Juvenile Justice
Final Exam Questions
Course Introduction
This course explores the juvenile justice system in the United States, focusing on its historical development, philosophical foundations, and contemporary practices. Students will examine the processes by which juveniles are identified, processed, and rehabilitated within the legal system, as well as the roles of key actors such as law enforcement, courts, correctional agencies, and community resources. Topics include the causes of juvenile delinquency, intervention and prevention strategies, due process rights for minors, and the impact of social, economic, and cultural factors on youth offending. The course also addresses current debates and reforms in juvenile justice policy and practice.
Recommended Textbook Criminal Justice 5th Edition by Jay
S. Albanese
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15 Chapters
836 Verified Questions
836 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: Perspectives on Criminal Justice
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Sample Questions
Q1) Seeking justice through lawless violence is called __________.
Answer: vigilantism
Q2) The jurisdiction of courts that have narrow legal authority over specific types of matters (e.g.surrogate court,tax court)is called __________.
A)crime control model
B)due process model
C)limited jurisdiction
D)general jurisdiction
Answer: C
Q3) 'Felonies' are less serious crimes that are punishable by imprisonment for one year or less.
A)True
B)False Answer: False
Q4) The term 'appellate jurisdiction' refers to the jurisdiction of courts that review specific legal issues raised in trial courts.
A)True
B)False Answer: True
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Chapter 2: Defining and Analyzing Crime
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64 Verified Questions
64 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Mala in se offenses are acts that are considered undesirable although not inherently evil (e.g. ,drug use).
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) When does deviant behavior become criminal behavior?
Answer: -Deviance becomes crime when laws are passed or courts apply existing laws that make a social norm into a legal norm by allowing the government to sanction the behavior.
Q3) __________ involve an examination of offender backgrounds (e.g. ,physical and social characteristics,prior history,and method of conduct)to look for common patterns.
A)Offender profiles
B)Victim profiles
C)Crime scene profiles
D)Criminal subcultures
Answer: A
Q4) The term __________ refers to physical assaults between current or former spouses,boyfriends,or girlfriends.
Answer: intimate partner violence ('domestic violence' may also be used)
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Chapter 3: Criminal Law and the Criminal Justice Process
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64 Verified Questions
64 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) 'Procedural law' is a law defining the specific behaviors prohibited under the criminal law.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) The criminal (penal)code is a compilation of all the criminal laws of a jurisdiction.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) 'Actual possession' refers to a condition in which a person has the opportunity to exercise control over and object.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q4) ___________ refers to a condition in which a person has exclusive control over an object.
Answer: Actual possession
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5
Chapter 4: Origins and Organization of Law Enforcement
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53 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) __________ involves law enforcement agencies that protect private property and are paid by private individuals and corporations.
A)Secret safety
B)Private security
C)Confidential protection
D)Classified refuge
Q2) Organizations/groups focused on the improved operation of the criminal justice system as the best way to reduce crime are called __________.
A)crime commissions
B)progressivism
C)professionalization
D)federal law enforcement
Q3) The first organized police department in London,established in 1829,was called 'preventive police'.The popular English name for police officers,"bobbies," comes from Sir Robert Peel,a founder of the Metropolitan Police.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 5: Criminal Procedure and the Police
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Sample Questions
Q1) The case that established the authority of police to conduct a warrantless search in a lawful arrest was __________.Police officers went to the defendant's home with a warrant to arrest him for the burglary of a coin shop.The defendant was not home,but his wife allowed the police to enter and wait for his return.When the defendant arrived,the police showed him the warrant,placing him under arrest,and proceeded to search the house.They found the coins that he was suspected of stealing and used them as evidence to convict him of burglary.On appeal,the U.S.Supreme Court overturned the conviction on the ground that the search of the defendant's entire house was unreasonable under the Fourth Amendment.
A)Coolidge v.New Hampshire
B)Terry v.Ohio
C)Bond v.United States
D)Chimel v.California
Q2) To ensure protection against self-incrimination,suspects taken into custody must be read the Miranda warning,which states that the suspect has the right to remain silent and to have an attorney present during questioning.
A)True
B)False
Q3) What protections are provided by the Fourth Amendment to the Constitution?
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Chapter 6: Issues in Law Enforcement and Police Behavior
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Sample Questions
Q1) The view that holds that police officers learn their attitudes and values from socializing experiences such as education and experience on the job is called the
Q2) The term 'anomie' refers to a belief that human conduct is motivated entirely by self-interest.A person with this type of belief attributes all actions to selfish motives and has a pessimistic outlook on human behavior.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The __________ is the view that holds that police officers learn their attitudes and values from socializing experiences such as education and experience on the job.
A)socialization model
B)predispositional model
C)deviant police subculture hypothesis
D)'fleeing felon' rule
Q4) A form of police corruption involving failure to perform a legal duty in a proper manner is called 'malfeasance'.
A)True
B)False
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8
Chapter 7: Origins and Organization of the Courts
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55 Verified Questions
55 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) 'Mental health courts' are courts that divert misdemeanor or non-violent felony offenders with mental illness to treatment programs and court supervision.
A)True
B)False
Q2) __________ provide a protection of clients by examining the evidence used to establish probable cause and questioning whether the evidence proves guilt beyond a reasonable doubt.This role sometimes brings them into conflict with police and prosecutors,and with victims and witnesses who may believe they are being "attacked" by them.
A)defense attorneys
B)judges
C)juries
D)court officers
Q3) What are the four types of cases in which the U.S.Supreme Court must render an opinion?
Q4) __________ is the study of crime victimization,as well as the interactions between victims and the criminal justice system
Q5) What are the differences between 'limited' and 'general' jurisdictions? Please explain.
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Chapter 8: Trial Defense and Prosecution
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Sample Questions
Q1) A __________ studies and reports on criminal evidence used in adjudication (DNA,drugs,blood,hair,fingerprints,fibers,documents,residue from bullets and explosives).
A)legal assistant
B)victim and witness assistant
C)forensic scientist
D)defense attorney
Q2) A __________ represents accused persons in court proceedings.
A)legal assistant
B)victim and witness assistant
C)forensic scientist
D)defense attorney
Q3) Overall spending is much higher for prosecutors' offices than for public defenders' offices,and it is likely that expenditures per case (on investigations,witness interviews,expert opinions,and legal research)are also significantly higher.
A)True
B)False
Q4) ___________ are laws under which conviction for a third felony results in an extended sentence,up to life imprisonment.
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Chapter 9: Trials and Sentencing
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Sample Questions
Q1) One cause of delays in the adjudication procedure is a process called __________,which entitles a suspect to see certain information gathered by the prosecutor.
Q2) The __________ is designed to help the judge decide on an appropriate sentence within the limits established by law.This report is written by a probation officer after an investigation of the offender's background.
A)police report
B)presentence investigation report
C)victim impact statement
D)Uniform Crime Report
Q3) A sentencing system that permits judges to impose fixed sentences that cannot be altered by a parole board is called __________.
A)suspended sentence
B)indeterminate sentencing
C)determinate sentencing
D)truth in sentencing
Q4) Many states have __________ laws based on the notion of incapacitation.These laws can be applied to certain offenders who have committed two or more offenses within a certain period (usually ten years).
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Chapter 10: Origins and Organization of Jails and Prisons
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54 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Prisons that house dangerous felons and that usually have a wall surrounding the entire facility are at the ___________ level.
A)maximum security
B)medium security
C)minimum security
D)supermaximum security
Q2) The __________ is a prison management approach that gives inmates more autonomy;staff guides prisoners' decision making rather than making all decisions for them.
A)control model
B)responsibility model
C)consensual model
D)therapeutic community model
Q3) The responsibility model is a prison management approach that maintains order by agreement between inmates and staff on the validity of rules.
A)True
B)False
Q4) __________ security prisons house dangerous felons and that usually have a wall surrounding the entire facility.
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Chapter 11: Probation, Community Corrections, and Reentry
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Sample Questions
Q1) ____________ refers to the prisoner release decided by a parole board consisting of corrections officials and/or political appointees who evaluate the inmate's record and his or her behavior in prison to determine whether the inmate will be released to serve the remainder of the sentence under community supervision.
A)Parole release
B)Work release
C)Study release
D)Home release
Q2) __________ refers to a program that permits eligible inmates to work during the day at regular jobs in the outside world,returning to the jail or prison at night.
A)Parole release
B)Work release
C)Study release
D)Home release
Q3) How might offenders who are not released by the parole board be granted supervised mandatory release?
Q4) How may house arrest be effective? Please explain.
Q5) __________ are residential centers for ex-offenders in the community.
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Chapter 12: Justice and Punishment in the Twenty-First Century
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Sample Questions
Q1) Closely monitoring offenders electronically without locking them up,pharmacological treatments,and genetic risk assessments are examples of what has been called virtual prison-the use of technology to monitor offenders and prevent future crimes.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Male inmates adapt to inmate life using different types of coping mechanisms or role orientations.What are these coping mechanisms/role orientations? Please describe and explain.
Q3) Prisons are a "society within a society," which operates under an informally negotiated set of informal rules enforced by both corrections officers and the inmates themselves.
A)True
B)False
Q4) According to your textbook author,half of offenders in prisons were/are identified as
Q5) Closely monitoring offenders electronically without locking them up,pharmacological treatments,and genetic risk assessments are examples of what has been called __________-the use of technology to monitor offenders and prevent future crimes.
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Chapter 13: Crime and Justice in the Twenty-First Century:
White-Collar Crime, Organized Crime, and Terrorism
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Sample Questions
Q1) There are national databases of terrorism incidents,and research has shown that terrorist incidents over time remain a focus in specific locations.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Organized crime that takes place across two or more countries is/are called __________.
A)corporate crimes
B)computer crime
C)organized crime
D)transnational crime
Q3) Purposely obtaining property from another person without consent through wrongful use of force or fear or under the guise of official authority is called __________.
A)conspiracy
B)embezzlement
C)extortion
D)obstruction of justice
Q4) Crimes of __________ have money as their object and include embezzlement,extortion,forgery,and fraud.
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Chapter 14: Juvenile Justice
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Sample Questions
Q1) In order to reduce the number of such serious delinquents as these,action must be taken to address the conditions in which they live.These juveniles have problems that began long before their delinquency that involved __________.
A)bad family situations
B)school problems
C)drug problems
D)All of the above
Q2) The view that juvenile law violations are a sign that parents cannot or will not take care of their child adequately and that it is up to the state to step in and act in his or her best interests,thus preventing future misbehavior is called __________.
A)mens rea
B)parens patriae
C)actus reus
D)in loco parentis
Q3) A __________ long-term non-secure setting for adjudicated juveniles.
Q4) A __________ is a short-term facility that screens sentenced juveniles for assignment to an appropriate level of custody.
Q5) A _________ is a secure facility for adjudicated juveniles.
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Chapter 15: Comparative Criminal Justice
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Sample Questions
Q1) Although there are international differences in the punishment of criminals,basic standards of treatment should apply everywhere.These have been codified by the United Nations in the Standard Minimum Rules for the Treatment of Prisoners.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The transnational infiltration of legitimate business or government involves organized attempts to conduct an ongoing criminal enterprise and protect it through a series of crimes that include extortion,money laundering,and corruption.
A)True
B)False
Q3) __________ refers to a normlessness or lack of attachment felt by some people toward their society.
Q4) Why do you think that there is no proposal for a 'world prison' similar to the proposed world court?
Q5) A major problem in comparing crime rates in different nations is the way crimes are counted.
A)True
B)False
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