Life Science Exam Questions

Course Introduction

Life Science is an interdisciplinary field that explores the structure, function, growth, origin, evolution, and distribution of living organisms. This course provides a comprehensive overview of foundational biological concepts, including cell biology, genetics, evolution, ecology, and physiology. Students will examine the interconnectedness of all forms of life, the impact of environmental factors on living systems, and the ways in which scientific advancements in life science contribute to medicine, agriculture, and environmental conservation. Emphasis is placed on the scientific method, experimental design, and critical analysis of data, preparing students for advanced study and careers in biology and related fields.

Recommended Textbook

Biology The Core 1st Edition by Eric J. Simon

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12 Chapters

699 Verified Questions

699 Flashcards

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Chapter 1: An Introduction to the Science of Life

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Sample Questions

Q1) Which type of ecologist would be most concerned with nutrient cycles?

A)Species ecologist

B)Organism ecologist

C)Population ecologist

D)Community ecologist

E)Ecosystem ecologist

Answer: D

Q2) Energy flows through an ecosystem.What is typically the originating source of energy in an ecosystem?

A)Plants

B)Water

C)Wind

D)Sun

Answer: D

Q3) Which grouping contains the largest number of individual organisms?

A)Kingdom

B)Population

C)Domain

D)Species

Answer: C

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Chapter 2: The Chemistry of Life

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Sample Questions

Q1) What gives an amino acid its unique chemical properties?

A)The different amino groups

B)The sequence of amino acids in a chain

C)The bond that forms between amino acids

D)The side group

Answer: D

Q2) Organic molecules that end in the suffix "-ase" often function as ________ molecules.

A)structural

B)enzymatic

C)transport

D)storage

Answer: B

Q3) Which polysaccharide consists of many long straight chains of glucose with bonds joining the chains?

A)Starch

B)Cellulose

C)Glycogen

D)This does not describe a polysaccharide.

Answer: B

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Chapter 3: The Cell: The Fundamental Unit of Life

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Sample Questions

Q1) Some proteins are small and simple while others are large and complex.Where are the small and simple proteins assembled?

A)In the cytoplasm

B)In the rough endoplasmic reticulum

C)In the smooth endoplasmic reticulum

D)In the Golgi apparatus

Answer: A

Q2) What is the role of the nuclear membrane?

A)Is the site of protein manufacturing

B)Regulates transport of substances between the nucleus and the cytoplasm

C)Harvests energy from food molecules

D)Regulates transport of substances into and out of the cell

Answer: B

Q3) Where in the cell would you find the cytosol?

A)In the cytoplasm

B)In the plasma membrane

C)In the transmembrane proteins

D)On the peripheral proteins

Answer: A

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Page 5

Chapter 4: Energy and Life

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Sample Questions

Q1) Identify the stage (or stages)of cellular respiration that occurs entirely outside of the mitochondria.

A)Citric acid cycle

B)Electron transport chain

C)Glycolysis

D)All of these

Q2) Why do some leaves change color (red,yellow,orange,etc.)in the fall?

A)The chlorophyll molecule is modified to absorb different wavelengths of light.

B)The chlorophyll molecule breaks down and other pigments now become visible.

C)Because the leaves are dead.

D)Cold weather denatures the chlorophyll molecule and it begins to reflect different colors.

Q3) Identify the role of oxygen in photosynthesis.

A)It is split to form sugar.

B)It is the final electron acceptor.

C)It is a waste product.

D)It is the initial proton donator.

Q4) Explain why mitochondria are often called "the powerhouse of the cell."

Q5) What does it mean to "fix" carbon and during which stage of photosynthesis is carbon fixed?

Page 6

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Chapter 5: Chromosomes and Inheritance

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Sample Questions

Q1) Many viruses use RNA,not DNA,as their genetic material.Is the statement "All life on Earth uses DNA as the genetic material" still accurate?

A)Yes,RNA and DNA are two terms used to describe the same thing.

B)Yes,viruses are not considered living things.

C)Yes,viruses use their RNA to make DNA when needed for division.

D)No,living viruses without DNA contradict the statement.

Q2) Define Mendel's law of independent assortment.

A)The inheritance of one character has no effect on the inheritance of another character.

B)Segregation of homologous chromosomes is random.

C)The expression of one gene has no effect on the expression of another gene.

D)There are two versions of each trait,a dominant and a recessive; the one you get is random.

Q3) What causes the furrow during cleavage?

A)It is a depression caused by the formation of a new cell wall.

B)A ring of contractile protein fibers pinches the cell in two.

C)Connecting proteins that had been binding adjacent cells together now dissolve.

D)A loss of water occurs.

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Chapter 6: DNA: The Molecule of Life

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Sample Questions

Q1) When might a frameshift or nonsense mutation not result in a completely defective protein?

A)When the mutation occurs in one of the very last codons

B)When the mutation occurs in one of the first codons

C)When a frameshift is balanced out by a nonsense mutation

D)When the mutation occurs in an exon region

Q2) Which genes are responsible for your overall structure,such as how many legs you have and where they develop?

A)Oncogenes

B)Proto-oncogenes

C)Growth factor genes

D)Homeotic genes

Q3) What is the success rate of gene therapy?

A)Excellent,as many diseases are now successfully cured with gene therapy.

B)Fair,as more than half the trials have been successful.

C)Mediocre,as only about half the trials have been successful.

D)Poor,as there have been few successes but many disappointments.

Q4) Entire genes may be deleted,inverted,replicated,or even translocated to another chromosome.Explain how each one could potentially result in cancer?

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Chapter 7: Darwinian Evolution

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Sample Questions

Q1) Why are animals more likely than plants to form new species while still in the presence of the parent population?

A)They can survive with multiple sets of chromosomes.

B)They have more isolating behaviors.

C)Both of these are why animals are more likely than plants to form new species in this situation.

D)Neither of these.Plants are more likely than animals to form new species in this situation.

Q2) If a changing environment increases rates of evolution,why do we see an increase in extinction rates following rapid global catastrophes?

Q3) The older fossils are typically found in the ________ sediments.

A)upper

B)lower

C)coarser

D)finer

Q4) Explain how a complex trait,like eyes or the ability to fly,can evolve by incremental modifications over time.

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Chapter 8: Biodiversity 1: Microscopic Organisms

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Sample Questions

Q1) Why is the conversion of atmospheric nitrogen (N gas)into ammonium (NH )important for life on this planet?

A)Ammonium is an important cleaning agent.

B)Nitrogen gas is toxic.

C)Ammonium is a plant nutrient.

D)Nitrogen gas leads to global warming.

Q2) When did the first eukaryotic cell form?

A)About a billion years after the first prokaryotic cell was formed

B)About the same time as the first prokaryotic cell was formed

C)About a billion years before the first prokaryotic cell was formed

D)There is no evidence to suggest when the eukaryotic cells formed in relationship to prokaryotic cells.

Q3) Plants are in the domain ________.

A)Prokarya

B)Plantae

C)Archaea

D)Eukarya

Q4) Why is there no cure for prion-related diseases?

Q5) Why could prokaryotes survive without eukaryotes but eukaryotes could not survive without prokaryotes?

Page 10

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Chapter 9: Biodiversity 2: Fungi and Plants

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Sample Questions

Q1) The sugar in the sap of plants is primarily ________.

A)fructose

B)glucose

C)sucrose

D)maltose

Q2) Fern sperm are ________.

A)amoeboid

B)ciliated

C)flagellated

D)None of these

Q3) If you were to observe a flower that lacked petals,fragrance,or nectar,what might you conclude is the pollinator?

A)Ants

B)Wind

C)Bees

D)Moths

Q4) Explain how the diversification of mammals may have been greatly aided by the diversification of the angiosperms and vice versa.

Q5) Name four ways roots benefit a plant.

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Chapter 10: Biodiversity 3: Animals

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Sample Questions

Q1) What acts as both a circulatory system for gas exchange and a hydraulic system for movement in the echinoderms?

A)Endoskeleton

B)Water vascular system

C)Hydrostatic skeleton

D)Visceral mass

Q2) Many,though not all,mollusks have a shell.What secretes the shell?

A)The foot

B)The mantle

C)The radula

D)The visceral mass

Q3) Most animals fall into one of how many phyla?

A)100

B)35

C)9

D)5

Q4) How might an early primate's environment lead to the evolution of a large brain in relation to body size?

Q5) What is an advantage of the serial repetition of internal and external features common in some animals?

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Chapter 11: Human Body Systems

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Sample Questions

Q1) Select the feature which is not directly involved in the clotting process.

A)Platelets

B)Hemoglobin

C)Fibrin

D)All of these are involved in the clotting process.

Q2) Describe the role of the two antagonistic hormones involved in the feedback loop that maintains the level of glucose in the blood.Which organs are involved and what type of feedback is this?

Q3) Response to a stimulus,such that the effect of the stimulus is counteracted,is called ________ feedback.

A)positive

B)simple

C)holistic

D)negative

Q4) Which medication prevents viral infections by priming the immune system against a specific virus?

A)Vaccine

B)Antibiotic

C)Diuretic

D)Anti-inflammatory

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Chapter 12: Ecology

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Sample Questions

Q1) What is the term used to describe relatively small areas with unusually high concentrations of species found there and nowhere else,including many species in high risk of extinction? These areas receive the focus of global conservation efforts.

A)Natural wildlife reserve

B)Biodiversity hot spot

C)Protective wilderness refuge

D)Protective conservation zone

Q2) Which growth model would you expect to see in a stable population?

A)Logistic

B)Speculative

C)Factorial

D)Exponential

Q3) Environmentalism is ________.

A)the study of ecosystems

B)a philosophical and social movement concerned with preserving the environment

C)a collection of citizens and scientists working together to support research and preserve biodiversity

D)the study of how energy flows through an ecosystem

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