Labor Relations Exam Bank - 534 Verified Questions
Labor Relations Exam Bank
Course Introduction
Labor Relations explores the dynamic relationship between employees, employers, and labor unions within the workplace. The course examines the historical development of labor movements, collective bargaining processes, labor law, workplace conflict resolution, and the impact of globalization on labor relations. Through analysis of real-world case studies and the examination of key legislation, students will develop a comprehensive understanding of strategies for negotiation, dispute settlement, and fostering cooperative labor-management relationships in diverse organizational settings.
Chapter 1: Introduction to the Study of Diversity in Organizations
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Q1) According to Cox and Blake, valuing diversity can benefit organizations in which of the following areas?
A) Cost, resource acquisition, marketing, creativity, problem solving, and system flexibility.
B) Cost, financial remuneration, accounting, creativity, problem configuration, and system flexibility.
C) Organizational commitment, marketing, accounting, creativity, problem configuration, and financial stability.
D) Organizational commitment, advertising, creativity, problem configuration, and financial stability.
Answer: A
Q2) Individual benefits of working and learning in diverse environments (that have impacted positively on group dynamics) that have been documented by researchers include
A) being able to take the perspective of others.
B) higher grades for students.
C) seeing diversity as being divisive, but beneficial nonetheless.
D) greater attachment to members of one's own groups.
Answer: A
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Chapter 2: Theories and Thinking About Diversity
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Q1) Hostile sexism is an antipathy toward women based on negative stereotypes.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) The fundamental attribution error
A) advantages non-dominant group members while disadvantaging dominant group members.
B) is the tendency to underestimate the influence of external factors and overestimate the influence of internal factors when evaluating behaviors of others.
C) is the tendency to underestimate the influence of internal factors and overestimate the influence of external factors when evaluating behaviors of oneself.
D) only happens when dominant group members evaluate the behavior of out-group members.
Answer: B
Q3) Stereotyping is often an unconscious process.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Chapter 3: Legislation
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Q1) Non-marital partners parenting their partners' children are not currently covered under the FMLA.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) To be covered by the Americans with Disabilities Act, a person must be qualified to perform the essential job functions, with or without reasonable accommodation.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) When no Federal acts prohibit discrimination, state, local, and city ordinances may do so.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q4) Of all the sexual harassment claims filed with the EEOC, 84% are filed by women.
A)True
B)False Answer: True
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Chapter 4: Blacksafrican Americans
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Q1) As Whites are more likely to be managers than Blacks, the similarity effect tends to advantage White employees.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The Black population is about
A) 30% of the U.S. population
B) 25% of the U.S. population
C) 20.5% of the U.S. population
D) 13.5% of the U.S. population
Q3) On some military bases in the South, Black soldiers had to drink from separate water fountains for "colored" people while White soldiers and German prisoners of war drank from the fountains for Whites.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Underemployment can affect the quality of a person's future employment.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Underemployment refers to when very few minorities are able to find a job.
A)True
B)False
6
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Chapter 5: Latinoshispanics
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Q1) For those with a high school diploma, the mean earnings of Hispanic men are lower than those of other men with the exception of Black men.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Repatriation of people of Mexican descent between 1929 and 1939
A) included only those living in the U.S. illegally.
B) was part of an effort to free up jobs during the Depression era.
C) was strictly voluntary.
D) provided those being repatriated sufficient time to prepare.
Q3) Which of the following is not true of bilingualism?
A) Organizations should provide incentives and opportunities for managers to learn Spanish.
B) Being bilingual may be a job-related compensable skill.
C) High turnover in certain industries makes having managers who speak Spanish more effective than ESL classes.
D) Training managers to speak Spanish is expensive and counter-productive for employers.
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Chapter 6: Asians and Asian Americans
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Q1) Immigration laws that affected Asians
A) included the Chinese Inclusion Act.
B) historically preferred Asians because of their strong work ethic and high education levels.
C) restricted immigration of minorities from other ethnic groups while allowing for immigration of Asians.
D) included a restriction that allowed 105 Chinese to enter the U.S. per year.
Q2) Asian Americans' employment experiences
A) almost always result in access and favorable treatment.
B) has thus far avoided an encounter with the glass ceiling.
C) include being steered to jobs deemed inappropriate for them.
D) are sometimes shaped by stereotypes and media representations.
Q3) A 1922 court ruled that Asian Indians were Caucasian but were not White.
A)True
B)False
Q4) "Positive" stereotypes of Asian Americans may contribute to their overrepresentation in higher-level organizational positions.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 7: Whiteseuropean Americans
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Q1) The population of Whites in the U.S. is slowly increasing after a period of stagnation.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Along with other groups, Whites should view diversity as a potential source of competitive advantage.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Albert Einstein
A) encouraged discrimination against immigrants of color.
B) perceived the treatment of Blacks in the U.S. as mocking the principle that "all men are created equal."
C) is well known for his passionate resistance to racism.
D) felt that resistance to racism impedes further evolution of the human race.
Q4) Prior to the 1850 census, categories included "free Whites."
A)True
B)False
Q5) The population growth rate for non-Hispanic Whites is lower than that of Asians. A)True
B)False
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Chapter 8: American Indians, Alaska Natives, and
Multiracial Group Members
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Q1) Which of the following is true of American Indians as sports symbols?
A) The NCAA (National Collegiate Athletic Association) refused to penalize universities that continued to use them.
B) Some Indian tribes supported universities' use of the sports symbols.
C) The Civil Rights Commission has argued that the use of American Indians as sports symbols does not prevent people from learning about real American Indians and their culture.
D) American Indians tend to be proud that they are sports symbols.
Q2) Until 1924, American Indians born in the U.S. were not U.S. citizens.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The majority of American Indians live on reservations.
A)True
B)False
Q4) A culture of nondiscrimination
A) can help avoid inadvertent discrimination.
B) is of no value to those who are invisibly multi-racial.
C) groups those who are multi-racial into only one group.
D) requires that people not define their own group membership.
Page 10
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Chapter 9: Sex and Gender
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Q1) Which of the following is true of the Equal Pay Act of 1963?
A) The Equal Pay Act has been successful in reducing wage differences between Whites and minorities.
B) The Equal Pay Act has been replaced by the Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act.
C) The success of the Equal Pay Act has been limited by sex segregation.
D) The Equal Pay Act has reduced the male/female wage gap to about 10%.
Q2) After 12 years of working in a female-dominated position, 44% of White men will have been promoted into management.
A)True
B)False
Q3) During a conversation about a promotion, Tom's supervisor, Mary, tells him that if he will meet her at a motel nearby for a sexual liaison, he will get the bonus he has been waiting for. Which of the following best describes this situation?
A) A hostile work environment.
B) Employee favoritism.
C) Probably a harmless joke, since women rarely perpetrate harassment.
D) Quid pro quo sexual harassment.
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Chapter 10: Work and Family
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Q1) Men who become fathers increase their time at work.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Grandparents caring for their grandchildren experience work and family concerns that may be more difficult than those experienced by parents.
A)True
B)False
Q3) When considering the need to take unpaid family leave for a heterosexual couple, gender differences in earnings may result in the woman taking the leave.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The proportion of the family income contributed by wives is directly related to the amount of housework performed by husbands.
A)True
B)False
Q5) About half of employees are not covered by the FMLA.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 11: Sexual Orientation
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Q1) The "don't ask, don't tell" policy of the U.S. military was passed as a compromise when resistance mounted to President Clinton's initial plans to repeal the ban on gays in the military.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Gender identity refers to a person's internal sense of gender, but not how a person behaves or appears with regard to societal expectations of that person.
A)True
B)False
Q3) When domestic partner benefits are offered
A) large numbers of gay and lesbian employees enroll their partners. B) organizations experience disproportionately higher costs.
C) costs are generally consistent with any increase in the number of plan participants. D) similar benefits must be offered to international partners as well regardless of their sexual orientation.
Q4) Skin color is obvious but sexual orientation is invisible.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 12: Religion
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Q1) Reasonable accommodation(s)
A) should generally be made to accommodate the normal religious services of employees.
B) are those that cost under $1,500.
C) are mandatory, even if there is undue hardship.
D) should be made for all disabled persons, regardless of qualifications.
E) None of the above.
Q2) American Jews
A) all share the same religious, ethnic, and cultural identities.
B) because they are readily identifiable, were easily discriminated against in the past.
C) have no members who are also Hispanic.
D) at one time were considered a separate race in the U.S.
Q3) Organizations should scrutinize their appearance requirements to determine if they may result in religious discrimination.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Women clergy experience a "frosted glass ceiling" in religious organizations.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 13: Age
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Q1) When age is a bona fide occupational qualification,
A) employers may set minimum ages for hiring.
B) employers can require all employees be in the same age range.
C) employers can force retirement on employees by age 50.
D) employers may legally discharge, force retirement on, or fail to hire certain selected types of employees.
Q2) The EEOC has no initiatives regarding youth at work.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The term "prime age" refers to:
A) the age range of the most preferred employees, 25 to 35.
B) the time at which older workers reach their prime, 45-50.
C) the age at which people reach their prime, 18 to 25.
D) the period (age) of the prime interest rate charged by lenders.
Q4) For the first time in history, there are three generations in the workforce.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Older workers have lower performance than younger workers.
A)True
B)False
Page 15
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Chapter 14: Physical and Mental Ability
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Q1) As the U.S. population ages, the proportion of people with a disability in the population is likely to grow.
A)True
B)False
Q2) People with work disabilities who have a college degree earn about 50% less than people without work disabilities who have a college degree.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Many disabilities have no effect on job performance.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The proportion of people in the U.S. with a disability is:
A) about 5%.
B) about 10%.
C) about 20%
D) about 30%
Q5) Having a disability is a strong predictor of unemployment.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 15: Weight and Appearance
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Q1) Abercrombie and Fitch has had multiple diversity concerns including
A) selling merchandise that perpetuated stereotypes about Hispanics.
B) favoring Filipinos in hiring practices.
C) using race-coded job channeling.
D) targeting the obese by employing only those who are obese.
Q2) People are most likely to negatively view ______ as being a condition that could be controlled but is not due to lack of self-discipline.
A) visual impairment
B) hearing loss
C) weight
D) speech impairment
Q3) Thin people may be in worse health than fat people.
A)True
B)False
Q4) In research, physical attractiveness was found to be positively related to hiring, performance evaluations, and promotion for women, but not men.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 16: International Diversity and Facing the Future
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Q1) Because managers at all levels affect diversity issues, top managers, who are removed from the day-to-day activities, are not integral to the success of diversity measures.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Eradicating discrimination would benefit individuals, organizations, the economy, and society.
A)True
B)False
Q3) When viewed as issues of power, dominance, discrimination, and control of resources, diversity is clearly an international issue.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Differences in education, workforce participation, and employment levels vary too much in different locations to be helpful in identifying non-dominant groups in a particular country or location.
A)True
B)False
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