Introduction to Sociology Solved Exam Questions
Course Introduction
Introduction to Sociology offers students a comprehensive overview of the fundamental concepts, theories, and methods used in the study of society and social behavior. The course explores foundational topics such as culture, socialization, social structure, groups and organizations, deviance, social stratification, race, gender, and the role of institutions. Through critical analysis and real-world examples, students will gain insight into how societal forces shape individual lives and how individuals, in turn, shape society. This course provides valuable analytical tools for understanding the complexities of social interaction and the patterns that influence our everyday experiences.
Recommended Textbook
SOC 4th edition by Nijole V. Benokraitis
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16 Chapters
1280 Verified Questions
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Chapter 1: Thinking Like a Sociologist
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is an accurate definition of sociology?
A) Sociology is the enigmatic study of social interaction at the micro level.
B) Sociology is the enigmatic study of psychological interactions of people with their society.
C) Sociology is the enigmatic study of phenomenal changes that occur in a society.
D) Sociology is the systematic study of human behavior in society.
E) Sociology is the systematic study of physiological changes that people encounter in a society.
Answer: D
Q2) Comte maintained that the study of society must be _____.
A) personal
B) spiritual
C) empirical
D) ideological
E) intuitive
Answer: C
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Chapter 2: Examining Our Social World
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is an example of authority?
A) Jane throws the bouquet at her wedding as it is a custom that her family follows.
B) Jack eats five almonds every day as his mother says that they are good for health.
C) A girl gets married to her best friend because she loves him.
D) Teens copy celebrities' dressing style to look fashionable.
E) People use social media prevalently these days.
Answer: B
Q2) Much of one's knowledge is based on _____, a handing down of statements, beliefs, and customs from generation to generation.
A) tradition
B) authority
C) learning
D) heredity
E) intelligence
Answer: A
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Chapter 3: Culture
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Sample Questions
Q1) Identify an advantage of multiculturalism.
A) It reflects people's actual everyday behavior.
B) It develops practices that run counter to the dominant culture.
C) It encourages intercultural dialogue.
D) It makes people culture bound.
E) It promotes racism and sexism.
Answer: C
Q2) Which of the following statements is true of symbols?
A) They are innately acquired.
B) They are transmitted from one generation to the next.
C) They distinguish one culture from another.
D) They remain consistent over time.
E) They remain consistent across all societies.
Answer: C
Q3) Symbolic interactionists offer a systematic framework that explains how people create and shape culture or develop shared meanings of reality.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Page 5
Chapter 4: Socialization
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to Mead, the me forms as children engage in role taking.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Caitlin behaves and interacts with her siblings very differently compared to her friends.She is less mindful of offending her brothers and sisters and is not conscious of her appearance when she is with them.Which of the key functions of socialization does this situation illustrate?
A) Socialization establishes our social identity.
B) Socialization teaches us to follow the rules.
C) Socialization transmits culture to the next generation.
D) Socialization teaches us role taking.
E) Socialization distinguishes between nature and nurture.
Q3) _____ occurs when people receive direct or indirect rewards or punishments for particular behaviors.
A) Learning
B) Development
C) Reinforcement
D) Evaluation
E) Justification
Q4) Explain the various opinions that arise from the nature-nurture debate.
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Chapter 5: Social Interaction in Everyday Life
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is a similarity between statuses and roles?
A) Like statuses, roles are relational.
B) Like statuses, roles are static.
C) Like all statuses, roles are ascribed.
D) Like all statuses, roles are achieved.
E) Like all statuses, roles are independent.
Q2) Which of the following statements is true about gendered touching?
A) Men are more likely than women to initiate hugs.
B) Men are more likely than women to use touching to express support.
C) Women are more likely than men to initiate touches that assert power.
D) Men are more likely than women to use touching to express comfort.
E) Men are more likely than women to use touching to show sexual interest.
Q3) What is role performance? Discuss with an example.
Q4) Brendon is a pastor at the local church.To earn extra money, he transports vegetables to a retail market during weekends.This is an example of _____.
A) a master status
B) status inconsistency
C) an ascribed status
D) role performance
E) role strain
Page 7
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Chapter 6: Social Groups, Organizations, and Social Institutions
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Sample Questions
Q1) The purpose of Solomon Asch's experiment was to demonstrate the _____.
A) need to obey a superior's instructions
B) inability of some people to conform to societal norms
C) effect of brainstorming on people
D) power of groups over individuals
E) inability to groups to arrive at a consensus
Q2) Cynthia is a medical intern who is undergoing six months of training.She aspires to be a successful cardiologist in the future.Who among the following will be her reference group?
A) Her professors in medical school
B) Doctors
C) Her classmates in medical school
D) Nurses
E) Her family
Q3) Who among the following is most likely to be affected by a glass ceiling?
A) Men in managerial positions
B) Women who own and run their companies
C) Men who have newly joined a company
D) Women in clerical positions
E) Older people in top management positions
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Chapter 7: Deviance, Crime, and Social Control
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Sample Questions
Q1) Deviance is dysfunctional because it erodes trust in personal and formal relationships.Justify this statement.
Q2) Which of the following crimes is considered a noncriminal deviance?
A) Human trafficking
B) Molestation
C) Suicide
D) Cyber crime
E) Intellectual property theft
Q3) Deviance is universal because it exists in every society.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Summarize the critical evaluation of feminist perspectives on deviance.
Q5) Deviance cannot be considered a crime.
A)True
B)False
Q6) What are victimless crimes?
Q7) Give an example of a situation where corporate crimes are profitable.
Q8) Primary deviance is the initial act of breaking a rule.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 8: Social Stratification: United States and Global
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Sample Questions
Q1) Discuss the symbolic interactionists' perspective on social stratification.
Q2) The minimal income level that the federal government considers necessary for basic subsistence is called _____.
A) the income deficit
B) prestige
C) wealth
D) meritocracy
E) the poverty line
Q3) Describe the structural factors that affect social mobility.
Q4) Which of the following is a limitation of the symbolic interaction theory?
A) Symbolic interactionists ignore the efforts of government programs.
B) Symbolic interactionists believe that the rich are more hardworking.
C) Symbolic interactionists exaggerate the existence and effects of economic inequality.
D) Symbolic interactionists do not explain why so many women succeed despite patriarchal barriers.
E) Symbolic interactionists ignore structural factors that create and reinforce inequality.
Q5) Identify the common characteristics of America's poor and briefly describe each of them.
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Chapter 9: Gender and Sexuality
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Sample Questions
Q1) What are the three prominent feminist explanations of gender roles?
Q2) Which of the following is one of the five bottom countries in gender equality?
A) New Zealand
B) Finland
C) United States
D) Sweden
E) Yemen
Q3) Philip and Roger have decided to get married.However, their decision has received a mixed response from the society.Who among the following is most likely to support their marriage?
A) Martha, a 55-year-old
B) Aaron, a fervent Jew
C) Ricardo, a homophobic
D) Chris, a 20-year-old
E) Peter, an orthodox Christian
Q4) Define gender.
Q5) George is a job seeker whose education and vocational training is a part of his human capital.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 10: Race and Ethnicity
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Sample Questions
Q1) In the dominant-minority group relations continuum, which of the following is the highest on both tolerance and equality?
A) Genocide
B) Acculturation
C) Segregation
D) Assimilation
E) Pluralism
Q2) Izzy, a white teenager, thinks that blacks are born with lower intelligence than other racial groups.Izzy's belief illustrates _____.
A) Pluralism
B) genocide
C) assimilation
D) apartheid
E) prejudice
Q3) What is prejudice? Discuss with an example.
Q4) Explain a racial-ethnic group.
Q5) Describe genocide.Provide historical examples of genocide.
Q6) Discuss gendered racism.
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Chapter 11: The Economy and Politics
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Sample Questions
Q1) In the context of the political system, a _____ is a group of people that seeks or receives benefits or favorable treatment.
A) special-interest group
B) social group
C) diversity group
D) common-goal group
E) traditional group
Q2) Which of the following factors has contributed to the surge in women employment?
A) Growth in the number of college-educated women
B) Decrease in the number of working single mothers
C) Lower costs of homeownership
D) Higher earnings of women than men in the highest paying occupations
E) Higher unemployment rates among men
Q3) _____ is power based on customs that justify a ruler's position.
A) Traditional authority
B) Downward authority
C) Charismatic authority
D) Upward authority
E) Rational-legal authority
Q4) Discuss the effects of globalization on the economy.
Page 13
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Chapter 12: Families and Aging
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Sample Questions
Q1) The phenomenon where individuals marry several people, but one at a time is known as _____.
A) serial monogamy
B) polygamy
C) polygyny
D) polyandry
E) endogamy
Q2) In a(n) _____ the oldest males (grandfathers, fathers, and uncles) control cultural, political, and economic resources and, consequently, have power over females.
A) patriarchal family system
B) matriarchal family system
C) neolocal family system
D) interlocal family system
E) egalitarian family system
Q3) Give a brief definition of family.
Q4) The incest taboo forbids sexual activities among unmarried individuals.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Explain exogamy with an example.
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Chapter 13: Education and Religion
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to studies by Gewertz in 2009, Kahlenberg in 2010, and Dwyer et al.in 2013, which of the following best explains why many colleges are giving men preferential treatment in admissions?
A) To enroll privileged male students as legacies
B) To maintain workers for jobs in the stratification hierarchy
C) To avoid large gender imbalances in their student bodies
D) To admit talented low-income and minority students
E) To handle the stress of their economic and social position
Q2) Identify a true statement about the hidden curriculum at schools in low-income and working-class neighborhoods.
A) They only include reading, writing, and learning other skills.
B) They prepare students to work in bureaucracies that require deference to authority.
C) They encourage leadership, creativity, independence, and people skills.
D) They stress obedience, following directions, and punctuality.
E) They emphasize proper behavior and appearance, cooperation, and conforming to rules.
Q3) Discuss the feminist perspective on religion.Support your answer with examples.
Q4) Discuss the characteristics of a church.
Q5) Define tracking.What are the consequences of tracking?
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Chapter 14: Health and Medicine
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to _____sick people not responsible for their condition and, therefore, have legitimate reasons for not performing their usual social roles.
A) Gibbon's model
B) Ford's model
C) Beveridge's model
D) Parsons' model
E) Lynn's model
Q2) Smoking is considered a preventable lifestyle health hazard.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Which of the following statements is true in the context of illicit drug use in the United States?
A) It is the nation's leading lifestyle related and preventable cause of death.
B) It is reported in less than one percent of Americans.
C) It is least common among people aged between 18 and 25 years.
D) It is more common among women than men.
E) It is least common among Asian Americans.
Q4) Explain drug-pricing in the United States.
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Chapter 15: Population, Urbanization, and the Environment
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Q1) Up to 3.5 million Americans get sick every year from polluted beach water.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Most water problems are a result of an imbalance in nature.
A)True
B)False
Q3) At least 95 percent of global warming is due to _____.
A) volcanic eruptions
B) human activities
C) changes in solar radiation
D) clean energy resources
E) natural forest fires
Q4) _____ are business centers that are within or close to suburban residential areas and include offices, schools, shopping, entertainment, malls, hotels, and medical facilities.
A) Metropolitan cities
B) Exurbs
C) Megacities
D) Villages
E) Edge cities
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Chapter 16: Social Change: Collective Behavior, Social Movements,
and Technology
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Sample Questions
Q1) Hope is a multispecialty hospital that provides high-quality healthcare.The staff of the hospital went on strike after the management refused to increase their pay.During the strike, the nurses developed new standards of protests, which included a sit-in, in order to come to an agreement with the management.Identify the theory of collective behavior illustrated in this scenario.
A) Contagion theory
B) Convergence theory
C) Emergent norm theory
D) Structural strain theory
E) Value-added theory
Q2) Explain the terms panic and mass hysteria.Examine the impact they have on people.
Q3) Collective behavior that is structured and enduring brings long-term social changes.
A)True
B)False
Q4) What is a riot? How do riots differ from mobs?
Q5) Analyze some of the ethical issues of technology.Illustrate your answer with examples.
Q6) Describe any two types of social movements.
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