

Leadership Studies Exam
Review
Course Introduction
Leadership Studies explores the theories, principles, and practices of effective leadership in various organizational, cultural, and societal contexts. The course examines the qualities and skills required for leadership, including communication, decision-making, ethical behavior, motivation, and team building. Through the analysis of historical and contemporary case studies, students will gain insight into different leadership styles and strategies, and examine the impact of leadership on group dynamics and organizational success. Practical exercises and self-assessment tools help students identify and develop their own leadership potential, preparing them for leadership roles in diverse environments.
Recommended Textbook
Leadership Theory and Practice 8th Edition by
Peter G. Northouse
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16 Chapters
1592 Verified Questions
1592 Flashcards
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Page 2

Chapter 1: Introduction
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to Hogg's research on leadership and social identity theory,a person is most likely to emerge as a leader in a group when she/he ______.
A) stands out as being uniquely different from the rest of the group
B) can correctly identify the social status of each group member
C) is recognized as being most similar to the group prototype
D) is the most socially networked person in the group
Answer: C
Q2) The group thinks that Dawn is influential even though Dawn has no formal position of authority.Dawn can be described as ______.
A) an emergent leader
B) a legitimate leader
C) an assigned leader
D) a coercive leader
Answer: A
Q3) A boss,by definition,has position power over subordinates.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Chapter 2: Trait Approach
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Sample Questions
Q1) A major criticism of the trait approach is ______.
A) its intuitive appeal
B) there is no definitive list of leadership traits
C) it highlights the leader component in the leadership process
D) research on leadership traits is fairly new
Answer: B
Q2) How do the Big Five personality factors relate to the five major leadership traits identified in the text?
Answer: ans will vary.Self-confidence is similar to extraversion in the sociable and assertive area.Intelligence is similar to openness in that the insightful and informed and creative relate somewhat to reasoning capacity.Agreeableness and sociability share the accepting and nurturing or human capacities.Determination and conscientiousness are similarly focused on dependability and getting things done.Neuroticism is not what we want in leaders,and integrity as a leadership trait is not part of the Big Five explicitly.
Q3) A major strength of the trait approach is that it is quite useful for training.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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4

Chapter 3: Skills Approach
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Sample Questions
Q1) In the previous company Leo worked for,he led the downsizing of a major division and had to terminate hundreds of employees.This event had an impact on Leo that influences how he approaches his leadership role in his current company.According to Mumford's skills model,this is an example of ______.
A) environmental influences
B) general cognitive ability
C) career experiences
D) human skills
Answer: C
Q2) Which of the following is not an example of an internal environmental influence that can affect leadership outcomes?
A) skill level of employees
B) gender ratio of employees
C) up-to-date technology
D) an economic recession
Answer: D
Q3) What are the three competencies outlined in the skills model of leadership?
Answer: Problem-solving skills,social judgment skills,and knowledge.
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Chapter 4: Behavioral Approach
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Sample Questions
Q1) Paternalistic and maternalistic use both ______ and ______ but never combine the two.
A) 1, 1 and 5, 5
B)5, 5 and 1, 9
C) 1, 9 and 9, 1
D) 1, 1 and 9, 9
Q2) The behavioral approach is being applied when a corporate trainer ______.
A) administers an Emotional Intelligence test to match leaders and followers
B) gives a motivational speech to the executive team to boost morale
C) uses assessments to help leaders discover their relative focus on goals vs. people
D) offers employees an in-depth look at their personality traits for behavioral improvement
Q3) A leader who makes sure the personal and social needs of followers are met is displaying ______.
A) country club behaviors
B) authority compliance behaviors
C) middle-of-the-road behaviors
D) team behaviors
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6

Chapter 5: Situational Approach
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Sample Questions
Q1) Low in competence and high in commitment ______.
A) D1
B) D2
C) S2
D) S4
Q2) I tend to tell my staff what to do and how to do it while I encourage them and ask them for input about the goals of our organization.Which of my followers will benefit most from my use of these behaviors?
A) D1
B) D2
C) D3
D) D4
Q3) A leader who emphasizes communication with followers in both achieving goals as well as meeting social needs would best be described as possessing ______.
A) directing style
B) delegating style
C) supporting style
D) coaching style
Q4) Give an example of a directive behavior and an example of a supportive behavior.
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Chapter 6: Path-Goal Theory
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Sample Questions
Q1) One of the follower characteristics in path-goal theory is perception of one's own ability.As perception of ability goes up,directive leadership should go down.Why is this? And what is the effect on the follower if directive leadership continues to be used?
Q2) Which of the following is most accurate about research to validate path-goal theory?
A) A great deal of research has examined about directive and supportive leadership.
B) Most studies have examined participative and achievement oriented leadership.
C) Path-goal theory has been repeatedly validated in the academic community.
D) No scientific studies have been conducted on path-goal theory.
Q3) I am doing a job that has ambiguous rules for which I need clarity.I need my leader to ______.
A) challenge me
B) involve me
C) nurture me
D) direct me
Q4) In path-goal theory,when tasks are ambiguous,three different styles of leadership are prescribed.How would a leader know which one to choose?
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Chapter 7: Leadermember Exchange Theory
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Sample Questions
Q1) A strength of the LMX approach is its focus on the importance of ______ in leadership.
A) situations
B) personality
C) communication
D) morality
Q2) During the stranger phase of leadership making,______.
A) interests are mixed
B) exchanges are high quality
C) influences are one-way
D) interests are group focused
Q3) Which of the following is not a criticism of LMX?
A) LMX does not fully explain the creation of high-quality exchanges.
B) It runs counter to the human value of fairness.
C) It looks at dyadic relationships in the leadership process.
D) The measurement of LMX is questionable.
Q4) During the first phase of leadership making,the interactions within the leader-subordinate dyad are generally low quality.
A)True
B)False

Page 9
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Chapter 8: Transformational Leadership
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Sample Questions
Q1) To which research scholar is the charismatic theory of leadership attributed?
A) Avolio
B) Bass
C) Liden
D) House
Q2) Which type of leadership is most similar to transformational leadership?
A) transitional
B) laissez-faire
C) transactional
D) charismatic
Q3) I prefer to wait until the annual performance review time to deliver bad news about poor performance to my followers.I am using ______.
A) management by exception-passive
B) management by exception-active
C) laissez-faire
D) contingent reward
Q4) Leader-Member Exchange theory has to do with a leader's relationship with individual followers.Which factor of Transformational Leadership is most similar to the notion of developing one-on-one relationships?
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Chapter 9: Authentic Leadership
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which viewpoint is a perspective of authentic leadership that is leader centered?
A) intrapersonal
B) interpersonal
C) developmental
D) fundamental
Q2) Which is not a characteristic of authentic leadership?
A) purpose
B) values
C) passion
D) goals
Q3) The moral dimension of the authentic leadership approach is considered ______.
A) both a strength and an area of criticism
B) unnecessary because leader morality has no impact on followers
C) relevant only to leadership in the civic sector
D) a source of several authentic leadership training programs
Q4) Self-discipline is a dimension of authentic leadership in George's model.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Why is a compass sometimes used as a symbol for authentic leadership?
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Chapter 10: Servant Leadership
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Sample Questions
Q1) Servant leadership works best when ______.
A) there is a balance of power between the leaders and followers
B) leaders are altruistic and have a strong motivation to help others
C) leaders use a task-oriented approach
D) leaders are willing to leave followers to work on their own
Q2) Which of the following is true of antecedent conditions that have an impact on servant leadership?
A) Dimensions of culture will influence leadership.
B) Leader attributes are much less important in this model.
C) Servant leadership works when conditions are turbulent.
D) Leaders must first understand followers' developmental level.
Q3) Which characteristics of servant leadership are found in all models of servant leadership described in the text?
A) wisdom and humility
B) wisdom and courage
C) vision and courage
D) none of these are consistent across all models
Q4) State one servant leader behavior that you most identify with and briefly explain why.
Q5) Why might some subordinates not want to work with servant leaders?
Page 12
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Chapter 11: Adaptive Leadership
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Sample Questions
Q1) Heifetz is the leadership scholar credited with the development of adaptive leadership.
A)True
B)False
Q2) I am a leader of employees in an auto manufacturing company that just merged with another company after a difficult buyout process.Employees will keep their jobs but will have to learn new systems and work with new people and supervisors,which makes them nervous and anxious about their work.This is an example of ______.
A) a capacity challenge
B) a technical challenge
C) a technical and adaptive challenge
D) an adaptive challenge
Q3) Complexity Leadership Theory when used in organizations focuses on ______.
A) behaviors that inhibit psychodynamic subconscious emotional reactions
B) strategies to enhance the skill level of employees
C) strategies that encourage learning, creativity, and adaptation
D) a biological perspective of adaptive leadership
Q4) Give an example of an adaptive challenge.
Q5) What is one reason to be skeptical of the adaptive leadership approach?
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Chapter 12: Followership
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Sample Questions
Q1) Destructive leaders such as Hitler and those who lead White supremacy groups gain followers because they prey on people's psychological need to ______.
A) become well-known
B) feel secure
C) feel powerless
D) feel chosen or special
Q2) Create your own original typology of followership.How many dimensions would it include,and what are those dimensions? Name and describe each of the resulting types of followers.
Q3) The fact that recent leadership literature has now focused more explicitly on followership than ever before is considered ______.
A) a weakness of followership studies
B) a strength of followership studies
C) a conflict with leadership studies
D) a scholarly trend on the decline
Q4) Name two psychological factors that explain why some people are susceptible to following destructive leaders.
Q5) What are the two ways of theorizing about followership?
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Chapter 13: Leadership Ethics
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Sample Questions
Q1) What are the three elements of The Toxic Triangle?
Q2) The toxic triangle by Padilla et al.describes the interrelationships between ______.
A) destructive leaders, susceptible followers, and conducive environments
B) destructive leaders, conforming followers, and stable environments
C) conforming leaders, destructive followers, and unstable environments
D) colluding followers, destructive leaders, and stable environments
Q3) The two major domains of ethical theory are conduct and character.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The teleological ethical theories are grouped together because "what is right?" is answered by looking at ______.
A) character
B) rules
C) Duty
D) outcomes
Q5) Concern about the ethics of leaders is a relatively recent phenomenon.
A)True
B)False
Q6) Compare and contrast the ethical leadership perspectives of Burns and Heifetz.
Page 15
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Chapter 14: Team Leadership
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Sample Questions
Q1) McGrath suggests preventing deleterious changes as part of ______.
A) monitoring/internal
B) executive action/internal
C) monitoring/external
D) executive action/external
Q2) A benefit of shared leadership compared with a non-shared leadership process is ______.
A) more cohesion
B) more challenges
C) more conflict
D) more disruption
Q3) The team leadership model has been criticized for ______.
A) only applying to non-profit organizations
B) failing to recognize external environmental factors
C) being overly complex
D) ignoring the idea that leadership can be shared
Q4) Hill's model for team leadership outlines a total of seven leadership actions.
A)True
B)False
Q5) How can a leader create unified commitment on a team?
Page 16
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Chapter 15: Gender and Leadership
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Sample Questions
Q1) A tendency for a group to reproduce itself in its own image is the definition of ______.
A) homosocial reproduction
B) gender stereotyping
C) agentic behavior
D) communal behavior
Q2) Many of the difficulties women face in navigating the labyrinth stem from ______.
A) male dominance behaviors
B) the incongruity in gender roles and the leadership role
C) a lack of education and experience
D) women's inability to be successful at upper-leadership roles
Q3) Which statement describes the pipeline of women in the workforce?
A) women lack the training and human capital that prepares them for upper management
B) men are obtaining college degrees at a far higher rate than women
C) women have the training and human capital that prepares them for upper management
D) training and education are not relevant to the leadership labyrinth
Q4) Why should men be concerned about the labyrinth of women's leadership?
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Chapter 16: Culture and Leadership
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Sample Questions
Q1) How many "country clusters" did GLOBE focus its findings on?
A) 10
B) 5
C) 15
D) 20
Q2) A criticism of the GLOBE research study,cited in the text,is ______.
A) the way the study measured leadership
B) the narrow scope of the study
C) underdeveloped quantitative research design
D) classification system is not as expansive as the Hofstede classification system
Q3) One weakness of the culture and leadership research is ______.
A) self-protective leader behaviors were consistent across all 10 cultural clusters
B) the definitions of some cultural dimensions and leadership behaviors are unclear
C) Hofstede's five dimensions should have been used, not the nine dimensions from GLOBE research
D) the subscales of leadership behaviors showed strong validity but lacked reliability
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