Leadership and Management Exam
Answer Key
Course Introduction
This course explores the foundational principles and practices of effective leadership and management within organizational settings. Students will examine key theories of leadership and management, analyze the differences and overlaps between the two roles, and develop skills essential for motivating teams, managing conflict, and driving organizational change. Through real-world case studies, interactive discussions, and practical exercises, participants will learn to cultivate their own leadership style, make strategic decisions, communicate effectively, and foster a positive organizational culture. The course prepares students for leadership positions by emphasizing ethical decision-making, critical thinking, and adaptive approaches in dynamic work environments.
Recommended Textbook
Management 8th Edition by Angelo Kinicki
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Chapter 1: The Exceptional Manager: What You Do How You
Do It
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Sample Questions
Q1) _______ are two of the primary challenges facing managers today.
A)Dealing with employee issues and maintaining good records
B)Dealing with the lack of information and union problems
C)Dealing with union and financial issues
D)Managing for a competitive advantage and diversity
E)Dealing with ethical dilemmas and decreasing diversity
Answer: D
Q2) You have just taken a job as an entry-level manager for a company that provides house-cleaning services.The company has a large national presence,with offices in 40 U.S.states.You know you are starting at the bottom of the management ladder,but you hope to grow and rise through the ranks to become a senior manager.What is your likely salary range when you first take the job?
A)$45,000 - $120,000
B)$35,000 - $60,000
C)$80,000 - $100,000
D)$14,000 - $20,000
E)$26,000 - $29,000
Answer: B
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Chapter 2: Management Theory: Essential Background for the
Successful Manager
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Sample Questions
Q1) To gain a competitive edge this year,the upper management of a global IT company has decided to focus on customer service,employee training,and continuous quality improvement.This approach is known as
A)customer focus.
B)total quality management (TQM).
C)evidence-based management.
D)competitive edging.
E)constancy of purpose.
Answer: B
Q2) Which disciplines does the field of behavioral science include?
A)psychology,sociology,forensic science,and economics
B)psychology,forensic science,sociology,anthropology,and economics
C)psychiatry,technology,environmental science,and forensic science
D)chemistry,biology,earth science,and management
E)psychology,sociology,anthropology,and economics
Answer: E
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Chapter 3: The Managers Changing Work Environment and
Ethical Responsibilities: Doing the Right Thing
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Sample Questions
Q1) Joe,a lobbyist who represents the oil industry,is meeting with several members of Congress to try to exert political influence by contributing funds to the lawmakers' election campaigns.Joe also is involved in a letter-writing campaign to promote his cause.Joe is working on behalf of a A)government regulator.
B)task force.
C)focus group.
D)strategic alliance.
E)special-interest group.
Answer: E
Q2) Paul,who is normally an ethical person,has an opportunity to acquire what he feels is "easy" money in his job,and he believes it is safe to steal the money because nobody would know if he does take it.Paul rationalizes that it is fine to steal the money because he needs it more than the person whom the money belongs to.The psychological mechanism that causes Paul to want to steal the money is poor self-esteem.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Chapter 4: Global Management: Managing Across Borders
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Sample Questions
Q1) Spark,Inc. ,which manufactures the fireworks that municipal governments buy to put on their annual fireworks shows on the Fourth of July,moved most of its manufacturing operations from the United States to China a decade ago.Now,Spark is moving production back to the United States because the company's managers are uncomfortable with many Chinese business practices.Spark,Inc.engages in __________ when it moves its operations back to the United States.
A)offshoring
B)outsourcing
C)reshoring
D)globalizing
E)countertrading
Q2) ASEAN is a(n)
A)trading bloc consisting of 10 countries in Asia.
B)association of American and Southeast Asian nations.
C)trading bloc consisting of 10 countries along the Atlantic Ocean.
D)worldwide banking association.
E)union of global nations that strives to bring world peace.
Q3) Describe NAFT
Q4) This question has two parts;be sure to answer both.
Q5) This question has two parts;be sure to answer both.
Page 6
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Chapter 5: Planning: the Foundation of Successful Management
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Sample Questions
Q1) Steve,a hotel general manager,has had great success using MBO.Hannah,his district manager,has found that Steve's employees are highly motivated.Because Steve _________,Hannah is able to discern that he is using MBO.
A)has increased training
B)rewards his employees with compliments,raises,and other benefits as they meet their goals
C)is big on discipline
D)gives few compliments,but is very honest with his employees
E)uses the Outward Theory that proposes discussing issues in open meetings
Q2) Nike's famous tagline,"Just do it," is an example of a slogan,not a business plan or a strategy.Briefly describe the differences among these key terms: planning,a business plan,and a strategy.
Q3) Every five years,the upper-level managers of ABC Technology meet to develop a new large-scale action plan that will set the direction for the company for the next five years.In that meeting the managers work on developing a strategy.
A)True
B)False
Q4) This question contains two parts;be sure to answer both.
Page 7
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Chapter 6: Strategic Management: How Exceptional Managers Realize
a Grand Design
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Sample Questions
Q1) Brilliante Pens,a 125-year-old pen manufacturer,markets very high-quality pens,many of which cost more than $1,000 each,to executives globally,always maintaining its reputation of superior value in its narrow market.Brilliante is using a cost-focus strategy.
A)True
B)False
Q2) This question contains multiple parts;be sure to answer all of them.First,define and explain strategic control.Next,summarize Bryan Barry's suggestions for keeping strategic planning on track.Finally,suppose you are the owner of a dog-walking service with eight dog-walkers on staff.Explain how you would implement each of Barry's suggestions.
Q3) Imagine that you are the CEO of a national chain of pet stores,Pets R Us.Define competitive intelligence and explain how you would use it to assess the current reality/business climate.
Q4) _________ is another term for a defensive strategy.
A)A retrenchment strategy
B)A fixed plan
C)The aggressive approach
D)A growth strategy
E)A stability strategy
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Chapter 7: Individual and Group Decision Making: How Managers Make
Things Happen
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Sample Questions
Q1) Rachel,the HR manager of a large publishing company,is considering if she should appoint a group to improve on the company's present diversity plan.The goal is to increase the diversity of the company's workforce.Summarize the advantages and disadvantages of using group decision making in this situation.
Q2) With regard to decision making,it is accurate to say that groups
A)take less time to make decisions,and their decision-making accuracy is higher. B)take less time to make decisions,and the larger the group,lower the quality of the decision.
C)have higher decision-making accuracy when group members know a good deal about the relevant issues.
D)that are larger make higher-quality decisions.
E)take less time to make decisions,and are more confident about their choices than individuals are.
Q3) Sunk-cost bias-money already spent seems to justify continuing.The sunk-cost bias is sometimes called the "Concorde" effect,referring to the fact that the French and British governments continued to invest in the Concorde supersonic jetliner even when it was evident there was no economic justification for the aircraft.
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Chapter 8: Organizational Culture, Structure, and Design:
Building Blocks of the Organization
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Sample Questions
Q1) Time Warner has different divisions for magazines,movies,recordings,cable television,and so on.The Warner Bros.part of the empire alone has divisions spanning movies and television,a broadcast network,retail stores,theaters,amusement parks,and music.Time Warner is an example of an organization with ____ divisions.
A)geographic
B)common
C)product
D)merchandise
E)customer
Q2) This question has two parts;be sure to answer both.First,describe the four common elements of organizations proposed by Edgar Schein.Next,imagine that you work for a nonprofit animal-rescue organization,Animalia,Inc.Describe how each of the four elements relates to that organization's activities and operations.Animalia has several full-time employees,plus many volunteers (including veterinarians)who rescue and care for hurt and abandoned animals.
Q3) Contrast power and authority.How do power and authority differ between military organizations and typical business organizations?
Q4) Define organizational structure.
Page 10
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Chapter 9: Human Resource Management: Getting the
Right People for Managerial Success
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Sample Questions
Q1) This question has two parts;be sure to answer both.First,list and describe the three parts of compensation.Second,consider this situation: Felix earns a $45,000 yearly salary as the store manager of a local McDonald's franchise.The owner of the franchise pays for medical and dental insurance for Felix and his family.In addition,Felix can earn a $1,000 bonus for each month the store exceeds $250,000 in revenue.Explain how Felix's compensation breaks down into the three different parts of compensation.
Q2) During a(n)_______________,Megan asked Jeff to tell her about the actions he took to overcome some sort of adversity.
A)realistic job preview
B)performance interview
C)situational interview
D)unstructured interview
E)behavioral description interview
Q3) Mediation is the process in which a neutral third party,an arbitrator,listens to both parties in a dispute and makes a decision that the parties have agreed will be binding on them.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 10: Organizational Change and Innovation: Lifelong
Challenges for the Exceptional Manager
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Q1) Reactive change involves making carefully thought-out changes in anticipation of possible or expected problems or opportunities.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The invention of a machine to make plastic corks for wine bottles has severely affected companies that produce traditional cork.The invention of the machine for making plastic corks is an example of a(n)______ advancement.
A)market
B)social and political
C)technological
D)demographical
E)economic
Q3) What are the differences between innovation,invention,and creativity?
Q4) During Lewin's changing stage,managers should
A)reduce the barriers to change.
B)make employees dissatisfied with the present situation.
C)reinforce the desired change.
D)give employees new information,perspectives,and models for behavior.
E)encourage employees to exhibit the new change.
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Chapter 11: Managing Individual Differences and Behavior:
Supervising People As People
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Sample Questions
Q1) ________________ is the extent to which employees have positive or negative feelings about various aspects of their work.
A)Job involvement
B)Job satisfaction
C)Organizational commitment
D)Job performance
E)Job enrichment
Q2) Which of the following is the most common drug of abuse?
A)marijuana
B)tranquilizers
C)prescription pain medication
D)alcohol
E)methamphetamine
Q3) Boring,tedious jobs generally reduce people's perceptions of their
A)self-esteem.
B)anxiety.
C)tolerance for pain.
D)level of extroversion.
E)self-efficacy.
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Q4) Define the five types of distortion in perception.Give an example of each.
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Chapter 12: Motivating Employees: Achieving Superior
Performance in
the
Workplace
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Sample Questions
Q1) This question contains multiple parts;be sure to answer each.First,explain the difference between motivating factors and hygiene factors in Herzberg's theory of motivation.Give examples of each,preferably from your own experience.Next,imagine that you manage the customer-service department of WebCast,a company that provides TV,telephone,and Internet service to households in the northern part of your state.How would you use Herzberg's theory to motivate your crew of installation experts,who go to people's homes and set up their TV/phone/Internet service?
Q2) Ricardo's sales manager just informed his sales team that all sales in January will earn an extra 5 percent commission.The team gets right to work,being motivated by a(n)
A)extrinsic reward.
B)physiological need.
C)high need for power.
D)intrinsic reward.
E)hygiene factor.
Q3) A manager should administer punishment in public in front of employees because the embarrassment enhances the punishment and its effectiveness.
A)True
B)False
Page 14
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Chapter 13: Groups and Teams: Increasing Cooperation, Reducing Conflict
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Sample Questions
Q1) ______ is a "we feeling" that binds group members together.
A)Group cohesiveness
B)Groupthink
C)Norming
D)Social loafing
E)Maintenance
Q2) In all but the worst weather,Beth and three coworkers met each day at 12:15 to walk the wilderness trail behind their office building.The four co-workers are an example of a(n)
A)continuous improvement team.
B)formal group.
C)self-managed team.
D)virtual team.
E)informal group.
Q3) Which of the following is true of informal groups?
A)Informal groups have appointed leaders.
B)A temporary committee is an example of an informal group.
C)Members of an informal group are assigned to it by the skills they possess.
D)Informal groups can advance or undercut the plans of formal groups.
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E)Informal groups are primarily created to solve an organizational problem.
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Chapter 14: Power, Influence, and Leadership: From
Becoming a Manager to Becoming a Leader
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Sample Questions
Q1) ________,which include acting friendly or making someone feel good or important before making a request,are influence tactics.
A)Coalition tactics
B)Inspirational appeals
C)Consultations
D)Personal appeals
E)Ingratiating tactics
Q2) One of three dimensions of situational control in the contingency leadership model,______ is the extent to which tasks are routine,unambiguous,and easily understood.
A)job mastery
B)task identity
C)position power
D)task structure
E)job design
Q3) Female leaders tend to use transformational leadership more than male leaders do.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Describe what leaders do and do not want from their followers.
Page 16
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Chapter 15: Interpersonal Organizational Communication:
Mastering the Exchange of Information
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is an example of empathetic communication?
A)"We need to get this job finished on time if we want to keep our jobs."
B)"These intense deadlines are both unreasonable and unfair."
C)"You don't have a choice;this is the job we hired you to do."
D)"I understand your frustration;this deadline is intense,and we're running on reduced staff."
E)"If you don't like your job,we can easily replace you."
Q2) When a supervisor is afraid to voice an idea because she fears criticism,the result is a receiver barrier.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Which of the following is a "don't" when attempting to improve communication?
A)Occasionally nod in agreement.
B)Close your eyes.
C)Speak in a quiet,reassuring tone.
D)Smile and show animation.
E)Lean toward the speaker.
Q4) Discuss four general strategies that managers can use to streamline meetings.
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Q5) Gender differences-the idea that,on average,men and women often have different communication styles
Chapter 16: Control Systems and Quality Management:
Techniques for Enhancing Organizational Effectiveness
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Sample Questions
Q1) An income statement summarizes an organization's financial results over a specified period of time,such as a quarter or a year.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Gina was recently promoted to facilities director at Wholesome Grains.Which of the following should she do immediately as she tries to improve productivity?
A)Use the established technology with which her employees are most familiar.
B)Rotate all personnel so that each has an opportunity to try something new.
C)Hire new employees such that they are similar to those already on the team.
D)Establish a system of measurement.
E)Cut costs.
Q3) According to Kaplan and Norton,_______ maps are "visual representations of a company's critical objectives and the crucial relationships among them that drive organizational performance."
A)strategy
B)positioning
C)multidimensional
D)customer
E)graphic interface
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