Labor Relations
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Course Introduction
Labor Relations explores the dynamic relationship between employers, employees, and the unions that represent them within the workplace. This course examines the history, structure, and function of labor unions, collective bargaining processes, grievance resolution, and the legal frameworks that govern labor-management interactions. Students will analyze case studies and real-world scenarios to understand the impact of labor relations on organizational effectiveness, employee rights, workplace conflict, and negotiation strategies. The course also addresses current trends and challenges in labor relations, including globalization, technological changes, and shifts in public policy.
Recommended Textbook Labor Relations Striking a Balance 4th Edition by
John W. Budd
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13 Chapters
2095 Verified Questions
2095 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: Contemporary Labor Relations: Objectives, Practices, and Challenges
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84 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Traditional adversarial bargaining relationships between employers and employees has made meeting employers' increasing need for ____________________ more difficult?
A)Flexibility.
B)Equity.
C)Cooperation and employee involvement.
D)Workplace fairness.
Answer: C
Q2) In nonunion environments,management has unilateral control over when and how employees are allowed to express their voice.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) Part of the decline in union density may be due to the fact that newer entrants to the workforce are less likely to have ever experienced the benefits of unionization and therefore are less likely to become union members themselves.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Chapter 2: Labor Unions: Good or Bad
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141 Verified Questions
141 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The primary example of a system of shared,bilateral authority in which employee voice is independent of managerial authority is ?????????????
Answer: collective bargaining
Q2) According to the human resources school of thought,the solution to the labor problem is better management that emphasizes:
A)unions as a mechanism for employees to express their voice
B)alignment of the interests of workers and their employers
C)scientific management principles that improve efficiency
D)paying at the high end of the market wage scale
Answer: B
Q3) One undesirable outcome stemming from the labor problem was that workers themselves could not buy the goods and services they were producing.In other words,workers lacked ______________________ power.
Answer: consumer purchasing or purchasing
Q4) The ____________________________ school of thought believes that market competition between self-interested agents will derive the best outcomes for both employers and their employees.
Answer: Mainstream economics
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Chapter 3: Historical Development
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Sample Questions
Q1) The Homestead Strike of the Iron and Steel workers in Homestead,PA is representative of the struggle in the late 1800's between worker control over their own working conditions and management's right to unilaterally establish working conditions.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) (p.66,"Rise of National Unions" exercise)The quote,"This and other considerations have convinced us that if we resort to political action at all,we must keep clear of entangling alliances.With a distinct workingman's party in the field,there can be no distrust,no want of confidence" can be attributed to the leader of which of the following unions:
A)The Industrial Workers of the World.
B)The American Federation of Labor.
C)The Knights of Labor.
D)The National Labor Union.
Answer: D
Q3) The Industrial Workers of the World demonstrates the _______________________ model of unionism.
Answer: revolutionary
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Page 5
Chapter 4: Labor Law
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176 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The ___________________________ Act forbids federal courts from issuing injunctions that interfere with the activities of unions such as strikes,payment of strike benefits,publicizing a dispute,peaceful picketing and unionization itself..
Q2) The Landrum-Griffin Act establishes a ___________________ responsibility of unions by requiring that they submit financial information to the Department of Labor.
Q3) The National Industrial Recovery Act of 1933 was the first piece of U.S.legislation to explicitly give workers the right to unionize.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The _____________________________ provides voluntary mediation to labor and management negotiators.
Q5) When a union would negotiate substandard wages or working conditions,or ignore employer contract violations,while still collecting union dues,it was called a __________________ contract.
Q6) Under the National Labor Relations Act,employees who will for union representation have the right to _______________________ as well as to form,join,or assist labor organizations.
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Page 6
Chapter 5: Labor and Management: Strategies, Structures, and Constraints
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171 Verified Questions
171 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Arguments that labor unions create market conflict that result in less-than-optimal results reflect:
A)Duty ethical beliefs.
B)Fairness ethical beliefs.
C)Libertarian ethical beliefs.
D)Utilitarian ethical beliefs.
Q2) A management theory that sees employees as a source of competitive advantage and empowers them to participate in decision making is known as:
A)Theory A.
B)Theory X.
C)Theory Y.
D)Theory Z.
Q3) Explain the concept of employee empowerment unionism and describe how it might be more desirable in certain professions such as university professors or sports than in other jobs.
Q4) In most unions,the first person contacted when a grievance arises in the workplace is the union steward.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 6: Union Organizing
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Sample Questions
Q1) The Employee Free Choice Act proposes settling first contracts using _______________________________ if the parties are unable to reach an agreement through negotiations.
Q2) Explain the process that employees must go through in order to get the NLRB to conduct a representation election.
Q3) Some unions,especially in the construction industry,have tried a tactic called _______________________________,in which paid union organizers try to get hired as regular employees for the purpose of organizing the workers.
Q4) A campaign to organize nonunion workers into a union and gain recognition by their employer is known as a (an)_______________________________.
Q5) A successful campaign to organize commercial building janitors in several major cities during the 1980s was known as the _______________________________ campaign.
Q6) Supervisors are excluded from the National Labor Relations Act and therefore cannot legally form unions.
A)True
B)False
Q7) The opposite of a certification election is a(n)_______________________________.
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Chapter 7: Bargaining
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Sample Questions
Q1) Employers and unions can bargain over permissive items if they choose,but since they are outside the boundaries of the NLRA,the NLRB cannot order bargaining on these issues.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Given the advantages associated with integrative bargaining,why is it so difficult to get collective bargaining partners to use it?
Q3) In what ways does public sector bargaining differ from private sector bargaining?
Q4) ____________________ pertains to concerns of managing the labor-management relationship,such as creating trust.
A)Distributive bargaining
B)Attitudinal structuring
C)Direct dealing
D)Unilateral change
Q5) A union with strong _______________________________ can impose significant costs on management through a strike.
Q6) Describe the four major types of bad faith bargaining.
Q7) Another name for integrative bargaining is
Chapter 8: Impasse, Strikes, and Dispute Resolution
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Sample Questions
Q1) The PATCO strike in 1981 is commonly recognized as a turning point for labor in that it marks the start of a rise in the use of permanent strike replacements as a way to break a union.
A)True
B)False
Q2) At the end of the NFL lockout of referees,the NFL could have kept the replacement referees on staff without hiring back the union referees if they had wanted to do so.
A)True
B)False
Q3) When negotiators in the railway and airline industries reach an impasse in negotiations,they are required by law to try mediation.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Lockouts are considered illegal if:
A)They could potentially harm public safety and/or health
B)They are not authorized by the NLRB
C)They are deemed by the NLRB to be an attempt to destroy the union
D)They are not offensive (versus defensive)in nature
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Page 10
Chapter 9: Contract Clauses and Their Administration
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Sample Questions
Q1) In 1960 the Supreme Court issued a set if decisions known as the ____________________________ which established the legal authority of arbitrator's to make final and binding decisions and the obligation of parties to abide by those decisions.
Q2) The effect of a union contract is often to create wage compression.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The _______________________________ clause establishes management's authority over traditional management functions such as hiring,firing,assigning work,determining job content,and deciding what to produce and how and where to make it.
Q4) An ombudsperson is a neutral person,employed by the company,who may investigate disputes but who is primarily concerned with helping management and the employee resolve their differences.
A)True B)False
Q5) _______________________________ is the process of interpreting,applying,and resolving conflicts arising from a collective bargaining agreement.
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Q6) What are the union's obligations under a typical union contract?
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Chapter 10: Flexibility, Empowerment, and Partnership
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Sample Questions
Q1) The TEAM Act was introduced in Congress to explicitly outlaw labor-management committees that do not seek to negotiate collective bargaining agreements.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The 1970s saw an increase in confrontations between management and labor due to worker dissatisfaction with repetitive and narrowly defined jobs as well as work line speedups and confrontational discipline.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Quality circles are:
A)A frequent component of continuous improvement programs.
B)A way for workers to make suggestions about how to improve productivity and quality.
C)Not intended to change the underlying structure of work.
D)All of the above.
Q4) Implementing a new strategy for labor-management relations is difficult.What challenges does an organization that wants to make a change face and what are some of the strategies it might use to overcome resistance?
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Chapter 11: Globalization
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165 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The European Union includes ____________________.
A)Capital mobility across member countries
B)Labor mobility across member countries
C)A common currency
D)All of the above
Q2) The _______________________________ was an international agreement among 109 signatory countries to reduce tariffs on specific products.
Q3) Which of the following is likely to decrease the ability of a European Works Council to contribute toward employee representation?
A)Strong codetermination rights
B)Weak or inexperienced union leaders
C)Management support for codetermination
D)Strong national unions
Q4) The North American Agreement on Labor Cooperation has been highly effective in improving labor standards among NAFTA nations.
A)True
B)False
Q5) International trade allow more efficient use of ____________resources.
Q6) Briefly define the four dimension of globalization.
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Chapter 12: Comparative Labor Relations
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Sample Questions
Q1) Centralized collective bargaining in Germany is combined with an institutionalized system of employee voice in the workplace known as _______________________________ that entitles employees to participate in decision making.
Q2) Which of the following countries has the lowest union density rate:
A)United Kingdom
B)United States
C)Canada
D)Sweden
Q3) How has globalization affected the Australian labor relations system? How have unions responded to the threats posed by globalization?
Q4) In Canada,strike replacements are often not considered part of the bargaining unit and are not,therefore,entitled to vote on union matters.
A)True
B)False
Q5) The main feature of labor relations in Australia is a centralized _______________________________ system in which federal or state arbitration commissions issue settlements that define minimum standards for pay and working conditions.
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Chapter 13: What Should Labor Relations Do?
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Sample Questions
Q1) It is essential for the NLRA to be modified to allow employees who support a union but do not constitute a majority to be represented by a union.
A)True
B)False
Q2) In the view of some,the deeply rooted adversarialism built into U.S.labor relations suggests the only path to improving the NLRA is to completely _______________________________ the system.
Q3) Explain the concept of solidarity unionism and describe how this approach might be used to increase labor's bargaining power and protect union rights.
Q4) The associational unionism model is based on a model of exclusive representation. A)True
B)False
Q5) _______________________________ unionism attempts to blend the services of professional associations with the power of a union.
Q6) A theory of corporate governance model that argues business must be held accountable to more than just shareholders is known as the _______________________________ theory.
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