Law Enforcement Exam Review
Course Introduction
Law Enforcement explores the roles, responsibilities, and challenges of police and other law enforcement agencies in modern society. The course examines the history and development of policing, functions and structures of law enforcement organizations, and the legal and ethical frameworks guiding officer conduct. Students will analyze key topics such as community policing, use of force, criminal investigation procedures, crime prevention strategies, and the impact of technology on policing. Real-world case studies and current issues, including police-community relations and reforms, will be discussed to provide a comprehensive understanding of the practical and societal implications of law enforcement practices.
Recommended Textbook
Criminal Evidence 7th Edition by Norman M Garland
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15 Chapters
948 Verified Questions
948 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/study-set/2928
Page 2
Chapter 1: Introduction to the Law of Evidence and the
Pretrial Process
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62 Verified Questions
62 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/58352
Sample Questions
Q1) Evidence may not be classified as which one of the following?
A)real
B)demonstrative
C)circumstantial
D)impartial
Answer: D
Q2) The federal courts are authorized to try which of the following crimes?
A)robbery of federally insured banks
B)armed robbery
C)grand theft
D)burglary
Answer: A
Q3) "Trial by ordeal" was an appeal to the supernatural to determine guilt or innocence.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Page 3
Chapter 2: The Trial Process
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63 Verified Questions
63 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Provide an example of jury nullification.
Answer: For example,if a person is on trial for drug possession involving possession of marijuana for personal use,a jury might acquit because its members do not believe such drug possession should be illegal even if the prosecution has offered proof beyond a reasonable doubt of all the elements of the crime.
Q2) Which of the following is not a requirement to be a juror?
A)being a citizen of the United States
B)being a resident of the jurisdiction where the trial is taking place
C)being a registered voter
D)having the ability to speak and understand English
Answer: C
Q3) A potential juror may be excused from voir dire for no articulable reason.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q4) Briefly explain the process of voir dire.
Answer: Voir dire is the process whereby judges and/or attorneys question potential jurors in order to determine which individuals may be able to act impartially and could serve as an unbiased juror.
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Chapter 3: Evidence-Basic Concepts
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65 Verified Questions
65 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) A judge may take judicial notice of all of the following except:
A)the location of a street in a city.
B)a federal statute.
C)the patterns or whorls of fingerprints found at a crime scene matching the defendant's.
D)the day of the week on which a holiday fell upon.
Answer: C
Q2) Prima facie evidence is often the result of a violation of:
A)a treaty.
B)the defendant's Fifth and Sixth Amendment rights.
C)a state statute.
D)federal law.
Answer: C
Q3) Material evidence does not have to be relevant to be admitted.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Chapter 4: Witnesses-Competency and Privileged Communications
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65 Verified Questions
65 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) If a husband and wife speak in confidence but in public and believe they cannot be heard by a third party,but speak loudly such that if there were a third party present the conversation could be overheard,the marital communications privilege does not apply if a third party overhears the conversation.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Which of the following is generally not a confidential relationship which could give rise to a privilege?
A)Husband and wife.
B)Parent and child.
C)Accountant and client.
D)Confidential informant and law enforcement officer.
Q3) Most federal courts hold that a qualified news reporter's privilege exists under federal law.
A)True
B)False
Q4) What are two possible justifications for the attorney-client privilege?
Q5) If there are questions as to whether a privilege should be recognized,how will the court proceed?
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Chapter 5: Witnesses-Lay and Expert
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62 Verified Questions
62 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to FRE,what exceptions to the rule prohibiting leading questions on direct examination are allowed?
Q2) If a witness does not appear in accordance with an oral request,a penalty cannot be imposed by the court.
A)True
B)False
Q3) In order to utilize the testimony of an expert witness
A)the expert witness must be shown to have advanced education in his or her field.
B)the subject matter of the proposed expert's testimony must be scientific.
C)the expert's field requires scientific,technical or specialized knowledge.
D)the expert is required to have at least 10 years of experience in his or her specialized field.
Q4) The Rule on Witnesses
A)provides that a witness be compensated for his or her testimony.
B)places a limit on how far a witness by be required to travel in order to testify without being compensated.
C)allows a court to impose sanctions on a subpoenaed witness for non-appearance.
D)excludes witnesses from the courtroom during trial.
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Page 7
Chapter 6: Credibility and Impeachment
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63 Verified Questions
63 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following persons do not make assessments of a witness's or potential witness's credibility?
A)The judge
B)Another witness
C)A police officer
D)An attorney
Q2) The primary function of cross-examination is to impeach the witness.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Character witnesses can give opinions as to what other people in the community think about the character of first witness for truthfulness.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Name the four elements of witness capacity and an example of how each could aid in the impeachment of a witness.
Q5) Name the four forms of evidence permitted to prove the trait of character relating to untruthfulness.
Q6) What is the definition of a crime involving dishonesty or false statements?
Q7) What are five reasons why a witness may not tell the truth?
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Chapter 7: The Hearsay Rule
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64 Verified Questions
64 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The state of mind of the declarant exception to the hearsay rule goes to show the state of mind of the person who is testifying as to what another person said.
A)True
B)False
Q2) All of the following are subcategories of statements that are Not Offered for the Truth of the Matter Asserted (NOTMA)except:
A)Operative legal fact
B)State of mind of the hearer
C)State of Mind of the declarant
D)Dying declarations
Q3) A's statement to B,"I paid you to kill X," is an example of an utterance of an operative legal fact.
A)True
B)False
Q4) What are the three types of vicarious opposing parties' statements (admissions)?
Q5) The hearsay rule has a preference that the declarant not be present in court.
A)True
B)False
Q6) What are the four foundational requirements for a dying declaration?
Page 9
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Chapter 8: Opposing Partys Statements Admissionsand
Confessions
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63 Verified Questions
63 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Explain the effect of the 2004 Supreme Court decision in United States v.Patane in connection with the exclusionary rule and Miranda.
Q2) What is an adoptive opposing party's statement (admissions)?
Q3) A confession of one defendant,implicating a co-defendant is generally inadmissible.Explain why these confessions are inadmissible,and give some of the suggested procedures for overcoming this problem.
Q4) In order for a defendant to claim that a confession was involuntarily given,there MUST be some action by a federal or state agent.
A)True
B)False
Q5) List the exceptions to Miranda.
Q6) A Miranda violation is NOT a constitutional violation. A)True
B)False
Q7) An opposing party's statement (admissions)is always an acknowledgment of guilt. A)True
B)False
Page 10
Q8) Miranda requires the police to warn a suspect in custody of what rights?
Q9) What is the test for "custody"?
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Chapter 9: The Exclusionary Rule-Search and Seizure
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66 Verified Questions
66 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is not true about the staleness doctrine?
A)A police officer can only search the place listed in the warrant for 24 hours before the warrant expires.
B)A police officer only has a certain length of time to execute a search warrant before it expires.
C)An arrest warrant does not usually become stale.
D)Probable cause to search or seize an object may dissipate before the search has been conducted.
Q2) An individual has a constitutional right against self-incrimination not to furnish blood or handwriting samples.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Explain the attenuation doctrine.
Q4) Which case interpreted the inevitable-discovery exception?
A)Silverthorne Lumber Co.v.United States
B)Wong Sun v.United States
C)Nix.V.Williams
D)Elkins v.United States
Q5) What is the test for determining if a search has occurred?
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Chapter 10: Exclusionary Rule-Identification Procedures
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63 Verified Questions
63 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) If a witness is not certain of a suspect's identity at the initial confrontation,but is certain of the identity after a suggestive identification procedure,the court will likely:
A)Credit the identification as reliable.
B)Not credit the identification as reliable.
C)Find the suggestiveness irrelevant because the witness is certain of the identification.
D)Consider how suggestive the procedure was.
Q2) A law enforcement officer should intentionally delay filing a complaint,and thus delay the initiation of adversary judicial proceedings,against an accused in order to have a lineup without counsel being present.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Why is it necessary for counsel to be present at a post-indictment lineup?
Q4) When does a critical stage begin?
Q5) What test does the court apply to determine whether or not the in-court identification is trustworthy?
Q6) If a court finds an identification procedure to be unnecessary and suggestive what must the court then determine?
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Page 13
Chapter 11: Circumstantial Evidence
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67 Verified Questions
67 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The relevancy of circumstantial evidence is based primarily on:
A)logic.
B)good sense.
C)reasonableness.
D)reliability.
Q2) The rules of admissibility are the same for direct and circumstantial evidence.
A)True
B)False
Q3) According to FRE 405(a),a character witness may testify only by describing the defendant's attributes,traits or abilities.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Self-defense may be based on the theory of fear.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Explain when a victim's character is at issue at trial.
Q6) What does the expression "opening Pandora's box" mean?
Q7) Evidence may be determined to be relevant but not admissible.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 12: Documentary Evidence and the Right of Discovery
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63 Verified Questions
63 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Evidence that is substituted for an original document is known as primary evidence.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Documents may be classified as which of the following?
A)Admissible and inadmissible
B)Legitimate and unlawful
C)Public and private
D)Governmental and unofficial
Q3) The defense may not participate in discovery if the judge determines which of the following?
A)That the defense is simply on a "fishing expedition" in an effort to see what is being held by the prosecution.
B)That the defense failed to make a formal request to participate in discovery.
C)When the defense improperly filed a motion or notice of intent to participate in discovery.
D)The evidence the defense is seeking is irrelevant to the defendant's guilt or innocence.
Q4) What are the four different categories of Public Documents?
Q5) What is the range of matters that may be subject to discovery by the defendant?
Page 15
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Chapter 13: Physical Evidence
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59 Verified Questions
59 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) List three reasons why it is impractical for an officer to have exclusive control of an item of physical evidence from its discovery at the crime scene to its admission in court.
Q2) What are the four general categories of physical evidence?
Q3) List five objections that may be used by a defense attorney in order to prevent an item from being admitted as evidence.
Q4) List three procedures that may be used by a police officer to positively identify an object,and therefore,ensure its admissibility at trial?
Q5) Complete control over a piece of evidence does not mean that the officer has to carry the object with him at all times.
A)True
B)False
Q6) Who can collect and process items found at a crime scene?
A)An investigator
B)A passerby
C)The judge
D)The defense attorney
Q7) When is a crime scene video generally admitted? When is it not?
Q8) What determines if an item is relevant as physical evidence?
Page 16
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Chapter 14: Photographic, recorded, and
Computer-Generated Evidence
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62 Verified Questions
62 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) All of the following are examples of photographic evidence except A)electric light magnetic optical (ELMO).
B)motion pictures.
C)X-ray films.
D)lie-detector printouts.
Q2) A photograph or recording may be admitted into evidence after satisfying which of the following requirements?
A)The photograph or recording is relevant.
B)The photograph or recording was acquired without violating any of the defendant's constitutional rights.
C)The photograph or recording is legally relevant and authentic.
D)The photograph or recording is a fair and accurate recording of the crime scene.
Q3) What are the three methods of authentication other than by an attesting witness?
A)Relevancy,identification,and satisfying the best evidence rule.
B)Chain of custody,continual possession,and indistinctive characteristic.
C)Chain of possession,continual possession,and distinctive characteristic.
D)Laying the foundation,identification,and satisfying the balancing test.
Q4) State who needs to lay the foundation to admit a digital image or recording and explain why.
Page 17
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Chapter 15: How to Testify Effectively
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61 Verified Questions
61 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) If an officer is put on-call to testify,he or she may not need to personally appear in court.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Describe the tradition of the "well," and describe how the officers should approach the witness stand.
Q3) A subpoena will include all of the following except:
A)the name of the defendant.
B)where and when to appear in court.
C)whether the officer should make a personal appearance in court.
D)the proper courtroom attire to be worn by the officer.
Q4) An officer is allowed to bring and to refer to personal notes on the stand. A)True
B)False
Q5) If the officer does not know the answer to a question,the officer should not answer by stating,"I do not know."
A)True
B)False
Q6) Describe appropriate court attire for the police officer.
Q7) How can an officer's testimony endanger the efforts of the prosecution?
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