Introduction to World Civilizations Exam
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Course Introduction
Introduction to World Civilizations explores the development of human societies from ancient times to the modern era, examining the political, economic, social, and cultural forces that have shaped civilizations across Africa, Asia, the Americas, Europe, and Oceania. Students will analyze the emergence and interaction of major world religions, empires, and trade networks, and consider the impact of technological advancements, migrations, and cross-cultural exchanges. The course emphasizes global perspectives and encourages critical thinking about the interconnectedness and diversity of past human experiences.
Recommended Textbook
Heritage of World Civilizations The Combined Volume 10th Edition by Albert M. Craig
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Page 2
Chapter 1: The Birth of Civilization
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Q1) Mesoamerica is located
A)in modern Peru and parts of eastern South America.
B)in modern Mexico and parts of Central America.
C)in the modern United States between California and the Mississippi River.
D)in modern Brazil near the Amazon River Basin.
Answer: B
Q2) The Old Kingdom of Egypt collapsed amidst
A)the invasion of the Hyksos from Western Asia.
B)internal turmoil and political decentralization.
C)the Exodus of Hebrew slaves.
D)attacks by Nubian nomads who destroyed irrigation canals.
Answer: B
Q3) How was the worship of the god Aten (sun disc) different from customary religious practice in ancient Egypt?
A)Aten was a universal creator God to be worshipped above all others.
B)Aten took the form of a circle,or disc.
C)Aten had a special relationship with the ruler Amunhotep IV and his wife Nefertiti.
D)All of these answers are correct.
Answer: D
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Page 3
Chapter 2: Four Great Revolutions in Thought and Religion
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Q1) According to Daoists, a good ruler should
A)work to ensure a good education for all citizens.
B)set an example by doing and saying as little as possible.
C)use military force to keep borders secure.
D)use philosophical thought to organize the state.
Answer: B
Q2) Socrates was sentenced to death by a jury of Athenian citizens mainly because he A)questioned traditional beliefs and urged people to live more moral lives.
B)betrayed Athens in the struggle against Sparta.
C)urged young men to adopt pacifism and renounce warfare.
D)criticized philosophy for not being able to solve human problems.
Answer: A
Q3) The statement From the unreal lead me to the Real. . . From death lead me to immortality is associated with what religious tradition?
A)Upanishadic
B)Christian
C)Buddhist
D)Israelite
Answer: A
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Page 4
Chapter 3: Greek and Hellenistic Civilization
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Q1) The major city-state that controlled the peninsula of Attica was A)Athens.
B)Sparta.
C)Corinth.
D)Argos.
Answer: A
Q2) According to Map 3-6, the Athenian Empire was divided into A)satrapies,clients,and occupied poleis.
B)city-states,empires,kingdoms.
C)independent cities paying tribute,occupied cities,Persian client states.
D)independent states,dependent states,allied states.
Answer: D
Q3) Solon, Pisistratus, and Clisthenes contributed to the development of Athenian government by
A)breaking down traditional allegiances.
B)establishing democratic institutions.
C)strengthening regional authority.
D)establishing a theoretical basis for monarchy.
Answer: A
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Page 5
Chapter 4: West Asia, Inner Asia, and South Asia to 1000 CE
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Q1) Kautilya is famous in Indian history as
A)the inventor of the Sanskrit alphabet.
B)the Buddhist tutor of the young prince Ashoka.
C)a cunning and ruthless political thinker who laid the basis of the Mauryan Empire.
D)the Zoroastrian monk who introduced the religion into southern India.
Q2) Discuss the major features of the Hindu and Buddhist traditions.What are the similarities between the two groups? Why did Buddhism spread to China and southeast Asia while Hinduism remained in India?
Q3) Describe the effect Hellenistic culture had on the Seleucid rule.How were their concepts different from those of Alexander the Great? What were the major contributions of the Greek world to the East,and what was the specific effect on Bactria?
Q4) A faith not spread along the silk route to central Asia was
A)Nestorian Christianity.
B)Zoroastrianism.
C)Manichaeism.
D)Mahayana Buddhism.
Q5) Compare and contrast the teachings of Zoroaster to those of Hinduism.
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Page 6
Chapter 5: Africa: Early History to 1000 CE
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Q1) During its high point, the Meroitic Empire prospered primarily due to its role as
A)tax collector for the New Kingdom pharaohs of Egypt.
B)middleman for African goods bound for the Mediterranean and Near East.
C)the main producer of maize in Africa.
D)All of these answers are correct.
Q2) The Kushite god Apedemak, whose importance is seen in the number of temples dedicated to him, was
A)Egyptian in origin.
B)a warrior god with an elephant's head.
C)worshipped,by the third century B.C.E.,to the exclusion of all other gods.
D)None of these answers are correct.
Q3) How did Aksum become a Christian community? Did this disrupt Aksumite trading relations with Byzantium? What long-range ramifications did a Christian community in Ethiopia have for the development of Islam?
Q4) Based on Map 5-2, the expansion of trade and technology
A)originated in the north and spread generally south.
B)originated in the south and spread generally north.
C)centered on the Kalahari desert as the hub for a vast network.
D)remained underdeveloped until European colonization.
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Chapter 6: Republican and Imperial Rome
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Q1) Marius,Sulla,Pompey,Caesar,and Augustus all tried to achieve and maintain more or less absolute power.But in the end,only Augustus was successful.How can the success of Augustus and the failure of the others be explained? What answers did Augustus provide for the problems which had plagued the republic?
Q2) Analyze the changes in Roman government from Augustus through the Julio-Claudian emperors of the first century C.E.What aspects of the Republic changed? What impact did these emperors have on the Roman world?
Q3) Based on Map 6-4, which of the following was <U>not</U> a major territory within the Roman Empire in 117 C.E.?
A)Greece
B)Gaul
C)Germania
D)Egypt
Q4) Caesar's reforms sought to
A)rationalize established procedures while strengthening his own authority.
B)undo the reforms of Sulla.
C)support his de facto position as "king of Rome".
D)better control the military forces.
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Page 8
Chapter 7: Chinas First Empire and Its Aftermath, 221
BCE-589 CE
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Q1) Wang Mang is important in early Chinese history because A)his career and policies reflect the decline of the Former Han Dynasty.
B)he established the first Buddhist monasteries in China.
C)he defeated the Xiong-Nu once and for all.
D)he led the successful peasant rebellion that overthrew the Han Dynasty.
Q2) Many Chinese believed that Laozi had brought Buddhism to India because A)the Buddha had been a disciple of Laozi's.
B)Buddhism and Daoism had significant similarities.
C)Buddhism had originated in China.
D)Buddhism was inferior to Daoism.
Q3) Which of the following was NOT among the economic policies initiated by Emperor Wudi?
A)"ever level" granaries
B)taxes levied on merchants
C)taxes levied on government officials
D)debasement of the currency
Q4) Why did the Later Han Dynasty succeed where the Former Han had failed? What geographic areas were involved in the new empires? Where was most of the opposition to this control?
Page 9
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Chapter 8: Imperial China,589-1368
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Q1) The reason that the Sui dynasty is often compared with the Qin is because both were A)ruled according to Confucian philosophy.
B)able to bring China under a single government after centuries of disunity.
C)founded by Mongol-speaking peoples.
D)supporters of Buddhism.
Q2) Why was Empress Wu (625706)successful in obtaining control in the Tang period How did her role affect Chinese history? Did her influence enhance or detract from the prestige of the Tang Empire?
Q3) The Tang dynastys reaction to Korean resistance to their rule can best be described as
A)the launching of a series of wars with no clear outcome.
B)a move to contain Korean aggression with the Uighur Turks.
C)the construction of a formidable wall on the Korean border.
D)changing the status of Korea to tributary and the exchange of gifts.
Q4) Perhaps the cruelest labor tax imposed by the Tang Dynasty was A)quarry work for the aristocracy.
B)road repair for the state.
C)conscription.
D)the equal field system.
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Chapter 9: Early Japanese History
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Q1) How was the second invasion of Japan by the Mongols of Kublai Khan repulsed
A)samurai successes
B)a powerful storm or 'divine wind' sank much of the invasion fleet
C)Japanese tactics of fierce individual combat
D)successful use of greyhounds by the Japanese
Q2) Confucianism and Buddhism both arrived in Japan in what century?
A)6th century C.E.
B)8th century C.E.
C)2nd century B.C.E.
D)3rd century C.E.
Q3) Give the correct chronological order for the different periods in Japanese history:
A)Nara/Heian,Taira,Ashikaga,Kamakura
B)Taira,Nara/Heian,Ashikaga,Kamakura
C)Nara/Heian,Taira,Kamakura,Ashikaga
D)Kamakura,Taira,Nara/Heian,Ashikaga
Q4) What were the major characteristics of earlier religions in Japan before the arrival of Buddhism? How did Shint differ from Buddhism? In what manner was this development different from religions in China? Why was this movement confined to the islands of Japan?
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Chapter
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Q1) The Kharijites
A)espoused a limited egalitarianism among the faithful.
B)were the most radical idealists among Muslim factions.
C)were willing to maintain members in the umma who had committed no more than three major sins.
D)were supporters of Muhammad's son-in-law,Ali.
Q2) The mahdi is best defined as the
A)religious leadership of the Islamic state.
B)Shi'ite vision of the true umma.
C)"guided one" who would usher in a messianic age.
D)"judgment day" when the faithful would be rewarded.
Q3) In general, the Sunni branch of Islam has
A)never been a single sect in Islam.
B)taken the most inclusive approach to defining membership in the Muslim community of faith.
C)normally been among the more aggressive Islamic sects in supporting jihad.
D)All of these answers are correct.
Q4) Discuss the importance of Mecca to the development of Arab unity.What role did Medina play? Was Islam a "religion of the desert"?
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Q1) The Treaty of Verdun
A)partitioned the Carolingian Empire.
B)established peace between the Franks and Muslims.
C)created the "Papal States."
D)None of these answers are correct.
Q2) In general, the Germanic peoples who dominated Western Europe after the 5<sup>th</sup> century C.E.
A)had little respect or use for Roman culture.
B)admired Roman culture and did not try to destroy it.
C)sought to replace Roman culture with Byzantine culture.
D)None of these answers are correct.
Q3) Based on Map 11-4, all of the following were tributary peoples of Charlemagne except:
A)Sorbs.
B)Bohemians.
C)Serbs.
D)Croatians.
Q4) Why did Charlemagne encourage learning at his court? How could the Carolingian renaissance have been dangerous to Charlemagne's rule?
Page 13
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Chapter 12: The Islamic World, 1000-1500
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Q1) The coming of Islam to India
A)resulted in bitter wars with the Buddhist majority.
B)contributed to the final elimination of Buddhism as a major religion in the land of its birth.
C)resulted in the disappearance of the Hindu religion and culture.
D)both contributed to the final elimination of Buddhism as a major religion in the land of its birth,and resulted in the disappearance of the Hindu religion and culture.
Q2) Ibn al-Athir, a Muslim historian, describes the Mongol invasions as
A)not as quick as the conquests of Alexander the Great.
B)the most terrible event ever to befall the Muslim world.
C)a pathetic attempt to invade a land defended by God's chosen people.
D)a necessary evil to save the world from sin and corruption.
Q3) Sufi brotherhoods or fraternal orders became the
A)enforcers of Islamic theological unity.
B)basic organizational element of the theological schools at madrasa.
C)chief instruments for the spread of Islam.
D)basis for Islamic doctrinal heresy in the 14th century.
Q4) What was the origin of Sufism and how did Sufism impact the Islamic world?
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Page 14
Chapter 13: Ancient Civilizations of the Americas
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Q1) The Maya civilization was composed of cities that A)competed for dominance.
B)were subservient to one large center C)did not serve as religious centers.
D)were cosmopolitan with many merchants from overseas.
Q2) The poem by Aztec ruler of Texcoco,Nezahualcoyotl,suggests that the Aztecs saw their relationship with their gods as one A) similar to parents and children.
B) that is intimate,such as that of lovers.
C) that is highly unpredictable.
D) that is distant and mysterious.
Q3) The capitol of the Aztec Empire was A)Teotihuacán.
B)Tenochtitlán.
C)Cuzco.
D)Chavín.
Q4) Who were the Toltecs and in what specific ways did their culture influence the Aztecs?
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15
Chapter 14: Africa Ca1000-1700
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Q1) The relationship of Islam to the king and court of Ghana can be described with which of the following statements?
A)Muslims traders were prominent in the court.
B)Muslim legalists advised and administered the government.
C)The king and court never officially converted to Islam.
D)All of these answers are correct.
Q2) Who briefly succeeded the Portuguese as the major suppliers of African slaves to English plantations in the 1640s?
A)the Dutch
B)Spain
C)the French
D)None of these answers are correct.
Q3) What was the impact of the Portuguese on the east cost of Africa? Why was this European power able to gain control of certain coastal areas in this region? What was the Portuguese impact on the African interior?
Q4) What factors led to the rise and fall of the Great Zimbabwe? What impact did trading and agricultural trends have on the development of the Great Zimbabwe?
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Chapter 15: Europe to the Early 1500s: Revival, Decline, and Renaissance
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Q1) During the Late Middle Ages the economic and political power of the nobility
A)increased due the frequency of warfare.
B)declined due to changing military tactics and demographic shifts.
C)remained relatively stable because of the continued weakness of kings.
D)None of these answers are correct.
Q2) The Magna Carta is considered the cornerstone of modern English law because it A)granted legal equality to all subjects,male and female.
B)recognized the English king as divine-right ruler.
C)established the principle of one man,one vote in all national elections.
D)set limits on royal power and insured the right of representation to certain groups in society.
Q3) Which is the best summary of the authors introductory overview of the late Middle Ages?
A)Political and religious institutions grew steadily stronger throughout Europe.
B)Populations grew,while cultural institutions faced severe challenges.
C)Political conflicts killed as much as one third of the population.
D)Populations and religion faced severe challenges,while culture blossomed.
Q4) Contrast some of the factors that led to the unification of France and Spain with those that prevented the unification of Italy and the Holy Roman Empire.What are the primary characteristics of the "modern state"?
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Chapter 16: Europe, 1500-1650: Expansion, reformation, and Religious Wars
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Q1) Elizabeth I's religious settlement can best be described as
A)the disguised implementation of virtually all of Calvin's main ideas.
B)a compromise.
C)a return to Catholicism with minor concessions to Lutherans.
D)None of these answers are correct.
Q2) The most widely-recognized author of the Renaissance was the English poet and playwright
A)Blaise Pascal.
B)John Locke.
C)Thomas Hobbes.
D)William Shakespeare.
Q3) According to John Locke, absolute monarchy was
A)the only form of government that could tame the warlike human nature.
B)inconsistent with civil society.
C)the easiest route for people to live in peace.
D)a divinely mandated form of human government.
Q4) What were the chief beliefs and teachings of Zwingli? How did Zwingli's teachings differ from or resemble those of Lutheranism and Calvinism? What impact did Zwingli and his followers have on Switzerland? What impact did Zwingli and his followers have on the rest of Europe?
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Chapter 17: Conquest and Exploitation: the Development of the Transatlantic Economy
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Q1) What was the Columbian Exchange? In what ways did it influence European conquest and colonization of the Americas?
Q2) The formal end of African indigenous slavery occurred between A)1800-1825.
B)1860-1874.
C)1874-1928.
D)1830-1860.
Q3) The greatest concerns of slave trader Thomas Phillips seem to be
A)the health of his men and his own profits.
B)the profits available to distribute among his men and the health of his crew.
C)the health of the Africans and his risk of catching a dreadful disease.
D)his financial well-being and personal comfort.
Q4) Creoles were
A)people of mixed racial composition.
B)those born in the New World whose ancestry was European.
C)slaves from Central America who were sold in Caribbean ports.
D)those whose status improved due to reforms by Charles III.
Q5) What role did the Catholic Church play in the encounters with Native American civilizations? How did its role compare with that of the Protestant church?
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Chapter 18: East Asia in the Late Traditional ERA
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Q1) What were the primary factors influencing the third commercial revolution in China from 1500 to 1800? What was the role of agriculture in this revolution? Why were cash crops important in this development? Where was population growth most evident?
Q2) The Manchu desire to maintain themselves as an ethnically separate elite group can be seen in all of the following policies <U>except</U> the
A)separation of armed forces by banner.
B)enactment of laws forbidding marriages between Chinese and Manchu elites.
C)movement of the capital from Mukden to Beijing.
D)closing off of sections of Manchuria to Chinese immigrants.
Q3) The Manchus founded which dynasty?
A)Ming
B)Tokugawa
C)Qing
D)Shogun
Q4) Why was Christianity more successful in Japan than in other Asian countries? Was Christianity compatible with Japanese religious beliefs? Did the success of Catholic missionaries lead to an aggressive reaction towards Christians?
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Page 20
Chapter 19: State-Building and Society in Early Modern Europe
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Q1) Describe the structure of families in pre-industrial Europe.What are the differences between urban and rural families? What was the role of women in the family?
Q2) Russian ballads suggest that the common people of Russia
A)knew that they received better treatment than their counterparts in western Europe.
B)did not recognize the difference between serfdom and slavery.
C)blamed the Tsar for the terrible conditions under which they suffered.
D)used legal means to resolve their conflicts with the nobility.
Q3) Parliament readily supported the monarchy of Charles II because of their
A)dissatisfaction with Cromwell's Puritan republic.
B)regret over the execution of Charles I.
C)desire to start a new dynasty.
D)belief in the divine right of kings.
Q4) The Puritans were
A)Calvinists who wanted to purify the Anglican church.
B)Lutherans who wanted to purify the Reformed church.
C)Protestants who wanted to purify the Catholic church.
D)Quakers who wanted to purify the Protestant faith.
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Chapter 20: The Last Great Islamic Empires, 1500-1800
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Q1) All of the following characterize the Chaghatay Turks <U>except</U>:
A)they were the founders of the Mughal dynasty.
B)they were the descendants of Tamerlane.
C)they defeated the Uzbek Turks in Transoxiania.
D)they were relatively tolerant of other religions.
Q2) What were the common reasons for the rise of the Ottoman,Safavid,and Mughal empires? What were some of their primary accomplishments? What were the reasons for their decline?
Q3) In the first half of the eighteenth century, the Ottomans experienced a literary golden age and
A)wide-ranging reform of the ulama.
B)the suppression of science.
C)Jews took over the theater,destroying the classical style in which two men play all parts.
D)the printing press was introduced.
Q4) The Safavid Empire declined for all of the following reasons <U>except</U>
A)an invasion from North India by the Chaghatay army.
B)economic decline.
C)increasing landholding power of the Shi'ite ulama.
D)pressure from Ottoman and Uzbek armies.
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Chapter 21: The Age of European Enlightenment
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Q1) How did Europeans tend to view themselves in relation to the other peoples of the world? What do you think were the major bases for this belief? What role did the Enlightenment play in changing European perceptions of their role in the world?
Q2) How well do the terms "enlightened" and "absolutist" fit the policies of rulers such as Frederick II,Catherine II,and Joseph II? What do you think motivated their reforms? What does the partition of Poland indicate about the spirit of "enlightened absolutism"?
Q3) In the eighteenth century, Polish territory was divided between
A)Prussia,Austria,and Russia.
B)Germany,Czechoslovakia,and the Ukraine.
C)Germany,Austria,and Russia.
D)Prussia,Russia,and France.
Q4) Diderots condemnation of European imperialism focuses primarily on European violation of what Enlightenment principle?
A)the equality of all humans
B)the importance of freedom of speech
C)the application of knowledge for the greater good
D)the centrality of scientific reasoning
Q5) What was the Scientific Revolution,and why is that term in some ways a misnomer?
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Chapter 22: Revolutions in the Transatlantic World
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Q1) What kind of political arrangement emerged in Europe as a result of the Congress of Vienna? What became the prevailing ideology of post-Napoleonic governments? How was the new political order enforced?
Q2) The Thermidorian Reaction consisted of A)the removal of former terrorists from public life.
B)the establishment of the Directory.
C)the destruction of the machinery of terror.
D)All of these answers are correct.
Q3) How do Latin American revolutions differ from the revolution in the United States? How similar or different were the conditions of the English colonies in North America and the Spanish and Portuguese colonies? Were both revolutions inspired by the same philosophical ideas?
Q4) The Great Fear can best be characterized as A)urban disturbances that resulted in hundreds of executions. B)an aristocratic reaction to the disturbances in Paris.
C)peasant disturbances that destroyed châteaux and feudal records. D)the reactionary policy of the church regarding deism.
Q5) Discuss the role of the king in the French Revolution.What were some of the ways by which Louis XVI caused his own demise?
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Chapter 23: Political Consolidation in Nineteenth-Century
Europe and North America
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Q1) What was the purpose of the Great Reform Bill? What did it achieve? Would you call it a "revolutionary" document?
Q2) Economically, the classical liberals of the nineteenth century
A)opposed government regulation of wages.
B)sought the removal of economic restraints such as tariffs.
C)supported the creation of internal markets through improved transportation.
D)All of these answers are correct.
Q3) Why were conservatives in Italy and Germany able to become the leaders of unification and take the cause away from the liberals? Why did nationalism became a conservative cause? What kind of countries would have emerged in Italy and Germany had unification been carried out by liberals?
Q4) Nationalism had a variable effect on European and world politics in the 19th century.Which,if any,elements of Lord Acton's assessment of nationalism do you agree with? Why? How would you assess the overall impact of nationalism on Europe?
Q5) The revolutions of 1848 1849 were
A)located primarily in the Ottoman Empire.
B)located primarily in Russia.
C)not located in a single nation or empire.
D)located primarily in France.
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Chapter 24: Northern Transatlantic Economy and Society,
1815-1914
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Q1) By 1914, European workers increasingly A)adopted liberal economic doctrines.
B)resorted to strikes,riots,and violence.
C)used collective bargaining to ensure economic security. D)turned away from political involvement.
Q2) By 1914 the leading industrial power in the world was A)England.
B)Germany.
C)Japan.
D)None of these answers are correct.
Q3) Compare and contrast the views of Sidney Webb,Eduard Bernstein,and V.I.Lenin.If you were a European worker during this period,in which country would you want to live? Why?
Q4) What were Lenin's specific arguments in his books,Two Tactics of Social Democracy in the Bourgeois-Democratic Revolution,and What Is to Be Done? Do you think that political revolutions need to be preceded by the establishment of an intellectual base?
Q5) Discuss Freud's conception of the human psyche.How does Freud shatter the notion of a rational human mind? How is the mind organized? What kind of experiences shape the adult mind?
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Chapter 25: Latin America From Independence to the 1940s
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Q1) In the 19th century, postcolonial Brazil differed from other newly independent nations in South America for all of the following reasons <U>except</U>
A)its language and colonial heritage were different.
B)it had a relatively stable monarchical government.
C)it had a more diversified economic base.
D)it retained the institution of slavery the longest.
Q2) Scientific racism in 19th century Latin America
A)blamed non-whites for economic backwardness.
B)elevated "pure" native Americans over mestizos.
C)justified rule by those born in Spain or Portugal.
D)contributed to the growth of Communist parties.
Q3) The independence movements of the early 19th century originated with the A)people.
B)middle class liberals.
C)creole elite.
D)lower middle class military officers.
Q4) What are the three major reasons that historians have put forth to explain why Latin America has developed differently from other parts of the West? Which of these arguments do you find most convincing and why?
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1800-1945
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Q1) Describe the roots of the Indian movement for independence.How were the Indians politically active against the British after 1884? What were the major groups that were attempting to gain power on the continent? What was the final resolution India's quest for independence?
Q2) In what manner was the Islamic world divided after 1800? How did these divisions influence the arrival of European powers? Why was there a failure of unity against European states after 1855?
Q3) Svar j can best be defined as
A)tolerance.
B)self-governance.
C)moderation.
D)intolerance.
Q4) Sayyid Ahmad Khan is best known for
A)being the spiritual father of Pakistan.
B)creating a Muslim college at Aligarh.
C)leading a revival of Hindu culture and learning.
D)supporting violent resistance to British rule in India.
Q5) What was the ideology behind the jihad movement of Usman Dan Fodio? Did this movement have any significant long-term consequences? If so,what were they?
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Chapter 27: Modern East Asia
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Q1) In the period 1927 1945, which of the following groups saw itself as the true guardian of Japanese traditions and founder of the modern state?
A)the samurai
B)the military
C)the Seiy kai
D)the industrialists
Q2) All of the following were goals of the Meiji government <U>except</U>
A)give more influence to the samurai.
B)centralize political power.
C)stabilize government revenues.
D)modernize the Japanese economy.
Q3) The Long March refers to
A)Jian Jieshi's elimination of the Japanese army.
B)Mao's flight from Jiang in 1934.
C)Mao's vision of his "new" brand of Marxism.
D)the Chinese flight before Japanese invaders in 1937.
Q4) Compare the effects of World War I and the Great Depression on China and Japan.What were the major outcomes in each country? Which country better weathered the two crises? Which factor or factors do you think best account for their relative success?
Page 29
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Chapter 28: Imperialism and World War I
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Q1) According to Tirpitz's risk theory,
A)Russia could not attack Germany for the first six weeks after mobilization.
B)Germany could build a big enough fleet to weaken the British navy.
C)the main reason for acquiring colonies was to gain political leverage in Europe.
D)German alliances should include Austria-Hungary,but not Russia.
Q2) New imperialism most commonly took the form of
A)capital investment in a less developed economy.
B)missionary movements to spread Christianity.
C)direct political control over the colony.
D)resettlement of Europeans in the colony.
Q3) By the terms of the Entente Cordiale,
A)Britain was obliged to aid France in the event of German invasion.
B)Britain was obliged to aid Russia in the event of invasion.
C)Britain and France patched up colonial differences without making a formal alliance.
D)France and Russia became allies.
Q4) Which two countries were excluded from the peace talks at Versailles?
Q5) Why did Germany lose the First World War? Could it have won,or was victory never a possibility? Explain.
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Chapter 29: Depression, European Dictators, and the
American New Deal
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Q1) The Italian Fascists used all of the following means to obtain power except A)terrorist intimidation.
B)skillful propaganda.
C)violent revolution.
D)legal means.
Q2) Stalins great purges seemed to be primarily aimed at
A)old Bolsheviks who had been loyal to others.
B)young up-and-coming Communists who threatened him.
C)foreign agents who had infiltrated the Soviet system.
D)industrial and agricultural workers.
Q3) Stalin's power and influence lay in his
A)oratorical abilities.
B)brilliant writings and theories.
C)mastery of the crucial details of party structure.
D)military abilities.
Q4) Mussolini became the leader of Italy
A)by a forceful takeover.
B)by being legally appointed by the king.
C)by winning the majority of the vote in an election.
D)None of these answers are correct.
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Chapter 30: World War II
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Q1) The union of Germany and Austria occurred through A)an invasion by Hitler.
B)a plebiscite in which the people of Austira decided to unite with Germany.
C)the capitulation of Austrian Premier,Kurt von Schuschnigg.
D)an attack coordinated with Mussolini.
Q2) The Anschluss referred to the A)union of Germany and Austria.
B)invasion of the Sudetenland.
C)invasion of the Rhineland.
D)invasion of Poland.
Q3) The primary practical consequence of the Potsdam conference was the A)Western allies were forced to open a second front.
B)original idea to form a United Nations organization.
C)division of Europe into eastern and western zones of influence.
D)decision to demand heavy reparations from Germany.
Q4) How was Hitler able to defeat France so easily in 1940? Why was the air war against Britain a failure? Why did Hitler invade Russia? Why did the invasion of Russia fail? Could it have succeeded?
Q5) Why did Japan attack the United States at Pearl Harbor? What was the significance of American intervention in the war?
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Chapter 31: The West Since World War II
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Q1) Detail the collapse of Yugoslavia.What was the influence of the end of the cold war on the conflict? What role did nationalism and religion play? Who were the parties involved and what were their goals? Why did the world fail to stop this conflict? What was the role of the United Nations and NATO? Were they successful in stopping ethnic cleansing? Why or why not?
Q2) The primary consequence of the Berlin airlift was
A)the Allies ceded control over West Berlin to the Soviets.
B)the people of Berlin were starved into submitting to Soviet demands.
C)the Soviets built the Berlin Wall.
D)Germany was permanently split into eastern and western halves.
Q3) The Communist institution most comparable to NATO was the A)Warsaw Pact.
B)Communist Party.
C)European Union (EU).
D)European Economic Community (EEC).
Q4) The U-2 incident of 1960 involved a(n)
A)U.S.spy plane that was shot down over Soviet territory.
B)American ejection of Soviet diplomatic personnel.
C)invasion of Cuba backed by the C.I.A.
D)Soviet spy ring in Washington,D.C.
Page 33
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Chapter 32: East Asia: The Recent Decades
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Q1) Prime Minister Shigeru believed that the Emperor
A)had been an important symbol of Japan's creation,but was no longer relevant to Japan's functioning.
B)was a symbol of Japan for outsiders,but was irrelevant in the minds of the Japanese people.
C)had represented the embodiment of Japan when the country first coalesced,but was no longer relevant.
D)was both a symbol and an embodiment of the country in the minds of the Japanese people.
Q2) The Great Leap Forward was
A)a Soviet-supported push for the creation of large factories for heavy industry.
B)popular mobilization towards widespread economic development.
C)a youth movement to create a truly egalitarian culture.
D)a campaign against spiritual pollution.
Q3) In the 21st century, which Asian country remains rigidly communist?
A)North Korea
B)Vietnam
C)South Korea
D)China
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Chapter 33: Post-colonialism and Beyond: Latin America, Africa,
Asia, and the Middle East
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Q1) What impact has the Muslim resurgence had on world history? Why is the West having trouble coping with this movement? What is the relationship between this movement and the increase in terrorist activities in the late 20th century?
Q2) In the late 20th and early 21st centuries, Indian politics have been dominated by A)efforts to control population growth and introduce birth control methods.
B)attempts to introduce democratic reforms and liberalize the press.
C)continued tensions with Pakistan and Muslim communities in India.
D)public health measures designed to curb the AIDS epidemic.
Q3) As early as 1945, the Pan-African Congress demanded African freedom for all of the following reasons <u>except</u>
A)the disparity of economic benefits from African development.
B)the legacy of violence and slavery left by European colonialism.
C)the broken promises made by European countries during World War I.
D)that it would prepare them to be citizens of a unified world government.
Q4) Discuss the policy of apartheid.Who were the main leaders opposed to this system in the Republic of South Africa? What were their tactics for opposition? What new challenges face the democracy of South Africa now that apartheid has been abolished?
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