __________ is/are associated with longer life.
A) telomere shortening
B) elevated free-radical activity
C) the absence of telomerase
D) cross-linked protein fibers
Q4) Describe the theory of biological aging that emphasizes the programmed effects of specific genes.
Q5) List and describe the three periods of vocational development.
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Chapter 14: Emotional and Social Development in Early
Adulthood
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114 Verified Questions
114 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) When Paul started his job, he developed a close relationship with Richard, a senior colleague. Richard helped Paul succeed in his job, and with Richard's help, Paul was quickly promoted. According to Levinson, Richard __________.
A) was acting out Paul's dream
B) was probably going through the age-30 transition C) acted as a mentor to Paul D) probably jeopardized his own dream
Q2) Most well-educated, career-oriented women expect a(n) __________ marriage. A) matriarchal
B) traditional C) egalitarian D) patriarchal
Q3) Men with a high school diploma or less and highly educated women in prestigious careers are overrepresented among singles after age 30 because __________.
A) they are the most likely to have married and divorced young B) women tend to "marry down" and men tend to "marry up" C) women tend to "marry up" and men tend to "marry down"
D) they are the most likely to be closed to a long-term relationship
Q4) Describe the gender differences in same-sex adult friendships.
Page 17
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Chapter 15: Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle
Adulthood
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114 Verified Questions
114 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Estrogen replacement therapy (ERT) __________.
A) is for women who have had hysterectomies
B) combines estrogen and progesterone
C) lessens the risk of cancer of the endometrium
D) has little effect on improving vaginal dryness
Q2) With age, many creators __________.
A) become more spontaneous
B) produce more works that integrate ideas
C) produce more intensely emotional works
D) devote more energy to new discoveries
Q3) The ability to see in dim light __________.
A) does not decline during middle adulthood
B) declines at twice the rate of daylight vision
C) declines at half the rate of daylight vision
D) improves slightly during middle adulthood
Q4) Middle-aged adults tend to be rational decision makers because they __________.
A) use practical problem-solving strategies
B) engage in emotion-based problem solving
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C) select the most attractive-looking options
D) tend to rely on the expertise of colleagues
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Chapter 16: Emotional and Social Development in Middle
Adulthood
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114 Verified Questions
114 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Burnout is linked to __________.
A) improved memory
B) increased attention
C) on-the-job injuries
D) reasonable workloads
Q2) Which statement about generativity and stagnation is true?
A) Childless men score higher in generativity and lower in stagnation than men with children.
B) Among well-educated women, those with children express greater generative concerns.
C) Generativity is rare among low-SES fathers with troubled pasts as sons, students, and intimate partners.
D) Stagnation is associated with more involvement in political activities, including voting and campaigning.
Q3) Highly generative people appear especially __________.
A) high in anxiety
B) low in autonomy
C) low in self-acceptance
D) well-adjusted
Q4) Describe the sandwich generation.
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Chapter 17: Physical and Cognitive Development in Late
Adulthood
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114 Verified Questions
114 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/23875
Sample Questions
Q1) Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia are both types of __________.
A) cardiovascular dementia
B) cortical dementia
C) subcortical dementia
D) macular degeneration
Q2) For most of late adulthood, cognitive declines are __________.
A) swift
B) extensive
C) gradual
D) rare
Q3) In setting personal goals, older adults __________.
A) often deny their physical and cognitive limitations
B) focus on maintaining abilities and preventing losses
C) focus on gains in physical goals and losses in cognitive goals
D) focus on gains in cognitive goals and losses in physical goals
Q4) To confirm Alzheimer's disease, doctors __________.
A) administer a blood test
B) conduct a physical examination
C) inspect the brain after death
D) conduct a psychological examination
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Chapter 18: Emotional and Social Development in Late
Adulthood
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111 Verified Questions
111 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which statement is true about formal support for older adults?
A) Formal support spares older adults from feeling overly dependent in their close relationships.
B) Ethnic minority older adults more readily accept formal assistance than members of the majority culture.
C) African-American older adults say they rely more on their church than on their families for assistance.
D) Formal support results in psychological distress because older adults do not like to accept help from strangers.
Q2) Typically, aging siblings __________.
A) do not communicate regularly
B) live more than 100 miles from each other
C) visit at least several times a year
D) provide one another with direct assistance
Q3) __________ and __________ are basic to meaningful friendships in late adulthood.
A) Proximity; shared vocation
B) Mutual dependency; proximity
C) Intimacy; companionship
D) Mutual dependency; shared ethnicity
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Chapter 19: Death, Dying, and Bereavement
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111 Verified Questions
111 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Biyu was in a skiing accident. She suffered traumatic head injuries when she came in contact with a tree. Biyu's cerebral cortex no longer registers electrical activity, but her brain stem remains active. Biyu __________.
A) is dead under the definition used in China
B) has experienced the agonal phase of death
C) has entered a persistent vegetative state
D) is dead under the definition used in most industrialized nations
Q2) Before Mr. Ortega died, he was able to restore his relationship with his brother. Because of this, Mr. Ortega's death made sense in terms of his pattern of living and values. He experienced a(n) __________ death.
A) passive
B) active
C) unresolved
D) appropriate
Q3) Which of the following is true about death and dying?
A) Most people say they want "death with dignity."
B) For about 50 percent of people, death is gentle.
C) The dying person is merely a physical being requiring care.
D) The dying benefit from a withdrawal of social support in the end.
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