Juvenile Delinquency Test Questions
Course Introduction
This course explores the complex phenomenon of juvenile delinquency, examining its causes, consequences, and the various social, psychological, and environmental factors that contribute to youth offending. Students will analyze theoretical perspectives on delinquency, the role of families, schools, and communities, as well as the impact of peer groups and media. The course also covers the juvenile justice system, its policies, intervention strategies, prevention programs, and contemporary debates on how to address and reduce delinquent behavior among young people. Throughout, students will engage with case studies and current research to better understand the challenges and solutions related to juvenile delinquency.
Recommended Textbook
Criminal Behavior A Psychological Approach 11th Edition Curt R. Bartol
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16 Chapters
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Chapter 1: Introduction to Criminal Behavior
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Q1) Which psychologist would most likely have prescription privileges?
A) A psychologist working on a college campus in New York
B) A psychologist working in mental health hospital in Virginia
C) A psychologist working in a prison in California
D) A psychologist working on a military base in Florida
Answer: D
Q2) After hearing that her neighbors' home was burglarized,Dee told her co-worker that her neighbors were asking for the burglary because they never locked their doors and didn't have a security system.Dee's statements reflect the
A) fairness doctrine.
B) self-fulfilling prophecy.
C) cognition distortion.
D) just-world hypothesis.
Answer: D
Q3) The text primarily focuses on mentally disordered offenders.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q4) Strain theory originated in the work of sociologist ________.
Answer: Robert K.Merton
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Chapter 2: Origins of Criminal Behavior: Developmental Risk Factors
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Q1) Define conduct disorder,ADHD and oppositional defiant disorder.What are the similarities and differences? Why are the three often used interchangeably in the school system?
Answer: Conduct disorder represents a cluster of behaviors characterized by persistent misbehavior,including bullying,fighting,using or threatening weapon use on others,physical cruelty to people and animals,destruction of property,chronic deceitfulness,sexual assaults,and serious violations of rules. ADHD is the leading diagnosis for American children and includes (1)inattention (does not seem to listen,or is easily distracted); (2)impulsivity (acts before thinking,shifts quickly from one activity to another); and (3)excessive motor activity (cannot sit still,fidgets,runs about,is talkative and noisy).
Oppositional defiant disorder represents problems in self-control of emotions and behaviors.Children and adolescents with ODD display a persistent pattern of angry outbursts,arguments,vindictiveness,resentment,and disobedience.
Q2) The use of ________ in the form of private and self-directed speech helps children develop and maintain self-control and self-regulation. Answer: language
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Chapter 3: Origins of Criminal Behavior: Biological Factors
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Sample Questions
Q1) Two strong indicators of temperament are
A) language and eating patterns.
B) eye contact and intelligence.
C) extraversion and introversion.
D) emotionality and activity.
Answer: D
Q2) All of the following processes are considered executive functions except A) logic.
B) reasoning.
C) fidgeting.
D) problem solving.
Answer: C
Q3) Which neurotoxin is also an essential trace element?
A) Lead
B) Manganese
C) Selenium
D) Mercury
Answer: B
Q4) The principal target of manganese is the ________ system.
Answer: nervous
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Chapter 4: Origins of Criminal Behavior: Learning and Situational
Factors
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Q1) The belief that all behavior is at the mercy of stimuli in the environment is called A) the ecological fallacy.
B) situationism.
C) fundamental attribution error. D) empiricism.
Q2) Frustration-induced criminality posits that when behavior directed at a specific goal is ________,arousal increases,and the individual experiences a drive to reduce it.
Q3) In order to understand criminal behavior in some depth,it is crucial that we regard all individuals-whether or not they violate the rules of society-as ________ problem solvers who perceive,process,interpret,and respond uniquely to their environments.
Q4) According to the frustration-induced theory of criminality,individuals who commit larceny during riots are motivated by revenge.
A)True B)False
Q5) B.F.Skinner is considered the father of behaviorism.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 5: Human Aggression and Violence
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Q1) Hostile aggression
A)Behavior perpetrated or attempted with the intention of harming one or more individuals physically or psychologically (as opposed to socially) or to destroy an object
B)Unprovoked, goal-directed behavior driven by expectations of rewards
C)Destructive physical aggression intentionally directed at harming other persons or things
D)Aggression that occurs in response to anger-inducing conditions
E)A reaction to frustration associated with a lack of control due to high states of arousal
F)The tendency to attack space violators
G)The presence of aggressive stimuli in the external environment increases the probability of aggressive responses
H)The assumption that physiological arousal, however produced, dissipates slowly over time
I)Posits that violence often occurs because of an escalation cycle, which begins with an initial triggering event that may be serious or relatively benign
J)The tendency to model or copy an activity portrayed in the entertainment or news media
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Chapter 6: Juvenile Delinquincy
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Q1) In studies examining gender differences and juvenile crime,recent research has shown that the gender gap for drug and violent offenses is getting smaller.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Which statement is most accurate about juvenile crime?
A) Juvenile crime has generally decreased since the mid 1990s.
B) The juvenile crime rate has been steadily increasing since 1990.
C) Compared to adults, juveniles are responsible for disproportionately higher number of violent crimes.
D) Juveniles are more likely to be perpetrators rather than victims of violent crime.
Q3) Steinberg's dual systems model of risk-taking is based on evidence from the field of A) forensic science.
B) entomology.
C) sociology.
D) neuroscience.
Q4) Compare and contrast Moffitt's Developmental Theory with Patterson's Coercion Theory.
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Chapter 7: Criminal Psychopathy
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Q1) Recent research clearly indicates that psychopathy is not a category but exists on a(n)________.
Q2) Why is it so difficult to properly evaluate the effectiveness of programs designed to treat psychopaths?
A) Because they do not habituate to stimuli easily.
B) Because they are skilled at manipulation.
C) Because they rarely comply with treatment.
D) Because they have difficulty adjusting to new situations.
Q3) It is usually difficult to evaluate properly the effectiveness of programs designed to treat criminal psychopaths because of their ability to ________ the system.
Q4) Secondary psychopaths are more likely to be found in a maximum security prison. A)True
B)False
Q5) Robert Hare's research studies have found that criminal psychopaths appear to be deficient in
A) linguistic processing.
B) common sense.
C) intelligence.
D) logic.
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Chapter 8: Crime and Mental Disorders
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Q1) There is evidence that men who have both schizophrenia and ________ are at an increased risk of violent offending.
A) substance abuse
B) delusional disorder
C) affective psychosis
D) depression
Q2) Which well-known individual was found not guilty by reason of insanity?
A) Ted Bundy
B) Kenneth Bianchi
C) Bonnie Elizabeth Parker
D) Andrea Yates
Q3) Which of the following statements is most accurate?
A) Most criminals are mentally ill.
B) Most criminals have a mental disorder.
C) Most mentally disordered individuals are not violent.
D) Most murderers cannot help themselves because of mental illness.
Q4) Compare and contrast actuarial measures and clinical measures of risk assessment.
Q5) Mental illness is manifested in behavior that ________ notably from normal conduct.
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Chapter 9: Homicide, Assault, and Family Violence
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Q1) Infanticide refers to the killing of an infant.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Much of the data on runaway,abducted,or thrownaway youth are reported in A) Uniform Crime Reports
B) MAPS
C) Child Abuse: Taking a Stand
D) NISMART
Q3) Families that are characterized by continuous cycles of physical aggression and violence inside the family are called
A) multiassaultive.
B) genetically imbalanced.
C) multiaggressive.
D) maladaptively violent.
Q4) In family violence,the term "battering" is generally reserved for
A) heterosexual physical violence.
B) psychological abuse.
C) emotional abuse.
D) physical violence.
Q5) The primary perpetrators of elder abuse are ________ members.
Page 11
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Chapter 10: Multiple Murder, School, and Workplace
Violence
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Q1) The primary difference between what qualifies as serial murders and what qualifies as mass murders is
A) premeditation.
B) the selection of victims.
C) a cooling-off period.
D) the number of victims.
Q2) Of the forms of profiling discussed in the chapter,which would insurance companies be interested in? Explain the reasons for this interest.
Q3) According to La Fon (2002),the two basic types of psychological autopsies are
A) suicide and equivocal death.
B) empirical and anecdotal.
C) compensatory and reconstructive.
D) testimonial and random.
Q4) A serial violent offender who does not specifically search for victims is using which one of Rossmo's four hunting patterns?
A) Poacher
B) Scavenger
C) Hunter
D) Troller
12
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Chapter 11: Psychology of Terrorism
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Q1) Al-Qaeda would be considered a cohesive group with loyal members.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The textbook states that domestic terrorism
A) does not exist.
B) is more violent than international terrorism.
C) can be understood in much the same way as international terrorism.
D) involves radically different psychological principles than international terrorism.
Q3) The tendency of a group to develop beliefs and make decisions that are more extreme than the initial inclination of its members is called
A) risky shift.
B) group persuasion.
C) extreme terrorism.
D) group think.
Q4) Research shows that an aggressive military approach is the most effective method of ending international terrorism.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 12: Sexual Assault
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Q1) There is a direct causal relationship between pornography and sexual aggression.
A)True
B)False
Q2) In the revised definition of rape,force is presumed.Most adolescent sex offenders have a diagnosed mental disorder.
A)True
B)False
Q3) According to the text,although myths about rape are changing,college students continue to hold myths about ________ rape.
A) acquaintance
B) marital
C) homosexual
D) statutory
Q4) Many studies conclude that the majority of those who do reoffend sexually do not restrict their criminal activities only to sexual offenses,a concept known as ________ criminality.
Q5) Most of those who rape adults are intimate partners and not strangers.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 13: Sexual Assault of Children and Youth
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Q1) In the UCR summary report statistics (SRS),rape of children is now included under ________ data.
Q2) The term pedophilia is derived from the A) Spanish word for children.
B) Latin word for love of feet.
C) Greek word for child lover.
D) French word for paraphilia.
Q3) The producers of child pornography often have A) a history of substance abuse.
B) legitimate access to the child.
C) inadequate communication skills.
D) poor relationships with family members.
Q4) Given the information provided in the chapter,describe a program that you believe would reduce recidivism rates for juvenile child sex offenders.Which factors would you target?
Q5) The MTC:CM3 has four categories and twelve subcategories. A)True B)False
Q6) Adult CSOs most frequently use a ________ setting to commit their sexual abuse.
Q7) Most chronic criminal offenders are ________ rather than specialists.
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Chapter 14: Burglary, Home Invasions, Thefts, and White
Collar Offenses
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Q1) Research suggests that the majority of burglary victims report minimal psychological effects of the crime.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Which one of the following offenses would not be considered larceny?
A) Shoplifting
B) Home invasion
C) Pickpocketing
D) Purse snatching
Q3) Describe how dehumanization makes victimization easier for identity thieves to commit their crimes.
Q4) Burglaries are most likely to involve
A) private residences.
B) warehouses and storage facilities.
C) convenience and liquor stores.
D) fast food restaurants.
Q5) Of all property crimes,burglary probably offers the greatest probability of success with the least amount of risk.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 15: Violent Economic Crime, Cybercrime, and
Crimes of Intimidation
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Q1) The most frequent and identifiable motive for arson is financial gain.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Some people who cyberstalk or cyberbully may be more inclined to act in a deviant manner because of the ________ that the Internet provides.
Q3) In hostage-taking situations,those hostages who,after release,have considerable difficulty dealing with the after-effects of the incident are called A) survivors.
B) pseudo-victims.
C) masked depressed survivors.
D) succumbers.
Q4) The backgrounds of persistent firesetters reveal that they were often A) the target of punishment where fire was used as the painful stimulus.
B) from families with alcoholic parents.
C) sexually abused.
D) the youngest child in a family of at least four children.
Q5) Cybercrime refers to any illegal act that involves a(n)________ system.
Page 17
Q6) The UCR considers arson a ________ crime.
Q7) Less than 10 percent of fires set by ________ is reported.
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Chapter 16: Substance Abuse, Alcohol, and Crime
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Q1) Following a "run" of speed,the person often feels
A) violent.
B) deeply depressed.
C) hyperactive.
D) uncharacteristically paranoid.
Q2) A volatile drug that has effects that are highly similar to alcohol intoxication,including slurred speech,loss of motor coordination,distortion in perceptions,headache,vomiting,or nausea is probably
A) marijuana.
B) crack.
C) an inhalant.
D) cocaine.
Q3) Which of the following effects is produced by narcotics?
A) Hyperactivity
B) Sleepiness
C) Restlessness
D) Elation
Q4) The early onset of drug and alcohol use is an important ________ factor for predicting future substance abuse.
Q5) Opiate narcotics generally have ________ and analgesic effects.
Page 18
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