Leadership Ethics
Chapter Exam Questions
Course Introduction
Leadership Ethics explores the moral responsibilities and ethical challenges faced by leaders in various organizational and societal contexts. The course examines key ethical theories, decision-making frameworks, and the role of personal values in leadership practices. Through real-world case studies and interactive discussions, students will critically analyze dilemmas such as corporate social responsibility, stakeholder management, and ethical leadership amidst conflicting interests. By the end of the course, students will develop the skills to identify ethical issues, evaluate alternative courses of action, and cultivate integrity and accountability in their leadership approaches.
Recommended Textbook
Meeting the Ethical Challenges of Leadership 6th Edition by Craig E. Johnson
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Page 2
Chapter 1: The Leaders Light or Shadow
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Q1) ______ impression managers meet group wants and needs, not just the needs of the leaders.
A) Idea
B) Prototyped
C) Ethical
D) Loyal
Answer: C
Q2) Impression management is integral to effective leadership because followers have images of ideal leaders called ______.
A) prototypes
B) stereotypes
C) deification
D) referent power
Answer: A
Q3) ______ leaders are unable to accept new ideas.
A) Callous
B) Rigid
C) Abusive
D) Incompetent
Answer: B
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Chapter 2: Stepping Out of the Shadows
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Q1) ______________ is the conviction that we have motivation and skills to make an ethical choice and follow through on it.
A) Ethical efficacy
B) Ethical fallacy
C) Ethical perspective
D) Ethical reasoning
Answer: A
Q2) Highly ______ individuals are skilled at manipulating others for their own ends.
A) autocratic
B) tyrannical
C) Machiavellian
D) callous
Answer: C
Q3) Name the three indicators of leader selfishness.
Answer: See section on Selfishness
Q4) Machiavellians are skilled at manipulating others.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Chapter 3: The Leaders Character
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Q1) Identify ways you can practice temperance. What obstacles might you face in practicing temperance?
Answer: There are several ways to practice temperance, including setting limits on indulgent behaviors, practicing moderation in all things, and developing self-control and discipline. One can also practice mindfulness and self-awareness to recognize when they are tempted to overindulge and make conscious choices to resist those temptations.
Obstacles to practicing temperance may include societal pressures to overindulge, peer pressure, and the availability of tempting stimuli. Additionally, personal habits and cravings can be difficult to overcome, and it may be challenging to break ingrained patterns of behavior. Stress, emotional triggers, and lack of support or accountability can also hinder efforts to practice temperance. It's important to identify these obstacles and develop strategies to overcome them in order to successfully practice temperance.
Q2) From a philosophical perspective, virtues have four important features. Name these four virtues and describe each briefly.
Answer: Varies
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Page 5
Chapter 4: Combating Evil
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Q1) What role should spirituality play in shaping a leader's ethical decisions and behavior? Defend your position.
Q2) Briefly describe the four-stage model of forgiveness.
Q3) Discuss some of the "wrong" ways to apologize.
Q4) Which "face of evil" forces us to examine our motives?
A) Dreadful approach
B) Deception approach
C) Administrative approach
D) Sanctioned destruction approach
Q5) The positive outcomes of forgiving are experienced in the deepening phase of the forgiveness process.
A)True
B)False
Q6) In the four strands that explain how warring groups can bind together, ______ means to reject revenge in favor of restraint.
A) empathy
B) commitment
C) forbearance
D) moral truth
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Chapter 5: General Ethical Perspectives
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Q1) Taking a pragmatic approach is inflexible.
A)True
B)False
Q2) As a state legislator you've been asked to vote in favor of allowing cancer and glaucoma patients to smoke marijuana. Take a utilitarian approach to this decision by recording the potential costs and benefits of legalizing the medical use of pot. Based on your analysis, how would you vote?
Q3) ______ was the dominant philosophical movement in the United States from the Civil War through World War II.
A) Altruism
B) Utilitarianism
C) Functionism
D) Pragmatism
Q4) Do Rawls's principles of justice provide the best way to deal with inequalities in society? Defend your position.
Q5) As a follower, how can you resist bad leaders?
Q6) Discuss the four steps for conducting a utilitarian analysis of an ethical problem.
Q7) Describe the applications of pragmatism.
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Chapter 6: Ethical Decision Making and Behavior
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Q1) Being driven by duty to make and act on ethical decisions largely on loyalty to the group is called
A) duty orientation
B) moral orientation
C) loyalty orientation
D) primary orientation
Q2) Which type of emotions encourage us to comfort and help others?
A) Other condemning
B) Other suffering
C) Self-conscious
D) Other praising
Q3) ______ refers to making an ethical issue more visible or salient.
A) Moral sensitivity
B) Moral intensity
C) Moral focus
D) Moral character
Q4) Explain the roles that emotions play in ethical decision-making and action.
Q5) What is meant by ethical decision-making being a dual process approach?
Q6) List the five ethical blind spots listed in the text under Component 2.
Q7) Briefly discuss the significance of the Lonergan/Baird method.
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Chapter 7: Exercising Ethical Influence
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Q1) ______ is when onlookers fail to intervene to help shooting victims or those suffering from strokes or other health emergencies.
A) Hawthorne effect
B) Golem effect
C) Bystander effect
D) Pygmalion effect
Q2) Often we comply with the appearance of authority, not real authority.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Supervisors and instructors signal positive expectations by giving adequate time to employees and students, holding appointments in pleasant surroundings, sitting or standing close to workers or class members, nodding and smiling, making frequent eye contact, and using a warm tone of voice.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Inaccurate or incomplete citation of sources and quotations is an example of faculty reasoning in your position.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 8: Normative Leadership Theories
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Q1) Name five products of pseudo-transformational leadership.
Q2) Donna Ladkin identifies three components that contribute to a beautiful leadership performance, which are all of the following EXCEPT:
A) mastery
B) coherence
C) purpose
D) clarity
Q3) Transformational leaders act as coaches or mentors who foster personal development. This is referred to as
A) inspirational motivation
B) idealized influence
C) intellectual stimulation
D) individualized consideration
Q4) ______ is presenting the authentic self to others, openly expressing true thoughts and feelings appropriate for the situation.
A) Self-awareness
B) Self-efficacy
C) Balanced processing
D) Relational transparency
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Chapter 9: Building an Effective, Ethical Small Group
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Q1) ______ is how much a person expects that his or her effort will lead to high group performance.
A) Expectancy
B) Instrumentality
C) Social loafing
D) Groupthink
Q2) ______ refers to influencing our own thoughts, attitudes, and behaviors.
A) Self-leadership
B) Self-regulation
C) Self-efficacy
D) Self-confidence
Q3) Action anxiety is one of the psychological factors that accounts for the ______.
A) Abilene paradox
B) illusion of unanimity
C) Goleta effect
D) Golem effect
Q4) Discuss the elements of a small group.
Q5) Creativity and change are both positive outcomes of substantive conflict.
A)True
B)False
11
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Chapter 10: Creating an Ethical Organizational Climate
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Q1) ______ climates follow the principle of ethical egotism.
A) Law and order
B) Independence
C) Caring
D) Instrumental
Q2) Name and describe the five types of ethical climates.
Q3) Interactional justice means distributing organizational resources as fairly as possible.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Define the term "core ideology."
Q5) Describe the advantages and disadvantages of codes of ethics. What do you conclude from your analysis about the usefulness of such documents?
Q6) ______ socialization marks the end of the transition to organizational life.
A) Socialization
B) Metamorphosis
C) Corporate social responsibility
D) Social cocoon
Q7) List at least five positive outcomes of trust in an organization.
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Q8) Which elements must be part of any effort to improve organizational integrity?
Chapter 11: Meeting the Ethical Challenges of Leadership in a Global Society
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Q1) Those living in assertive, ______ cultures are tempted to engage in unethical activities in order to succeed.
A) performance-oriented
B) masculine
C) uncertainty-avoidant
D) power distance
Q2) Define mindfulness and explain how being mindful relates to leadership ethics.
Q3) All of the following are indicators to measure the uncertainty avoidant culture EXCEPT:
A) anxiety level
B) group cohesion
C) widely held attitudes about rules
D) employment stability
Q4) Compare the ethical blind spots of individualism to those of collectivism.
Q5) According to Hofstede, ______ cultures put the needs and goals of the person and her or his immediate family first.
A) collectivistic
B) individualistic
C) low-power distance
D) high-power distance
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Chapter 12: Ethical Crisis Leadership
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Q1) Extreme settings call for extreme ______.
A) leadership
B) power
C) intelligence
D) control
Q2) ______ learns from a crisis by looking for its causes.
A) Introspective sensemaking
B) Introspection
C) Retrospective sensemaking
D) Retrospection
Q3) One way to learn from a crisis is to examine what other groups and organizations have done. This is referred to as:
A) retrospective sensemaking
B) vicarious learning
C) reconsidering structure
D) none of the above
Q4) Discuss transparency as it relates to openness.
Q5) Good communication skill is one marker of a resilient organizational culture.
A)True
B)False
Page 14
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