Leadership and Organizational Change Exam Review
Course Introduction
This course explores the theories and practices of leadership within the context of organizational change. Students will examine key leadership models, the dynamics of power and influence, and the processes through which organizations adapt to internal and external challenges. Emphasis is placed on strategies for initiating, managing, and sustaining change, as well as developing skills for effective communication, team building, conflict resolution, and decision-making. Through case studies and practical exercises, students will gain insights into the roles leaders play in transforming organizations, fostering a culture of innovation, and navigating resistance to change.
Recommended Textbook
ORGB 5th Edition by Debra
L. Nelson
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18 Chapters
1128 Verified Questions
1128 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Organizational Behavior and Opportunity
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52 Verified Questions
52 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Lindock Corp., an electronics manufacturer, emphasizes human productivity and efficiency through the application of organizational goal-setting programs and differential piece-rate systems.The management at Lindock Corp.is borrowing ideas from the discipline of _____.
A)psychology
B)anthropology
C)sociology
D)engineering
Answer: D
Q2) Martha, Ben's manager, feels that Ben is an outstanding performer at work because the company pays him well.Which of the following perspectives is the manager using to explain Ben's behavior?
A)Internal perspective
B)External perspective
C)Interactive perspective
D)Cultural perspective
Answer: B
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Page 3
Chapter 2: Challenges for Managers
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55 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) _____ is a cultural orientation in which individuals belong to tightly knit social frameworks and depend strongly on extended families or clans.
A)Collectivism
B)Individualism
C)Communitarianism
D)Socialism
Answer: A
Q2) Which of the following is a benefit of diversity?
A)It results in better communication.
B)It enhances organizational flexibility.
C)It leads to faster decision making.
D)It helps in solving interpersonal conflicts.
Answer: B
Q3) The ethical questions in procedural justice examine the process by which an organization distributes its resources.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Chapter 3: Personality, Perception and Attribution
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51 Verified Questions
51 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) A(n)_____ is a situation that overwhelms the effects of individual personalities by providing strong cues for appropriate behavior.
A)weak situation
B)integrative situation
C)rigid situation
D)strong situation
Answer: D
Q2) Perceivers prefer flexible and spontaneous lives and like to keep options open.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) Which of the following statements is true of low self-monitors?
A)They offer emotional help to people dealing with work-related anxiety.
B)They respond appropriately to changes in the organizational situation.
C)They appear more unpredictable.
D)They behave consistently across situations.
Answer: D
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Chapter 4: Attitudes, Emotions and Ethics
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Sample Questions
Q1) Unlike the baby boomers, the baby busters:
A)value family life and time off from work.
B)have a work-oriented value system.
C)place a huge emphasis on achievement values at work.
D)embrace a live-to-work approach.
Q2) _____ is the willingness of an individual to make decisions when all that needs to be known cannot be known and when the ethical issue has no established, unambiguous solution.
A)Tough-mindedness
B)Organizational citizenship behavior
C)Cognitive dissonance
D)Emotional intelligence
Q3) What are the advantages of displaying ethical behavior for a firm?
Q4) Positive moods at work:
A)decrease deviance.
B)decrease organizational citizenship behavior.
C)lead to more turnover intentions.
D)increase altruistic behavior.
Q5) Briefly discuss the relationship between job satisfaction and performance.
Q6) What are the three major characteristics of the source affect persuasion?
Page 6
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Chapter 5: Motivation at Work
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Sample Questions
Q1) Work conditions related to dissatisfaction caused by discomfort or pain were labeled motivation factors.
A)True
B)False
Q2) There are no cultural differences with regard to Maslow's, McClelland's, and Herzberg's theories.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Theory X assumptions have inspired employee participation programs.
A)True
B)False
Q4) ERG theory explains both progressive need gratification and regression when people face frustration.
A)True
B)False
Q5) What are some of the characteristics of high achievers?
Q6) Alderfer classified Maslow's physiological and physical safety needs in a growth need category.
A)True
B)False
Page 7
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Chapter 6: Learning and Performance Management
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Sample Questions
Q1) _____ is a cue indicating the frequency of behavior over time.
A)Consistency
B)Consensus
C)Distinctiveness
D)Similarity
Q2) In the context of reinforcement theory, _____ are the results that a person finds attractive or pleasurable.
A)theoretical frameworks
B)positive consequences
C)negative consequences
D)learning models
Q3) Which of the following statements is true of the planning component?
A)Interim reviews are conducted by managers and employees and formal performance evaluation.
B)Employees challenge the supervisor's ideas about future development and expressing their own goals.
C)Effective performance reviews must be tailored specifically to the business.
D)Individuals and departments develop operational and tactical plans to support the corporate objectives.
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Page 8
Chapter 7: Stress and Well-Being at Work
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86 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Strain is also known as _____.
A)stress
B)distress
C)eustress
D)stressor
Q2) Counterdependence, a healthy, secure interdependent pattern of behavior, is a personality attribute strongly related to social relationships.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The Yerkes-Dodson law indicates that:
A)initial stress (or the onset of stress)causes performance to drop significantly.
B)the greatest performance benefits from stress are achieved in the mid-range of the Yerkes-Dodson curve.
C)stress and performance are unrelated.
D)stress and performance are inversely related.
Q4) The stress response is inherently bad and destructive.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 8: Communication
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Sample Questions
Q1) Men and women tend to have similar conversational styles.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Which of the following statements is an example of nondefensive communication?
A)Mary is always late to meetings! She lacks professionalism!
B)I sent the memo through intracompany mail.The postman must have lost it.
C)Dan's report is good, but I need to make one recommendation before I approve it.
D)The check is in the mail.Don't call me again!
Q3) Roberta, the supervisor of a fund-raising project, needs to discuss with her teammates about their unsatisfactory performance in the project.In order to maximize information richness in her message, Roberta will most likely:
A)send each teammate a personal e-mail.
B)post a flyer on a bulletin board for all teammates to see.
C)make telephone calls to each teammate.
D)organize face-to-face meetings with each teammate.
Q4) Describe the significance of paralanguage in nonverbal communication.
Q5) Explain how language is a potential barrier to communication.
Q6) How do communication technologies affect behavior in the work environment?
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Chapter 9: Work Teams and Groups
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Sample Questions
Q1) Communication gatekeepers within a group ensure balanced contributions from all members.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Which of the following statements is true of teams?
A)They do not know what performance measures are used to assess its task accomplishment.
B)They are unclear about individual roles and responsibilities and tend to rely heavily on the leader to answer questions about the team's purpose.
C)They lead to poor social benefits for the individual members involved.
D)They make the most significant contributions to organizations when members can put aside individual interests in favor of unity.
Q3) An effective group must have a(n)_____, especially when the group is a cross-functional one, where different perspectives carry the seeds of conflict.
A)integrator
B)communicator
C)challenger
D)collaborator
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11
Chapter 10: Decision Making by Individuals and Groups
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Sample Questions
Q1) Individuals with higher self-esteem and those who are given an opportunity to affirm an important value are less likely to de-escalate.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Cognitive style is defined as an individual's:
A)preferred method for gathering information and evaluating alternatives.
B)tendency to choose options that entail fewer risks and less uncertainty.
C)tendency to continue to support a failing course of action.
D)new, complex decision that requires a creative solution.
Q3) Which of the following preferences is used in the final step of the Z problem-solving model to determine how the people involved will be affected?
A)Feeling
B)Sensing
C)Intuiting
D)Thinking
Q4) Time orientation does not affect the frame of reference of a decision.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Describe the individual and organizational influences on creativity.
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Chapter 11: Power and Political Behavior
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54 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Reward power leads to better performance, but only as long as the employee sees a clear and strong link between performance and rewards.
A)True
B)False
Q2) If a manager makes a request to his or her employee and the employee thinks that the manager has no right to make that request, then the request falls outside the employee's:
A)political behavior.
B)zone of indifference.
C)referent power.
D)job content.
Q3) When both men and women witness political behavior, they view it negatively if the agent is of their gender and the target is of the opposite gender.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Women tend to view political behavior more favorably than do men.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 12: Leadership and Followership
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Sample Questions
Q1) In the context of the Vroom-Yetton-Jago normative decision model, the term _____ means that a manager presents the problem to the group members individually, gets their input, and then makes the decision.
A)decide individually
B)consult individually
C)facilitate
D)delegate
Q2) The first studies of leadership attempted to identify what physical attributes, personality characteristics, and abilities distinguished leaders from other members of a group.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The _____ assumes that leaders adapt their behavior and style to fit the characteristics of the followers and the environment in which they work.
A)path-goal theory
B)trait theory
C)inspirational leadership theory
D)leader-member exchange theory
Q4) Briefly explain the five guidelines for leadership.
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Chapter 13: Conflict and Negotiation
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Sample Questions
Q1) Conflict between groups leads to decreased competition.
A)True
B)False
Q2) _____ is a withdrawal mechanism that provides an escape from a conflict through daydreaming.
A)Flight
B)Fantasy
C)Withdrawal
D)Displacement
Q3) NateCare is a public hospital in the city of Greycliff.The hospital has only one specialist for neurology, one for cardiology, and another for orthopedics.The structural cause for conflict among these specialists will be _____.
A)authority relationships
B)status inconsistencies
C)interdependence
D)emotions
Q4) What are the different power networks as described by W.F.G.Mastenbroek?
Q5) Briefly explain the types of intrapersonal conflict.
Q6) Explain functional and dysfunctional conflict.
Page 15
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Chapter 14: Jobs and the Design of Work
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements is true of the social information-processing model of job design?
A)It emphasizes the social context of work.
B)It is based on the job characteristics theory.
C)It is an ergonomics-based model of job design.
D)It says that what a person thinks of his or her own job is important.
Q2) Contrary to the famous statement made by Harold Geneen, former chairman of ITT: "If I had enough arms and legs and time, I'd do it all myself," all organizations must divide work.This statement reflects the understanding that jobs result from:
A)job enlargement.
B)differentiation.
C)multitasking.
D)cross-training.
Q3) Scientific management emphasizes job enrichment.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Identify and briefly describe a few recently developed alternative work patterns.
Q5) Distinguish between job enlargement and job enrichment with an example of each.
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Chapter 15: Organizational Design and Structure
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Sample Questions
Q1) Identify a true statement about Woodward's classification schemes for technology.
A)Mass technology is classified as the least complex.
B)Beer making is an example of mass technology.
C)Process technology is classified as the most complex.
D)Unit technology is large-batch manufacturing technology.
Q2) In the context of design dimensions, which of the following is most likely an important organizational variable for flexible structures?
A)Complexity
B)Humility
C)Trust
D)Control
Q3) Short organizational life cycles put more pressure on the organization to:
A)be mechanistic in its design.
B)avoid formalization.
C)adopt a tall organizational structure.
D)be both flexible and efficient.
Q4) The adhocracy emphasizes the support staff and mutual adjustment among people.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 16: Organizational Culture
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Sample Questions
Q1) Stories that aren't backed by reality can lead to cynicism and mistrust.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Corporate leaders can greatly influence and shape organizational culture by:
A)delegating crisis management authority and instituting layoffs during crises.
B)rewarding behavior that is consistent with the values of the organization.
C)discouraging employees from undertaking risks.
D)employing a nonadaptive approach.
Q3) Newcomers whose values match a company's values are more satisfied with their new jobs.
A)True
B)False
Q4) A company's espoused values are known as its enacted values.
A)True
B)False
Q5) _____ are the most visible and accessible level of culture.
A)Values
B)Artifacts
C)Assumptions
D)Socialization processes
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Chapter 17: Career Management
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Sample Questions
Q1) Employees are required to negotiate effective psychological contracts during the establishment stage.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Corporate allegiance meant:
A)promoting shared employer and employee commitment to the goal of a project.
B)distributing financial and reputational rewards based on project outcomes.
C)being loyal to one's work group can be more important than the project allocated to the group.
D)constant rearrangement of reporting relationships based on project requirements.
Q3) The career paths of many women have moved from starting their own businesses to working in large organizations.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The advancement stage is a period when:
A)individuals strive for job stability rather than upward mobility.
B)newcomers in an organization no longer require a mentor.
C)newcomers in an organization shy away from responsibility.
D)many individuals strive for achievement.
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Chapter 18: Managing Change
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Sample Questions
Q1) Identify a true statement about organization development.
A)It seeks to improve only individual well-being and effectiveness.
B)It does not emphasize intervention at any level of an organization.
C)It utilizes behavioral science theory and research to increase effectiveness.
D)It undermines the reciprocal relationship between individuals and organizations.
Q2) Which of the following is a key strategy for managing resistance to change in which employees must be engaged and involved in order for change to work?
A)Participation
B)Empathy
C)Support
D)Communication
Q3) Emerald Inc.sponsors a corporate outing for its employees annually wherein employees participate in activities such as scavenger hunts and laser tag.This scenario illustrates that Emerald Inc.is using outdoor challenges to:
A)improve leadership skills.
B)improve team building.
C)obtain feedback.
D)improve role negotiation skills.
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